P16基因改变与脑胶质瘤生物学特性相关性的研究

目的 研究ｐ１６基因改变与脑胶质瘤恶性程度分级及肿瘤细胞增殖活性之间的关系。方法检测４１例不同级别脑胶质瘤标本和７例正常脑组织ｐ１６基因改变和ＰＣＮＡ蛋白表达情况。结果 实验组ｐ１６基因缺失和突变２２例（５３．７％）,ｍＲＮＡ和蛋白表达缺失分别为２３例（５６．１０％）、２７例（６５．８５％）,三者改变非一对一关系。ｐ１６基因改变和ＰＣＮＡ指数随脑胶质瘤恶性程度级别增高呈上升趋势（Ｐ〈０．０５）。Ｐ     

P^16蛋白,增殖细胞核抗原在肾癌的表达及与预后的关系

目的　探讨多肿瘤抑制基因Ｐ１６／ＭＴＳ１蛋白在肾细胞癌（ＲＣＣ）的表达及与临床病理指标、预后的关系。方法　采用免疫组化方法对Ｐ１６蛋白和增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）在５６例ＲＣＣ的表达进行病理观察。结果　Ｐ１６蛋白在ＲＣＣ的阳性率为６０．７％（３４／５６）,各组织学分级的阳性率差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）,其阳性组和阴性组的５年生存率差异无显著性。ＰＣＮＡ标记指数（ＰＣＮＡＬＩ）在１％～８５％,平均为１９．７％,在不同组织学分级及临床分期中差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＣＮＡ高表达组和ＰＣＮＡ低表达组的５年生存率差异有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。Ｐ１６蛋白的表达与ＰＣＮＡ无一致性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结论　ＰＣＮＡＬＩ是反映ＲＣＣ组织分化程度及预后的良好指标,Ｐ１６蛋白的胞浆型表达对肾癌临床分期及预后无明显影响。     

骨肉瘤和骨巨细胞瘤的p53蛋白、PCNA表达 与肿瘤组织微血管密度的关系

探讨骨肉瘤和骨巨细胞瘤的ｐ５３蛋白、增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）表达与癌组织内微血管密度（ＭＶＤ）的关系。方法;应用免疫组化和形态计量方法检测４０例骨肉瘤和４０例不同级别骨巨细胞瘤的ｐ５３蛋白、ＰＣＮＡ表达与肿瘤组织内ＭＶＤ之间的关系。结果：骨巨细胞瘤Ⅱ～Ⅲ级组ＰＣＮＡ表达明显高于骨巨细胞瘤Ｉ级组（Ｐ＜０．０５）,且骨巨细胞瘤ＭＶＤ≥５的肿瘤组织Ｐ５３蛋白表达明显高于ＭＶＤ＜５的肿瘤组织（Ｐ＜０．０５）;骨肉瘤ＭＶＤ≥５的肿瘤组织Ｐ５３蛋白表达也明显高于ＭＶＤ＜５组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。ｐ５３蛋白阳性率虽骨巨细胞瘤Ⅱ～Ⅲ级、骨肉瘤均高于骨巨细胞瘤１级但无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论：ｐ５３蛋白、ＰＣＮＡ过度表达与ＭＶＤ有密切关系,ｐ５３、ＰＣＮＡ及ＭＶＤ可作为评估骨巨细胞瘤、骨肉瘤预后有价值的分子生物学指标。     

P53异常的肝细胞癌与PCNA的关系

采用免疫组织化学方法检测了３０例肝细胞（ＨＣＣ）组织Ｐ５３基因蛋白物及癌组织中增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）的表达，肝癌组织Ｐ５３基因蛋白的异常表达率为４６．７％；在分化程度为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级癌的表达率为１．４３％、４０．０％、８７．５％。ＰＣＮＡ阳性细胞的分布在ＨＣＣ中呈４种类型；散在型、边缘型、镶嵌型及弥漫型；其标记指数（ＬＩ）与癌细胞的分级相关。Ｐ５３基因蛋白表达异常的癌组织中ＰＣＮＡＬＩ（５３．６     

骨肉瘤和骨巨细胞瘤的P53蛋白,PCNA表达与肿瘤组织微血管密 …

目的：探讨骨肉瘤和骨巨细胞瘤的Ｐ５３蛋白,增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）表达与癌组织内微血管密度（ＭＶＤ）的关系。方法：应用免疫组化和形态计量方法检测４０例骨肉瘤和４０例不同级别骨巨细胞瘤的Ｐ５３蛋白、ＰＣＮＡ表达与肿瘤组织内ＭＶＤ之间的关系。结果：骨巨细胞瘤Ⅱ～Ⅲ级组ＰＣＮＡ表达明显于高于巨细胞瘤的Ｐ５３骨巨细胞瘤１级组（Ｐ〈０．０５）,且骨巨细胞癌ＭＶＤ≥５的肿瘤组织Ｐ５３蛋白表达明显高于ＭＶＤ〈     

