峡部依赖性心房扑动对心房颤动发作的影响

目的观察导管射频消融治疗峡部依赖性心房扑动(房扑)对心房颤动(房颤)发作的影响,进一步探讨房扑和房颤的关系。方法86例房扑患者,其体表心电图均提示典型房扑,男性54例、女性32例,年龄50.0±15.6(11～74)岁,病程5.6±6.4(0.1～30)年。将所有患者分成A、B两组,A组为房扑合并房颤患者,共25例;B组为不合并房颤患者,共61例;其中A组同时合并房室结折返性心动过速(AVNRT)3例,房室折返性心动过速(AVRT)4例,阵发性房性心动过速(PAT)10例;B组合并房室结折返性心动过速5例,房室折返性心动过速7例。对峡部依赖性房扑者,线性消融下腔静脉—三尖瓣环峡部致双向传导阻滞;房室折返性心动过速者行旁道消融术;房室结折返性心动过速者行慢径改良术,阵发性房速术中持续或可诱发,予以射频消融。平均随访27.1±14.1(6～63)月。结果A组25例患者中,术后68%(17/25)患者不再发作房颤;其余8例仍有房颤发作,其中1例为术前同时合并房室折返性心动过速,5例为合并阵发性房速。61例术前不合并房颤者,术后随访中有16.4%(10/61)新发房颤。86例患者中,6例因病态窦房结综合征行起搏器植入术,随访未诉心悸、胸闷,心电图为窦性心律与起搏心律交替出现。结论房扑可能与房颤具有共同的发生基质,也可以是房颤的触发因素,成功消融房扑后可以阻止房颤的发生。但房颤发生机制多样,消融峡部依赖性房扑,仍会发生房颤,术前合并房颤或房速者是最强的预测因子。     

房室旁道合并心房颤动的影响因素探析

目的总结分析房室旁道合并心房颤动(简称房颤)患者的临床、心电图及电生理特征,以探讨房室旁道合并房颤的影响因素。方法收集房室旁道合并房颤患者作为房颤组,另选单纯房室旁道而无房颤的患者作为对照组。根据旁道性质将房颤组分为显性组和隐性组,根据射频消融术后是否再发房颤将房颤组分为再发组和无再发组。分析并比较显性组与隐性组、房颤组与对照组、再发组与无再发组的临床、心电图及电生理特征。结果房颤组105例,行射频消融术73例;对照组109例。73例合并房颤的房室旁道患者,显性旁道62例(84.9%),隐匿性旁道11例(15.1%)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=0.896,95%CI 0.861~0.934,P0.001)、左房内径(OR=0.895,95%CI 0.830~0.966,P=0.004)、右侧旁道(OR=0.220,95%CI 0.085~0.569,P=0.002)是房室旁道患者发生房颤的独立易患因素。单纯消融旁道组与同时消融旁道和房颤组术后房颤再发率没有统计学差异(6.1%vs16.7%,P=0.208)。结论显性旁道患者更易合并房颤;年龄大、左房内径大、右侧旁道的房室旁道患者更易发生房颤;消融旁道的同时是否消融房颤,对术后房颤的再发没有影响。     

老年人阵发性室上性心动过速射频消融的特点

目的探讨老年阵发性室上性心动过速(室上速)患者特点及射频消融治疗的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性分析184例因阵发性室上速行射频消融患者,根据年龄分为两组,实验组共52例,年龄≥60岁,对照组132例,年龄<60岁,分析两组患者的临床特征、电生理特点、射频消融的成功率及并发症。结果实验组合并器质性心脏病和其他系统疾病高于对照组(P<0.01),实验组房室结折返性心动过速发生率高于对照组(P<0.01),两组患者在射频消融成功率(P>0.05)及复发率(P>0.05)方面无显著性差异。结论老年阵发性室上速患者行射频消融术是安全、有效的,可作为首选的治疗方法之一。     

单核细胞与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇比值对射频消融术后晚期心房颤动复发的预测价值

