特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切除术后白内障超声乳化术

目的：评价特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切除术后并发性白内障的超声乳化人工晶体植入术的临床疗效。方法：回顾性分析对32例(32眼)特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切除术后并发性白内障患者采用白内障超声乳化人工晶体植入术：21例(21眼)行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化术，11例(11眼)行透明角膜切口超声乳化术，观察术中、术后并发症及患眼视力、黄斑变化情况。结果：术后三月，所有患眼视力均有不同程度的提高，最佳矫正视力0．01～0．1共4眼，0．1～0．3共11眼，0．3～1．0共17眼，术后早期并发症为角膜水肿2眼，术后远期并发症为后发性白内障6眼，需Nd：YAG激光治疗，黄斑裂孔重新裂开1眼。结论：对于特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切除术后并发性白内障，超声乳化人工晶体植入术操作安全、临床效果好、术后并发症轻微，是目前最为理想的治疗方法。     

玻璃体切除术后并发性白内障无玻璃体腔灌注超声乳化术

目的 探讨玻璃体切除术后并发性白内障无玻璃体腔灌注超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的疗效.方法 回顾性分析39例(39眼)玻璃体切除硅油填充术后并发性白内障病例的临床资料,白内障囊外摘出人工晶状体植入术8眼,超声乳化白内障摘出人工晶状体植入术18眼,其中以上2种术式均行玻璃体腔灌注;无玻璃体腔灌注超声乳化白内障摘出术折叠人工晶状体植入13眼,比较3种方法术后视力、手术并发症情况.结果 视力提高囊外摘出术7眼,玻璃体腔灌注加超声乳化术16眼,无玻璃体腔灌注超声乳化术12眼.视力不提高的原因均与眼底有关.与手术无关.结论 无玻璃体腔灌注超声乳化具有更安全、微创、恢复快的优点,是玻璃体切除术后并发性白内障首选的手术方式.     

硅油填充眼的白内障超声乳化术

目的:评价硅油填充眼的白内障超声乳化手术的治疗效果。方法:对30例(30眼)玻璃体切割术后硅油填充眼患者实施白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术,观察术后视力、并发症等。结果:术后3mo最佳矫正视力≥0.1共22眼,视力增进2行以上者22眼,占73%,术后2例再次出现视网膜脱离。结论:硅油填充眼并发白内障的治疗中,超声乳化手术虽然手术难度较大,但仍是最安全有效的方法,能使患者达到或接近玻璃体切割术后的最佳视力。     

玻切联合硅油填充术后并发性白内障的手术治疗

探讨白内障超声乳化吸除+硅油取出+人工晶状体植入+后囊膜环形切除术治疗玻璃体切割联合硅油填充术后并发性白内障的疗效。 方法：回顾分析2007-11/2011-11玻璃体切割联合硅油填充术后白内障患者102例102眼,距离玻璃体手术时间3~9（平均6.1）mo,采用玻璃体腔灌注,先行白内障超声乳化手术,前房注入黏弹剂,行硅油置换,然后人工晶状体植入,环形后囊切开,观察术中、术后并发症,术后视力等。 结果：术后 4wk,102例102眼中,97眼视力不同程度提高,5眼术后视力无改善;后囊破裂2例,无晶状体核坠入玻璃体,无脉络膜脱离。 结论：玻璃体切割联合硅油填充术后行白内障超声乳化吸除+硅油取出+人工晶状体植入+后囊膜环形切除术治疗玻璃体切割联合硅油填充术后并发性白内障,可有效减少术中、术后并发症,同时避免二次手术所带来的风险。     

硅油填充术后并发性白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合硅油取出的临床观察

目的:观察硅油填充术后并发性白内障行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合硅油取出的治疗效果。方法:回顾性分析了40例(41只眼)硅油填充术后并发白内障行超声乳化联合硅油取出及人工晶状体植入的病例资料,并随访5~18个月,分析其视力恢复情况及术中、术后并发症。结果:除3例因硅油取出术后视网膜脱离外,其余患者均有不同程度的视力增加。术中主要并发症为后囊膜破裂,术后的主要并发症为视网膜脱离。结论:硅油填充术后并发性白内障行超声乳化人工晶状体植入术联合硅油取出术是一种安全有效的方法。     

硅油填充眼的白内障超声乳化联合硅油取出术

目的：探讨玻璃体视网膜手术联合硅油眼内填充术后并发性白内障行白内障超声乳化和/或人工晶体植入联合硅油取出术的临床效果。方法：对22例22眼硅油填充术后并发性白内障进行白内障超声乳化联合硅油取出手术,其中9例通过巩膜隧道切口植入硬性人工晶体,3例通过角膜切口植入折叠人工晶体,10例未植入人工晶体。结果：22例手术中后囊膜保持完整,除10例因高度近视、视网膜条件很差或再发视网膜脱离而未植入人工晶体外,蓁均顺利植入人工晶体。术后5例发生角膜水肿,均在术后3～7天内消退。硅油取出顺利。3例术中发现限局性网脱,行视网膜复位后,2例C2F6气体填充后2周再发网脱,1例再次硅油填充视网膜保持复位。视力除3例再发网脱外,其余均达到玻璃体手术后最佳视力。结论：硅油填充眼合并白内障行白内障超声乳化联合硅油取出手术不仅安全、有效、而且可减少病人多次手术的痛苦。     

