齐拉西酮合并碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作的研究

目的:观察齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂对于双相情感障碍躁狂发作的疗效及不良反应。方法:2014年1月—2015年1月本院就诊的双相情感障碍患者60例,随机分为对照组和治疗组各30例。对照组采用碳酸锂治疗,治疗组在对照组的基础上联合应用齐拉西酮。观察两组治疗后的治疗效果及不良反应:杨氏躁狂量表(YMRS)、临床总体印象量表(CGI)评价疗效,副反应症状量表(TESS量表)评定药物不良反应。结果:经治疗后两组的YMRS评分及CGI评分均显著低于治疗前,治疗组YMRS及CGI评分均低于对照组,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂效果好,不良反应少,可广泛应用于临床。     

抗精神病药合并碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作的临床探讨

目的探讨抗精神病药合并碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作的临床疗效。方法对70例双相情感障碍躁狂发作患者随机分为观察组及对照组,对照组给予单纯碳酸锂治疗,观察组采用齐拉西酮+碳酸锂治疗,比较两组临床疗效。结果治疗前两组杨氏躁狂量表(YMRS)评分差异不显著(P>0.05),治疗后4周后观察组得分显著低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组治疗总有效率为88.6%,对照组为71.4%,两组差异显著(P<0.05);观察组不良反应率为22.1%,对照组为25.7%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论采用齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作临床疗效显著,安全系数较高,值得临床推广使用。     

齐拉西酮合并碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作的临床疗效及安全性评价

目的探讨齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作的临床疗效和安全性。方法2012年4月至2013年5月期间我院收治的双相情感障碍患者70例,随机分为对照组和观察组。对照组采用碳酸锂治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合应用齐拉西酮。比较两组患者治疗后的临床疗效、BRMS评分和不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后,对照组和观察组的治疗有效率分别为77.1%和94.3%,两组患者有效率比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后BRMS评分显著低于治疗前,同时,观察组BRMS评分低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂较单用碳酸锂疗效好,安全可靠,值得临床推广使用。     

齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂治疗双相障碍躁狂发作的对照研究

目的观察齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂治疗双相障碍躁狂发作的临床疗效及安全性。方法将68例双相障碍躁狂发作患者随机分为两组,各34例,研究组口服齐拉西酮和碳酸锂,对照组口服碳酸锂治疗,观察6周。于治疗前及治疗后第2、4、6周末采用Beck-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)评定临床疗效,以副反应量表(TESS)评定不良反应。结果在第2周末评分研究组比对照组有显著下降,在第6周末两组评分均显著下降,差异无统计学意义;两组不良反应发生差异无统计学意义。结论齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂治疗双相障碍躁狂发作起效快疗效好,不良反应轻,安全性高。     

喹硫平联合碳酸锂治疗双相躁狂的临床研究

目的探讨富马酸喹硫平联合碳酸锂治疗双相躁狂的临床疗效及不良反应。方法收集本院确诊为双相躁狂患者80例,将其随机分为联合治疗组（40例）及单药治疗组（40例）,治疗8周后采用杨氏躁狂量表（YMRS）、Beck-Refaelse躁狂量表（BRMS）、不良反应量表（TESS）评定药物疗效及不良反应。结果两组间YMRS、BRMS均有统计学差异,P〈0.05。而不良反应TESS方面无统计学差异,P〉0.05。结论富马酸喹硫平联合碳酸锂治疗双相躁狂疗效确切,不良反应小,值得在临床广泛推广。     

