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António Macedo Sandra Carvalho Bos Mariana Marques Berta Maia Maria Jo?o Soares Telma Pereira Ana Allen Gomes José Valente Maria Helena Azevedo 《Archives of women's mental health》2009,12(1):43-52
Pregnancy is essentially a physiological event, but neuroendocrinal and psychosocial changes are also important components
of this experience. In this context, perceived stress may be enhanced by the activation of certain personality traits, like
perfectionism, which in turn may be associated with more psychological distress (PD). The aim of this study was to investigate
if perfectionism could be associated with more negative emotional outcomes (PD) in the transition to motherhood and to look
at which of the perfectionism dimensions these consequences are specifically linked. The sample comprises 421 pregnant women
(mean = 29.8, SD = 4.48 years) who completed measures of perfectionism and mood symptoms. A two-factor model with self-oriented
perfectionism (SOP) and socially prescribed perfectionism (SPP) dimensions and a three-factor model with SOP, SPP-others’
high standards and SPP-conditional acceptance (CA) factors were explored. Correlations and linear regressions were calculated
between perfectionism factors and mood variables. Results showed that higher levels of SPP factors were associated with increased
anxiety, depression, anger, fatigue and confusion, with decreased vigour and with more severe depressive symptoms. Our results,
in contrast with those from the study of Campbell and DiPaula (2002, In: Flett G, Hewitt P (eds) Perfectionism. Theory, research,
and practice. American Psychological Association, Washington, pp 181–198), did not confirm a preferential association between
SPP-CA and PD, revealing that both components of SPP were associated with PD. 相似文献
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Sheryl M. Green Erika Haber Randi E. McCabe Claudio N. Soares 《Archives of women's mental health》2013,16(4):325-332
The menopausal transition is frequently accompanied by adverse physical and emotional changes that can significantly impact a woman’s quality of life. Hormone replacement therapy has been the most commonly used menopause-related treatment to date, particularly for the alleviation of vasomotor symptoms; recent studies, however, have questioned its long-term safety for some women. We aimed to develop a cognitive–behavioral group treatment (CBGT) program as an alternative or complementary treatment option for reducing the frequency and intensity of debilitating menopausal symptoms in midlife women. Eight subjects participated in two, 10-week pilot groups (n?=?4 participants per group) with participants being drawn from referrals through the Women’s Health Concerns Clinic and community advertising efforts. This pilot study confirmed a reduction in the frequency and interference associated with vasomotor symptoms, less depression and general anxiety, and an overall improvement in quality of life. Participants also reported high levels of satisfaction with this type of treatment for menopausal symptoms. Furthermore, there was a trend towards a reduction in sleep difficulties and sexual concerns over the course of treatment. This pilot CBGT program appears to be a promising alternative or complementary treatment for both the physical and emotional symptoms experienced during menopause. Further studies are needed on its efficacy through larger, controlled trials. 相似文献
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Some early indicators for depressive symptoms and bonding 2 months postpartum – a study of new mothers and fathers 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Summary The aim was to investigate associations between blues, bonding, perception of the child’s temperament and depressive symptoms
two months postpartum in both parents. Questionnaires to be filled out during the first week were; Blues Questionnaires day
1–5, Postpartum Bonding Questionnaire (PBQ) and Edinburgh Postpartum Depressive Scale (EPDS) and at two months; questions
about breastfeeding, EPDS, PBQ and the Infant Characteristic Questionnaire (ICQ). In all, 106 couples returned all questionnaires
on both occasions. Although there were differences in parents’ rated levels of blues, depressive symptoms and postpartum bonding,
we found many similarities in the ratings. Blues, bonding and depressive symptoms in the other partner were significantly
related to EPDS in both parents. Thus, we found a risk for couple morbidity. The similarities between the parents’ responses
could be interpreted in terms of a broader human way of reacting to childbirth, while the differences e.g. their understanding
of the child could refer to different gender roles. 相似文献
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BACKGROUND: There has been limited research investigating personality traits as predictors of manic and depressive symptoms in bipolar individuals. The present study investigated the relation between personality traits and the course of bipolar disorder. The purpose of this study was to identify specific personality traits that predict the course of manic and depressive symptoms experienced by bipolar individuals. METHODS: The sample consisted of 39 participants with bipolar I disorder assessed by the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. Personality was assessed using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. The Modified Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression and the Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale were used to assess symptom severity on a monthly basis. RESULTS: Consistent with previous research on unipolar depression, high Neuroticism predicted increases in depressive symptoms across time while controlling for baseline symptoms. Additionally, high Conscientiousness, particularly the Achievement Striving facet, predicted increases in manic symptoms across time. LIMITATIONS: The current study was limited by the small number of participants, the reliance on a shortened version of a self-report personality measure, and the potential state-dependency of the personality measures. CONCLUSIONS: Specific personality traits may assist in predicting bipolar symptoms across time. Further studies are needed to tease apart the state-dependency of personality. 相似文献
