胃癌形成中NF-κB的表达和其细胞凋亡及增殖的关系

目的研究胃癌(gastriccancer,GC)形成中核因子-κB(nuclearfactorκappaB,NF-κB)的表达规律与其细胞凋亡、增殖的关系,探讨NF-κB在GC形成中的可能作用机制。方法采用免疫组化染色法(SABC法)和原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测15例正常胃黏膜(normalgastricmucosa,NGM)、30例胃黏膜肠上皮化生(intestinalmetaplasia,IM)、30例异型增生(Dysplasia,Dys)和40例GC组织中NF-κBp65、增殖细胞核抗原(proliferatingcellnuclearantigen,PCNA)阳性表达和细胞凋亡情况。结果在NGM→IM→Dys→GC的形成过程中,NF-κBp65的表达呈递增趋势,其阳性表达GC组(62.50%)和NGM组(6.70%),GC组和IM组(20.00%)差别均有显著性(P<0.05)。GC组细胞凋亡指数(apoptoticindex,AI)显著低于其他各组(P<0.01)。细胞增殖指数(proliferationindex,PI)则呈递增趋势,GC组与各组比较差异有显著性(P<0.01)。在不同程度癌前病变中NF-κBp65的表达差异无显著性(P>0.05)。从NGM→IM,NF-κBp65与AI呈正相关(r为0.52,P<0.05);从Dys→GC,与AI负相关(r为-0.49,P<0.05)。在GC形成整个过程中,NF-κBp65与PI呈正相关(r为0.57)。结论在GC形成过程中,NF-κBp65的表达呈递增趋势;NF-κB的表达上调可能是GC形成的早期事件;NF-κB在GC形成的不同阶段均有促进细胞增殖作用,但对细胞凋亡的作用不同,早期促进细胞凋亡,后期抑制细胞凋亡。     

胃癌形成中Hp感染与其细胞凋亡和增殖的关系

目的 研究胃癌（gastriccancer，GC）形成中胃幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacterpylori，Hp）感染规律与其细胞凋亡、增殖的关系，探讨Hp在GC形成中的可能作用机制。方法 采用免疫组织化学染色法（SABC法）和末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶（TDT）介导的dUTP缺口标记法（TUNEL）检测15例正常胃黏膜（normalgastricmucosa，NGM）、30例胃黏膜肠上皮化生（intesunal metaplasia，IM）、30例异型增生（Dysplasia，Dys）和40例GC组织中增殖细胞核抗原（proliferating cellnuclear antigen，PCNA）阳性袁达和细胞凋亡情况，用Warthin—Starry染色方法、快速尿素酶试纸检测组织中Hp感染率。结果在NGM→IM→Dy→Gc的形成过程中，Hp感染随着GC形成中病变恶性程度的加重而明显上升，Hp感染率在IM（66．7％）、Dys（83．3％）、GC（60．0％）中显著高于NGM（20．0％）。IM组Hp阳性者AI、PI均明显高于Hp阴性者（p〈0．01），其余3组差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。结论 Hp感染可能参与胃癌癌前病变乃至胃癌的发生，Hp感染促进胃黏膜细胞凋亡、增殖作用主要发生在胃癌癌前病变早期阶段。     

NF-kB及ICAM-1在非小细胞肺癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨核因子NF-kB（nuclear factor of kappa B，NF-kB）及细胞间粘附分子-1（intercellular adhesion molecule-1，ICAM-1）在非小细胞肺癌（non-small cell lung cancer，NSCLC）中的表达及其临床意义。方法 采用免疫组织化学SABC技术，检测NF-k Bp65及ICAM-1在40例非小细胞肺癌石蜡包埋组织标本中的表达，并比较二者与临床多种因素（包括性别、年龄、组织学类型、分化程度、瘤体大小、TNM分期、吸烟指数及远处转移）的关系，以40例肺部非恶性组织标本为对照。结果 肺癌组织中NF-k Bp65及ICAM-1的表达明显高于其在非恶性肺组织中的表达（P〈0．01）。肺癌组织中NF-kB p65和ICAM-1在腺癌中的表达明显高于鳞癌（P〈0．01）；ICAM-1在低分化肺癌组织中的表达比在高一中分化组织中显著增强（P〈0．05）；NF-kB p65和ICAM-1的表达在有远处转移时比无远处转移时显著性增强（P〈0．01）；而在不同年龄、性别、瘤体大小、临床分期及吸烟指数的肺癌组织中NF-k Bp65和ICAM-1的表达没有显著性差异（P〉0．05）；非小细胞肺癌组织中，NF-k Bp65的表达与ICAM-1的表达呈正相关（P〈0．01）。结论 NF-k Bp65及ICAM-1在非小细胞肺癌中有高表达；且其表达与肺癌的浸润转移密切相关；同时在非小细胞肺癌组织中NF-k Bp65的表达与ICAM-1的表达呈正相关。     