齐拉西酮联合丙戊酸钠对单用丙戊酸钠疗效欠佳的双相障碍躁狂患者的治疗效果观察

目的 探讨齐拉西酮或奥氮平联合丙戊酸钠对单用丙戊酸钠疗效欠佳的双相障碍躁狂/混合发作患者的治疗效果和安全性.方法 将64例经丙戊酸钠单药治疗疗效欠佳的双相障碍Ⅰ型躁狂/混合患者随机分为对照组(n=32)和研究组(n=32),对照组添加奥氮平,研究组添加齐拉西酮,治疗6周,分别用杨氏躁狂量表(YMRS)、临床整体印象疾病严重程度量表-双相障碍版(CGI-BP)、蒙哥马利抑郁量表(MADRS)、阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评价疗效,用副反应量表(TESS)评价不良反应.结果 治疗6周后,两组的YMRS、CGI-BP、MADRS和PANSS评分均有显著改变,第1、3、6周末,对照组YMRS的平均减分率分别为26.7％,45.8％、60.5％,研究组分别为27.0％、42.4％、57.6％,两组YMRS评分的变化差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);基线后,两组的YMRS、CGI-BP、MADRS、PANSS评分的变化差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).研究组缓解率和有效率分别为68.8％和21.9％,对照组分别为71.8％和21.9％,两组疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组不良反应发生率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).对照组有明显的食欲和体重增加(43.8％,+4.34 kg,P＜0.01),研究组却没有变化.结论 齐拉西酮可提高丙戊酸钠对双相障碍Ⅰ型躁狂/混合发作的疗效,对肥胖患者特别适用,治疗成功的关键是掌握齐拉西酮的应用策略.     

齐拉西酮联合碳酸锂治疗青少年双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作的疗效评价

目的青少年双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作联用齐拉西酮与碳酸锂治疗的临床疗效。方法84例青少年双相Ⅰ型障碍躁狂发作患者,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,各42例。对照组给予碳酸锂治疗,研究组给予齐拉西酮与碳酸锂联合治疗,比较两组治疗效果及安全性。结果治疗后,研究组患者的Young躁狂量表(YMRS)评分为(9.15±3.59)分、双相障碍量表(CGI-s-BP)评分为(2.18±0.53)分均低于治疗前的(37.92±5.15)、(5.24±0.85)分,对照组患者的YMRS评分为(15.74±3.35)分、CGI-s-BP评分为(3.06±0.74)分均低于治疗前的(37.89±5.21)、(5.22±0.86)分;且研究组患者的YMRS评分与CGI-s-BP评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组治疗总有效率为95.24%高于对照组的73.81%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,研究组患者的白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)水平为(3.65±2.03)ng/ml、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平为(8.96±2.54)pg/L均低于治疗前的(12.43±3.51)ng/ml、(34.87±6.93)pg/L,对照组患者的IL-1β水平为(7.14±3.17)ng/ml、TNF-α水平为(17.92±4.37)pg/L均低于治疗前的(12.39±3.55)ng/ml、(34.85±6.87)pg/L;且研究组IL-1β、TNF-α均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率为11.90%,与对照组的9.52%比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论齐拉西酮与碳酸锂联合应用,能够有效减轻患者的双相障碍和躁狂症状,提升患者治疗效果,且安全性高,可推广应用。     

齐拉西酮联合心境稳定剂治疗双相障碍躁狂发作和混合发作

目的：研究和探讨齐拉西酮合并碳酸锂或丙戊酸钠治疗躁狂发作和混合发作的疗效和安全性。方法：对符合CCMD-3躁狂发作和混合发作诊断标准的68例研究对象随机分成两组,试验组应用齐拉西酮合并碳酸锂或丙戊酸钠,对照组单一使用碳酸锂或丙戊酸钠,治疗观察6周。采用杨氏躁狂量表（YMRS）评定疗效,以副反应量表（TESS）及实验室有关辅助检查评价安全性。 结果：两组在治疗前后症状均有显著降低（F＝9.05,P＜0.01;F＝6.10,P＜0.01）。齐拉西酮组在治疗第1周末的减分率比对照组显著,这种差异在1~6周持续存在,而且第6周结束后的临床痊愈率也显著高于对照组。研究组1周末、治疗2周末、治疗4周末、治疗6周末YMRS分别是21.4±8.4,14.6±5.5,8.9±3.3,6.5±3.4,对照组分别是23.9±7.2,20.9±8.1,17.8±7.8,12.8±8.9,组间差异有统计学意义（P＜120.01）,试验组的相对变化分别是6.1±3.5,12.9±4.8,20.1±5.3,21.4±5.5,对照组分别是2.1±3.0,6.8±4.5,11.5±5.6,14.4±5.3,组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。两组间有效率差异有统计学差异（68.5%,48.5%, X2=4.47,P＜0.05）。两组间痊愈率也有统计学意义（54.3%, 18.2%, X2=9.52,P＜0.01）。但是两组间均没有严重的药物副作用,因无疗效和副作用导致的脱落率两组差异无显著性。结论：齐拉西酮合并碳酸锂或丙戊酸钠治疗躁狂发作和混合发作双相障碍的疗效比较理想,比单一使用心境稳定剂更好。     

