保留喉功能的下咽癌切除术

目的探讨下咽癌手术保留喉功能的可行性及疗效.方法对23例下咽癌患者实施保留喉功能的下咽癌切除术,应用带状肌肌筋膜等修复喉咽腔,术后予以辅助性放射治疗.结果23例均恢复发声功能,16例恢复了喉全功能,吞咽成功率为95.7%,并发症发生率为47.8%(11/23).3年和5年生存率分别为69.6%(16/23)和47.8%(11/23).结论下咽癌手术多数能保留喉的正常部分,经过整复可恢复喉的全部或部分功能.     

保留喉功能的下咽癌手术

目的探讨下咽癌保留喉功能手术的可行性、技术操作及疗效。方法回顾性分析１９７８－１９９６年间３０５例（男２７９,妇女６;年龄１４－７７岁）经手术治疗的下咽恶性肿瘤（１９８７年ＵＩＣＣ分期：Ⅰ期６例;Ⅱ期１２例;Ⅲ期８２例;Ⅳ期２０５例）,其中梨状窝癌２３４例,环后癌２１例,下咽后壁区癌３５例,下咽上区癌１５例。２０６例（６７．５４％,分期：Ｉ期６例;Ⅱ期１２例;Ⅲ期６５例;Ⅳ期１２３例）作了喉功能保     

保留喉功能的下咽癌手术

目的　探讨下咽癌保留喉功能手术的可行性、技术操作及疗效。方法　回顾性分析１９７８ ～１９９６ 年间３０５ 例（ 男２７９,女２６;年龄１４ ～７７ 岁） 经手术治疗的下咽恶性肿瘤（１９８７ 年ＵＩＣＣ分期：Ｉ期６ 例;ＩＩ期１２ 例;ＩＩＩ期８２ 例;ＩＶ期２０５ 例） ,其中梨状窝癌２３４ 例,环后癌２１ 例,下咽后壁区癌３５ 例,下咽上区癌１５ 例。２０６ 例（６７．５４ ％ ,分期：Ｉ期６ 例;ＩＩ期１２ 例;ＩＩＩ期６５ 例;ＩＶ期１２３ 例） 作了喉功能保留手术,９９ 例（３３．４６％ ,ＩＩＩ期１７ 例;ＩＶ期８２ 例） 未保留喉功能。术后根据需要给予放射治疗（２８５ 例） ,剂量５５～７５Ｇｙ。结果　３０５ 例总５ 年生存率为４４．８％ （８６／１９２）。各期分别为Ｉ期８３％ ;ＩＩ期７１％ ;ＩＩＩ期５８％ ;ＩＶ期３６ ％ 。２０６ 例喉功能保留组,喉功能（ 呼吸、发音及吞咽保护） 全恢复１３９ 例（６７．５％ ） ;部分（ 发音及吞咽保护）恢复６７ 例（３２．５％ ） ;５ 年生存率为４８％ （６６ 例） 。保留喉功能组与不保留喉功能组的５ 年生存率、并发症、肿瘤残存率及术后吞咽成功率,经统计学分析差异均无显著性。结论　只有较少数下咽癌患者需     

下咽癌的手术治疗与喉功能保留

以往对于下咽癌的手术治疗多采用全咽喉切除术,术后喉功能丧失,给患者工作和生活带来极大不便。本文就保留喉功能下咽癌手术的可行性及相应术后下咽或／及颈段食管缺损的修复方法作一综述。     

保留喉功能的下咽癌手术后缺损的修复

目的初步探讨在保留喉功能的下咽癌手术中,肿瘤切除后局部创面的修复方式。方法回顾性分析2013年3月~2018年3月33例下咽癌患者行保留喉功能肿瘤切除术后的临床资料,其中14例采用局部黏膜拉拢缝合,2例采用胸骨舌骨肌筋膜瓣修复缺损,4例采用异种牛脱细胞真皮基质修复膜,2例采用胸大肌皮瓣修复,4例锁骨上岛状皮瓣修复缺损,4例采用游离股前外侧皮瓣修复缺损,3例采用食管内翻拔脱胃上徙手术;观察缺损修复后患者伤口的愈合情况。结果33例患者喉功能良好,3例患者早期有轻微误吸,锻炼2周后即可正常进食。全部患者恢复吞咽功能,食管入口狭窄2例,后经局部扩张好转。咽瘘2例,局部换药1个月愈合。所有患者术后随访1年以上,生存率为78.79%（26/33）,目前正在随访中。结论在保留喉功能的下咽癌手术中,防止误吸和避免咽食管狭窄是肿瘤切除后修复的主要目标;根据患者的具体情况,选择适合患者的个体化修复方法,既可以恢复下咽的结构和功能,还可以避免不必要的副损伤。     