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Robert Fischer Wolfgang Poller Heinz-Peter Schultheiss Michael Gotthardt 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》2009,87(9):879-884
The interplay of diverse cell-contact proteins is required for normal cardiac function and determines the mechanical and electrical
properties of the heart. A specialized structure between cardiomyocytes—the intercalated disk—contains a high density of these
proteins, which are assembled into adherens junctions, desmosomes, and gap junctions. The Coxsackievirus–adenovirus receptor
(CAR) as a tight junction protein of the intercalated disk has recently been implied in cardiac remodeling and electrical
conductance between atria and ventricle. This review summarizes recent in vivo studies that relate CAR to heart disease and
how they could translate to improved diagnosis and therapy of viral myocarditis and arrhythmia. 相似文献
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Mónica Flores-Ramos Gerhard Heinze Roberto Silvestri-Tomassoni 《Archives of women's mental health》2010,13(1):99-105
The aim of this study was to explore the association between depressive symptoms and some variables related to the reproductive
life, such as history of premenstrual dysphoric disorder, antecedent of postpartum depression, previous use of hormonal contraceptives,
and current hot flushes, in a group of perimenopausal women attending a menopause clinic. Perimenopausal women, 45 to 55 years
old, who had not received hormonal replacement therapy and/or psychotropic medication, were invited to participate in this
study. 141 perimenopausal women were included; we obtained their psychiatric and gynecological data, and we evaluated their
depressive symptomatology using the CES-D scale. There were a significantly higher number of cases of previous depressive
episodes, PMDD and PPD history in depressed patients compared with non-depressed women; current hot flushes prevalence was
similar between depressed and non-depressed women. Patients with a PMDD history were more likely to have experienced previous
depressive episodes, a PPD history, and high levels of depression. Variables associated with the level of depression were
a previous history of PMDD, current hot flushes, and previous depressive episodes. The occurrence of perimenopausal depression
is related to a previous history of PMDD, PPD, and depressive episodes; hot flushes only increase the severity of the depressive
episode. 相似文献
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Background
Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) has been proposed as a physiological marker of emotion-regulation capacity, and shown to be cross-sectionally associated with depression. Little is known about the role of RSA as a predictor of (subclinical) depressive symptoms over time and as a modifier of the depressogenic effect of stressful life events (SLEs).Methods
In a longitudinal population-based study with data collected in 1653 adolescents twice (at age 11 and 13.5 years, respectively), RSA was assessed in supine position at the first assessment wave. Depressive symptoms were assessed at both waves and SLEs experienced between the two waves at the last wave.Results
Low levels of RSA were not associated with concurrent or future depressive symptoms, and did not enhance the depressogenic effects of SLEs.Conclusions
In a normal population of young adolescents, a low level of RSA does not identify adolescents at risk for depressive symptoms when confronted with SLEs. In post hoc analyses, among those reporting high exposure to stressful life events, higher RSA tended to predict less self-reported anxiety and more self-reported somatic symptoms as compared to those with lower RSA. 相似文献9.
The authors asked which obesity measurements were associated with depressive symptoms, whether this relationship differed by gender, and whether controlling for fatigue and response bias affected the relationship. A sample of 129 subjects (66 men, 63 women), with a mean age of 36.9 years and a mean Body Mass Index (BMI) of 26.4 participated in the study. Depressive symptoms, levels of fatigue, response bias, and anthropometrics were assessed. In women, but not men, BMI and percent of ideal body weight were related to depression. However, percent of body fat did not show a relationship with depression after controlling for fatigue and response bias. These findings suggest that women's depressive symptoms are more influenced by body size than body fat composition, whereas men's depressive symptoms seem to be unrelated to obesity. 相似文献
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Rebecca M. Pearson Stafford L. Lightman Jonathan Evans 《Archives of women's mental health》2011,14(1):23-31
The mother–infant relationship has an important influence on maternal mental health and infant development. Evidence suggests
that this relationship is enhanced by a mother’s sensitive response towards her infant’s distress. We proposed that attentional
processing of infant distress may indicate individual differences in this response. Research also suggests that maternal responses
develop during pregnancy. We therefore hypothesised that more sensitive attentional processing of distressed infant stimuli
during late pregnancy will be associated with more successful mother–infant relationships. Healthy pregnant women were recruited
through community midwives. An established computerised paradigm measured women’s ability to disengage attention from distressed
or non-distressed infant faces. From this paradigm, we derived an index of women’s attentional bias towards infant distress.
