冠状粥动脉样硬化性疾病患者肺炎衣原体抗体检测

目的 为探索肺炎衣原体（Ｃｐｎ）和冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病之间的关系。方法 应用间接微量免疫荧光试验分别检测了６１例冠心病患者与６１例正常对照组血清中抗ＣｐｎＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ抗体。结果 患者组ＩｇＧ抗体阳性率为７８．７％,对照组为５４．１％;ＩｇＭ抗体阳性率分别为２６．２％和６．６％。两组ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ抗体阳性率差异均有显著性（Ｐ〈０．０１）。此外,两组ＩｇＧ抗体的几何平均滴度差异尤具有显著性。结论     

武汉地区医院病人弓形虫感染情况调查

应用酶联免疫吸附试验，对武汉地区７５１例医院病人进行了弓形虫特异抗体ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＭ和循环抗原ＣＡｇ的检测，共检出阳性２２９例，总阳性率为３０．４９％，其中ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＭ和ＣＡｇ的单项阳性率分别为１３．５８％，７．３２％和３．２０％，三项中两项了性的阳性率分别为３．５６％（ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＭ）０．８０％（ＩｇＭ，ＣＡｇ）１．４６％（ＩｇＧ，ＣＡｇ），三项均阳性５例，阳性率为０．６７％，结果表明，医院病人     

武汉地区医院病人弓形虫感染情况调查

应用酶联免疫吸附试验，对武汉地区７５１例医院病人进行了弓形虫特异性抗体ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ和循环抗原ＣＡｇ的检测，共检出阳性２２９例，总阳性率为３０．４９％．其中ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ和ＣＡｇ的单项阳性率分别为１３．５８％，７．３２％和３．２０％；三项中两项阳性的阳性率分别为３．５６％（ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＭ），０．８０％（ＩｇＭ，ＣＡｇ），１．４６％（ＩｇＧ，ＣＡｇ）；三项均阳性５例，阳性率为０．６７％。结果表明：医院病人中弓形虫感染较普遍，感染率在各病种之间有明显差异，但与病人的年龄、性别、职业及有无猫、狗类动物接触史无明显关系。     

血清抗脂阿拉伯甘露聚糖及38kDa抗体的检测对涂阴肺结核及肺外结核诊断价

目的 评估血清抗脂阿拉伯甘露聚糖３８ｋＤａ抗体（ＬＡＭ－３８ｋＤａ－ＩｇＧ）检测对涂阴肺结核和肺外结核的诊断价值。方法 采用斑点免疫金渗滤法检测５７例涂阴肺结核，５２例肺外结核，３２例涂阳肺结核，２９例肺癌患者及３３例正常人血清中的ＬＡＭ－３８ｋＤａ－ＩｇＧ。结果 涂阴肺结核组ＬＡＭ－３８ｋＤａ－ＩｇＧ阳性率为７３．７％，其中痰结核杆菌涂（－）培（＋）组为８４．６％，涂（－）培（－）组为７０．５％；肺外结核组阳性率为７１．２％；涂（＋）肺结核组阳性率９３．８％；肺癌组假阳性率３１％；健康组假阳性率９．１％。结论 提示血清ＬＡＭ－３８ｋＤａ－ＩｇＧ测定对涂阴肺结核和肺外结核有一定的辅助诊断价值。     

人体囊虫病发病过程中IgE和IgG介导的免疫反应

本文对３５例混合型囊虫病患者的血清进行了多项有关ＩｇＥ和ＩｇＧ介导的免疫反应指标的检测。实验结果显示，患者的总ＩｇＥ水平（２．４０±１．４０ｍｇ／Ｌ）、特异性ＩｇＥ的阳性率（８８．５７％）、组织胺含量（５．３０±２．４０μｇ／ｍｌ）、间接非特异性肥大细胞脱颗粒的阳性率（８８．５７％）、间接特异性肥大细胞脱颗粒的阳性率（４２．８５％）、总ＩｇＧ水平（１８．２３±６．４５ｇ／Ｌ）和特异性ＩｇＧ的阳性率（９１．４３％）均非常显著地高于正常对照组相应指标的检测结果；而患者血清中Ｃ３水平（１３４２．５０±４６７．９０ｍｇ／Ｌ）却明显低于献血员的测定值。上述结果说明，囊虫的可溶性抗原能够强有力地诱导Ｂ淋巴细胞产生ＩｇＥ和ＩｇＧ，从而诱发这两种抗体介导的免疫反应。     

