河南省传染性非典型肺炎患者胸部X线表现

目的 :探讨传染性非典型肺炎的X线表现及变化规律。方法 :对河南省临床诊断的 1 5例患者发病后不同时间的系列胸片和CT进行回顾性分析。结果 :1 5例胸部X线病灶初始形态为斑片状 1 1例 (73.3% ) ,大片状 4例 (2 6 .7% ) ;双侧 9例 (6 0 .0 % ) ,单侧 6例 (4 0 .0 % ) ,均为中、下肺野 (1 0 0 % )。动态观察发现病变进展快 ,病变发展到高峰期时间为 4～ 1 4d , x±s(7.7± 3.2 )d ,双侧 1 3例 (86 .7% ) ,单侧 2例 (1 3.3% ) ,两肺叶及两肺叶以上病变者 1 4例 (93.3% )。病变开始吸收时间为 6～ 2 1d , x±s(1 1 .3± 4 .1 )d ;完全或基本吸收时间 8～ 2 6d , x±s(1 6 .4± 5 .0 )d。1 5例经治疗均痊愈出院。住院时间 1 8～ 4 2d , x±s(31 .9± 7.9)d。 结论 :传染性非典型肺炎的胸部X线特点为急性双侧或单侧多叶炎性浸润阴影 ,以中、下野常见 ,进展迅速 ,及时复查胸部X线对临床诊断及判断病情具有重要价值。     

唐山市传染性非典型肺炎的临床特点

①目的　总结唐山市传染性非典型肺炎 (非典 )的临床特点 ,为临床病例的诊断和治疗方案的选择提供参考。②方法　回顾性分析 48例非典患者临床诊断住院资料。③结果　儿童、青少年所占比例最低 (8.3 % ) ,医护人员比例最高 (2 7.1 % ) ,存在一定的空间聚集性。高热、打喷嚏、咳嗽、咯痰是最常见的早期症状。白细胞计数升高 (1 0 .7± 4 .0 )× 1 0 9/L 淋巴细胞百分比下降 (1 8.3±9.6) %。双肺病变占 63 .8% ,多叶病变 2 1 .3 % ,X线片状阴影占 91 .5 %。发病后 (8.0± 5 .7)天体温恢复正常 ;住院后 (1 0 .9± 6 .7)天 ,大部分病例 (37例 )的X线改变恢复正常。④结论　非典患者的临床症状和体征缺乏特异性 ,流行病学证据和血清学检查是确定诊断的必要条件。合理使用类固醇类激素 ,可能有利于非典患者的临床治疗。     

一氧化氮改善重症SARS患者氧合状态的即刻观察

目的 :观察吸入一氧化氮 (NO)对严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)患者的即刻效果。方法 :5例重症SARS患者 ,病程 >1个月伴有低氧血症 ,胸片有大面积阴影。 2例患者使用了无创正压通气 ;所有 5例患者均进行面罩或鼻导管氧疗 ,条件 5～ 8L/min。吸入NO作为辅助治疗。结果 :吸入 1 5～ 3 0 ppmNO可使血氧饱和度从93 %提高到 99% ,维持 99%的血氧饱和度可平均减少 2L/min的氧流量。应用无创正压通气的 2例患者脱离呼吸机 1d后 ,血氧饱和度不降低。 3例患者吸入NO >3d。 2例患者在吸入NO 1～ 2d后脱机停用。 4例患者在停用NO后血氧饱和度继续升高 ,临床症状得以改善。结论 :NO吸入治疗可暂时改善重症SARS患者的氧合功能及临床症状。     

37 例SARS疑似患者的诊治体会

1　临床资料1.1病例资料 37例SARS疑似患者均来自 2 0 0 3年 3月 2 1日至 2 0 0 3年 5月 6日我院传染病科住院患者。男 2 4例 ,女13例 ,年龄 18～ 73岁 ,平均 (33.5 2± 4 .5 6 )岁。1.2诊断和鉴别诊断标准SARS疑似和确诊患者的临床诊断依据国家卫生部 2 0 0 3年 5月 3日颁布的《SARS临床诊断标准 (试行 )》 ,所有SARS疑似和确诊患者入院后 ,除血、尿、便三大常规和生化全套等检查外。均定期进行血常规、胸片X线检查、血清肺炎支原体抗体、肺炎衣原体抗体、结核菌抗体、军团菌抗体、肥达和外斐反应等病原学血清抗体检查 ,并结合临床…     