齐拉西酮结合碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作的疗效

目的分析评价齐拉西酮结合碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作的疗效。方法纳入的对象为2013年3月~2015年9月我院100例双相情感障碍躁狂发作患者,根据随机数字表法进行分组,第Ⅰ组以单纯碳酸锂为治疗药物,第Ⅱ组以齐拉西酮结合碳酸锂为治疗药物。对比两组治疗效果、安全性,并比较干预前和干预后两组患者的BRMS量表分数差异。结果干预后两组患者BRMS量表分数均明显下降,但第Ⅱ组减分率更高,经统计学处理显示BRMS量表分数差异显著(P<0.05)。第Ⅱ组治疗效果高达94.00%,第Ⅰ组仅72.00%总有效率,经统计学处理显示两组疗效差异显著(P<0.05)。两组患者副作用差异不明显(P>0.05)。结论齐拉西酮结合碳酸锂治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作的疗效确切,跟单纯碳酸锂治疗比较,在改善患者双相情感障碍躁狂发作症状方面效果更好,且未增加毒副作用,安全性高,值得推广。     

齐拉西酮、 氯氮平分别联合碳酸锂治疗双向情感障碍躁狂发作的临床疗效与安全性分折

目的:研究将药物氯氮平以及齐拉西酮分别与碳酸锂相互联合应用对于双向情感障碍躁狂发作的治疗效果与安全性.方法:在2014年8月~2016年2月应用随机数字表法选取在医院就诊的双向情感障碍躁狂发作病例90例,全部随机、 平均划成两个组,包括对照组与研究组.两组都应用药物碳酸锂进行治疗,对照组另外添入药物氯氮平,研究组另外添入药物齐拉西酮,在治疗后分别根据Bech-Rafaelsen躁狂量表(BRMS)对治疗效果进行评分,根据症状量表(TESS)对不良反应情况进行评分.结果:研究组治疗总有效率86.67%,对照组治疗总有效率82.22%,组间总有效率不存在显著的差异(P>0.05);研究组病人的症状量表分值比对照组的病人显著减少(P<0.05).结论:将药物氯氮平以及齐拉西酮分别与碳酸锂相互联合应用对于双向情感障碍躁狂发作的治疗效果优异,然而应用齐拉西酮与碳酸锂相互联合对于双向情感障碍躁狂发作治疗的不良反应较低,可在临床应用.     

阿立哌唑联合丙戊酸钠缓释片治疗双相障碍躁狂发作40例

目的观察阿立哌唑联合丙戊酸钠缓释片治疗双相障碍躁狂发作的疗效和安全性。方法利用随机对照方法,将79例双向障碍躁狂发作患者分为研究组40例(阿立哌唑合并丙戊酸钠缓释片)和对照组39例(奎硫平合并丙戊酸钠缓释片)。观察疗程均为6周,于治疗前及治疗后2,4,6周末采用Young躁狂评定量表、阳性和阴性症状量表(PANSS)评定临床疗效,安全性指标包括不良反应、实验室检查和心电图检查。结果 Young躁狂评定量表减分值比较显示,研究组的总有效率为72.50%,对照组的总有效率为74.36%,但研究组治疗2周末Young躁狂评定量表减分较对照组下降更快(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,无显著差异性(P>0.05)。结论阿立哌唑联合丙戊酸钠缓释片治疗双相情感障碍躁狂发作与奎硫平联合丙戊酸钠缓释片疗效相同,且安全性高、起效快,适用于躁狂急性期的治疗。     

Asenapine: a review of its use in the management of mania in adults with bipolar I disorder

Asenapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent available in sublingual formulations (5 or 10 mg) and indicated in the US (Saphris) for the acute treatment, as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy, of manic and mixed episodes and in the EU (Sycrest) for the treatment of moderate to severe manic episodes, in adult patients with bipolar I disorder. In two large (both n = 480), well designed, 3-week trials in adult patients with bipolar I disorder, asenapine monotherapy was significantly more effective than placebo at improving mania symptoms, as assessed using the Young Mania Rating Scale total score (YMRS; primary endpoint), with significant differences between the asenapine and placebo groups occurring after 2 days of treatment. In both trials, Clinical Global Impression for Bipolar Disorder (CGI-BP) scale mania severity scores exceeded those of placebo. In one trial, response and remission rates exceeded those of placebo. In a 9-week extension study that recruited completers from the monotherapy trials, there were no significant differences between asenapine and olanzapine groups in terms in Montgomery-?sberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) scores, CGI-BP mania severity scores, YMRS response rates or YMRS remission rates during the extension phase. In the extension study, the efficacy of asenapine monotherapy appeared to be maintained over 40 weeks (total treatment duration of 52 weeks). In a 12-week trial of asenapine as adjunctive therapy to lithium or valproate, asenapine was more effective than placebo in improving manic symptoms, based on the difference between groups in the YMRS total score at week 3 (primary endpoint). Most adverse events associated with asenapine were of mild to moderate severity, with <7% of asenapine recipients experiencing serious adverse events (vs 7% with placebo). In a pooled analysis of the monotherapy trials, the most common adverse events (occurring in ≥ 5% of patients and at twice the incidence of placebo) reported during acute phase asenapine monotherapy for bipolar mania were somnolence, dizziness, extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS, other than akathisia) and increased bodyweight, which were similar in nature to those occurring during longer-term monotherapy with asenapine. EPS did not worsen in severity during longer-term asenapine monotherapy. Asenapine had minimal effects on plasma glucose, lipid and prolactin levels over both short- and longer-term treatment periods, and had little pro-arrhythmogenic potential. Further active comparator trials and longer-term tolerability and safety data are required. In the meantime, asenapine is a further option for the management of manic and/or mixed symptoms in patients with bipolar I disorder and may be of particular value for patients who are at high risk for metabolic abnormalities.     

Olanzapine: a review of its use in the management of bipolar I disorder

Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic that is approved in the US and Europe for the oral treatment of acute manic episodes in patients with bipolar I disorder, and for maintenance therapy to prevent recurrence in responders.Oral olanzapine is effective in the treatment of bipolar mania, both as single agent therapy and as adjunctive therapy in combination with lithium or valproate semisodium. In the treatment of acute episodes, olanzapine is superior to placebo and at least as effective as lithium, valproate semisodium, haloperidol and risperidone in reducing the symptoms of mania and inducing remission. Additional comparative studies are required to determine the efficacy of olanzapine relative to newer atypical antipsychotics, such as quetiapine, ziprasidone and aripiprazole. Olanzapine is also effective at delaying or preventing relapse during long-term maintenance therapy in treatment responders, and is currently the only atypical antipsychotic approved for this indication. Current evidence suggests that olanzapine may be more effective than lithium in preventing relapse into mania, but not relapse into depression or relapse overall. Olanzapine is generally well tolerated, and although it is associated with a higher incidence of weight gain than most atypical agents, it has a low incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). Therefore, oral olanzapine is a useful first-line or adjunctive agent for both the acute treatment of manic episodes and the long-term prevention of relapse into manic, depressive or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder.     

