Ureteral complications in renal transplantation with more than one donor ureter.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ureteral complications of renal transplant recipients with more than one donor ureter METHODS: Between 1967 and 1997, 19 patients (median age 34 years, range 6-62 years) received renal transplants from donors with more than one ureter. There were 18 donor organs with two ureters, and one patient underwent en bloc renal transplantation with four donor ureters. In nine patients, the ureters were implanted separately at the bladder dome according to the extravesical technique of Witzel, Sampson, Lich and R?hl. In 10 patients, we performed a modification of this extravesical technique according to Nghiem with a side-to-side anastomosis of the ureters before completing the ureteroneocystostomy. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 55 months (range 2-218 months), no graft loss due to ureteral complications was noted. One patient died due to myocardial infarction, seven patients returned to dialysis without ureteral complications. There were two patients (one patient after side-to-side ureteral anastomosis, one patient with separate implantation of the two ureters) with ureteral obstruction of one donor ureter. Both patients underwent open surgical revision with temporarily placement of internal ureteral stents. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of multiple ureters from donor kidneys is associated with a higher complication rate in our patient population compared with donor kidneys with one ureter. There was no difference in the long-term outcome between the two implantation techniques used.     

Results of the ureteral reimplantation with serous-lined extramural tunnel in orthotopic ileal W-neobladder

Background: Our experience in uretero‐ileal anastomosis using the serous‐lined extramural tunnel in orthotopic ileal W‐neobladder is presented. Methods: Between June 1998 and November 2001, 42 patients (40 men and two women) underwent radical cystectomy and orthotopic ileal neobladder for invasive bladder cancer. The ureters were reimplanted into serous‐lined extramural tunnels as described by Abol‐Enein and Ghoneim. However, we made minor modifications during the ureteral reimplantation in cases that necessitated distal ureteral excision and with grossly dilated ureters. Evaluation included clinical and radiographic studies to determine functional and oncological outcomes. Results: There was no operative mortality. The mean follow‐up period was 28 months (range 12–52). Early complications occurred in four patients (9.5%). An endarterectomy for acute popliteal arterial embolism, the excision of the pouchointestinal fistula and a temporary colostomy were performed in two of these four patients. The other two patients were treated conservatively. Late complications occurred in eight patients (19%). Reflux was observed in three renal units (3.7%), ureterointestinal strictures in another three renal units (3.7%) and urethroileal stenosis in two patients (4.8%). In all cases, stabilization or improvement of renal function was achieved. No metabolic complications were observed. Conclusions: Ileal W‐neobladder with a serous‐lined extramural tunnel is a safe, reliable form of lower urinary tract reconstruction. The method can be carried out with equal ease in grossly dilated ureters and in cases that necessitate distal ureteral excision.     

Refluxing ureterointestinal anastomosis for continent cutaneous urinary diversion

PURPOSE: We question the statement that anti-refluxing ureteral implantation is mandatory in low pressure, high capacity reservoirs. In a series of patients with ureteral obstruction after implantation with an anti-refluxing submucosal tunnel reimplantation was performed as a direct ureter-pouch anastomosis. The same technique was used for primary anastomosis in a later group of patients as the method of choice for ileocolic and colonic continent urinary diversion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Direct ureteral reimplantation was performed in 10 patients in whom a total of 19 obstructed renal units were associated with an ileocolic reservoir. The retroperitoneal supracostal approach was used to avoid complications caused by repeat laparotomy. The ileocecal reservoir was opened superior and the obstructed ureter was identified and reimplanted via a buttonhole. The same technique was used for primary anastomosis in 20 patients (40 renal units), in whom the ureter was implanted in an ileocecal (10) or colonic (10) pouch. RESULTS: Postoperatively complications did not develop in any patient. Radiography of the pouch postoperatively showed renal reflux in only 1 renal unit. In the group with reimplanted ureters median followup was 81 months (range 10 to 120). Of the 19 obstructed ureters 14 returned to normal, while 5 showed persistent grade I dilatation. Median followup in patients with primary direct ureteral anastomosis was 20 months (range 2 to 36). Of the 22 preoperatively dilated systems 20 returned to normal and none of the 18 nondilated systems was obstructed. CONCLUSIONS: Direct ureter-pouch reimplantation proved to be simple and safe. When performed primarily for continent urinary diversion, the anastomosis was anti-refluxing in pouches with high capacity and low pressure. The advantage of this technique is the low risk of ureteral obstruction and subsequent deterioration in kidney function.     