晚期喉癌下咽癌的喉保留——一个仍需探讨的问题

多数可手术切除的晚期喉癌下咽癌采用根治性手术加放疗后常导致喉丧失。放疗技术的进步、次全喉切除术的应用和放疗、化疗的联合治疗都使喉保留术取得了重要进展。诱导化疗在不降低生存率的情况下,喉保留可达５０％￣６０％,展示了较好的前景。然而,喉保留仍存在许多有待解决的问题,需进一步研究。     

梨状窝癌的手术治疗与喉功能保留

目的：探讨梨状窝癌外科治疗与喉功能保留的可行性。方法：分析42例保留喉功能梨状窝癌切除患者的手术方法、并发症、生存率等。结果：术后拔管率为61．9％（26／42）,3、5年生存率分别为76．1％和66.6％,并发症发生率为31．0％（13／42）。结论：保留喉功能梨状窝癌手术适用于T1、T2及经过仔细选择的Ⅲ、Ⅳ期肿瘤患者,该术式不影响患者的生存率,并能提高患者的生存质量。     

梨状窝内侧壁癌切除与喉功能保留

目的 探讨梨状窝内侧壁癌切除喉功能保留犬的技术方法和临床疗效。方法 回顾分析手术治疗的梨状窝内侧壁癌71例。其中49例行喉功能保留术;22例未保存喉功能。喉功能保留手术方法：①切除范围：声带活动正常者行患侧水平上半喉＋梨状窝内侧壁切除;声带活动受限者行同侧水平半喉＋声门旁间隙＋梨状窝内侧壁切除;声带固定者行患侧垂直半喉＋梨状窝内侧壁和部分梨状窝外侧壁切除,梨状窝尖受累者切除范围扩大到环状软骨环和颈段食管;②修复:喉修复对利用会厌、甲状软骨膜、带状肌肌筋膜、颈前皮瓣修复喉缺损;梨状窝修复对缺损范围小者用下咽粘膜瓣或残缘粘膜后直接讨合,对缺损范围大者用胸大肌肌皮瓣转移及胸三角皮瓣修复;③颈淋巴结处理：71例中65例（91．5％）行颈清扫术,其中同侧颈清扫术39例,双侧颈清扫术26例;④术后全部病例予以辅助放射性治疗,剂量60－75Gy。结果 寿命表法统计3年、5年生存率：喉功能保留组分别为63．4％和49．6％;喉功能不保留组分别为52．4％和42．4％。喉功能保留组喉功能全部恢复者占71．4％（35／49）,部分恢复者占28．6％（14／49）。结论 梨状窝内侧壁癌易侵入喉部,但多数病例在彻底切除肿瘤病灶的前提下保留喉功能是可行的。     

喉功能保留的梨状窝癌外科治疗

目的 评价喉功能保留梨状窝癌的手术治疗效果。方法 回顾性分析了１９７４～１９９４年６月我院初治的４４例经保留喉功能手术治疗的梨状窝癌病例,其中Ｔ１１０例Ｔ２１８例,Ｔ４２例。２例术后放射治疗,４２例术前放射治疗,原发灶术式包括：３６例梨状窝切除术;８例喉及下咽部分切除术。结果 ４４例５年生存率为５０％,Ｉ期为８０％,Ⅱ期为７１．４３％,Ⅲ期为５２．９％,Ⅳ期为２６．７％,总的局部控制率为８１．８％     

