近红外乳腺扫描影像与乳腺增生病辨证分型关系探讨

目的 探讨影像诊断技术与中医辨证分型的关系，使用药更有针对性、合理性。方法 采用近红外乳腺扫描影像技术对820例乳腺增生病患者进行扫描检查，同时进行护理指导。结果 820例患者检查顺利，不同证型的乳腺增生病其近红外乳腺影像各有差异。结论 近红外乳腺扫描检查敏感性高、直观、无创、操作方便，检查中良好的护理有利于检查顺利进行。     

（99M）~TC－MIBI乳腺肿物显像的初步临床应用

作者应用~（９９ｍ）ＴＣ－ＭＩＢＩ对１２１例乳腺肿物患者进行了显像观察，其中乳腺癌７０例，良性肿瘤５１例。结果灵敏度为９１．４％，特异性６８．６％，诊断符合率８１．８％，假阳性率３１．４％，假阴性率８．６％。与其它乳腺影像检查（近红外扫描、Ｂ超、乳腺钼靶片）相比较，诊断的符合率数值近似。作者认为该检查法对乳腺肿物的诊断有一定的价值。与其它的诊断方法联合互补，将会提高乳腺癌诊断率。但对浆细胞性乳腺炎显像率高，不能进行鉴别。     

体检妇女乳腺增生症情况报告

目的:及时发现、合理防治乳腺增生的发生.方法:对927名年龄在19～72岁之间的不同职业的妇女进行健康体检,通过询问生育史、月经周期乳腺胀痛史,手法常规检查双侧乳腺、电脑红外乳腺检查.结果:发现乳腺增生与职业有关、与月经不调有关、与年龄有关.结论:乳腺触检是最直接和快捷的乳腺检查方法,要通过宣传和指导让妇女正确掌握乳腺自检方法,以免发生误诊.     

长沙银行女职工乳腺超声体检情况分析

目的:本文探讨超声检查在长沙银行女职工乳腺超声健康体检者中的应用与超声检查的重要性.方法:通过检查并分析628例长沙银行女职工乳腺超声健康体检者的二维超声及彩色多普勒检查的健康资料.结果:乳腺小叶增生301例:乳腺纤维瘤107例;乳腺囊肿43例;乳腺癌2例;乳腺未见明显异常175例.结论:在女性乳腺疾病健康体检中,超声检查对乳腺疾病的早发现与早治疗均有重要意义.     

近红外线扫描与彩色多普勒超声对乳腺肿块诊断的临床评价

目的 比较近红外线扫描与彩色多普勒超声对乳腺肿块的诊断价值。方法 对279例来院就诊的乳腺肿块患者行近红外线扫描和彩色超声多普勒检查后手术切除肿块病检,以病检结果为基础,对两种检查方法进行对比分析。结果 182例乳腺增生性肿块近红外线扫描的诊断符合率为94．0％,彩超为84．6％（P＜0．01）,前者明显优于后者,24例乳腺癌的诊断符合率前者为91．7％,后者为83．3％,虽有差异,但无统计学意义（P＞0．05）;对59例纤维腺瘤的诊断两者基本一致。两项检查相结合诊断符合率明显提高。结论 对乳腺增生性包块的诊断,近红外线扫描优于彩色多普勒超声;对乳腺癌的诊断两种检查方法难分优劣,但两种检查方法相结合可明显提高对乳腺肿块的诊断符合率。     

乳腺3.0T磁共振动态增强扫描的护理

目的探讨乳腺3.0T磁共振动态增强扫描的护理方法。方法对53例乳腺磁共振动态增强扫描患者进行心理疏导和护理干预。结果 53例均顺利完成扫描,获得满意图像,达到预期效果。结论有效护理干预是保证乳腺磁共振动态增强扫描顺利进行的前提。     

乳腺增生患者月经前后的心理状态分析及中医护理

目的 探讨月经期前后乳腺增生患者心理问题的异同,以指导临床护理人员进行相应的心理干预.方法 采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)对220例乳腺增生门诊患者以问卷方式进行心理问卷调查.结果 乳腺增生患者在躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、恐怖、精神病性6项因子得分上显著高于常模(P<0.05,P<0.01);而在人际关系敏感、敌对、偏执3项因子得分上显著低于常模(均P<0.01).乳腺增生患者月经前后的心理问题表现不同.结论 临床护理人员应重视乳腺增生患者的心理问题,并根据月经周期的变化,应用中医心理护理知识给予相应的干预,以提高乳腺增生患者的心理健康状况.     