NF—κBp 65和HIF-1α在宫颈鳞癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的探讨宫颈鳞癌组织中NF-κBp65、HIF-1α的蛋白表达水平及临床病理意义。方法采用免疫组织化学（PowerVision TM）二步法对56例宫颈鳞癌和25例正常宫颈组织进行NF—κBp65、HIF-1α蛋白检测。结果宫颈鳞癌组织NF—κBp65、HIF-1α的表达均高于对照组正常宫颈组织（P〈0．01）。NF—κBp65的蛋白表达与患者的病理分级及有无淋巴转移存在相关性（P〈0．05）；HIF-1α的蛋白表达与患者的临床分期及有无淋巴转移存在相关性（P〈0．05）。NF—κBp65和HIF-1α的蛋白表达呈正相关（r=0．439，P〈0．01）。结论联合检测NF—κBp65和HIF-1α蛋白表达对诊断宫颈鳞癌的意义优于单纯检测NF—κBp65或HIF-1α蛋白表达。     

胃癌及前病变中 Survivin 和 COX-2 蛋白的表达及其与Hp感染的关系

[目的]分析胃癌及癌前病变survivin、COX-2蛋白表达与幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori Hpylori）感染的关系,探讨胃癌发病的可能机制。[方法]收集胃癌标本51例,非癌胃黏膜标本47例,应用快速尿素酶试验与W-S银染色法将各种病变分为Hp感染阳性组和阴性组,应用免疫组化sP法对各种病变survivin、COX-2蛋白的表达进行检测。采用X^2检验进行数据分析。[结果]Survivin蛋白的表达从慢性浅表性胃炎（CSG）到胃癌（Gc）逐渐增加,其中慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）组明显低于肠化生（IM）、不典型增生（Dys）和胃癌（GC）组（Survivin 30．5％VS60．0％、62．5％、70．6％,P〈0．05）,而IM、Dys组与GC组差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）;COX-2蛋白在CSG、CAG、IM、Dys、GC中的表达率分别为0％、23．1％、60．0％、50．0％、68．6％。其中,CAG组亦明显低于IM、Dys、GC组（P〈0．05）,而IM、Dys组与GC组差异无显著性意义（P〉0．05）。在GC组,Hp阳性者Survivin、COX-2表达明显高于Hp阴性者（Survivin 70．6％ vs 29．4％,COX-268．6％ vs 31．4％,P〈0．01）。[结论]Survivin、COX-2可能参与胃癌的早期形成,Hp感染可能是其过度表达的机制之一。     

TLR4与NF-kB在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的检测TLR4与NF—kB在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织和正常肺组织中的表达情况,探讨其临床意义。方法采用免疫组化方法检测TLR4与NF—kB在49例非小细胞肺癌组织和20例癌旁正常肺组织中的表达,分析TLR4和NF—kB与非小细胞肺癌病理分级。临床分期、淋巴结转移等的相关性以及TLR4和NF—kB之间的相关性。结果TLR4和NF—kB在NSCLC组织中的表达阳性率分别为55．1％和69．4％,均显著高于正常肺组织中的15％和10％（P〈0．05）。同时还发现TLR4的表达与肿瘤的分化程度密切相关（P〈0．05）,NF—kB在腺癌中的表达明显高于鳞癌（P〈0．05）,TLR4和NF—kB的表达呈正相关（P〈0．05）。结论TLR4与NF—kB可能在NSCLC的发生、发展过程中起重要作用。     

