柿寄生提取物对对乙酰氨基酚诱导小鼠肝损伤的保护作用及作用机制

目的：研究柿寄生提取物对对乙酰氨基酚（APAP）诱导小鼠肝损伤的保护作用及作用机制。方法：将60只健康雄性昆明种小鼠随机分成正常组、模型组、联苯双酯阳性组（150 mg·kg^-1）、柿寄生提取物低、中、高剂量组（11.67，23.34，46.67 mg·kg^-1），灌胃给药8 d后，除正常组外其他各组腹腔注射265 mg·kg^-1对乙酰氨基酚，建立急性肝损伤模型，眼球取血后常规检测血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）活性水平、肝匀浆生化指标和肝脏病理。结果：与模型组相比，柿寄生提取物中剂量能明显降低AST、ALT活性水平，降低肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、白细胞介素-1β表达水平（P<0.05），降低丙二醛活力水平（P<0.05），显著提高超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性、提高微量还原型谷胱甘肽的水平（P<0.05），改善肝组织病理学变化。结论：柿寄生萃取物能明显减轻APAP所致的肝损伤，其机制与降低炎症因子水平，提高机体抗氧化能力，降低氧化应激有关。     

Pretreatment of Albino Rats with Methanolic Fruit Extract of Randia Dumetorum (L.) Protects against Alcohol Induced Liver Damage

Alcohol abuse and its medical and social consequences are a major health problem in many areas of the world. The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effect of methanolic fruit extract of Randia dumetorum (L.) on alcohol-induced liver damage in rats. Rats were divided into five different groups (n=6), group I served as a control, group II received ethanol (3 ml/100 g/day p.o.), group III served as standard group and received silymarin (50 mg/kg p.o.), group IV and V served as extract treatment groups and received 50 & 100 mg/kg methanolic extract of R. dumetorum. All the treatment protocols followed 30 days and after rats were sacrificed blood and liver were used for biochemical and histological studies, respectively. The activities serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), direct bilirubin (DB), total bilirubin (TB) and lipid peroxidation were statistically increased in rats exposed to alcohol while total protein and glutathione decreased compared to control rats. Treatment with R. dumetorum significantly decreased the elevated levels of ALT, AST, TG, DB, TB and lipid peroxidation compared to the group exposed to alcohol only. R. dumetorum significantly resulted in increased levels of total protein and reduced glutathione compared to the group that received alcohol only. Histology of the liver section of the animals treated with R. dumetorum improved the hepatotoxicity caused by alcohol. Hence the study concluded that R. dumetorum has potential hepatoprotective activity.     

A comparison of the effect of nitroparacetamol and paracetamol on liver injury

Paracetamol (5 mmol kg(-1), i.p.) caused liver damage in rats as indicated by increased plasma aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activities. No change in plasma bilirubin or creatinine was noted. An equimolar dose of nitroparacetamol (a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing derivative of paracetamol) did not alter plasma levels of any of the markers of liver/kidney damage. No difference in plasma or liver paracetamol was apparent in animals injected with paracetamol or nitroparacetamol. These results indicate that NO released from nitroparacetamol exhibits hepatoprotective activity in these animals and suggest that nitroparacetamol may therefore be considered as a safer alternative to paracetamol in the clinic.     

Antifibrotic effect of extracellular biopolymer from submerged mycelial cultures of Cordyceps militaris on liver fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation and scission in rats

The antifibrotic effects of hot water extract (WEC), intracellular biopolymer (IPC) and extracellular biopolymers (EPC) from mycelial liquid culture of Cordyceps militaris on liver fibrosis were studied. Liver fibrosis was induced by a bile duct ligation and scission (BDL/S) operation, duration of 4 weeks in rats. In BDL/S rats, the levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin in serum and hydroxyproline content in liver were dramatically increased. The WEC or IPC treatment (30 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks, p.o.) in BDL/S rats reduced the serum AST, ALT and ALP levels significantly (p<0.01). The EPC treatment (30 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks, p.o.) reduced the serum ALT, AST and ALP levels significantly (p<0.01). Malondialdehyde contents in liver treated with WEC, IPC or EPC were significantly reduced (p<0.05). But Liver hydroxyproline content was decreased only in EPC treated BDL/S rats to 55% that of BDL/S control rats (p<0.01). The morphological characteristics and expression of alpha smooth muscle like actin in fibrotic liver, which appeared in BDL/S control group were improved in EPC treated fibrotic liver. These results indicate that EPC (30 mg/kg/day for 4 weeks, p.o.) has an antifibrotic effect on fibrotic rats induced by BDL/S.     

