全血室温放置过夜对血浆制品质量的影响

目的探讨全血室温放置过夜制备的24h冰冻血浆(FP24)质量。方法选取12份自愿捐献的400ml新鲜全血放置室温,将每份全血(采集6相似文献   

The effect of storing whole blood at 22 degrees C for up to 24 hours with and without rapid cooling on the quality of red cell concentrates and fresh-frozen plasma

BACKGROUND: Storage of whole blood (WB) for less than 24 hours at ambient temperature is permitted in Europe, but data directly comparing storage with and without active cooling are lacking, which was investigated and compared to current standard methods. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: WB was stored in one of four different ways for 24 hours after donation before processing on Day 1 to red cell concentrates (RCCs) in saline‐adenine‐glucose‐mannitol and fresh‐frozen plasma (FFP; n = 20 each): 1) at 22°C in plastic trays, 2) in cooling devices (Compocool II, NPBI), 3) at 4°C, or 4) processed from WB without storage less than 8 hours from donation (Day 0). RESULTS: 2,3‐Diphosphoglycerate (2,3‐DPG) in RCCs were lower after ambient storage compared with those processed on Day 0 or after 4°C storage. Rapid cooling slowed the loss of 2,3‐DPG but levels were undetectable by Day 21 with any method. On Day 42 of RCC storage, there was no significant difference between storage methods in levels of adenosine triphosphate or hemolysis. Potassium levels were lower in RCCs from WB stored at ambient compared with those produced on Day 0, regardless of the use of cooling plates. FFP produced from WB on Day 0 or after storage at ambient with or without active cooling met UK specifications (>75% of units >0.70 IU/mL Factor VIII). CONCLUSION: These data suggest that RCCs and FFP produced from WB that has been stored at ambient temperature with or without active cooling are of acceptable quality compared with those produced using current standard methods in the United Kingdom.     

Coagulation parameters of CPD fresh-frozen plasma and CPD cryoprecipitate-poor plasma after storage at 4 degrees C for 28 days

A pilot study was performed on the storage of plasma and cryosupernatant plasma at 4 degrees C for up to 28 days. Eight bags, four of CPD fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) and four of CPD cryosupernatant plasma (CSP, plasma without cryoprecipitate), were sampled during storage for assays of pH; factors V, VIII, IX, and XI; fibrinogen; prothrombin time; activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT); plasma protein electrophoresis; viscosity; and C1q binding. No changes were found in viscosity or the plasma protein electrophoretic pattern, and there was no detectable immune complex formation. The fibrinogen concentration remained constant, and the prothrombin time showed a gradual increase of 2.5 seconds for both groups of plasma. The labile coagulation factor V decreased gradually for FFP and CSP to 58 and 64 percent of its initial value, respectively (51 +/− 8% and 54 +/− 6% of the value of fresh pooled plasma). Factor VIII decreased to 36 percent of its initial value in FFP (48 +/− 14% of fresh pooled plasma). In CSP, factor VIII decreased after 28 days to 7 percent of its initial value (7 +/− 1% of fresh pooled plasma). The APTT increased for FFP from 28 to 35.8 +/− 1.1 seconds and for CSP from 36 to 49.5 +/− 4.9 seconds. The only chemical change observed for both plasmas was a rise in pH, from 7.27 to 7.56, after 28 days. The results of this pilot study indicate that FFP can be stored at 4 degrees C for 28 days with sufficient recovery of coagulation factors to maintain hemostasis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Growth of bacteria in platelet concentrates obtained from whole blood stored for 16 hours at 22 degrees C before component preparation