保留喉功能的梨状窝癌手术14例

目的 探讨保留喉功能的梨状窝癌手术方法和适应证。方法 梨状窝癌患者14例, Ⅰ期3例, Ⅱ期5例, Ⅲ期4例, Ⅳ期2例。行保留喉功能的手术治疗, 术后放疗40～55 Gy。结果 随访5年, 14例均恢复发音功能, 12例拔管。3年生存率为64.29%, 5年生存率为42.86%。结论 经严格术前评估, 大部分梨状窝癌患者可通过精细手术保留喉正常组织, 并通过多种修复方法恢复喉的全部或部分功能。     

Immune Reactivity Does Not Predict Chemotherapy Response,Organ Preservation,or Survival in Advanced Laryngeal Cancer

Objective To determine whether pretreatment lymphocyte subpopulations correlate with tumor response to induction chemotherapy as part of an organ preservation treatment approach in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer. Study Design A prospective clinical trial in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer was undertaken to determine whether the frequency of late salvage laryngectomy and overall survival could be improved using one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to select patients for organ preservation. Pretreatment peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations for CD3, CD4, CD8, NK, and B cells were correlated with tumor response to induction chemotherapy, larynx preservation, and survival, to determine whether immune parameters could be useful in patient selection. Methods The study setting was a tertiary referral academic health center. Studied were 53 patients with stage III (42%) or IV (57%) larynx cancer. Most patients had supraglottic cancers (73%) and positive clinical nodes (51%). Sixty‐eight percent had greater than 50% tumor response after one cycle of induction chemotherapy and then received concurrent chemoradiation and two cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy. Lymphocyte subpopulations were measured in 39 patients. Mean follow‐up was 23.3 months (range, 5–61 mo). Results A total of 18 (34%) patients underwent laryngectomy. Only 4 cases were late salvage resections (13–35 mo after treatment). Fourteen cases were planned surgery after initial chemotherapy. Of the lymphocyte subpopulations measured, CD8 levels were significantly lower in stage IV patients and tended to be lower in patients with successful organ preservation. However, no significant differences in lymphocyte subpopulations were found among responders and nonresponders to chemotherapy. Overall survival was 88%. Conclusions One cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was effective in selecting patients for organ preservation. The regimen of definitive concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with an unexpectedly high 2‐year survival rate. Lymphocyte subsets were not significant predictors of responding patients or survival. Further study of other biological markers useful in selecting patients for organ preservation are needed.     

选择性喉返神经吻合术治疗喉麻痹的实验研究

目的 研究不同神经源分别支配受损喉返神经内收及外展肌支的神经肌电表现。方法 将实验组犬左喉返神经完全切断，再将其外展肌支及内收肌支分别同期与同侧膈神经支及颈袢胸舌肌支吻合，吻合术后6个月分别用神经电图仪、光镜、电镜及直达喉镜等方法全面检测甲杓肌与环杓后肌神经肌电活动情况，所得数据用统计学方法进行分析。结果 吻合术后6个月，喉内收及外展肌均出现动作电位波，其甲杓肌潜伏期与术前比较无差异，甲杓肌神经传导速度已恢复正常，环杓后肌神经传导速度稍慢。结论 选择性喉返神经吻合术最大限度地从生理及解剖上避免了吻合术后喉内肌的联带运动问题，达到了预期目的。     

Clinical Impact of Using Chemoradiotherapy as a Primary Treatment for Hypopharyngeal Cancer

Eighty-eight patients with hypopharyngeal cancer who received chemoradiotherapy as the primary treatment between 1979 and 1997 were investigated. Forty-six patients who received surgery as the primary treatment were analyzed as a control group. There were no statistically significant differences regarding TN classification, tumor stage, tumor site, age or sex between the radiation and surgery groups. The 5-year cumulative survival rate of primary chemoradiotherapy was 47% and this did not differ significantly from that for the primary surgery group. The larynx was preserved in 74% of cases in the primary chemoradiotherapy group, a far better preservation rate than that in the surgery group. After primary chemoradiotherapy, complete remission (CR) was observed in 59% of cases and the average period of CR was 38 months. Among patients with residual tumor, a salvage operation was employed in 31 cases, 13 patients refused to receive surgery and 8 were inoperable. A salvage operation was performed in 35% of all cases and the 5-year cumulative survival rate was 50%. Based on the 5-year survival, primary CR, salvage and laryngeal preservation rates, we conclude that chemoradiotherapy is a good primary treatment for hypopharyngeal cancer