Protective effects of Swertia longifolia Boiss. and its active compound, swerchirin, on paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice

Aerial parts of Swertia longifolia Boiss. (Gentianaceae), which grows in the north of Iran, were screened for hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol (acetaminophen)-induced hepatotoxicity in Swiss mice. Pretreatment with total plant extract and swerchirin, the major component of the plant, significantly reduced the elevation of biochemical parameters, AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALT (alanine aminotransferase) and ALP (alkaline phosphatase), the enzymes that are increased by liver damage (P < 0.001). Our results indicated that total plant extract and swerchirin were hepatoprotective in the range of 6-50 mg kg(-1) orally.     

Sensitivity of (1)H NMR analysis of rat urine in relation to toxicometabonomics. Part I: dose-dependent toxic effects of bromobenzene and paracetamol.

(1)H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of rat urine in combination with pattern recognition analysis was evaluated for early noninvasive detection of toxicity of investigational chemical entities. Bromobenzene (B) and paracetamol (P) were administered at five single oral dosages between 2 and 500 mg/kg and between 6 and 1800 mg/kg, respectively. The sensitivity of the proposed method to detect changes in the NMR spectra 24 and 48 h after single dosing was compared with histopathology and biochemical parameters in plasma and urine. Both B and P applied at the highest dosages induced liver necrosis and markedly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) plasma levels. At dosages of 125 mg/kg B and 450 mg/kg P, liver necrosis and changes in AST and ALT were less pronounced, while at lower dose levels these effects could not be detected. Changes in kidney pathology or standard urine biochemistry were not observed at any of these dosages. Evaluation of the total NMR dataset showed 80 signals to be sensitive for B and P dosing. Principal component analysis on the reduced dataset revealed that NMR spectra were significantly different at dosages above 8 mg/kg (B) and 110 mg/kg (P) at both sampling times. This implies a 4- to 16-fold increased sensitivity of NMR versus histopathology and clinical chemistry in recognizing early events of liver toxicity.     

Protective Role of Tinospora cordifolia against Lead-induced Hepatotoxicity

The importance of Tinospora cordifolia stem and leaves extract was investigated for its possible hepatoprotective effect in Swiss albino male mice against lead nitrate induced toxicity. Oral administration of plant extracts prevented the occurrence of lead nitrate induced liver damage. The decreased level of tissue enzymes, i.e., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and increased level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and acid phosphatase (ACP) were observed in mice treated with lead. Administration of aqueous stem extract (400 mg/kg body weight, orally) and aqueous leaves extract (400 mg/kg body weight, orally) along with the lead nitrate (5 mg/kg body weight, i.p. for 30 days) increased the activities of SOD and CAT and decreased the levels of AST, ALT, ALP, and ACP enzymes in mice. These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathology/histological examinations of liver section. Results of this study revealed that plant extract could afford protection against lead-induced hepatic damage.     

Evaluation of hepatoprotective efficacy of Majoon‐e‐Dabeed‐ul‐ward against acetaminophen‐induced liver damage: A Unani herbal formulation

A Unani herbal formulation known as Majoon‐e‐Dabeed‐ul‐ward (MD) was evaluated for hepatoprotective effect against acetaminophen (APAP; 2 g/kg p.o.)‐induced liver damage. The latter was evidenced by elevated levels of aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), serum alkaline transaminase (SALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), bilirubin, albumin, urea, and creatinine in experimental animals. Increased levels of lipid peroxidation were associated with a concomitant decline in reduced glutathione levels, adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), and glucose‐6‐phosphatase (G‐6‐Pase) caused by APAP treatment. Treatment with MD (250,500, and 1,000 mg/kg p.o.) reverse the altered levels of AST, ALT, SALP, LDH, bilirubin, albumin, urea, and creatinine in a dose‐dependent manner. Significant restoration was found in LPO, GSH content and metabolic enzymes (ATPase and G‐6‐pase) were seen after therapy. The herbal formulation, MD showed hepatoprotective efficacy against APAP‐induced liver damage. Drug Dev Res 72: 346–352, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.     