乳腺少见肿块的声像图分析

目的探讨高频彩色多普勒超声诊断乳腺少见肿块的应用价值。方法回顾性分析24例经手术病理证实的乳腺肿块患者的临床及超声影像资料。结果 24例（25个乳腺肿块）中,病理诊断叶状肿瘤16例（17个肿块）,单发脂肪肉瘤、恶性纤维组织细胞瘤、假性淋巴瘤各2例,增生性筋膜炎、结核各1例。超声误诊17个肿块,对其余8个肿块仅做出描述性诊断。结论上述类型乳腺肿块的超声图像表现均较复杂,但部分肿块仍有相对特异的声像图特点,可为临床诊断提供帮助,但确诊主要依靠病理学检查。     

乳康片、维生素E加维生素B_6治疗乳腺增生26例

正选取牡丹江医学院附属二院2013年4月—2014年4月收治的乳腺增生患者共26例,所有患者均接受药物治疗,观察疗效并记录,报道如下。1资料与方法1.1一般资料26例患者均为已婚妇女,年龄28~52岁,平均年龄(38±0.4)岁;病程6~40个月。所有患者均进行乳房临床表征检查、乳房超声检查或近红外线乳腺扫描检查,并且确诊为乳腺增生。1.2方法所有患者均口服乳康片、维生素E加维生素B_6~([1])。其     

乳腺肿块切除活检559例分析

乳腺肿块是女性常见病,对其良恶的鉴别至关重要。我院1975～1985年病理检查女性乳腺肿块559例。本文对活检结果进行分析,并就乳腺肿块活检在乳癌早期诊断意义及手术方法略行探讨。临床资料本组病例年龄最小12岁,最大84岁。病理检查结果:乳腺纤维瘤204例(36.4％)。乳腺癌134例(24％)。乳腺增生症91例(16％),其中囊性增生59例,小叶增生22例,纤维增生10例。乳腺腺病50例(9％)。乳腺慢性炎症37例(7％)。乳房结核10例(1.8％)。乳腺导管扩张症8例(1.4％)。乳腺脂肪瘤7例(1.3％)。     

Mammary hamartoma

For many years, mammary hamartoma was considered to be an under-diagnosed disease. However, with the increasing use of diagnostic procedures in breast tumors (mammography, ultrasound, fine needle aspiration cytology and core needle biopsy), diagnosis of this entity has increased. Mammary hamartomas normally manifest as painless, mobile, palpable lumps without adherence to skin or muscle. Mammography shows well-circumscribed tumors, separated from adjacent normal breast tissue. Macroscopically they are well-defined tumors, consisting of benign mammary glandular tissue, fibrous stroma and fat in variable proportions, sometimes with a pseudoencapulation. Because of the lack of cytological and architectural specificity of hamartomas, correlation between clinical manifestations, imaging techniques and histology is essential. This report describes a case of an 11-cm mammary hamartoma in a 46-year-old woman.     

Integrins in Mammary Gland Development and Differentiation of Mammary Epithelium

Integrins are major extracellular matrix (ECM) receptors that can also serve for some cell-cell interactions. They have been identified as important regulators of mammary epithelial cell growth and differentiation. Their ability to promote cell anchorage, proliferation, survival, migration, and the induction of active ECM-degrading enzymes suggests that they play an essential role in normal mammary morphogenesis, but, on the other hand, reveals their potential to promote tumor progression.     

Mammary hibernoma

We report the case of a 39-year-old asymptomatic woman who presented for screening mammography. Mammography revealed a round, partially circumscribed, partially indistinct, noncalcified 4.5 cm mass in upper outer right breast. This vaguely palpable mass appeared as a well-circumscribed, oval, hyperechoic, parallel, septated mass on sonography. Ultrasound-guided core biopsy led to the diagnosis of hibernoma. Few cases of hibernomas have been reported in the English literature, and their occurrence in the breast is particularly rare [Eur J Surg Oncol 26 (2000) 430; Am J Surg Pathol 25 (2001) 809]. To our knowledge, this is the first case of mammary hibernoma in which the ultrasonographic and mammographic features of this unusual entity are demonstrated.     

Microenvironment of the Involuting Mammary Gland Mediates Mammary Cancer Progression

Breast cancer diagnosed after a completed pregnancy has higher metastatic potential and therefore a much poorer prognosis. We hypothesize that following pregnancy the process of mammary gland involution, which returns the gland to its pre-pregnant state, co-opts some of the programs of wound healing. The pro-inflammatory milieu that results, while physiologically normal, promotes tumor progression. In this review, the similarities between mammary gland involution after cessation of milk-production and pathological tissue remodeling are discussed in light of emerging data demonstrating a role for pathological tissue remodeling in cancer.     

Mammary Gland Macrophages: Pleiotropic Functions in Mammary Development

Mammary gland development is a complex process involving epithelial cells and supporting stromal cells. Macrophages (M∅s) are an important component of the mammary gland stroma and are critical for normal mammary gland development; however, the mechanisms by which macrophages regulate these processes are not well understood. M∅s are known to interact with numerous cell types, including epithelial cells, fibroblasts, adipocytes, and endothelial cells, all of which are significant components of mammary gland development. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to describe the interactions between M∅s and these various cell types and use this knowledge to identify potential functions of M∅s in the mammary gland.