抗戊型肝炎病毒IgG和IgM抗体对诊断急性戊型肝炎的意义

目的 探讨抗戊型肝炎病毒（ＨＥＶ）ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ抗体对诊断急性戊型肝炎（ＨＥ）的意义。方法 应用酶联免疫法（ＥＩＡ）检测我国７个城市共计１４３例散发性ＨＥ病人急性期血清和其中５６例病人的３５９份系列血清,以及４只实验感染ＨＥＶ猕猴的６８份系列血清的抗－ＨＥＶＩｇＭ和ＩｇＧ。结果 ７个城市１４３例散发性ＨＥ病人急性期血清抗－ＨＥＶＩｇＧ阳性率为１００．０％,明显高于抗－ＨＥＶＩｇＭ（７３．４％）,９     

脑囊虫病人血清特异IgG4测定

应用ＭｃＡｂ－ＥＬＩＳＡ检测脑囊虫病人血清特异性ＩｇＧ４抗体,检出率为９３．８３％（１５２／１６２）,ＧＭＲＴ为１：１４２４。其中重度囊虫感染病人的特异ＩｇＧ４检出率为１００％（２９／２９）,ＧＭＲＴ为１：２０９５;中度感染病人为９５．４５％（６３／６６）,ＧＭＲＴ为１：１５１０;轻度感染病人为８９．５５％（６０／６７）;ＧＭＲＴ为１：４００。显示血清特异ＩｇＧ４检出率降为３８．４６％（１０／２６     

ELISA对幽门螺杆菌感染血清IgG,IgA,IgM抗体检测的诊断价值

应用酶联免疫吸附试验（ＥＬＩＳＡ）对无选择性作内镜检查的９０例患者血清，分别作抗ＨＰＩｇＧ，ＩｇＡ，ＩｇＭ特异性抗体的检测，同时与胃粘膜活检组织块的镜检，培养，快速尿素酶试验的结果进行比较。ＥＬＩＳＡ检测结果显示血清ＩｇＧ，ＩｇＡ，ＩｇＭ抗体的阳性率分虽为７１．１％（６４／９０），５６．６％（５１／９０），５６．６％（５１／９０），ＩｇＧ检出率均高于检法６５．６％％（５９／９０），尿素酶试验５５．     

IFAT检测登革热IgM抗体的初步探讨

目的探讨用间接免疫荧光试验（ＩＦＡＴ）检测登革热ＩｇＭ抗体。方法采集１９９５年７～１１月份广东省登革热Ⅰ型流行期间疑似患者发病１～７ｄ血清６２份,用ＩＦＡＴ检测登革热ＩｇＭ抗体。结果阳性率为２４．１９％（１５／６２）,发病４～５ｄ的阳性率最高为４０．００％以上。ＩｇＭ阳性滴度在１∶１０～１∶４０之间,多数为１∶１０（８／１５）。本法与乙脑血清有交叉反应,与其他非登革热血清无交叉反应。在发病５～６ｄ的患者中可同时检测出登革热的ＩｇＭ和ＩｇＧ抗体。结论发病１～３ｄ的血清可进行病毒分离,４～６ｄ的血清可检测ＩｇＭ抗体,如阴性则再检测ＩｇＧ,以提高登革热的检出率。     

肺孢子虫病实验与临床研究 Ⅱ．免疫印迹试验检测人血清肺孢子虫抗体

采用ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析鼠源卡氏肺孢子虫包囊可溶性抗原呈现２０条以上多肽区带，主带分子量分别为＞１００、８５－９４、６７、５２和３４ｋＤａ。ＥＩＴＢ检测表明重庆地区健康人血清中存在识别１１０、１０５、８５、６７、５２和４６ｋＤａ的ＩｇＧ型抗体，抗体阳性率为５６．７％（５９／１０４）。其中８５ｋＤａ抗原能与抗人源肺孢子虫单克隆抗体２Ｇ２起反应。健康人血清抗８５ｋＤａ抗原的抗体阳性率为３７．５％（３９／１０４），但ＩｇＭ型抗体均为阴性。另外检测７例确诊的卡氏肺孢子虫病患者，４例血清ＩｇＧ型抗体阳性，其中３例抗８５ｋＤａＩｇＧ型抗体阳性。     