褪黑素对免疫性肝损伤小鼠自由基和细胞因子的影响

目的　研究褪黑素对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用。方法　在诱导BCG +LPS免疫性肝损伤模型的基础上 ,用分光光度法检测血浆中ALT、AST、NO水平和肝匀浆MDA、SOD含量 ;L92 9细胞株法检测血浆中TNF α的生物学活性 ;胸腺细胞增殖法测定血浆中IL 1活性。结果　在BCG+LPS诱导的免疫性肝损伤中 ,褪黑素 (0 2 5 ,1,4mg·kg-1)ig预防给药均明显降低免疫性肝损伤小鼠增高的血浆ALT、AST活性 ,且以 1mg·kg-1的剂量作用最明显 ;并能减少肝匀浆MDA含量 ,使降低的肝匀浆SOD活性升高 ,抑制免疫性肝损伤小鼠血浆NO、TNF α和IL 1的升高。结论　褪黑素对小鼠免疫性肝损伤具保护作用     

Hesperidin a flavanoglycone protects against gamma-irradiation induced hepatocellular damage and oxidative stress in Sprague-Dawley rats

Oxidative stress plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of gamma-irradiation induced cellular damage and the administration of dietary antioxidants has been suggested to protect against the subsequent tissue damage. Here, we present the data to explore the hepatoprotective and antioxidant effect of hesperidin, a naturally occurring citrus flavanoglycone, against gamma-irradiation induced oxidative damage in the liver of rats. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to gamma-irradiation (1 Gy, 3 Gy and 5 Gy) and were administered hesperidin (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, b.w, orally) for 7 days post irradiation. The changes in body weight, liver weight, spleen index, serum and liver aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) and serum ceruloplasmin levels were determined along with differences in the liver histopathology. Liver thiobarbuturic acid reactive substance as an index for lipid peroxidation and the levels of enzymatic antioxidants like superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and the status of non-enzymatic antioxidants as an index for oxidative stress were also determined. Exposure to gamma-irradiation resulted in hepatocellular damage in a dose-dependent manner, featuring a significantly decreased body weight and liver weight and higher levels of serum AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and gamma-GT levels and a simultaneous decrease in their levels in the liver tissue. Oxidative stress was evidenced by elevated levels of lipid peroxidation and a decrease in the levels of key enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the liver. However, the gamma-irradiation induced toxic effects were dramatically and dose-dependently inhibited by hesperidin treatment as observed by the restoration in the altered levels of the marker enzymes, lipid peroxidation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. The results of the biochemical observations were supported by the histopathological findings. Thus, oral administration of hesperidin was found to offer protection against gamma-irradiation induced hepatocellular damage and oxidative stress in rats, probably by exerting a protective effect against hepatocellular necrosis via its free radical scavenging and membrane stabilizing ability.     

豹皮樟总黄酮对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎治疗作用及部分机制

目的研究豹皮樟总黄酮对大鼠非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)治疗作用,并初步探讨Toll样受体4(TLR4)在治疗中的作用。方法将SD大鼠随机分为5组:正常组、模型组及TFLC组(100、200、400 mg.kg-1)。除正常组外,其余各组每天给予脂肪乳剂灌胃连续10周,制备NASH模型。治疗组于造模第6周开始灌胃给予相应剂量的药物。实验10周后,检测血清ALT、AST、TC、TG、TNF-α及肝脏TC、TG含量、TLR4 mRNA和蛋白表达、NF-κB核蛋白表达,并行病理组织学检查。结果模型组大鼠血清ALT、AST、TG、TC、TNF-α水平及肝脏TC、TG含量明显升高,病理组织学检查显示模型组大鼠发生明显的肝细胞脂肪变性、炎症和坏死。TFLC能降低模型大鼠血清ALT、AST、TG、TC、TNF-α水平及肝脏TC、TG含量,病理组织学检查显示TFLC明显改善大鼠肝细胞脂肪变性及炎症程度减轻。进一步研究发现TFLC能明显抑制TLR4 mRNA和蛋白表达、NF-κB核蛋白水平。结论 TFLC对NASH有较好的治疗作用,且与抑制TLR4介导的细胞信号转导通路有关。     

