三联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌相关性消化性溃疡疗效观察

目的;研究不含甲硝唑的短程低剂量质子泵抑制剂三联疗法对幽门螺杆菌根除消化性溃疡愈合的疗效。方法;采用随机双盲对照研究,将４７例ＨＰ阳性的消化性溃疡患者随机分为２组,即Ａ组采用达克普隆３０ｍｇ１次／ｄ加克拉霉素２５０ｍｇ２次／加阿莫西林５００ｍｇ２次／ｄ,连服１０ｄ;Ｂ组采用胃舒平３片,２次／ｄ,连用４周,双盲双模拟用药。     

不同三联方案治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡的多中心临床研究

目的 观察不同三联方案“丽珠胃三联”药物搭配、疗程和剂量的效果来探索较理想的治疗幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）的方案。方法 Ｈｐ阳性的十二指肠溃疡１２６例、胃溃疡４０例。随枘发成三组：Ａ组；枸椽酸铋钾０．２２ｇ／次＋克拉霉素０．２５ｇ／次＋替硝唑０．５ｇ／次，称“丽珠胃三联”，均为２次／ｄ，疗程７ｄ：Ｂ组：药物组成、用法同Ａ组，但疗程为１４ｄ；Ｃ组：奥美拉唑２０ｍｇ，甲硝唑４００ｍｇ，阿莫西林１ｇ，均为２次／ｄ，疗程７ｄ，观察记录Ｈｐ根除情况、溃疡愈合情况、临床症状改善情况及不良反应。结果 １６０例完成治疗及复查，失记６例，Ｈｐ根除率Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ三组分别为８７．９％，８７．０％，８６．８％。差异无显著性（Ｐ〉０．０５）；胃溃疡治疗后的总有效率分别为９２．３％。９０．９％及９２．９％；十二指肠溃疡治疗后的总有效率分别为９７．８     

改良果胶铋四联疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性十二指肠溃疡

目的：探讨果胶铋、雷尼替丁、痢特灵和四环素每日服２次,２周疗法对确诊为幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｅｌｉｃｏｂａｃｔｅｒ ｐｙｌｏｒｉ,ＨＰ）阳性的十二指肠溃疡的疗效及费用分析。方法：６０例农村患者随机分成四联疗法组（３０例）和新三联（由奥美拉唑、克拉霉素、甲硝唑组成）疗法组（３０例）,服药前及停药４周行胃镜检查和组织活检。结果：改良果胶铋四联疗法的溃疡愈合率、ＨＰ根除率和不良反应出现率分别为９３．３％、８６．７％和２０．０％,而新三联组则分别为９６．６％、９０．０％和１６．６％,２组比较均无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。结论：由雷尼替丁、果胶铋、痢特灵和四环素组成的每日服药２次,连服２周的四联疗法,对ＨＰ阳性十二指肠溃疡疗效好,价格便宜,适合山区农村医院推广。     

雷尼替丁三联疗法对幽门螺杆菌阳性十二指肠溃疡的近期及远…

对８２例幽门螺杆菌阳性的十二指肠溃疡用雷尼替丁，羟氨苄青霉素和甲硝唑三联疗法２周，追踪１年，并与１４５例铋剂三联疗法病例对照。结果治疗组溃疡愈合率８７．８％，ＨＰ根除率８９．０％，对照组两参数为９２．４％和８５．７％（Ｐ均〉０．０５）。     

铋制剂,洛赛克,替硝唑治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡的近期和远期疗效观察

目的：观察铋制剂、洛赛克、替硝唑治疗幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）阳性消化性溃疡的近期和远期疗效。方法：将１０２例患者随机分为两组,治疗组（５２例）：丽珠得乐部剂１．０ｇ,１ｄ４次;洛赛克２０ｍｇ,替硝唑０．５ｇ,１ｄ２次口服;疗程２周。对照组（５０例）：洛赛克２０ｍｇ,ｑｄ头孢羟氨苄０．５ｇ,１ｄ４次;甲硝唑４００ｍｇ,１ｄ２次;疗程２周。疗程结束后２周行胃镜检查,病理检查及Ｈｐ检测;并于半年,１年进行相应的随访,结果：治疗组和对照组溃疡愈合率分别为９０．３８％和８８．００％,Ｈｐ根除率分别为８８．４６％和８６．００％,两组比较无显著差异（Ｐ〉０．０５）。治疗组疗程后半年、１年溃疡复发率为２．１７％和４．３５％,Ｈｐ再发率为４．３５％和６．５２％;对照组疗程后半年、１年溃疡复发率为１４．２９％和１９．０５％,Ｈｐ再发率为     