Distribution of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne arboviruses in Yunnan Province near the China-Myanmar-Laos border

Economic development and increased tourism in the southern region of Yunnan Province in China, adjacent to several countries in Southeast Asia, has increased the likelihood of import and export of vectors and vector-borne diseases. We report the results of surveillance of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne arboviruses along the border of China-Myanmar-Laos in 2005 and 2006, and information associating several arboviruses with infections and possibly disease in local human populations. Seventeen mosquito species representing four genera were obtained, and 14 strains of mosquito-borne viruses representing six viruses in five genera were isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus. In addition, IgM against Japanese encephalitis virus, Sindbis virus, Yunnan orbivirus and novel Banna virus was detected in acute-phase serum samples obtained from hospitalized patients with fever and encephalitis near the areas where the viruses were isolated. This investigation suggests that Japanese encephalitis virus, Sindbis virus, and lesser-known arboviruses circulate and may be infecting humans in the China-Myanmar-Laos border region.     

A longitudinal study of human cytomegalovirus serology and viruria fails to detect active viral infection in 20 systemic lupus erythematosus patients

In this study, we investigated whether active human cytomegalovirus infection could be detected in 20 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients over a one-year observation period by polymerase chain reaction on serial urine specimens and by monitoring of IgG and IgM HCMV-specific antibody profiles in serial serum samples. Of 788 urine samples analysed for the presence of human cytomegalovirus DNA, only 2 specimens (0.25%) collected from two different patients contained genuine human cytomegalovirus sequences as determined by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent sequencing of the PCR products. These two patients had one positive sample out of 36 samples or 40 samples, respectively. Nineteen of the patients (95%) possessed IgG antibodies against human cytomegalovirus, while 9 (45%) produced IgM antibodies. However, none of the patients showed signs of an active virus infection as judged by the stable anti-HCMV IgG or IgM antibody levels during the observation period, nor was any correlation between disease activity and HCMV serology/viruria observed. Of single serum samples of 26 age- and sex-matched blood donors, 21 (81%) were HCMV IgG positive and 1 (3.8%) was IgM seropositive. In conclusion, our data fail to establish an active human cytomegalovirus infection in SLE patients.     

酶联免疫吸附试验检测人血清弓形体IgG,IgM抗体的研究

对ELISA检测人血清弓形体IgG、IgM抗体进行了研究。450份孕妇血清中,ELISA阳性率显著高于IHA;抗体滴度分折,ELISA一般高于IHA2～10倍。25份ELISA IgG抗体阳性血清,IFA检出19份;3份IgM抗体阳性和2份IgG、IgM抗体均阳性血清,IFA分别检出2份。2份阴性和4份含不同抗体滴度的阳性血清于第一次测定后,第7天和第21天测定的阴、阳性结果一致,OD值变异系数为2.43～16.52％。39份阳性血清抗体滴度与OD值呈直线比例关系(r=0.991,P<0.0005)。结果表明,ELISA用于弓形体感染的血清学诊断具有较好的实用性。     

Low seroprevalence of IgG antibodies to Ebola virus in an epidemic zone: Ogooué-Ivindo region, Northeastern Gabon, 1997

A population-based serosurvey was performed to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to Ebola virus (EBO) in a region that has experienced multiple epidemics of EBO hemorrhagic fever. Of 2533 residents in 8 villages, serum samples from 979 (38.6%) were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM antibodies to Ebola-Zaire (EBO-Z) virus. Fourteen samples (1.4%) were found positive for IgG antibodies, and 4 of these (.4%) were samples from survivors of an epidemic of EBO hemorrhagic fever. Seroprevalence based on the remaining 10 IgG-seropositive individuals with no history of exposure to EBO was 1.0% (exact binomial 95% confidence interval, 0.5%-1.9%). No serum samples were found positive for IgM antibodies to EBO-Z virus. The low seroprevalence suggests that, outside of recognized outbreaks, human exposure to EBO in this epidemic zone is rare.     