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that cooling whole blood to 22 degrees C immediately after collection allows it to be held for up to 16 hours before component preparation (overnight-hold method) without a significant decrease in the quality of components obtained. A study was designated to evaluate the effect of the overnight-hold method on the growth of bacteria in experimentally contaminated blood units. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Twenty whole-blood units were inoculated with Staphylococcus epidermidis (300 colony-forming units [CFU]/mL; n = 10) or Escherichia coli (50 CFU/mL; n = 10) immediately after collection. Half the units of each group were fractionated 6 hours after collection and the other half after storage for 16 hours at 22 degrees C. Twenty additional whole-blood units were divided in two equal parts, one of which was white cell reduced before inoculation. These 40 half-units were inoculated with S. epidermidis or E. coli and processed by the overnight-hold method. The growth of bacteria was assessed in platelet concentrates on the second and fifth days of storage, in packed red cells on Day 35, and in fresh-frozen plasma after 60 days. RESULTS: No bacteria growth was detected in plasma or red cell units. On the second day of storage, both bacteria strains grew more slowly in platelet concentrates obtained from blood processed by the overnight-hold method. This difference disappeared for S. epidermidis on the fifth day. When white cell-reduced and non-white cell-reduced whole-blood units were compared, platelet concentrates from the latter showed a delayed growth of both bacterial strains on the second and fifty days of storage. CONCLUSION: Prolonged storage of whole-blood units at 22 degrees C before component preparation delays bacteria growth. This effect seems to be mediated by white cells.     

Plasma and cryoprecipitate manufactured from whole blood held overnight at room temperature meet quality standards

BACKGROUND: With buffy coat (BC) processing of whole blood (WB) donations, the preparation of plasma occurs within 24 hours rather than 8 hours of collection. The effect of this change on coagulation factor function in plasma and cryoprecipitate was evaluated during the validation of this production method and with routine production. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Plasma frozen after an overnight hold of WB was prepared via BC or whole blood filtration (WBF) methods and quality control (QC) variables were measured. Additionally, plasma prepared with the BC method was compared to plasma produced using the platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) method with an extended plasma factor analysis. Selected plasma factor levels were also measured in both cryoprecipitate and cryosupernatant plasma prepared using the WBF method from plasma frozen on the day of collection or after an overnight hold of WB. RESULTS: When comparing BC plasma to PRP plasma, coagulation factors (F)II, VII, VIII, IX, X, and XI had somewhat lower levels, and fibrinogen and antithrombin levels were elevated. As expected the most sensitive to the prolongation of production time was FVIII with 72 and 78% of the activity of PRP plasma and cryoprecipitate, respectively. However, both still met QC standards. Similarly, products made in routine production show acceptable levels of FVIII. CONCLUSION: Plasma and cryoprecipitate products, prepared using methods in which the plasma is frozen close to 24 hours after collection, meet current quality standards. The longer WB storage time has been implemented into general use in Canada.     

Logistics of platelet production: platelet concentrate from one-day-old blood stored at 10 degrees C

Platelet concentrates were prepared from blood stored at 18 to 20 hours at either 10 ± 2 degrees C or 16 ± 2 degrees C. Platelets prepared from blood stored at 10 degrees C had good in vitro properties. The results were not distinguishable from those obtained with freshly- isolated platelets. The in vivo effectiveness of platelets prepared in this manner must be established.     

The fate of bacteria introduced into whole blood from which platelet concentrates were prepared and stored at 22 or 4C

Bacteria were intentionally introduced into units of whole blood. Platelet concentrates (PC) which were made from these units were stored at either room temperature (22 C) or at 4 C. In order to isolate small numbers of bacteria from a PC (i.e., 1 to 10 organisms per ml), substantial contamination (42 to 125 organisms per ml) of the whole blood was required. If the PC were stored at room temperature, all organisms except Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which was apparently killed, grew out of control within 48 hours. Storage of PC at 4 C resulted in the general maintenance of bacterial numbers. Since gross contamination of PC has only occasionally been reported, we conclude that past reports of modest contamination of platelet concentrates are primarily sampling artifacts.     

Stability of imipenem in Mueller-Hinton agar stored at 4 degrees C.