奥美拉唑、替硝唑、克拉霉素短程三联疗法根除老年人幽门螺杆菌的疗效观察

目的观察奥美拉唑、替硝唑、克拉霉素短程三联疗法对老年人幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）感染的根除效果及其副反应。方法将８７例伴有Ｈｐ感染的消化性溃疡或糜烂性胃窦炎老年患者随机分为两组，Ａ组４４例，给予奥美拉唑２０ｍｇ、替硝唑５００ｍｇ及克拉霉素２５０ｍｇ，每天２次口服，疗程７天（方案Ａ）；Ｂ组４３例，治疗同Ａ组，只是将克拉霉素改为５００ｍｇ（方案Ｂ）。活动期溃疡病患者继服奥美拉唑２０ｍｇ／ｄ，３周。疗程结束１个月后复查胃镜，检查Ｈｐ。结果Ａ组Ｈｐ根除率９０．９％、活动期溃疡愈合率１００．０％、糜烂性胃窦炎愈合率７９．３％、副反应发生率１３．６％，Ｂ组分别为８８．４％、９３．３％、８０．８％和２３．３％；两组比较差异无显著性。结论两种短程三联疗法对老年人Ｈｐ感染的根除均有良好疗效，而方案Ａ费用较低。     

消化性溃疡的治疗及远期疗效观察

本文报告ＣＢＳ甲氰咪胍雷尼替丁对１６２例消化性溃疡伴幽门螺杆菌阳性的治疗及远期疗效观察，结果：ＣＢＳ对ＨＰ的转阴率（９５％）显著高于甲氰咪胍（２３％）和雷尼替丁（２２％）。一年后ＨＰ阳转率ＣＢＳ组显著低于其它两组，三组分别为５％，１００％和９０％（Ｐ＜０．００１）。消化性溃疡治愈率三组之间无显著差异，分别为８０％、８４．６％和７８％（Ｐ＞０．０５）。但一年以后溃疡复发率ＣＢＳ组（１２．５％）显著低于甲氰咪胍（７１．５％）和雷尼替丁（５０％）（Ｐ＜０．００１）。伴随慢性胃炎好转率及活动性胃炎消失率ＣＢＳ组也优于其它两组。结论：ＨＰ感染与溃疡发生，延迟愈合及复发有密切关系；清除ＨＰ有助于溃疡愈合，改善胃窦炎症，降低溃疡复发率。     

灭幽门螺杆菌胶囊结合低剂量标准三联法治疗慢性胃炎…

为进一步研究对幽门螺杆菌（ＨＰ）具有较高根治率且对胃粘膜病变具有治疗作用的药物疗法，将８７例ＨＰ阳性慢性胃炎患者随机分为３组，分别以灭ＨＰ胶囊、灭ＨＰ胶囊结合低剂量三联和低剂量三联疗法治疗。结果，灭ＨＰ胶囊ＨＰ根治率为８０．０％，与低剂量三联组（８３．３％）相当；而灭ＨＰ胶囊结合低剂量三联组为９７．４％（Ｐ〈０．０５），且对胃粘膜活动性炎症有明显治疗作用（Ｐ〈０．０１），对伴肠上皮化生的慢性萎缩性     

中西医结合疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性消化性溃疡的远期疗效观察

目的：探讨中药、中西医结合疗法治疗幽门螺杆菌（Hp）阳性消化性溃疡的远期疗效。方法：将Hp阳性消化性溃疡用中药方剂（益胃片）、西药三联（丽珠得乐加甲硝唑加羟氨苄青霉素）、中西医结合疗法（益胃片加西药组用药）治疗根除Hp后,分别随访3年,共94例,观察Hp和溃疡的复发率,并进行比较。结果：西药组Hp和溃疡复发率均为26．67％;中药组Hp复发率为9．38％,溃疡复发率为12．50％;中西医结合组Hp复发率和溃疡的复发率均为6．25％。中西医结合组与西药组比较,差异有显著性意义（P＜0．05）。结论：中药方剂益胃片和中西医结合疗法治疗Hp阳性消化性溃疡既有很好的Hp根除率,又有很好的溃疡愈合率,Hp和溃疡的复发率也很低,不失为一种较好的治疗Hp阳性消化性溃疡的有效方法。     