Pomegranate peel extract prevents liver fibrosis in biliary-obstructed rats

Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) is a widely used plant that has high nutritional value. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of chronic administration of pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on liver fibrosis induced by bile duct ligation (BDL) in rats. PPE (50 mg kg(-1)) or saline was administered orally for 28 days. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were determined to assess liver function and tissue damage. Proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin 1 beta) in the serum and antioxidant capacity (AOC) were measured in plasma samples. Samples of liver tissue were taken for measurement of hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and collagen content. Production of reactive oxidants was monitored by chemiluminescence assay. Serum AST, ALT, LDH and cytokines were elevated in the BDL group compared with the control group; this increase was significantly decreased by PPE treatment. Plasma AOC and hepatic GSH levels were significantly depressed by BDL but were increased back to control levels in the PPE-treated BDL group. Increases in tissue MDA levels and MPO activity due to BDL were reduced back to control levels by PPE treatment. Similarly, increased hepatic collagen content in the BDL rats was reduced to the level of the control group with PPE treatment. Thus, chronic PPE administration alleviated the BDL-induced oxidative injury of the liver and improved the hepatic structure and function. It therefore seems likely that PPE, with its antioxidant and antifibrotic properties, may be of potential therapeutic value in protecting the liver from fibrosis and oxidative injury due to biliary obstruction.     

Hepatoprotective effect of Himoliv, a polyherbal formulation in rats

The effect of Himoliv (HV) was evaluated in carbon tetrachloride or paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Liver necrosis was produced by administering single dose of either carbon tetrachloride (CCl4, 1 ml/kg, 50% v/v with olive oil, s.c.) or paracetamol (PC, 1 g/kg, p.o.). The liver damage was evidenced by elevated levels of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and hepatic thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). HV pretreatment (0.5 and 1.0 ml/kg, p.o.) significantly (P < 0.001) reduced CCl4 or PC-induced elevations of the levels of SGOT, SGPT, ALP and TBARS, while the reduced concentration of SOD due to CCl4 or PC was reversed. Silymarin (25 mg/ kg, p.o.), a known hepatoprotective drug showed similar results.     

丹参与黄芪配伍对实验性肝纤维化作用的观察

目的 :观察丹参与黄芪配伍提取物对大鼠肝纤维化的作用及机制。方法 :采用 CCl4 复制大鼠肝纤维化模型 ,同时予以丹参与黄芪配伍提取物灌胃治疗 ,观察大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶 (AL T)、天门冬酸氨基转移酶 (AST)、白蛋白 (Alb)、肝组织羟脯氨酸 (Hyp)含量及肝组织病理改变。结果 :模型组大鼠 AL T、AST、Hyp显著升高 ,Alb显著降低 ,肝纤维化病变明显 ,给药组 AL T、AST、Hyp明显降低 ,Alb明显升高 ,与模型组比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1或 P <0 .0 5 ) ;并能明显减轻大鼠肝细胞损害和胶原纤维增生的程度。结论 :丹参与黄芪配伍提取物有较好的保护肝功能和防治肝纤维化作用     

Biochemical changes in the kidney and liver of rats following administration of ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava leaves

Furtherance to a previous report on the anti-trypanosomal properties of Psidium guajava aqueous leaf extract in rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei, we have evaluated the effects of the daily intraperitoneal administration of P. guajava leaf extract to rats on the activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the kidney, liver and serum. The results obtained revealed that the administration of the extract produced significant increase in the serum activities of AST, ALT, ALP and ACP when compared with the control (p < 0.05). Also AST, ALT and ALP and ACP activities in the tissues of animals administered the extract revealed inconsistent changes (p < 0.05) relative to control. The increase in the serum activity of ALP may be an indicator that there was a likely compromise to the integrity of the plasma membrane as a result of the ethanolic extract administration. This could have caused leakages of the other enzymes investigated, which may explain the corresponding increases in the serum activities of AST, ALT and ACP observed.     

五味子与黄芪多糖协同保护对乙酰氨基酚致小鼠急性肝损伤

目的：研究五味子提取物和黄芪多糖配伍后对对乙酰氨基酚引起小鼠急性肝损伤的协同保护作用及其机制。方法：以对乙酰氨基酚500mg／kg腹腔注射给药造成小鼠急性肝损伤模型,通过测定小鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）的活性、肝组织还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）和丙二醛（MDA）含量及观察肝组织病理学改变,以评价五味子提取物、黄芪多糖及其组合物对小鼠肝损伤的保护作用。结果：五味子提取物（270mg／kg）和黄芪多糖（900mg／kg）单独给药对对乙酰氨基酚肝损伤小鼠的血清ALT、AST和肝组织GSH和MDA没有显著性影响。30、90和270mg／kg五味子提取物分别与100、300和900mg／kg黄芪多糖配伍,可使对乙酰氨基酚肝损伤小鼠血清ALT、AST活性及肝组织MDA含量显著降低（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,肝组织GSH含量显著提高（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）,肝组织细胞的病变程度得到明显改善。在高剂量配伍下,各指标的五味子提取物和黄芪多糖间相互作用指数CDI均小于0．7。结论：五味子提取物和黄芪多糖通过协同提高对乙酰氨基酚致肝损伤小鼠肝脏的还原性谷胱甘肽和抗氧化水平,降低血清ALT和AST水平,减轻肝组织细胞的损伤。     