SARS患者2例的诊断与治疗

目的探讨严重急性呼吸综合征(SARS)的诊断与治疗.方法观察南京地区2003年4月30日至5月30日收治的SARS确诊患者的流行病学、临床症状、实验室检查和X线胸片表现,比较SARS患者治疗前后临床症状、实验室检查和X线胸片的变化情况.结果共收治2例SARS患者,年龄分别为28和36岁.SARS患者在流行病学明显表现为密切接触传播.以发热为首发症状,其次为干咳和肌肉酸痛.发病期患者唾液和血液中SARS冠状病毒RNA为阳性.发病第11天患者血液中检测到SARS病毒抗体IgM,第12～16天时出现抗体IgG.入院后患者白细胞低于4×109L-1,淋巴细胞低于1.5×109L-1,血小板低于100×109L-1,治疗5 d后白细胞和血小板增加到正常范围,但淋巴细胞在第17天才恢复正常.患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶和乳酸脱氢酶明显升高,治疗10 d后降至正常范围.患者T细胞绝对计数明显降低,治疗21 d后恢复正常.X线胸片表现为双侧多叶病变,发病5～10 d渗出病变最严重.治疗上经验性应用抗生素、利巴韦利和调节免疫功能等.2例患者均用糖皮质激素治疗,疗程分别为18 d和24 d.1例行无创机械通气治疗,疗程5 d.2例患者全部存活.结论SARS通过密切接触传播,流行病学史和病原学检查是重要的诊断依据.SARS表现为多器官受损,综合支持治疗是行之有效的方法.     

传染性非典型肺炎的影像学表现

目的　探讨传染性非典型肺炎 (又称SARS)的影像表现特征和发展规律。　方法　对 2 2例确诊为SARS的地方患者影像资料进行观察 ,就其病变发生的时间、部位、性质和病变进展情况进行分析。　结果　本组确诊患者中 ,临床症状出现 1～ 4d影像表现为阳性者占 82 %,48d影像为阳性的占 18%。多数患者的病灶首先发生在肺下野。进展期病变发展迅速 ,常累多部位及双肺 ,不以肺叶或肺段分布。好转病例 ,肺部阴影吸收一般出现在治疗后的 8～ 12d。　结论　SARS的主要影像表现为 :(1)边缘起病 ;(2 )多部位病变 ,累及下肺多于累及上肺 ;(3)影像表现与临床体征有时不符 ;(4)病变变化迅速 ;(5 )CT比X线胸片早 1～ 3d发现早期病变。影像诊断必须密切结合临床和实验室检查。     

重症急性呼吸综合征患者的临床特点及预后

目的 :了解重症急性呼吸综合征 (severeacuterespiratorysyndrome ,SARS)患者的临床特点和预后。方法 :对 2 0 0 3年 3～ 6月曾在我院住院的 10 4例SARS患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果 :10 4例患者中 ,男 37例 ,女 6 7例 ,年龄 15～ 79(41. 9± 14. 8)岁。家庭成员及医院内交叉感染为重要传染途径。98 1%的患者以发热为首发症状 ,发热日数平均 9 5± 4 8d ,但 2 0 . 2 %的患者病程 4～ 5周又出现一过性低热 ,其它症状包括疲乏 (91. 3% ) ,咳嗽 (78 .8% ) ,气短或呼吸困难 (5 6. 7% ) ,心悸 (30. 8% ) ,腹泻 (18. 3% ) ,ARDS(11. 5 % ) ,实验室检查示白细胞计数 <4 0× 10 9/L占 33 6 % ,淋巴细胞计数 <1 0× 10 .9/L为 5 0 .0 % ,ALT、AST增高 2 5 . 0 % ,CK增高 19 2 % ,LDH增高 36 5 %。ECG示 17 3%的患者ST -T异常 ,窦性心动过缓 7 7% ,胸X线片或肺CT示所有患者均有肺部阴影 ,多位于中下肺野 ,单发阴影 15 . 4 % ,单侧多发阴影9 6 % ,双侧多发阴影 75 . 0 %。 92. 3%的患者使用肾上腺皮质激素治疗 ,36 5 %使用无创机械通气 ,2 %行有创机械通气治疗。死亡 11例 (10 . 6 % )。结论 :SARS患者临床特点以呼吸系统为主的多系统损害。影像学改变主要为双肺中下野多发斑片状阴影。病死率 10 %     