云南省景洪市虫媒病毒调查分析

近１０多年来，先后从云南省景洪市各乡镇的当地病人、猪、蝙蝠和蚊虫体内分离出乙型脑炎病毒２２株，从白纹伊蚊中分离到登革４型病毒１株，从蝙蝠和蚊体内分离到基孔肯雅病毒５株，从患急性期血液中分离到辛德毕斯病毒１株，从发热病人血液、脑炎病人脑脊液、猪血清和牛血清中分离到新环状病毒４７株，从黄胸鼠肺脏中检查出流行性出血热病毒抗原阳性６份；人群、猪恒河猴或鼠类血清中亦检出上述６种病毒的抗体，表明景洪市存在乙     

Time course of the levels of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii and detection of C. burnetii-DNA in three imported cases of acute Q fever]

Three patients developed acute Q fever after returning from an inspection tour of farms and abattoirs to Australia. Serum levels of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii and the presence of C. burnetii-DNA in blood samples were examined for more than 100 days. Four-fold raises of IgM and IgG antibodies against C. burnetii phase 2 were observed within the first three weeks in all the three cases. Maximum titers of IgM and IgG antibodies were 1,024-2,048 and 512-4,096, respectively. According to the temporal diagnostic criteria of acute Q fever in the convalescent serum: the IgM titer of > or = 64 and IgG titer of > or = 512 against phase 2, patient A, B and C were determined to be antibody positive for 45, 199 and 122 days, respectively. The result suggests that this standard is practical and reasonable for diagnosis of acute Q fever. C. burnetti-DNA was detected in the sera and buffy coat samples of patient A who developed high fever, severe thrombocytopenia and liver disfunction, but not in those of patient B and C. This study provides useful information for optimization and standardization of Q fever diagnosis in Japan.     

Hemagglutination and immunofluorescence studies on polymerized human serum albumin binding activity in chronic hepatitis B virus infection

The binding activity of polymerized human serum albumin was determined in 202 HBsAg carriers. The presence of polymerized human serum albumin receptor sites was tested by hemagglutination and differentiated from antihuman albumin antibodies by immunofluorescence, isolation of IgG and IgM fractions and testing of HBsAg anti-HBs immune complexes. A granular pattern with anti-HBs was specific for polymerized human serum albumin receptor sites as demonstrated with purified HBsAg. In addition, a linear pattern with fluoresceinated antihuman immunoglobulins might suggest the presence of antihuman albumin antibodies (which was generally due to an IgG antibody). However, a granular pattern with fluoresceinated antihuman immunoglobulins may indicate the presence of HBsAg anti-HBs immune complexes. A weak linear pattern was also observed simultaneously in these cases, probably due to IgM antihuman albumin antibodies or an antipolymerized human serum albumin receptor site antibody. Of 202 HBsAg-positive patients, 71 showed polymerized human serum albumin receptor sites activity. The highest percentage of polymerized human serum albumin receptor sites was found among patients showing HBeAg and hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase positivity (96%), followed by HBeAg positivity and hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase negativity (48%), and anti-HBe positivity and hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase negativity (17%). In addition, a significant correlation between polymerized human serum albumin titers and hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase was found (r = 0.573, p less than 0.01). However, at similar HBeAg titer, patients who were positive for hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase had a higher polymerized human serum albumin receptor sites titer than those who were negative for hepatitis B virus DNA polymerase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

The diagnostic value of the ELISA-Ty test for the detection of typhoid fever in children.