Protective effect of Asteracantha longifolia extract in mouse liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride and paracetamol

This study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Asteracantha longifolia Linn (Acanthaceae) plant extract on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)- and paracetamol-induced acute hepatotoxicity in mice. Hepatotoxicity was induced by the administration of a single intraperitoneal dose of CCl4 (0.5 mL kg(-1) CCl4 in olive oil) in one model and in the other by administration of paracetamol (300 mg kg(-1) in saline) orally, after a 16-h fast. An aqueous extract of the whole plant (0.9 g kg(-1)) was used on a pre- and post-treatment basis. Asteracantha reduced the alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level by 69.32% (P < 0.001) and increased the liver reduced glutathione level by 64.65% (P < 0.001) in the pre-treated group, 4 days after the administration of CCl4. A similar pattern was observed in the pre-treated group 4 h after the administration of paracetamol with a reduction in serum levels of ALT, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes by 65.04, 55.79 and 45.75% respectively (P < 0.001). Plant extract also increased the glutathione concentration of the liver significantly (P < 0.001). Histopathological studies also provided supportive evidence for results from the biochemical analysis with marked improvement in liver architecture being observed in the Asteracantha-treated groups. Pre-treatment showed better results than post-treatment in both hepatotoxic models. Overall results indicate that the aqueous extract of Asteracantha longifolia possesses hepatoprotective effects on CCl4- and paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.     

黄花远志根和叶提取物对急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的：研究黄花远志根和叶提取物对四氯化碳（CCl4）所致急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用。方法：采用 CCl4诱导化学性急性肝损伤模型,测定小鼠肝脏指数、血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）,观察小鼠肝脏病理学变化。结果：黄花远志根（4 g、2 g 生药／ kg）和叶（4 g、2 g 生药／ kg）提取物能显著降低 CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤ALT 和 AST 的升高,明显改善 CCl4对肝组织的病理损伤。结论：黄花远志根和叶对 CCl4致小鼠急性肝损伤具有保护作用。     

毛菊苣提取物对四氯化碳诱导大鼠肝纤维化的防治作用

目的 观察毛菊苣提取物抗慢性肝纤维化的作用。方法 将Wistar大鼠随机分为毛菊苣提取物低、中、高剂量（50、100、150 mg/kg）组,秋水仙碱（colchicine,0.5 mg/kg）组,模型组和正常组,ig给药。给药同时各组sc四氯化碳（CCl₄）造模,每周2次。于60 d后,检测大鼠血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、肝组织丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）、羟脯氨酸（Hyp）及肝组织病理变化。结果 与模型组比较,毛菊苣提取物低、中、高剂量组均能明显降低肝纤维化大鼠血清中ALT、AST的含量及肝组织中MDA和Hyp的含量（P＜0.01）,明显提高血清TP、ALB水平（P＜0.05、0.01）及肝组织GSH-Px活性（P＜0.01）;肝脏组织学检查表明,毛菊苣提取物可明显改善肝组织病理损伤程度,其作用呈一定的量效关系。结论 毛菊苣提取物对实验性慢性肝损伤具有保护肝细胞,减少肝损伤,抗肝纤维化作用。     

Influence of Casearia esculenta root extract on protein metabolism and marker enzymes in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The present study investigated the possible protective effects of Casearia esculenta root extract on certain biochemical markers in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. STZ treatment (50 mg/kg, ip) caused a hyperglycemic state, that led to various physiological and biochemical alterations. Blood levels of glucose, urea, uric acid and creatinine, plasma levels of albumin and albumin/globulin ratio and the activities of diagnostic marker enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT) in plasma, liver and kidney were markedly altered in STZ diabetic rats. Oral administration of C. esculenta (200 and 300 mg/kg) for 45 days restored all these biochemical parameters to near normal levels. Thus, the present results have shown that C. esculenta root extract has the antihyperglycemic effect and consequently may alleviate liver and renal damage associated with STZ-induced diabetes in rats.