河南省传染性非典型肺炎病例临床分析

目的 :分析河南省传染性非典型肺炎 (SARS)的临床特点 ,并对其诊断和治疗方法进行探讨。方法 :对2 0 0 3年 4月至 2 0 0 3年 6月河南省收治的 1 5例SARS患者的症状、体征、实验室检查、影像学资料及治疗进行回顾性分析。结果 :1 5例传染性非典型肺炎患者男 :女为 1 :1 .5 ,年龄 2 0～ 5 3岁 , x±s(34.4± 9.9)岁。有明确流行病学接触史 1 1例 (73.3% )。潜伏期 4～ 1 0d , x±s(6 .6± 1 .7)d。主要症状包括 :发热 1 5例 (1 0 0 % ) ,乏力 1 3例 (87.6 % ) ,咳嗽 1 2例 (80 % ) ,呼吸困难 1 0例 (6 6 .7% ) ,畏寒或寒颤 5例 (33.3% ) ,咳痰 3例 (2 0 % )。体征包括 :呼吸增快 7例 (4 6 .7% ) ,紫绀 4例 (2 6 .7% )。WBC >1 0 .0× 1 0 9L-1 2例 (1 3.3% ) ,(4 .0～ 1 0 .0 )× 1 0 9L-1 1 1例 (73.4 % ) ,<4 .0× 1 0 9L-12例 (1 3.3% ) ,淋巴细胞计数≤ 1 .0× 1 0 9L-1 9例 (6 0 % ) ,(1 .0～ 2 .0 )× 1 0 9L-1 3例 (2 0 % ) ,>2 .0× 1 0 9L-1 3例(2 0 % )。首次胸部X线片示病变累及双侧肺叶 9例 (6 0 % )、单侧多叶 6例 (4 0 % ) ,病变发展到高峰时间 4～ 1 4d , x±s(7.7± 3.2 )d、病变开始吸收时间 6～ 2 1d , x±s(1 1 .3± 4 .1 )d、病变完全或基本吸收时间 8～ 2 6d , x±s(1 6 .4± 5 .0 )     

3种成像技术在SARS检查中的价值

为探讨 3种成像技术在严重急性呼吸综合征 (SARS)患者检查中的应用价值 ,对 84例SARS患者的影像结果进行分析。其中 5 6例行普通胸片检查 ,2 8例行CR(计算机X线成像 )或DR(数字化X线成像 )检查[1] ;在CR检查患者中有 8例行CT检查。发现 :患者发病 1～ 3d内普通胸片发现病变的共 3 6例 ( 64.3 % ) ,CR(DR)发现病变 2 1例( 75 % ) ,CT均有异常表现。提示 :胸部CT扫描能早期发现SARS患者肺部异常 ,明显优于胸片 (P =0 .0 3 8) ;在动态观察过程中CR(DR)优于普通胸片。     

蒙药清热八味散（额日赫木—8）对SARS的临床研究

目的 :观察蒙药额日赫木— 8对SARS的临床疗效。方法 :对照组 2 1例 ,给以抗病毒 ,预防感染 ,免疫调节 ,营养支持 ,对症治疗 ;治疗组 2 1例 ,在上述治疗基础上加用蒙药额日赫木— 8,3g/次 ,2次 /日 ,冲服 ,疗程 10d。观察两组SARS患者治疗前后的发热、头痛、全身疼痛、乏力、咳嗽、胸痛、呼吸困难、腹泻 ;白细胞计数 (WBC) ,淋巴细胞总数 (LC) ,血小板计数 (PT) ,血尿素氮 (BUN) ,血肌酐 (Cr) ,谷丙转氨酶 (ALT) ,谷草转氨酶 (AST) ;动脉血氧饱和度 (SaO2 ) ;胸部X线检查 17项指标。结果 :①治疗组较对照组发热天数平均缩短 2 0d ,组间差异有显著性意义 ,P <0 0 5 ;且体温改善疗效积分 2 31± 0 6 0 ,较对照组 1 4 0± 0 6 4,组间差异有显著性意义 ,P <0 0 0 1。②治疗组动脉血氧饱和度 (SaO2 ) ,治疗前后组内差异有显著性意义 ,P<0 0 5。③两组间胸部X线阴影改善积分治疗组优于对照组 ,组间差异有显著性意义 ,P <0 0 5。结论 :对本组SARS病人研究结果显示 :在西药治疗的基础上加服蒙药额日赫木— 8对缩短发热周期 ,改善机体缺氧 ,促进肺部阴影吸收有一定的效果 ,其机理有待进一步临床验证。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.