9例肾移植术后尿瘘的治疗

目的探讨肾移植术后尿瘘并发症的合理治疗方法。方法共治疗9例尿瘘患者,3例单纯经尿道留置Foley导尿管治愈,2例原引创口流口管置入普通导尿管 留置膀胱Foley导尿管双向引流,1例经膀胱镜逆行置入输尿管支架 留置膀胱Foley导尿管、1例行尿性囊肿切排术加留置膀胱Foley导尿等方法治愈,1例进行了开放手术输尿管膀胱重新吻合术 置入输尿管支架,1例行输尿管膀胱肌瓣吻合术无效后,行自体输尿管与移植肾输尿管吻合术。结果所有病例尿瘘治愈,随访1个月～3年,无一例发生输尿管并发症。结论对于肾移植术后尿瘘治疗,可以先采用无创或微创治疗手段,在无创或微创的治疗手段无效后及时采取手术干预。     

Organ-preserving reconstructive operations in reflux into duplicated ureters in children

A total of 54 children, aged 9 mos--14 yrs were operated on for reflux in double ureters. Out of them 38 patients were with ureter duplex and 16 with ureter fissus in prevesical or intramural area. The surgery was indicated by the reflux, stages III-IV, into a single or both ureters or reflux, stage II, in the patients whose a one-year conservative treatment turned to be a failure. Both segments of morphologically competent kidney were preserved during the reconstructive surgery in 27 patients. Unsatisfactory results of resection and neoimplantation of the both ureters according to Politano-Leadbetter as a "united block" as well as of distal ureteroureteral anastomosis made surgeons abandon the techniques. For the recent 10 yrs the authors have used the Politano-Leadbetter technique of ureteropyelo- or pyelopyelo-anastomosis with the cutting out of the upper segment of the ureter, resection of the distal part of the ureteral low segment and its neoimplantation into the urinary bladder. 20 patients were operated on: 7 with ureter duplex and 13 with prevesical or intramural ureter fissus. Unitype surgery was performed: the resection and implantation of a lower ureter segment: in patients with ureter duplex 7 cm of the distal area was resected, in those with ureter fissus a 2-3-cm resection was made proximately to the site of splitting. The outcomes were followed up for the period of 1 to 9 postsurgical years. The operation turned to be beneficial in 17 patients (85 per cent). In 3 patients nephroureterectomy was performed for the complications arisen: renal hemorrhages (1); the obstruction of vesicoureteral anastomosis (1) and apostematous nephritis (1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

肾移植术后尿瘘的治疗策略研究(附72例报告)

目的探讨肾移植术后尿瘘并发症的治疗策略。方法回顾性分析2008年6月至2012年12月在解放军第309医院全军器官移植研究所接受同种异体肾移植术的1 228例患者中,术后发生尿瘘的72例患者的临床资料。结果本组尿瘘发生率为5.86%。患者确诊后,首先保持输尿管支架管留置状态,并采取留置Foley导尿管的方法,在确认无效后在原创口或引流口置入普通导尿管或乳胶管引流,最后采取手术治疗,均采用无张力吻合。72例尿瘘患者中,46例经保守治疗后治愈,26例保守治疗无效后采用手术治疗,其中12例行瘘口修补术+留置膀胱Foley导尿管、10例行输尿管-膀胱重新吻合术+置入输尿管支架治愈,4例行输尿管-膀胱肌瓣吻合术无效后,行自体输尿管-移植肾输尿管吻合术后治愈。2例出现局部伤口感染,经加强引流及抗感染治疗后治愈。结论肾移植术后尿瘘预防胜于治疗,早期诊断、正确选择治疗措施是成功救治的关键。患者确诊后,首先采用保守治疗,确认无效后采取手术治疗,遵循无张力吻合原则。     

The use of long-term defunctionalized bladder in renal transplantation: is it safe?

OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of the use of defunctionalized bladder in renal transplantation, concerning surgical complications. METHODS: In order to assess the complication rate of ureteral reimplantation in long-term defunctionalized bladder, we compared 20 patients on haemodialysis for more than 15 years (group I) with another 20 patients on haemodialysis for less than 5 years (group II). None of these patients had renal failure due to urological causes or neurogenic bladder. Non-stented extravesical ureteroneocystostomy was done routinely in all patients except 1 in group II who underwent Politano-Leadbetter ureteroneocystostomy and 7 patients in group I who underwent Politano-Leadbetter (3 patients) and pyelo-ureteral anastomosis using the recipient's native ureter (4 patients). The amount of residual urine was insignificant (<100 cm(3)) in both groups. RESULTS: The mean postoperative bladder catheterization period was 7.8 days in group I and 4.2 days in group II. Postoperative urinary tract infections were observed in 9 cases of group I and in 4 cases of group II. No surgical complications occurred in patients of group II, while there were 6 patients with surgical complications in group I: stenosis after a pyelo-ureteral anastomosis (1 case), stenosis after a ureterovesical anastomosis with Politano-Leadbetter technique (1 case), urinary fistulae (3 cases; 1 with Politano-Leadbetter ureteroneocystostomy and 2 cases with pyelo-ureteral anastomosis), and vesico-ureteral reflux (1 case with Politano-Leadbetter ureteroneocystostomy). These 6 cases had the lowest bladder capacity (30-150 cm(3)) among our 40 patients. Graft losses were comparable between the two groups and were not due to surgical complications. CONCLUSION: Small defunctionalized bladders can be used in kidney transplantation, but it may represent an increased surgical risk due to difficulty in performing ureteral reimplantation.     

Urological complications in renal transplantation from cadaveric donor grafts: a retrospective analysis of 20 years

INTRODUCTION: This study is a retrospective analysis of ureteral complications and their management from a monocenter series of 277 consecutive renal transplantations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From September 1979 to June 1999, 277 renal transplantations (cadaveric origin) were performed in 241 patients. The ureter from the kidney graft was inserted into the bladder according to the technique of extravesical implantation described by Lich-Gregoir and Campos-Freire. The study analyzed the time of occurrence and the type of complications observed. The different procedures to restore the transplanted urinary tract are presented. RESULTS: Complications occurred in 43/277 renal transplantations (15.5%). Anastomotic urine leakage or ureteral stricture were the most frequent. The time to appearance of these complications was either short (<1 month) or late (>1 month) in a similar number of cases. Most cases were managed surgically: 33/43 cases (76.7%). The most frequent surgical repair was ureterovesical reimplantation (n=13), followed by: ureteroureteral end-to-end anastomosis (native ureter-ureter transplant, n=5); pyeloureteral anastomosis (native ureter-renal pelvis transplant, n=5); simple revision of ureterovesical implantation (n=4); resection and end-to-end anastomosis of the transplant ureter (n=2); calico-vesicostomy (graft-bladder, n=1); implantation according to Boari (n=1); pyelovesicostomy with bipartition of bladder (n=1), and pyeloileocystoplasty with detubularized ileal graft (n=1). No deaths related to any of the urological complications were reported. However, 2 consecutive vesico-renal refluxes led to the loss of the kidney graft in the long-term. CONCLUSION: The rate of complications observed in this retrospective analysis is similar to the experience of other studies, ranging from 2 to 20%. If the classical extravesical ureteral bladder implantation is to remain an attractive technique due to its simplicity, the surgical team at the training center should be aware of all the means to prevent any ureteral complications, such as the choice of another implantation technique and/or insertion of a transient ureteral stent.     

改良Sigma直肠膀胱术中输尿管单腔、并腔肠吻合的疗效分析

目的 评价改良Sigma直肠膀胱术中输尿管单并腔肠吻合的疗效.方法 对14例膀胱多发移行细胞癌、1例膀胱腺癌根治性膀胱全切术后患者行改良Sigma直肠膀胱术.折叠25 cm直肠乙状结肠缝合成U形储尿囊,其中输尿管分别单腔与储尿囊吻合5例、双输尿管末端1.5～2.0cm并腔缝合后与储尿囊吻合10例.结果 15例患者控尿良好,无明显水电解质酸碱紊乱,术后15～22 d痊愈出院.13例随访8～24个月,其中输尿管单腔肠吻合4例出现吻合口狭窄、轻～重度肾积水,并腔肠吻合9例未出现肾积水.结论 改良Sigma直肠膀胱术创伤小、并发症少,患者可通过肛门括约肌自控排尿,无需配带尿袋或间断导尿,符合生理要求,提高了患者的生活质量;输尿管并腔后吻合口径大,不易发生狭窄等严重并发症.