目的探讨单核细胞/HDL-C比值(MHR)对老年阵发性心房颤动(房颤)患者射频消融术后晚期复发的预测价值。方法纳入江苏省苏北人民医院行导管射频消融术的老年阵发性房颤患者82例,根据消融术3个月后房颤是否复发分为复发组31例和未复发组51例,收集入选患者术前临床资料,采用logistic回归分析术后复发的影响因素。结果老年阵发性房颤行射频消融术患者术后晚期复发率为37.8%,复发组房颤病程、单核细胞、MHR及左心房内径明显高于未复发组,HDL-C明显低于未复发组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。logistic回归分析显示,校正相关因素后,左心房内径和MHR是阵发性房颤射频消融术后晚期复发的独立危险因素(OR=1.280,95%CI:1.079～1.518,P=0.005;OR=1.482,95%CI:1.153～1.906,P=0.002)。ROC曲线分析显示,MHR预测阵发性房颤射频消融术后晚期复发的曲线下面积为0.76(95%CI:0.650～0.870,P=0.000)。结论 MHR是老年阵发性房颤患者射频消融术后晚期复发的独立预测因素。     

射频消融术并发急性心包填塞一例

患者女性 ,6 3岁。因反复发作阵发性心悸 14个月余入院 ,外院心电图提示阵发性室上性心动过速 (室上速 )。入院体格检查 :血压 14 0 / 80ｍｍＨｇ(1ｍｍＨｇ =0 133ｋＰａ) ,心率72次 /ｍｉｎ ,心律齐 ,无杂音。诊断为阵发性室上速 ,故行心脏电生理检查及射频消融术治疗。术中经右颈内静脉插入10极冠状静脉窦电极导管 ,经双侧股静脉插入 3根电生理标测导管 ,分别置于高位右心房、希氏束及右心室心尖部。按常规行电生理检查 ,并诱发房室结折返性心动过速(ＡＶＮＲＴ)。电生理检查示房室结双径路。经右股静脉鞘管插入 7Ｆ蓝色消融导管 ,右前…     

单核细胞/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇：预测阵发性房颤冷冻消融术后复发的新指标

目的研究阵发性房颤患者冷冻消融术前单核细胞计数与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的比值(M/H)对术后房颤复发的预测价值。方法纳入首次应用冷冻消融术完成肺静脉即刻完全隔离的阵发性房颤患者127例,根据房颤是否复发将患者分为复发组和非复发组,评估两组背景资料及M/H值与房颤术后复发的相关性。结果 127例患者的平均年龄(61.51±9.74)岁,其中女性56例(44.09%),在随访12个月后,共有37例患者发生房颤复发。术前M/H(OR=1.382,95%CI:1.152-1.659, P=0.001)是阵发性房颤冷冻消融术后房颤复发的独立危险因子。当房颤冷冻消融术前M/H值大于8.59时,其对房颤术后复发预测的敏感性是67.6%,特异性是63.3%。结论术前M/H是阵发性房颤冷冻消融术后复发的独立预测因子,术前M/H值越高,其术后复发的风险越高。     

阵发性室上性心动过速时晕厥原因的多因素分析

目的:了解阵发性室上性心动过速时发生晕厥的影响因素.方法:310例反复发作的阵发性室上性心动过速患者,其中22例既往心动过速发作时并发晕厥者为晕厥组,288例为无晕厥组.阵发性房室结折返性心动过速62例,房室折返性心动过速248例,所有患者心动过速类型由心内电生理检查确定.多因素分析其性别、年龄,心动过速时心率(次/分)、心动过速病史(年)和类型等与室上性心动过速时发生晕厥的关系.结果:晕厥组女性患者晕厥比例显著多于非晕厥组(P=0.02);房室结折返性心动过速患者比例亦显著多于非晕厥组(P=0.03).而两组间平均年龄、心动过速时的平均心率、心动过速病史均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论:女性及房室结折返性心动过速与晕厥相关,而患者年龄、心动过速病史、心动过速时的心率与晕厥无关.     

房性早搏、房性反复搏动,还是其他

通过心律失常心电图与电生理检查的对比与讨论,常能得到深刻的启发。图1是一位20岁女性患者的心电图。患者因阵发性室上速反复发作而行射频消融术治疗,经过详细的心内电生理检查后确定患者室上速的发生机制为预激综合征伴发顺向型房室折返性心动过速,心脏电生理标测结果还证实:     