Mother–infant relationships were measured using the postpartum bonding questionnaire (PBQ). A complete case sample of 49 women
completed the attentional paradigm during late pregnancy and the PBQ 3–6 months after birth. We found that women who showed
greater attentional bias towards infant distress during late pregnancy reported more successful mother–infant relationships.
For every 50-ms increase on our measure of attentional bias towards infant distress during late pregnancy, the odds ratio
for reporting a higher PBQ score, indicative of a weaker relationship, was 0.43 (95% confidence intervals 0.23–0.81, p = 0.01). The results suggest that women’s basic attentional processing of infant emotion during pregnancy influences their
relationships with their infant. In the future, women’s attentional processing of infant emotion could inform early strategies
to promote successful mother–infant relationships in vulnerable mothers to be. 相似文献
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Elizabeth M. Krawczak Luciano Minuzzi Benicio N. Frey 《Archives of women's mental health》2016,19(4):591-598
Abnormalities of sleep and biological rhythms have been widely implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). However, less is known about the influence of biological rhythm disruptions across the perinatal period on postpartum depression (PPD). The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the relationship between subjective changes in both sleep and biological rhythms and worsening of depressive symptoms from pregnancy to the postpartum period in women with and without mood disorders. Eighty-three participants (38 euthymic women with a history of a mood disorder and 45 healthy controls) were studied. Participants completed subjective assessments of sleep (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), biological rhythm disturbances (Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry), and depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) prospectively at two time points: third trimester of pregnancy and at 6–12 weeks postpartum. Multivariate regression analyses showed that changes in biological rhythms across the perinatal period predicted worsening of depressive symptoms in both groups. Moreover, women with a history of a mood disorder showed higher levels of sleep and biological rhythm disruption during both pregnancy and the postpartum period. These findings suggest that disruptions in biological rhythms during the perinatal period increase the risk for postpartum mood worsening in healthy pregnant as well as in pregnant women with a history of mood disorders. 相似文献
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Burgess ES Brown RA Kahler CW Niaura R Abrams DB Goldstein MG Miller IW 《Journal of consulting and clinical psychology》2002,70(2):356-361
The authors examined patterns of change in depressive symptoms during smoking cessation treatment in 163 smokers with past major depressive disorder (MDD). Cluster analysis of Beck Depression Inventory (A. T. Beck, C. H. Ward, M. Mendelson, J. Mock, & J. Erbaugh, 1961) scores identified 5 patterns of change. Although 40% of participants belonged to clusters characterized by increasing depressive symptoms during quitting (rapid increasers, n = 31, and delayed increasers, n = 35), almost 47% were in clusters characterized by decreasing symptoms (delayed decreasers, n = 24, and rapid decreasers, n = 52). Both rapid and delayed increasers had especially poor smoking cessation outcomes. Results suggest that among smokers with an MDD history there is substantial heterogeneity in patterns of depressive symptoms during quitting and that patterns involving increased symptoms are associated with low abstinence rates. 相似文献
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Stefano Vanin Emma Zanotti Daniele Gibelli Anna Taborelli Salvatore Andreola Cristina Cattaneo 《Croatian medical journal》2013,54(4):387-393
Aim
To use forensic entomological approach to estimate the post mortem interval (PMI) in burnt remains.Methods
Two experiments were performed in a field in the outskirts of Milan, in winter and summer 2007. Four 60-kg pigs were used: two for each experiment. One pig carcass was burnt until it reached the level 2-3 of the Glassman-Crow scale and the not-burnt carcass was used as a control. In order to describe the decomposition process and to collect the data useful for minimum PMI estimation, macroscopic, histological, and entomological analyses were performed.Results
In the winter part of the experiment, the first insect activity on the burnt carcass began in the third week (Calliphora vomitoria) and at the beginning of the fourth week an increase in the number of species was observed. In the summer part, adult flies and first instar maggots (Phormia regina) appeared a few minutes/hours after the carcass exposure. Both in winter and summer, flies belonging to the first colonization wave (Calliphoridae) appeared on burnt and control pigs at the same time, whereas other species (Diptera and Coleoptera) appeared earlier on burnt pigs.Conclusion
In forensic practice, burnt bodies are among the most neglected fields of entomological research, since they are supposed to be an inadequate substratum for insect colonization. Entomological approach for PMI estimation proved to be useful, although further studies on larger samples are needed.Estimation of the post mortem interval (PMI) plays an important role in forensic investigation. In the early post mortem period, PMI can be estimated by temperature-based methods, but when decomposition begins, this estimation can be influenced by several variables (1,2). In addition, in cases of concealment, body dismemberment, explosion, and burning there is no standardized method based on experimental studies for deriving time since death from morphological characteristics of the corpse.Entomological approach is a well known and widely accepted method to estimate the minimum PMI (3). However, in the literature there are only a few cases referring to charred bodies (4-8). Gruenthal et al (9) found dung fly Scathophaga stercoraria, larvae of Calliphora vicina and Calliphora vomitoria, and immature beetle forms, not further identified in 24 pig carcasses charred up to Glassman Crow scale-1 (GCS-1) for the head, neck, limbs, and CGS 2 for the torso. Catts and Goff (6) observed a few days’ delay in the arrival of blowflies on a corpse burnt and charred inside an open-topped metal drum, and a week’s delay in the case of a pig burnt inside a car that was set afire (6). Introna et al (4) also highlighted that burnt flesh delayed the arrival of blowflies. Due to the relevant lack of literature, the aim of our study was to report the results of an experimental approach to burnt bodies using pigs (Sus scrofa) as models. 相似文献15.