胃苏冲剂三联疗法治疗消化性溃疡近期及远期疗效

目的观察胃苏冲剂三联疗法治疗消化性溃疡近、远期效果．方法经内镜确诊的53例消化性溃疡患者，其中GU7例，DU46例，男32例，女21例，年龄18岁～72岁．病程6mo～18a．临床表现为痞满36例，上腹疼51例，纳呆26例，嗳气35例，泛酸48例．应用胃苏冲剂（主要由紧苏梗、香附、陈皮、佛手等中药组成）、甲硝唑和羟氢苄青霉素三联治疗，并与对照组32例用麦滋林S颗粒、甲硝唑和羟氢苄青霉素三联疗法进行比较，胃苏冲剂或麦滋林S颗粒均3wk为一疗程，甲硝唑、羟氨苄青霉素均2wk为一疗程．疗程结束后复查内镜和尿素酶法测定Hp．结果经胃苏冲剂三联疗法治疗3wk后，总愈合率治疗组45／53例（81．1％），Hp根除率42／47例（89．3％），Hp根除率2／6（33．3％）；对照组27／32（84．3％），Hp根除者26／28（92．1％），未根除者1／4（25％）．两级总愈合率和Hp根除无明显差异（P＞0．05），两组内Hp根除的愈合率高于未根除者，差异有显著性（P＜0．05），追踪1a，治疗组已愈合43例，7例（16．2％）复发，其中Hp转阳的11例中7例（63．6％）复发，Hp阴性42例中仅5例（11．9％）复发，Hp阳性与阴性组复发率差异显著（P＜0．01），两组溃疡复发率差异不显著（P＞0．05）结论胃苏冲剂三联疗法治疗消化性溃疡有较好的近、远期     

The immunoneuroendocrine role of melatonin

Abstract: A tight, physiological link between the pineal gland and the immune system is emerging from a series of experimental studies. This link might reflect the evolutionary connection between self-recognition and reproduction. Pinealectomy or other experimental methods which inhibit melatonin synthesis and secretion induce a state of immunodepression which is counteracted by melatonin. In general, melatonin seems to have an immunoenhancing effect that is particularly apparent in immunodepressive states. The negative effect of acute stress or immunosuppressive pharmacological treatments on various immune parameters are counteracted by melatonin. It seems important to note that one of the main targets of melatonin is the thymus, i.e., the central organ of the immune system. The clinical use of melatonin as an immunotherapeutic agent seems promising in primary and secondary immunodeficiencies as well as in cancer immunotherapy. The immunoenhancing action of melatonin seems to be mediated by T-helper cell-derived opioid peptides as well as by lymphokines and, perhaps, by pituitary hormones. Melatonin-induced-immuno-opioids (MHO) and lymphokines imply the presence of specific binding sites or melatonin receptors on cells of the immune system. On the other hand, lymphokines such as -γ-interferon and interleukin-2 as well as thymic hormones can modulate the synthesis of melatonin in the pineal gland. The pineal gland might thus be viewed as the crux of a sophisticated immunoneuroendocrine network which functions as an unconscious, diffuse sensory organ.     

Changes in connexin43, the gap junction protein of astrocytes, during development of the rat pineal gland

Abstract: The abundance of gap junctions between rat pineal astrocytes formed by connexin43 (Cx43) was studied during development. Levels and distribution of Cx43 were measured by immunoblotting and indirect immunofluorescence, respectively. The amount of Cx43 in cells located within the gland was low until about the 7th postnatal day and increased to adult values between the 14th and 21st days postpartum. Although astrocytes, recognized by their vimentin immunoreactivity, were scarce before birth, they were abundant by the 7th postnatal day suggesting that the low levels of Cx43 found at this age corresponded to a low expression of this protein. Localization of the immunoreactivity to Cx43 and vimentin showed a close correlation, indicating that mature or immature pineal astrocytes form gap junctions made of Cx43. Since Cx43 levels attained their adult values at about the time the innervation and the functional state of the gland reached maturity (2–3 weeks after birth), it is proposed that astrocyte gap junctions are involved in the function of the adult rat pineal gland.     

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum： A case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs.     

Presence of immunoreactive growth hormone and prolactin in the ovine pineal gland