血浆转化生长因子β1水平与心房颤动导管消融后复发的关系研究

目的:探讨心房颤动(房颤)导管消融术前患者血浆转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)水平与房颤消融术后复发的关系。方法:连续选取100例接受导管消融治疗的房颤患者,其中阵发性房颤60例,持续性房颤40例。阵发性及持续性房颤患者随访1年后根据房颤复发情况再分为复发组和无复发组。术前检测血浆TGF-β1水平,并行超声心动图等临床检查。结果:所有患者均随访12个月,房颤消融术后的复发率为30%(30/100),其中阵发性房颤术后复发率为21.6%(13/60),持续性房颤复发率为42.5%(17/40)。30例房颤术后复发患者术前血浆TGF-β1水平较70例术后无复发患者高[(35.49±8.47)ng/ml vs(27.00±8.61)ng/ml),P<0.05],其中阵发性房颤复发组术前血浆TGF-β1水平较无复发组高,差异有统计学意义[(28.90±8.44)ng/ml vs(22.47±6.64)ng/ml,P<0.05];持续性房颤复发组亦高于无复发组[(40.52±3.37)ng/ml vs(36.26±2.66)ng/ml,P<0.05]。对患者年龄、性别、房颤类型、体重指数、左心房内径、左心室射血分数、TGF-β1等多因素logistic回归分析得出术前血浆TGF-β1水平与房颤消融术后复发有关[OR=1.17,95%CI(1.05,1.31),P=0.004]。进一步分析显示,术前血浆TGF-β1水平与阵发性房颤的术后复发有关[OR=1.16,95%CI(1.05,1.52),P=0.01],与持续性房颤术后复发也有关[OR=1.71,95%CI(1.12,2.62),P=0.013]。结论:房颤消融术前血浆TGF-β1水平与房颤消融术后复发有关。     

鉴别室上速机制的RP间期值变为90ms(99)

<正>当窄QRS波心动过速心率快而整齐,又有突发突止特征时又称为阵发性室上速(PSVT),主要包括AVNRT(房室结折返性室上速),发生率约45%,其由房室结存在的慢快双径路发生折返引起;而AVRT(房室折返性室上速)的发生率约45%,其因房室之间存在预激旁路而引起折返性心动过速,还有发生率相对少见的房性心动过速约占10%。鉴别室上速AVNRT与AVRT两种机制的方法很多,就心电图而言,原来可应用心动过速时     

室性心动过速合并室上性心动过速的射频消融

目的报道7例室性心动过速（VT）合并室上性心动过速（sVT）的射频消融。方法7例患者男6例,女1例,平均年龄（21±9）岁。阵发性心动过速病史（3．7±2．0）年。术中心房和心室刺激诱发VT和SVT,并进行消融。结果7例患者心房或心室刺激能反复诱发和终止VT合并SVT。法洛四联症矫治术后右心室VT合并三尖瓣环峡部依赖性心房扑动（AFL）1例,其余6例均为维拉帕米敏感性左心室特发性室速（ILVT）,分别合并AFL1例,左后间隔旁路参与的顺向型房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）1例,冠状静脉窦口慢旁路参与的顺向型AVRT1例,慢慢型房室结折返性心动过速（AVNRT）1例,左侧游离壁旁路参与的顺向型AVRT2例。7例患者的两种心动过速均成功消融,所有患者消融术后随访2年,无一例VT或SVT复发。结论VT合并SVT并不少见,消融术中应放置必需的心腔内电极导管,完成详细电生理检查,避免漏诊。一次消融应根除两种疾病。     

房室折返性心动过速合并阵发性心房颤动的射频导管消融策略

目的探讨房室折返性心动过速（AVRT）合并阵发性心房颤动的射频导管消融（下称消融）策略。方法对经电生理检查证实的AVRT患者15例行旁道消融术,其中男性9例,女性6例,并对术后心房颤动的转归进行12～36个月的随访,观察心房颤动发生、持续时间、有无心律失常等情况。结果13例未再发生心房颤动,2例有严重器质性心脏病的患者仍有阵发性心房颤动复发,但发作次数明显减少,口服胺碘酮可控制症状。1例动态心电图示频发房性期前收缩。结论AVRT与阵发性心房颤动发生率增高密切相关,AVRT是心房颤动的触发因素。旁道消融后,阵发性心房颤动可明显改善,未改善者与心房扩大等心房基质未改善有关。     