Abstract：

Objective To make a comparison of curative effect of 1 and 2 ureters anastomosis in modified sigma operation. Methods Modified sigma operation was used after radical cystectomy in 14 cases of bladder transitional cell carcinoma and 1 case of adenocarcinoma of the bladder.We used a folded suture of 25 cm from the sigmoid colon to make the U-shaped urinary reservoirs to anastomose with the ureters in study group.Among study group,1 ureter was anastomosed with urinary reservoir in 5 cases.In the other 10 cases,1.5-2 cm of the terminal parts of 2 ureters were sutured tI am not sure what the authors mean by "big diamogether and then anastomosed with the urinary reservoir.Results 15 cases obtained good voiding control and no obvious water-electrolyte disturbance occurred.All the patients were cured and discharged within 15 to 22 days.Thirteen cases were followed-up in 8 to 24 month time period.Anastonmtic stenosis and moderate-severe hydronephrosis occurred in 4 cases with 1 ureter anastomosis.No hydronephrosis occurred in the 9 cases with 2 ureters anastomosis.Conclusions Modified sigma operation has the advantages of less injury and fewer complications.The patients can obtain self-control urination by anal sphincter without urine bags or intermittent catheterization,so the life quality of the patients is improved.Modified sigma operation with 2 ureters anastomosis has big diameter and there was a lower incidence of serious complications such as anastomotic stenosis.     

Experience with transrenal ureteral occlusion (author's transl)

Closure of the ureter with a mixture of butyl-2-cyano-acrylate and lipiodol was performed for the palliative management of urinary incontinence in 4 patients (unilaterally in 3, bilaterally in 1), after urinary diversion had been provided by operative or percutaneous nephrostomy (inoperable vesico-(recto-)vaginal fistulas [2 patients] due to irradiated cervical carcinomas, contracted bladder due to irradiation [1 patient] and irradiated locally advanced prostatic carcinoma [1 patient]). In the first two patients the ureters were occluded by transurethral access using ureteral catheters followed in one case by dislocation of embolic material in the renal pelvis (without sequelae). The transrenal access for ureteral closure was employed in the two other patients using adjuvant balloon catheter occlusion. With this technique no complications were encountered. All patients were discharged free of complaints and completely dry. To achieve this result two patients had required a second ureteral embolisation.     

Ureteric duplication is not a contraindication for robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystoprostatectomy and intracorporeal Studer pouch formation

Objectives:

Ureteric duplication is a rarely seen malformation of the urinary tract more commonly seen in females.

Materials and Methods:

We report 2 cases of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystoprostatectomy (RALRCP) with bilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection and intracorporeal Studer pouch formation in patients with duplicated right ureters.

Results:

Two male patients (53 and 68 years old) underwent transurethral resection of a bladder tumor that revealed high-grade muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma, with no metastases. We performed RALRCP and intracorporeal Studer pouch formation. A duplicated right ureter was observed during the procedures in both patients. Left ureter distal segment was spatulated 2cm long and anastomosed using running 4/0 Vicryl to the right ureter at its bifurcation where it forms a single lumen without spatulation. All 3 ureters were catheterized individually. A Wallace type uretero-ileal anastomosis was performed between the ureters and the proximal part of the Studer pouch chimney. Although ureteric frozen section analysis suggested ureteric carcinoma in situ in patient 1, postoperative pathologic evaluation was normal. Frozen section and final postoperative pathologic evaluations were normal in patient 2.

Conclusions:

Duplicated ureters might be underdiagnosed on CT. The presence of a duplicated ureter is not a contraindication to RALRCP and intracorporeal Studer pouch formation. The da Vinci-S surgical robot is very safe for performing this complicated procedure. Frozen section analysis of ureters during radical cystectomy for bladder cancer might not reliably diagnose the pathologic condition and might overestimate the disease in the ureters.     