硅油取出联合白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术

目的:探讨硅油充填眼并发性白内障行硅油取出联合白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术的临床效果。方法:对25例25眼硅油填充术后并发性白内障患者进行经睫状体扁平部切口取硅油联合白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术。结果:术后随访3～12(平均7)mo。手术后最佳矫正视力:光感～指数/眼数者3眼,0.02～0.1者4眼,0.1～0.2者10眼,>0.2者8眼。所有患者均无持续性角膜内皮失代偿、硅油泡残留、人工晶状体移位、玻璃体出血等并发症。结论:硅油取出联合白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术是安全、有效的。     

硅油填充眼的白内障超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入术

目的:探讨玻璃体视网膜手术联合硅油眼内填充术后并发性白内障行白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入的临床效果、临床特点及特殊手术方法。方法:回顾性分析了我科2005-01/2008-06视网膜脱离硅油注入术后并发白内障病例共47例47眼。硅油注入术后6～35(平均16.2)mo。采用超声乳化白内障摘除+人工晶状体植入术。结果:经过随访,视力提高41眼(87%);视力达到视网膜脱离术后白内障发生前的最佳视力的有32眼(68%)。最高矫正视力0.4;脱盲率为62%。结论:白内障超声乳化手术是提高硅油注入术后并发白内障患者视力的较好方法。     

特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切割术后白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术

目的　评价特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切割术后并发性白内障的超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析 4 5例 4 5眼特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切割术后并发性白内障患者采用白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术 :2 5例 2 5眼行巩膜隧道切口超声乳化术 ,2 0例 2 0眼行透明角膜切口超声乳化术 ,观察术中、术后并发症及患眼视力、黄斑变化情况。结果　术后 3月 ,所有患眼视力均有不同程度的提高 ,最佳矫正视力 0 .0 1～ 0 .1者 6眼 ,0 .2～ 0 .3者 18眼 ,0 .4～ 1.0者 2 1眼 ,术后早期并发症为角膜水肿 3眼 ,黄斑区视网膜水肿 3眼 ,术后远期并发症为后发性白内障 11眼 ,需Nd :YAG激光治疗 ,黄斑裂孔重新裂开 2眼。结论　对于特发性黄斑裂孔玻璃体切割术后并发性白内障 ,超声乳化人工晶状体植入术操作安全、临床效果好、术后并发症轻微 ,是目前最为理想的治疗方法     

硅油取出联合白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术疗效观察

目的探讨硅油充填眼术后并发性白内障行白内障超声乳化及人工晶体植入联合硅油取出术的临床效果。方法对19例(19只眼)硅油填充术后并发性白内障患者进行经睫状体扁平部切口取硅油联合白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术。结果术后随访3-12个月(平均7个月)。手术后最佳矫正视力光感～眼前指数2只眼,0.02～0.1者4只眼,0.1～0.2者8只眼,0.2以上5只眼。1眼因视网膜脱离复发,经再次手术硅油充填后视网膜复位。1眼术后玻璃体出血,经药物治疗后出血吸收。所有患者均无角膜内皮失代偿、人工晶体移位、硅油残留等。结论硅油取出联合白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术是安全、有效的。严把联合手术的适应症及具备相当的手术技巧是手术成功的关键所在。     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Current Thoughts on the Aetiology of Ocular Changes during Contact Lens Wear

ABSTRACT: Contact lenses are known to produce changes to the ocular tissues, and this review attempts to give a comprehensive assemblage of the knowledge on the aetiology of such changes. To achieve this result, the changes are categorized by structure and function, and discussed according to the temporal nature of occurrence where appropriate. Although assessment of the importance of a particular tissue change is difficult, this overview enables some degree of judgement to be made on the aetiology of the major side-effects of contact lens wear. This gives a basis on which to modify aspects of contact lens wear to ultimately increase the success rate.     

The detection of motion in chromatic stimuli: first-order and second-order spatial structure

This study provides evidence for the existence of a low-level chromatic motion mechanism and further elucidates the conditions under which its operation becomes measurable in an experimental stimulus. Observers discriminated the direction of motion of amplitude modulated (AM) gratings that were defined by luminance or chromatic variation and masked with spatiotemporally broadband luminance or chromatic noise. The size and retinal location of the stimuli were varied and the effects of broadband noise and grating masks were both compared with the cohort of stimuli. Some significant disparities in the published literature were well explained by the results. In conclusion, evidence for a chromatically sensitive motion mechanism that evades the, detrimental effects of a luminance mask was found only at the fovea and only when the stimulus was small and centrally placed.     

Local chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of ocular malignancies

We critically analyze available peer-reviewed literature, including clinical trials and case reports, on local ocular cancer treatments. Recent innovations in many areas of ocular oncology have introduced promising new therapies, but, for the most part, the optimal treatment of ocular malignancies remains elusive.