Summary Objective: To identify depressive moods as measured by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in late pregnancy and postpartum, explore
associated factors and assess changes in depressive moods.
Methods: A cohort study of 610 pregnant Thai women was conducted. The self-reporting EPDS was completed at 36–40 weeks and at 6–8
weeks postpartum.
Result: The prevalence of depressive moods (scores of 10 or more on the EPDS) was 20.5% during pregnancy and 16.8% at postpartum.
Factors related to depressive moods in late pregnancy included marital status, evidence of irritable moods before menstruation,
and attitudes towards this pregnancy. Unmarried women, women having irritable moods before menstruation or women having negative
attitudes towards this pregnancy had double risk. Related factors during the postpartum period included religion, evidence
of irritable moods before menstruation, perception of pregnancy complications and attitudes towards this pregnancy (p < 0.01).
Women who perceived of having complications during this pregnancy, those who had irritable moods before menstruation or had
negative attitudes towards this pregnancy had also double risk. The depressive moods were significantly reduced postnatally.
Conclusion: One-fifth of pregnant and postpartum women experienced depressive moods but the severity declined at postpartum. 相似文献
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Successes and pitfalls of chronic peritoneal dialysis in infants – a Polish nationwide outcome study
Anna Jander Irena Makulska Joanna Latoszyńska Hanna Boguszewska-B?czkowska Irena Ba?asz-Chmielewska Ilona Zago?d?on Iga Za?uska-Le?niewska Ewa Stefaniak Beata Leszczyńska Katarzyna Zachwieja Ryszard Wierciński Hanna Kipigroch Barbara Ko???taj Marcin Tkaczyk 《Archives of Medical Science》2010,6(3):414-419
Introduction
Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a preferred method of renal replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease in children. Recent advances have allowed chronic PD to be provided to children of all ages and sizes.Material and methods
The study was designed as a national (10 dialysis centres), multicentre retrospective analysis of the medical history of 33 children who started chronic peritoneal dialysis in their infancy between 1993 and 2005, with a follow-up period of at least 24 months.Results
The nutritional status of the infants was unsatisfactory. The mean SDS of body weight at the start was –2.0, at 1 year of age –1.7. Only 40% of infants were adequately nourished at 1 year of age. Long-term follow-up analysis showed that 12 children received a kidney transplant, 13 were still on dialysis (4 changed method) and 6 died (mortality rate in the first year of life of 9%). In 2 children we observed an improvement of renal function. We observed a relatively high (1/8.8 patient-months) peritonitis rate in the analysed children when compared to 1 : 22 patient-months in all children undergoing PD in Poland.Conclusions
The results of our survey have shown that the management of dialysed infants is still a challenge for the medical team and families, but long-term results of the therapy are encouraging. 相似文献17.
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Elinor V. Hanna Sara Simonelli Sarah Chamney Alice Ossoli Robert N. Mullan 《Journal of clinical lipidology》2018,12(5):1151-1156
A 29-year-old lady was diagnosed with lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency having presented with bilateral corneal clouding, severely reduced high density lipoproteins cholesterol, and proteinuria. She is a compound heterozygote with two LCAT gene mutations, one of which is novel, c.321C>A in exon 3. Surprisingly, the level of proteinuria significantly improved during pregnancy, despite stopping the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. However, LCAT concentration and activity remained identical during pregnancy and postpartum. Her pregnancy was complicated by rising triglyceride levels from the second trimester requiring treatment with omega-3 fatty acid and fenofibrate. In the last trimester, a further complication arose when she became hypertensive and proteinuria worsened. She was diagnosed with pre-eclampsia and had an emergency cesarean section at 39 weeks delivering a healthy baby. This case adds to the knowledge of the pathophysiology of LCAT deficiency during pregnancy and will be useful in future patient management. 相似文献