Electrophysiological characteristics and catheter ablation in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Introduction: Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) is often associated with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the relationship between PSVT and AF is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics in patients with PSVT and AF, and to demonstrate the origin of the AF before the radiofrequency (RF) ablation of AF.
Methods and Results: Four hundred and two consecutive patients with paroxysmal AF (338 had a pure PV foci and 64 had a non-PV foci) that underwent RF ablation were included. Twenty-one patients (10 females; mean age 47 ± 18 years) with both PSVT and AF were divided into two groups. Group 1 consisted of 14 patients with inducible atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) and AF. Group 2 consisted of seven patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome and AF. Patients with non-PV foci of AF had a higher incidence of AVNRT than those with PV foci (11% vs. 2%, P = 0.003). Patients with AF and atypical AVNRT had a higher incidence of AF ectopy from the superior vena cava (SVC) than those with AF and typical AVNRT (86% vs. 14%, P = 0.03). Group 1 patients had smaller left atrial (LA) diameter (36 ± 3 vs. 41 ± 3 mm, P = 0.004) and higher incidence of an SVC origin of AF (50% vs. 0%, P = 0.047) than did those in Group 2.
Conclusion: The SVC AF has a close relationship with AVNRT. The effect of atrial vulnerability and remodeling may differ between AVNRT and WPW syndrome.     

无症状性心房颤动患者临床特征和预后分析

目的:本研究旨在分析无症状性心房颤动(房颤)患者的临床特征和预后情况.方法:回顾性分析2015年9月至2019年7月在金塔县人民医院住院期间确诊有心房颤动的患者426例,根据欧洲心律学会(EHRA)房颤症状评分将其分为无症状性房颤组(n=122)和症状性房颤组(n=304).比较两组患者的临床特征,通过多因素Logis...     

典型心房扑动对心房颤动导管消融复发的影响

目的 评价典型心房扑动(房扑)对心房颤动(房颤)导管消融复发的影响.方法 120例药物治疗无效的阵发性房颤患者在三维电解剖标测系统和肺静脉环状标测电极导管联合指导下行环肺静脉电隔离.其中17例(14.2%)合并典型房扑(房扑组,其余作为对照组),行三尖瓣环峡部消融,三尖瓣环峡部消融终点为三尖瓣环峡部双向阻滞.房颤复发定义为导管消融3个月后发生房性快速心律失常.结果 房扑组房颤病程(9.8±10.7)年,长于对照组(5.9±6.3)年,差异有统计学意义(P=0.036).房扑组与对照组相比,年龄、性别、合并器质性心脏病、左心房直径、左心室射血分数差异无统计学意义.随访91～401(237±79)d,房扑组房颤复发率为47.1%,对照组房颤复发率为12.6%,两组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.001).经校正年龄、房颤病程、合并器质性心脏病、左心房直径等因素,Cox多因素分析发现消融术前合并房扑是房颤复发的独立危险因素(危险比3.52,95%可信区间1.32～9.34,P=0.012).结论 典型房扑可能增加房颤导管消融术后房颤的复发,房颤导管消融前应对患者是否合并典型房扑进行认真评价.     

女性急性心肌梗死患者的临床特点及预后分析

目的评价女性与男性急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的临床特点及预后。方法连续入选AMI患者284例,男216例,女68例,比较女性与男性患者临床特点、合并症、PCI及院内预后的差异,随访3个月主要不良心血管事件(MACE),评价影响患者死亡及MACE的危险因素。结果与男性比较,女性患者年龄偏大、入院时心率偏快、TIMI分级及GRACE评分明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01)。女性冠状动脉造影比例明显降低(30.9%vs 48.6%,P=0.012);院内死亡有增高趋势,但差异无统计学意义(17.6%vs 9.3%,P=0.077),3个月MACE发生率高于男性(27.9%vs 15.7%,P=0.032)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.078,95%CI:1.035¹.123,P=0.000)和Killip分级(OR=1.901,95%CI:1.3731.123,P=0.000)和Killip分级(OR=1.901,95%CI:1.373².633,P=0.000)是院内死亡的独立危险因素;年龄(OR=1.040,95%CI:1.0082.633,P=0.000)是院内死亡的独立危险因素;年龄(OR=1.040,95%CI:1.008¹.074,P=0.015)、Killip分级(OR=1.543,95%CI:1.1701.074,P=0.015)、Killip分级(OR=1.543,95%CI:1.170².034,P=0.002)是3个月MACE的独立危险因素;PCI(OR=0.090,95%CI:0.0262.034,P=0.002)是3个月MACE的独立危险因素;PCI(OR=0.090,95%CI:0.026⁰.306,P=0.000)是3个月MACE的保护因素。结论女性AMI患者年龄偏大、心功能差、危险程度高,接受PCI比例低,但性别本身并非预测院内死亡及3个月随访MACE的独立预测因素。     