汉防己甲素对白血病耐药细胞株K562/A02核因子κB表达的影响

目的：通过研究汉防己甲素（tetrandrine，Tet）对白血病细胞株K562及其耐药细胞株K562／A02核因子kB（nuclear factor-kaPPaB，NF-kB）表达的影响，探讨Tet逆转多药耐药的作用机制。方法：采用免疫细胞化学及蛋白印迹法分别检测1umol／L Tet作用K562和K562／A02细胞6h和12h舌，细胞NF-kB核转位水平和胞核NF—kB蛋白表达的变化。结果：Tet作用6h和12h后，对K562细胞的NF-kB核转位水平及胞核NF—kB蛋白表达均无明显影响（P〉0．05）；K562／A02细胞NF—kB核转位水平及胞核NF—kB蛋白表达明显高于K562细胞对照组（P〈0．01）；Tet作用6h和12h后，可明显降低K562／A02细胞NF-kB蛋白核转位（P〈0．05）和胞核NF—kB蛋白表达水平（P〈0．01）。作用12h较作用6h效果更显著（P〈0．05）。结论：1umol／L Tet可能通过抑制NF—kB活化逆转K562／A02细胞多药耐药性。     

胃癌及癌前病变中的细胞凋亡与Bcl-2蛋白、P糖蛋白的表达及相关性研究

目的：探讨胃癌及癌前病变中细胞凋亡及Bcl-2蛋白与P糖蛋白（P－glycoprotein,P-gp)表达的变化规律及相互关系。方法：采用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶（TdT)介导的dUTP缺口原位末端标记法（TUNEL）与免疫组织化学S－P法，分别检测细胞凋亡指数（Apoptotic Index,AI)及Bcl-2蛋白和P糖蛋白的表达。结果：AI和Bcl-2蛋白，P－gp的表达在30例慢性浅表性胃炎（CSG），11例慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG），12例重度肠上皮化生（IM）三种吵的比较差异无显著性（P＞0．05），而在12例IM，13例中重度不典型增生（Dys),32例胃癌（GC）三组中的比较差异有显著性（P＜0．05），AI依次减少，Bcl-2蛋白与P－糖蛋白表达依次增加，AI与Bcl-2蛋白，P糖蛋白表达呈负相关（P＜0．05），Bcl-2蛋白与P糖蛋白呈正相关（P＜0．05），结论：癌前病变转化为胃癌与细胞凋亡与Bcl-2蛋白，P－gp的表达变化有关，同时P－gp,Bcl-2蛋白具有抗凋亡，耐药的双重作用，P－gp与Bcl-2蛋白可能存在协同作用。     

NF—kB、VEGF在胃不典型增生、胃癌中的表达及其意义

目的探讨细胞核因子-kB（NF—kB）、血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）在胃不典型增生及胃癌中的表达、相互关系及在胃癌发生中的作用。方法采用免疫组化Power Vision两步法对84例胃癌和54例胃不典型增生组织中NF—kB、VEGF的表达进行检测，并对其与临床病理因素之间的关系进行分析。结果NF—kB、VEGF在84例胃癌组织中阳性表达率分别为59．52％、61．90％，在33例胃轻度不典型增生组织中阳性表达率分别为24．24％、33.33％，NF—kB、VEGF在胃癌与轻度不典型增生组之间存在统计学差异（P〈0．05）。NF—kB表达与肿瘤的大小相关，VEGF表达与肿瘤大小、淋巴结转移、肿瘤浸润深度相关（P〈0．05）。NF—kB与VEGF之间存在相关关系（P〈0．05）。结论在胃癌中NF—kB可以通过上调VEGF的表达影响肿瘤血管的形成，进而促进肿瘤的生长、浸润、转移。     

汉防己甲素对白血病耐药细胞株K562／A02核因子kB表达的影响

目的：通过研究汉防己甲素（tetrandrine,Tet）对白血病细胞株K562及其耐药细胞株K562／A02核因子kB（nuclear factor-kaPPaB,NF-kB）表达的影响,探讨Tet逆转多药耐药的作用机制。方法：采用免疫细胞化学及蛋白印迹法分别检测1umol／L Tet作用K562和K562／A02细胞6h和12h舌,细胞NF-kB核转位水平和胞核NF—kB蛋白表达的变化。结果：Tet作用6h和12h后,对K562细胞的NF-kB核转位水平及胞核NF—kB蛋白表达均无明显影响（P〉0．05）;K562／A02细胞NF—kB核转位水平及胞核NF—kB蛋白表达明显高于K562细胞对照组（P〈0．01）;Tet作用6h和12h后,可明显降低K562／A02细胞NF-kB蛋白核转位（P〈0．05）和胞核NF—kB蛋白表达水平（P〈0．01）。作用12h较作用6h效果更显著（P〈0．05）。结论：1umol／L Tet可能通过抑制NF—kB活化逆转K562／A02细胞多药耐药性。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.