Oral ziprasidone in the treatment of patients with bipolar disorders: a critical review

Ziprasidone, a benzisothiazolyl piperazine derivative of tiospirone, is a second-generation antipsychotic with high-affinity antagonism for 5-hydroxytryptophan (5HT)(2A), 5HT(2C), 5HT(1D) and D(2) receptors, pre- and post-synaptic agonism for 5HT(1A) receptors, and inhibition of reuptake for serotonin and norepinephrine. Initially approved for the treatment of adults with schizophrenia, ziprasidone has more recently received supplementary indications for acute manic and mixed episodes and as maintenance therapy for people affected by bipolar disorder. Based on MEDLINE citations up to November 2010 and hand-searched references, this article relating to ziprasidone addresses its short- and long-term efficacy and safety, according to the results of randomized clinical trials, open-label studies and real-world experiences. Emerging evidence indicates that in patients with bipolar disorder, ziprasidone provides valid efficacy and remarkable safety when administered alone for the treatment of manic and mixed episodes. The same applies when ziprasidone is administered in combination with lithium or valproate for the prevention of affective relapses and recurrences. Any conclusion on the potential of ziprasidone as an antidepressant should be postponed because of insufficient evidence.     

碳酸锂联合喹硫平治疗双相情感障碍的临床研究

目的 观察碳酸锂联合喹硫平治疗双相情感障碍的临床疗效和安全性.方法 368例双相情感障碍患者随机分为对照组180例和观察组188例.对照组给予碳酸锂和喹硫平安慰剂治疗;观察组给予碳酸锂联合喹硫平治疗,每天2次,两组患者疗程均为8周.治疗1、2、4、8周后,用17项汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD-17)评分和阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评价两组患者的恢复情况,同时在治疗前和治疗8周后检测患者血液中白细胞介素(IL)-1,IL-10和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)浓度并比较.采用药物不良反应量表(TESS)评估药物引起的副作用.结果 两组患者治疗8周后,临床症状明显改善(P<0.05);并且观察组HAMD评分和PANSS评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05).观察组治疗后显效率为73.9%,显著高于对照组的50.5%(P<0.05).两组患者血液中IL-1,IL-10和TNF-α较治疗前均有所改善,且观察组患者改善更加明显(P<0.05).两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 碳酸锂联合喹硫平治疗双相情感障碍临床疗效显著,且不增加不良反应的发生率.     

Spotlight on olanzapine in bipolar I disorder

Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic that is approved in the US and Europe for the oral treatment of acute manic episodes in patients with bipolar I disorder and for maintenance therapy to prevent recurrence in responders. Oral olanzapine is effective in the treatment of bipolar mania, both as single agent therapy and as adjunctive therapy in combination with lithium or valproate semisodium. In the treatment of acute episodes, olanzapine is superior to placebo and at least as effective as lithium, valproate semisodium, haloperidol and risperidone in reducing the symptoms of mania and inducing remission. Additional comparative studies are required to determine the efficacy of olanzapine relative to newer atypical antipsychotics such as quetiapine, ziprasidone and aripiprazole. Olanzapine is also effective at delaying or preventing relapse during long-term maintenance therapy in treatment responders and is currently the only atypical antipsychotic approved for this indication. Current evidence suggests that olanzapine may be more effective than lithium in preventing relapse into mania, but not relapse into depression or relapse overall. Olanzapine is generally well tolerated and, although it is associated with a higher incidence of weight gain than most atypical agents, it has a low incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms. Therefore, oral olanzapine is a useful first-line or adjunctive agent for both the acute treatment of manic episodes and the long-term prevention of relapse into manic, depressive or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder.     

Practical guidance for prescribing ziprasidone in acute manic or mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder

INTRODUCTION: Limited information is available on the clinical issues and strategies for optimal clinical usage of ziprasidone in the treatment of adult patients with acute manic or mixed episodes of bipolar disorder. AREAS COVERED: To address those issues, information from clinical trials addressing the efficacy and tolerability of ziprasidone in acute bipolar mania was reviewed and supplemented with the input from an expert faculty of European psychiatrists with extensive experience in treating patients with bipolar mania, both in clinical trials and in everyday clinical practice. EXPERT OPINION: Effective use of oral ziprasidone in the treatment of acute bipolar mania requires rapid titration to doses in the range 120 - 160 mg/day and administration with meals of ≥ 500 kcal. As in the clinical trials, temporary short-term use of benzodiazepines (in particular lorazepam for agitation or temazepam for insomnia) could be advisable. Available evidence from randomized clinical trials in combination with clinical experience supports the use of ziprasidone as one of the first-line effective and safe treatments for acute manic or mixed episodes associated with bipolar I disorder.