A study on the reliability of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of typhoid fever, the ELISA-Ty test, was conducted, comprising 44 children suffering from bacteriologically confirmed typhoid fever based on the finding of a positive blood culture for Salmonella typhi, 44 children with fever caused by diseases other than typhoid fever based on the finding of negative culture of blood, urine and stool for S. typhi, and 120 healthy children as controls. This ELISA-Ty test measures the concentration of IgM and of IgG against S. typhi in serum. This test is an indirect ELISA test, based on a method that makes use of a mixture of OMPs (outer membrane proteins) in equal proportion serving as antigen, obtained from different strains of S. typhi which are prevalent locally, peroxidase goat antihuman IgG or IgM (Sigma) as conjugate and orthophenylenediamine (Sigma) as chromogen of the substrate. The result of the test was obtained through the assessment of the end product, using a micro ELISA reader (Behring) at wave length of 490 nm. The data revealed that the mean absorbent values found in children with typhoid fever, for IgM and IgG, were significantly higher (p < 0.05) when compared to those in children with non-typhoid fever as well as to those found in children of the control group. The results of this study confirm that the ELISA-Ty test has a high reliability for the detection of typhoid fever in children, based on the finding of a degree of diagnostic sensitivity as high as 95.45% and 90.91% for respectively IgM and IgG, a diagnostic specificity as high as 93.33% for IgM as well as for IgG, a high diagnostic efficiency (94.32% for IgM and 92.05% for IgG), a high diagnostic positive predictive value of 93.33% for IgM and 93.02% for IgG, high negative predictive values of 95.35% for IgM and 91.11% for IgG for use under clinical as well as under field conditions.     

A passive hemagglutination test for diagnosis of trench fever due to Rochalimaea quintana.

A passive hemagglutination test devised for diagnosis of trench fever was easily performed and highly sensitive and specific. Tanned sheep erythrocytes were sensitized with soluble antigen from Rochalimaea quintana. The test detected antibody in six of seven cases of primary infection and in four cases of late, relapsed trench fever. Titers of antibody ranged from 1:20 to 1:640. Although both IgM and IgG antibody to R. quintana were detected by passive hemagglutination, IgG appeared to be the major reactive antibody. Antigens involved in the reaction were two types of proteins, one inactivated at 50 C and 60 C and the other at 80 C and 100 C. Of 322 control samples of sera that were tested, only one reacted positively; thus, the test had a specificity of greater than 99%. The single positive reaction was in serum from a patient with Q fever. This finding suggests that, in an area where Q fever is endemic, this disease must be ruled out in the interpretation of a positive passive hemagglutination test. Sera should be tested routinely against tanned, unsensitized erythrocytes, since an occassional sample of serum may agglutinate unsensitized cells. Because of its sensitivity and specificity, as well as its simplicity of performance, the passive hemagglutination test shows promise as a useful procedure for serologic identification of both acute and past infection with R. quintana.     

Antibody responses in Japanese volunteers after immunization with yellow fever vaccine

To monitor the development of specific and cross-reactive antibody response in twenty Japanese volunteers after vaccination with live yellow fever vaccine. Serum samples were collected on various days after vaccination and examined for hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies against yellow fever virus (YFV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and dengue virus (DV), neutralizing antibodies against YFV and JEV, and IgM antibodies against YFV. None of the volunteers had been previously immunized with this vaccine. Fifteen of 20 had pre-vaccinated with JEV 7 to 40 years before. Ten of the 20 had neutralizing antibodies against JEV before immunization. None of the 20 had detectable antibodies against YFV or DV before vaccination. On day 10th after the vaccination, neutralizing antibodies to YFV were detected in 6 of 19 volunteers and IgM antibodies against YFV were detected in 7 of 19. On day 14th, HI, neutralizing, and IgM antibodies against YFV were detected in all the tested sera. Neutralizing antibodies against JEV were developed in 2 volunteers and HI antibodies against JEV were increased in 3 of 6 volunteers respectively. On day 29th, cross-reactive HI antibodies for JEV and DV were detected in all the tested sera. The results indicate that YF vaccine induces YFV-specific antibodies in all the tested volunteers and that it also induces HI antibodies cross-reactive for JEV and DV. The YF vaccine has a strong immunogenicity because it is a live vaccine, and induces antibody against YFV predominantly. The international certificate of yellow fever vaccination becomes valid 10 days after vaccination. On day 14th after vaccination, we detected neutralizing antibodies against YFV from all tested volunteers, however, only 6 of 19 volunteers had detectable neutralizing antibody on the 10th day after vaccination. Therefore, the vaccine may not be perfectly effective on day 10th after the vaccination.