Esthetic Smile Analysis of Maxillary Anterior Tooth Width: The Golden Percentage

Abstract: With increasing application of cosmetic dental treatment comes the need for a greater understanding of esthetic principles. Scientific analysis of beautiful smiles has revealed repeatable, objective principles that can be systematically applied to evaluate and improve dental esthetics in predictable ways. Symmetry across the midline, anterior or central dominance, and regressive proportion are three composition elements required to create unity and esthetics in a smile. The Golden Proportion has been suggested as one possible mathematic analysis tool for assessing dominance and proportion- in the frontal view of the arrangement of maxillary teeth. It has proven to be controversial in developing esthetically beautiful smiles and cumbersome for evaluating symmetry.     

Digital Custom Impression Technique to Record Emergence Profile and Fabrication of an Esthetic Implant Supported Restoration

One of the challenges in esthetic implant supported restorations is to replicate the emergence profile of soft tissue contours created by provisional restorations. Various analog techniques have been used to achieve the most esthetic and natural emergence profile in final restorations. The evolution of digital dentistry has made dentistry easier and efficient albeit with a learning curve. The technique described here uses digital technology to describe a complete digital workflow from the provisional stage to the final restoration.     

不同切牙定位方式对骨性Ⅱ类患者审美评价的影响

目的:评价正畸治疗中不同切牙定位方式对骨性Ⅱ患者的侧貌审美认知的影响。方法:选取1例上颌前突下颌后缩骨性Ⅱ正畸术后病例作为研究对象,拍摄头颅侧位片和侧貌照片,分别以Tweed、 Andrews理论为指导对切牙位置进行不同方式定位,通过Photoshop软件体现到唇部变化,得到12张不同的侧貌图。选取择专业和非专业人员对其评分。结果:下切牙直立(90°)、轻度唇倾代偿的(92.5°)、上切牙FA点落于GALL线后方-2 mm和 -1 mm对应侧貌较美观。结论:成人上颌前突下颌后缩的骨性II患者软组织侧貌美学设计中,上切牙内收舌倾代偿,下切牙唇倾代偿,且下切牙唇倾处于于90°~95°之间较为美观;下切牙的过度唇倾代偿有损侧貌的美观。     

Impact of Gingival Margin Asymmetries on the Smile Esthetic Perception of Dental Specialists,Doctors of Dental Medicine,Students, and Laypeople: a Comparative Pilot Study

ObjectiveTo evaluate the perceptions of altered incisor gingival position among dental specialists, dentists, dental students, and laypeople.Materials and methodsFour digital smile photographs with altered gingival margin position of the right maxillary incisor (0, 1, 2, and 3 mm) were presented to a sample of 232 respondents (71.1% female; 28.9% male): 42 dental specialists, 63 dentists, 33 dental students (1^st to 3^rd year), 38 dental students (4^th to 6^th year) and 56 laypeople. The questionnaire consisted of four randomly displayed photographs, administered via Google Form, and respondents were asked to rate the images on a scale from 1 to 5, from the least attractive to the most attractive. A statistical analysis was performed using the TIBCO Statistica program (v. 13.3. 0, TIBCO Software Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA; 2017). According to the Shapiro- Wilk''s test, the data were not distributed normally. The Kruskal-Wallis test with post hoc multiple comparisons with the Bonferroni adjustment were used to compare group esthetic scores and to determine the threshold levels of deviation at which each group was discriminated between esthetic and non-esthetic situations.ResultsMedian values of esthetic scores decreased in all groups as the gingival asymmetries increased. Dental professionals were significantly more critical of esthetics than laypeople in all levels of asymmetry. The greatest difference was found for 2 mm of gingival asymmetry (p=0.002).ConclusionFrom the results of our study, we can conclude that the perception of gingival asymmetries in the esthetic zone of smile differs among dental specialists, doctors, students, and laypeople. Dental specialists, doctors, and clinical students were more critical of these asymmetries, while preclinical students and laypeople noticed only 2 mm or more of gingival asymmetry of central incisors.     

露龈微笑病因的研究进展

<正>微笑,作为人们传递情感的重要方式,在人际交往和相处过程中显得必不可少。迷人和谐的微笑,常给人留下美好而深刻的印象。Tjan等[1]对微笑时唇齿的美学特征作出过如下描述:显露上前牙的近乎整个牙冠长度;不显露牙龈;上前牙切牙曲线与下唇内曲线平行;上切牙切缘与下唇刚接触或轻微不接触;显露上前牙和前磨牙;中线与和谐的微笑相一     

Esthetic analysis of the cervicofacial region

For many patients the primary motivating factor for orthognathic surgery is improvement of their facial appearance. In order to achieve a satisfactory esthetic result and satisfy the patients' concerns, a systematic, thorough evaluation should be performed. Because the face is a complex anatomic unit, it is best to evaluate each distinct region of the face separately, taking care to relate the various parts to the whole. During this examination it is important that the patient be in natural head position with the lips in repose and the teeth lightly touching in a centric relationship. Direct measurements from the patient are always more accurate than those obtained from photographs or radiographs. The surgeon should keep in mind that the proper relationships between the various regions of the face are more important than specific angles or numbers.