喉癌患者多药耐药基因、多药耐药相关蛋白基因的表达及临床意义

应用逆转录－多聚酶链式反应（ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ）技术,检测了３５ 例喉癌患者ＭＤＲ－１ ｍ ＲＮＡ、ＭＲＰｍ ＲＮＡ 基因的表达,同时,应用免疫组化ＳＡＢＣ法检测了６１ 例患者ＭＤＲ－１ 基因产物Ｐ－ｇｐ。喉癌组织中ＭＤＲ－１ ｍ ＲＮＡ 及Ｐ－ｇｐ 的阳性表达率分别为３７．１％ （１３／３５）和３４．４％ （２１／６１）;３５ 例ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ 检测标本中,两项指标间有一定的相关性（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）。晚期患者（Ｔ３－ ４,１８／４０）Ｐ－ｇｐ 阳性表达率明显高于早期患者（Ｔ１－ ２,３／２１,Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。喉癌组织中ＭＲＰｍ ＲＮＡ阳性表达率为４５．７％ （１６／３５）,其阳性表达强度在晚期肿瘤中（１４／２３）明显增高（Ｐ＜ ０．０５）,且与肿瘤颈淋巴结转移（Ｎ０,８／２７;Ｎ１－ ２,８／８）呈明显相关性（Ｐ＜ ０．０１）     

脑胶质瘤组织中P170蛋白的表达及意义

①目的　探讨多药耐药基因在脑胶质瘤组织中的表达及其意义。②方法　采用免疫组化Ｓ－Ｐ法,检测了３８ 例脑胶质瘤组织中多药耐药基因Ｐ１７０ 蛋白的表达。③结果　３８ 例脑胶质瘤组织中Ｐ１７０ 蛋白的阳性表达率为６５．７％ ,与正常脑组织（表达率为０）比较差异有显著性（Ｐ＝ ０）。Ｐ１７０在Ⅰ～Ⅳ级脑胶质瘤的阳性表达率分别为０,５３．３％ ,７０．６％ ,１００．０％ ,其中Ⅰ级与Ⅲ,Ⅳ级间差异有显著性（Ｐ＝ ０．０１８,０．００３）, 其余各组间差异无显著性。Ｐ１７０ 的异常表达与脑胶质瘤的病理级别呈正相关（ｒｓ＝ ０．８８２,Ｐ＜ ０．０５）。④结论　检测脑胶质瘤Ｐ１７０ 表达水平对判断化疗效果及预后有一定意义。     

增殖细胞核抗原在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的，为探讨膀胱移行细胞中增殖细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）的表达及意义，方法 采用免疫组化ＬＳＡＢ法，对４４例膀胱移行细胞癌细胞核抗原（ＰＣＮＡ）的表达进行研究，结果膀胱移行细胞癌Ⅲ级ＰＣＮＡ增殖指数明显高于Ｉ＋Ⅱ级（Ｐ〈０．０５）膀胱移行细胞癌临床分期Ｔ３＋Ｔ４中ＰＣＮＡ增殖指数明显高于Ｔ１＋Ｔ２期（Ｐ〈０．０５）。结论 ＰＣＮＡ表达与膀胱移行细胞癌分化程度，临床分期有关，可能是判断膀胱癌预后的重要指     

PCNA和nm23在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达

目的 探讨ＰＣＮＡ和ｎｍ２３在乳腺浸润性导管癌中的表达水平与乳腺癌组织分级和淋巴结转移的关系及意义。方法 应用免疫组化方法检测４５例乳腺浸润性导管癌中ＰＣＮＡ和ｎｍ２３的表达。结果 Ⅱ、Ⅲ级ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达率高于Ⅰ级（Ｐ〈０．０１）,Ⅱ、Ⅲ级ｎｍ２３阳性表达率低于Ⅰ级（Ｐ〈０．０５）;腋窝淋巴结转移组ＰＣＮＡ阳性表达率高于非转移组（Ｐ〈０．０１）。但ｎｍ２３阳性表达率低于非转移组（Ｐ〈０．０５）。     

外源金属硫蛋白基因表达对NIH3T3细胞耐寒力的影响

目的：研究金属硫蛋白基因对细胞耐寒力的影响．方法：通过将金属硫蛋白基因（ｍｅｔａｌｌｏｔｈｉｏｎｅｉｎ,ＭＴ）的表达载体ｐＢＡｃＮｅｏ－ＭＴⅡＡ转染ＮＩＨ３Ｔ３细胞（小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞系）,筛选获得了高表达ＭＴ的细胞克隆ＭＴ１（ＭＴ阳性细胞百分比为２９．４％）,用四唑盐（ＭＴＴ）比色实验观察了该细胞的生长曲线以及不同低温条件下的存活能力,并通过电镜观察超微结构以进一步证实．结果：与转染ｐＢＡｃＮｅｏ空载体的细胞克隆Ｎｅｏ相比,常温下二者的增殖能力无显著差别．在不同的低温条件下,存活能力都受到一定程度的影响,细胞克隆ＭＴ１的存活细胞数明显高于阴性对照（Ｐ＜０．０１）,超微结构改变不明显．结论：上调金属硫蛋白基因表达可能具有增强耐寒的能力．     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.