Ipsilateral ureteroureterostomy for single ureteral disease in patients with ureteral duplication: a review of 8 years of experience with 16 patients

Ipsilateral ureteroureterostomy near the bladder (end-to-side anastomosis) for treatment of single ureteral disease in patients with complete ureteral duplication has been performed in 16 patients during the last 8 years. The operative technique, indications, results, followup and complications are presented. Reflux in the lower segment ureter was treated in 13 patients and upper segment ectopia or ureterocele was managed in 3 patients with this operative procedure. This operative technique is simpler and safer than reimplantation of both ureters into the bladder. Because no dissection of the bladder wall is needed there is less risk of injury to the pelvic viscera and vasculature. The chance of success in correcting reflux appears better than with reimplantation of both ureters into the bladder. Long-term followup has shown few complications and no repeat operations were needed in this series. The small stump of the diseased ureter left behind near the bladder caused no serious problems.     

肾移植中供肾输尿管异常的处理

目的：探讨肾移植术中供肾输尿管异常的手术处理方法。方法：回顾性分析18例供。肾输尿管异常的肾移植术中处理,包括损伤致输尿管过短8例,完全型双输尿管4例,不完全型双输尿管2例,输尿管结石2例,巨输尿管2例。根据具体情况采用输尿管膀胱吻合术、供受者输尿管端端吻合术和膀胱腰大肌悬吊术等方法再植输尿管。结果：术后恢复顺利,未发生移植肾功能延迟恢复和尿漏。随访3～8年,发生输尿管梗阻1例,行经皮。肾造口输尿管镜切开后治愈。发生尿路感染5例（其中2例为反复感染）。未见膀胱输尿管返流。结扎输尿管的原肾未出现胀痛和不适,B超检查未见肾积水。带输尿管结石移植肾未见结石复发。巨输尿管供肾移植后输尿管管径稳定,无明显增大。结论：供肾输尿管损伤和异常时采用不同的技术修复和再植输尿管,可减少并发症的发生。     

Ureteroscopic management of urological complications after renal transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility, safety and efficacy of diagnostic and therapeutic ureteroscopy in renal allograft ureters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We reviewed 1560 consecutive renal allografts performed between June 1989 and February 2002. A total of 28 patients (1.8%) had indications for an endoscopic procedure on the allograft ureter, as follows: obstructive ureteral calculi with a history of failed extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy, n=6; suspected ureteral stricture, n=3; upwardly migrated ureteral stents, n=9; and ureteral stricture at the ureteroneocystostomy site, n=10. Ureters were anastomosed to the bladder using the Leadbetter-Politano and Lich-Gregoire methods in six and 22 cases, respectively. Ureteroscopies were performed with a semi-rigid 9.8 F Wolf ureteroscope. RESULTS: Identification of the ureteral orifice and insertion of a guide-wire into it was successful in 19 cases (68%). If we exclude the 10 patients with ureteral stricture, ureteroscopy was successful in 13/18 cases (72%). Four ureteral calculi (67%) were removed with the ureteroscope. Seven out of nine migrated stents (78%) were retrieved. Four patients with ureteral stricture at the ureteroneocystostomy site (40%) underwent successful ureteral dilatation and double-J ureteral catheters were also inserted. Diagnostic ureteroscopy was successful in all cases. Two complications (one urinary leakage and one symptomatic urinary tract infection) occurred and were managed conservatively. CONCLUSIONS: Ureteral endoscopy is a safe and effective method for the management of urological complications after renal transplantation. This procedure can be considered the first choice, in preference to percutaneous and antegrade modalities.     

子宫切除术致输尿管或膀胱损伤的手术治疗

目的:探讨子宫切除术所致的输尿管、膀胱损伤的手术处理方法及时机。方法:对4例膀胱阴道瘘及4例输尿管阴道瘘于损伤后2～3周经腹入路一次修复。早期1例输尿管阴道瘘于4个月后修复。3例输尿管离断伤(其中2例为双侧),2例于损伤后第2天直接吻合,1例行输尿管皮肤造口。1例输尿管、膀胱并发直肠损伤患者,Ⅰ期尿、粪转流,Ⅱ期行修补、复通术。8例输尿管梗阻、肾积水患者,于伤后3～32个月行输尿管膀胱肌瓣吻合5例,行输尿管膀胱再植术3例。结果:除输尿管离断伤中直接吻合失败1例,余均获成功。结论:子宫切除术所致输尿管、膀胱损伤的修复手术可提前于损伤后2～3周内施行。输尿管离断伤,应先行输尿管皮肤造口,入路应选择经腹。术式主要根据输管损伤部位距膀胱的长度而定。     