The purpose of the present study was to measure the stability of imipenem in Mueller-Hinton agar stored at 4 degrees C over time. MICs for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Streptococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 were determined in triplicate daily for up to 15 days. The calculated mean time to observe a shift of one dilution in MIC endpoints was 4.33 +/- 1.25 days. For routine work, imipenem agar dilution plates should be prepared within 48 to 72 h of the test.     

Serotonin uptake at 22 degrees C of stored platelets

In order to ascertain the possibility that platelet serotonin uptake may occur during storage of platelet concentrates (PC) at 22 degrees C with agitation, the high-performance liquid chromatographic procedure was applied to determine serotonin uptake by platelets. Studies at 22 degrees C showed that platelets stored for 4 days exhibited a significant serotonin uptake with a Vmax value of 2.4 X 10(-19) mole/platelet/min and a Km value of 0.62 X 10(-6) M. Incubation of PC with 5 X 10(-6) M serotonin for 1 day at 22 degrees C increased their serotonin contents from 2.2 to 4.2 X 10(-7) mole/10(11) platelets. Thrombin stimulation caused about 80% release of intracellular serotonin from fresh as well as stored platelets, which contained standard serotonin in the same amount as the original amount. These results suggest that a significant serotonin uptake of platelets might occur during in vitro storage at 22 degrees C and stored platelets have retained abilities to sequester extracellular serotonin into dense granules.     

原料全血30℃保存24 h后制备的悬浮红细胞和血浆质量变化情况的初步研究

目的将全血分别在冷藏(4±2)℃与室温(30±1)℃条件下保存24 h,比较2种温度条件下由全血分离所得的悬浮红细胞及血浆在保存期内的质量变化。方法本次研究纳入20名健康无偿献血者,每人献400 mL全血,将其分成2份,每份200 mL。对照组在冷藏条件下保存;实验组在室温条件下保存,于24 h后将2组全血离心,分离血浆入转移袋,加入50 mL MAP红细胞保存液,制备得到悬浮红细胞。2组悬浮红细胞均放置在冷藏条件下保存,于保存d 1、7、14、21、35分别无菌取样检测Hb、Hct、MCV、溶血率、pH、K~+、葡萄糖、ATP、2,3-DPG、红细胞渗透脆性值等指标;2组血浆分别于全血采集1 h后及全血保存24 h后进行无菌取样,检测Ⅷ因子含量。结果分离所得血浆在全血采集1 h后与保存24 h后Ⅷ因子含量无明显变化。在35 d保存期内,悬浮红细胞的Hb、Hct和MCV值无显著性差异;d 35,研究发现实验组红细胞渗透脆性高于对照组(4.9±0.2 vs 4.7±0.2;P<0.05);2组溶血率、K+值随保存时间延长而增加,分别于d 7、14、21、35;d 1、7、14、21组间有显著性差异(0.29±0.14 vs 0.11±0.09、0.39±0.22 vs 0.18±0.08、0.80±0.22 vs 0.24±0.07、0.93±0.22 vs 0.38±0.11;10.5±1.2 vs 5.4±0.7、21.7±2.0 vs 18.6±2.6、24.8±1.6 vs 22.7±2.7、29.2±2.5 vs 27.1±2.8;P均<0. 05);2组ATP、2,3-DPG、葡萄糖、pH值随保存时间延长而下降,分别于d 14、21、35;d 1、7、14;d 1、7、14、21、35;d 1、7、21组间有显著性差异(4.2±0.2 vs 4.7±0.2、3.6±0.2 vs 4.5±0.2、3.1±0.3 vs 3.9±0.2;1.96±0.44 vs 10.67±0.87、1.33±0.34 vs 3.27±0.88、0.82±0.29 vs 1.49±0.45;23.2±1.1 vs 29.4±1.5、22.0±1.3 vs 27.4±1.1、21.5±0.8 vs 25.1±1.1、18.7±1.5 vs 22.8±1.2、16.1±1.8 vs 19.1±1.7;6.8±0.1 vs 7.0±0.1、6.7±0.1 vs 6.8±0.1、6.4±0.1 vs 6.5±0;P均<0.05)。结论与冷藏(4±2)℃保存条件下相比,全血在室温(30±1)℃保存24 h后进行离心制备,35 d保存期内的溶血率增加,2,3-DPG值下降;而分离所得血浆在全血采集1 h后与保存24 h后Ⅷ因子含量无明显变化。本研究为相关标准或规程的制定提供参考依据或以此来指导临床用血。     