Abstract: The use of antisera raised against bovine growth hormone (GH) and ovine prolactin (PRL) enabled the detection of related immunoreactive (ir) sequences of proteins in ovine pineal tissue. The isolation of PRL-like ir-material was accomplished using a 0.25 M ammonium sulphate (pH 5.5) extraction followed by ethanol precipitation, whereas the resulting 2.0 M ammonium sulphate (pH 7.0) precipitate contained a GH-like immunoreactivity. Gel chromatography of the GH-like immunoreactivity (Sephadex G-100) indicated the presence of several GH-like fragments ranging in the M_r range of 7,000 to 55,000. Analyses of the PRL-like ir-material found in pineal tissue on HPLC using a TSK 545-DEAE column led to the resolution into a single peak of immunoreactivity. A single peak of activity was also observed following chromatofocusing and hydrophobic interaction chromatography of the ir-peak from the TSK 545-DEAE column. The PRL-like ir-material inhibited the binding of [¹²⁵I]ovine PRL-S14 to anti-ovine PRL antibodies without showing an affinity for binding to anti-rat PRL or anti-bovine GH antibodies. Scatchard analysis of the binding of pineal PRL-like ir-material and pituitary ovine PRL-S14 to liver membranes from day-20 pregnant rats revealed similar affinity constants (K_a of 4.7 ± 0.2 × 10⁹ M^-1). In addition, the replication of Nb 2 Node rat lymphoma cells was stimulated by pineal PRL-like ir-material, an effect known to be specific for lactogenic hormones. The pineal PRL-like immunoreactivity appeared on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gels as a single major band of M_r 24,000. The functional status of PRL-and GH-like ir-material in the ovine pineal remains to be determined, but evidence is presented that the overall protein synthesis rate of the rat pineal responded to circulating concentrations of PRL.     

N-acetyl-L-cysteine combined with mesalamine in the treatment of ulcerative colitis： Randomized,placebo-controlled pilot study

AIM： To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of oral N-acetyl-L-cysteine （NAC） co-administration with mesalamine in ulcerative colitis （UC） patients.
METHODS： Thirty seven patients with mild to moderate UC were randomized to receive a four-wk course of oral mesalamine （2.4 g/d） plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine （0.8 g/d） （group A） or mesalamine plus placebo （group B）. Patients were monitored using the Modified Truelove-Witts Severity Index （MTWSI）. The primary endpoint was clinical remission （MTWSI ≤ 2） at 4 wk. Secondary endpoints were clinical response （defined as a reduction from baseline in the MTWSI of ≥ 2 points） and drug safety. The serum TNF-α, interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and MCP-1 were evaluated at baseline and at 4 wk of treatment. RESULTS： Analysis per-protocol criteria showed clinical remission rates of 63% and 50% after 4 wk treatment with mesalamine plus N-acetyl-L-cysteine （group A） and mesalamine plus placebo （group B） respectively （OR = 1.71; 95% CI： 0.46 to 6.36; P = 0.19; NNT = 7.7）. Analysis of variance （ANOVA） of data indicated a significant reduction of MTWSI in group A （P = 0.046） with respect to basal condition without significant changes in the group B （P = 0.735） during treatment. Clinical responses were 66% （group A） vs 44% （group B） after 4 wk of treatment （OR = 2.5; 95% CI： 0.64 to 9.65; P = 0.11; NNT = 4.5）. Clinical improvement in group A correlated with a decrease of IL-8 and MCP-1. Rates of adverse events did not differ significantly between both groups.
CONCLUSION： In group A （oral NAC combined with mesalamine） contrarily to group B （mesalamine alone）, the clinical improvement correlates with a decrease of chemokines such as MCP-1 and IL-8. NAC addition not produced any side effects.     

Delorme's transrectal excision for internal rectal prolapse

Surgical therapy of functional outlet obstruction in patients with internal rectal intussusception may include abdominal, perineal, or transrectal procedures. Because abdominal procedures often result in significant physiologic impact but unrelieved constipation, the authors have elected Delorme's transrectal excision for management of these patients. Since a short-term placebo effect attends many therapies, this report describes results of transrectal excision only after a threeyear postoperative period. Delorme's transrectal excision of internal intussusception accomplished sustained symptomatic relief in over 70 percent of otherwise refractory constipated patients. The association of internal intussusception with other abnormalities underscores the importance of defining both anatomic and functional components when selecting patients whose constipation may require surgical therapy. Critical technical elements, surgical pitfalls, and potential complications of the procedure are discussed.Poster presentation at the meeting of The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons, Toronto, Canada, June 11 to 16, 1989.     

The oral glucose tolerance test: A comparison of the time points on the basis of limit values,normal dispersion,and reproducibility

Summary Time points in the glucose tolerance test (GTT) are compared on the basis of limit values, dispersion within a reference population, and reproducibility. We suggest using the distance between a limit value and the median reference value as a measure of the magnitude of abnormality. The distance between 140 mg/100 ml and the median fasting plasma glucose value is chosen as a standard distance and limits for other points in the GTT are calculated to equal this standard distance of abnormality. We suggest that the probability of correctly interpreting an inividual result is directly related to the reproducibility of the test and inversely related to the percentage of the total range of values which is dispersed among the normal population. The ratio of reproducibility to percentage normal dispersion is proposed as an index of the probability of correctly interpreting an individual result. According to this index, the probability of correct interpretation varies in order: fasting plasma glucose concentration>3-h>2-h>0.5-h>1-h plasma glucose concentration.