Pyelovesicostomy as a form of urinary reconstruction in renal transplantation

The development of ureteral obstruction or ureteral fistula formation in the renal transplant recipient usually requires surgical repair. This involves reconnecting the donor ureter to either the recipient ureter (ureteroureterostomy) or bladder (ureteroneocystostomy), or creating an anastomosis between the renal pelvis and recipient native ureter (pyeloureterostomy). Occasionally, the donor or recipient ureter is absent, necrotic or diseased so that a ureteroureterostomy, ureteroneocystostomy or pyeloureteral anastomosis cannot be performed. In 8 such cases we have performed a direct anastomosis between the donor renal pelvis and recipient bladder (pyelovesicostomy) with a followup of between 2 months and 11 years. In all 8 patients there has been no deterioration in renal function attributed to obstruction at the anastomotic site or to the free reflux between the bladder and renal pelvis. Because of the excellent short-term and long-term results of pyelovesicostomy, this procedure should be considered as an excellent alternative to pyeloureterostomy, ureteroureterostomy and ureteroneocystostomy in the reconstruction of the upper urinary tract of the renal transplant patient.     

重肾双输尿管畸形活体供肾移植2例报告并文献复习

目的：探讨重肾双输尿管畸形供肾在亲属活体肾移植中的应用.方法：回顾性分析2005～2009年2例确诊为重肾双输尿管畸形供者行亲属活体肾移植的临床病例资料,总结治疗经验.结果：2供者术程顺利,无手术并发症,术后肾功能正常,2受者术后肾功能恢复良好,无手术并发症.结论：重肾双输尿管畸形供肾应列入边缘供体范畴,术前应充分评估,我们的处治方法是安全可行的.     

Antireflux ureteroileal anastomosis in ileal conduit urinary diversion and in ileocystoplasty following cystoprostatectomy

Ureteroileal anastomosis, in which intraintestinal ureteral segment was implanted in a mucosal sulcus, was used in ileal conduit urinary diversion on 17 patients and in ileocystoplasty for total replacement of the bladder on 4 patients. Conduitography or cystography, performed 3 months after operation, demonstrated reflux in 1 out of 39 reimplanted ureters (2.6%). Six months after surgery one anastomosis was stenotic and was treated by percutaneous balloon dilatation. Four ureters were slightly dilated and a stone had developed in one ureter. The method seems to be effective and easy to perform.     

The continuing challenge of bilharzial ureteric stricture

The commonest urologic complication in 176 cases of chronic urinary bilharziasis was ureteric stricture (87 ureters in 55 patients), with the lower third of the ureter affected in 87% of the cases. Other complications included squamous-cell carcinoma of the bladder, urinary calculi and bladder calcification. Intravenous urography and cystoscopy were the most useful diagnostic methods in 76% of the cases. Post-micturition erect urography and frusemide intravenous urography gave great help in distinguishing between true mechanical and non-mechanical ureteric obstruction in patients with dilated pelvicalyceal system on conventional urograms. Only 17 of 68 dilated ureters were truly obstructed and required excision and ureteroneocystostomy. Postoperative vesicoureteric reflux developed in four of these cases. No deterioration of renal function occurred in the remaining, conservatively treated patients.     

Clinical experience of tapered distal ileum for construction of a continent colonic urinary reservoir

Construction of continent colonic urinary reservoir was performed in 44 patients after exenteration for invasive bladder carcinoma or various gynecologic tumors. The distal ileum was tapered over a 14 French red rubber catheter. The ileocecal valve was reinforced with three circumferential silk sutures in a purse-string fashion. Full continence was obtained in all patients (100%). A non-tunneled, non-refluxing ureterocolonic anastomosis was performed in all 88 ureters. No obstruction or reflux was observed in 84 ureters (95%). There were 7 early postoperative complications and 3 of them required reoperation (pelvic abscess 1, urinary leak from ureterocolonic anastomosis 1, pouch-vaginal fistula 1). Moreover, there were 7 late complications and 3 of them required reoperation (stomal stenosis 1, parastomal hernia 2). These results suggest that this method is a safe, simple and useful one for permanent urinary diversion.