Increased transmigration of G-CSF-mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cells after overnight storage at 37 degrees C

BACKGROUND: G-CSF-mobilized PBPCs are utilized in allogeneic and autologous PBPC transplants. Homing, adhesion, and transmigration of hematopoietic CD34+ cells are required for successful engraftment. Hematopoietic CD34+ cells undergo directional migration toward the CXCR4 receptor ligand stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1). Limited data are available on the effects of liquid storage and cryopreservation on PBPC CD34+ cells. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Magnetic-assisted cell sorting (MACS)-selected CD34+ cells were assayed for retention of in vitro transmigration and phenotypic changes of unit-matched liquid-stored and cryopreserved PBPC samples from healthy donors. Studies evaluated whether transmigration of CD34+ cells in Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium plus 1 percent HSA alone or in medium supplemented with SCF or allogeneic plasma was affected by overnight incubation at 37 degrees C, relative to nonincubated conditions. RESULTS: Transmigration was maintained during liquid storage at 1 to 6 degrees C during a 2-day period and in unit-matched cryopreserved-thawed samples that had been initially liquid stored. Overnight incubation at 37 degrees C of MACS-selected unit-matched liquid-stored or cryopreserved-thawed CD34+ cells resulted in substantially increased transmigration, in particular with noncoated filters chemoattracted with the chemokine SDF-1. CONCLUSION: CD34+ cell transmigration was comparable between liquid-stored and cryopreserved samples, and both demonstrated similar increases after overnight incubation at 37 degrees C.     

Effects of the addition of second-messenger effectors to platelet concentrates separated from whole-blood donations and stored at 4 degrees C or -80 degrees C

BACKGROUND: Platelet concentrates (PCs) are currently stored at 22 degrees C under continuous agitation. Because of the potential risk of the overgrowth of bacteria in case of contamination, PC shelf life is limited to 5 days. A mixture of second-messenger effectors is being evaluated to determine if it has benefits for cold liquid storage and cryopreservation of platelets. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: PCs separated from whole-blood donations by the buffy coat method were randomly assigned (n = 6 each) to be stored for 5 days at 22 degrees C under continuous agitation or at 4 degrees C after treatment with a platelet storage medium (ThromboSol, LifeCell Corp. ). PCs were also cryopreserved with 6-percent DMSO (final concentration) or with ThromboSol plus 2-percent DMSO (final concentration) (TC). After storage, platelets were analyzed by flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, and aggregation and perfusion techniques. RESULTS: Cold liquid storage of ThromboSol-treated platelets resulted in a lower binding of coagulation factor Va on the platelet surface than on platelets stored at 22 degrees C. In transmission electron microscopy, a conversion to spherical morphology was seen in the case of cold liquid storage. No difference between ThromboSol-treated platelets stored at 4 degrees C and platelets stored at 22 degrees C was seen in perfusion studies. Cryopreservation in the presence of TC prevented the reduction in glycoprotein Ib and IV expression on platelet surface that is seen in 6-percent DMSO-cryopreserved platelets. Platelets cryopreserved in TC covered, by thrombus, a significantly greater percentage of the perfused surface after the freezing and thawing process. CONCLUSION: ThromboSol-treated PCs separated from whole-blood donations by the buffy coat method, stored at 4 degrees C for 5 days, or cryopreserved in the presence of TC, maintained in vitro functional activity comparable to that achieved by current methods of storage, although discoid morphology was not preserved during cold liquid storage with ThromboSol.