Radiofrequency ablation for treating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia complicated by atrial fibrillation:A single-center retrospective analysis

Background The effect of selective radiofrequency ablation for treating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia(PSVT) and its associated paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF) was assessed. Methods Data were collected retrospectively from patients diagnosed of PSVT and subsequently treated with radiofrequency ablation. Regular monthly follow-up by dynamic electrocardiography(ECG) was performed. Incident rates of atrial fibrillation before and after ablation were compared. Results 382 PSVT patients with 58 having atrial fibrillation were enrolled. The order of complicated PAF from high to low in these patients was displayed as: atrial tachycardia(AT),atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia(AVRT) and atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia(AVNRT). Among AVRT patients, PAF was more frequent in patients having accessory pathways. AVNRT patients had significantly lower PAF rate comparing to other patients. PAF incident rate was significantly reduced by radiofrequency ablation therapy. Conclusion We advise regular dynamic ECG for PSVT patients, especially those with atrial flutter, AT or pre-excitation syndrome. Selective radiofrequency ablation is a feasible approach for treating AF complicated PSVT patients.     

Prediction of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation after aortic valve replacement in patients with aortic stenosis: identification of potential risk factors

BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is a frequent complication after cardiac surgery. The study aim was to identify preoperative predictors of risk for this condition in patients with aortic stenosis after aortic valve replacement. METHODS: The influence of clinical, echocardiographic and 24 h electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters on episodes of paroxysmal AF after aortic valve replacement (AVR) in 423 patients (156 women, 267 men; mean age 58 +/- 10 years) with aortic stenosis was analyzed. Episodes of postoperative paroxysmal AF were noted in 120 patients (28%). RESULTS: Univariate analyses identified the following variables as risk factors for arrhythmia: age, NYHA functional class, history of preoperative paroxysmal AF, left ventricular mass index, >300 supraventricular beats on 24h ECG before surgery, presence of supraventricular tachycardia (SVT), SVT of >5 beats or with a rate >120 beats/min. Concomitant coronary artery bypass (CABG) grafting and presence of enlarged left atrium had no impact. By multivariate analysis, four variables were identified as independent predictors: age (odds ratio 1.7; 95% CI 1.2-2.1); history of paroxysmal AF (OR 3.2; CI 1.4-7.3); presence of >300 supraventricular beats/24 h (OR 1.9; CI 1.1-3.4); and presence of SVT (OR 2.1; CI 1.3-3.4). Discriminatory analysis revealed that a model comprising these four parameters enabled risk prediction in 68% of patients. CONCLUSION: In patients with isolated aortic stenosis, age, past history of paroxysmal AF episodes, >300 supraventricular beats/24 h and presence of SVT during 24 h before AVR were predictors of postoperative paroxysmal AF episodes. Left atrial diameter and simultaneous CABG during AVR did not influence the likelihood of postoperative paroxysmal AF.     

P Wave Dispersion Predicts Recurrence of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia Treated with Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation

Background: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) recurs in up to one‐third of patients with atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNRT) treated with slow pathway ablation. Therefore, identification of patients at risk for recurrence of AF after slow pathway ablation is important because of the necessity for additional therapies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether successful slow pathway ablation influences P wave parameters and whether these parameters predict the recurrence of paroxysmal AF in patients with both AVNRT and paroxysmal AF after ablation. Methods: Thirty‐six patients with AVNRT and documented paroxysmal AF (Group 1) were compared to 36 age‐matched controls with AVNRT only (Group 2). P wave durations and P dispersion were measured before and after ablation. Results: No significant differences were observed between P wave parameters observed before and after ablation. Maximum P wave durations (Pmax) and P dispersion (Pdisp) were significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (P < 0.001 for both) whereas minimum P wave durations did not differ between groups, both before and after ablation. Ten patients (28%) in Group‐1 had recurrence of AF during a mean follow‐up of 34 ± 11 months. Univariate predictors of AF recurrence were Pdisp ≥35.5 ms (P < 0.010), left atrial diameter >40 mm (P < 0.010), mitral or aortic calcification (P < 0.010), Pmax ≥112 ms (P < 0.050), valvular heart disease (P < 0.050), and atrial vulnerability (induction of AF lasting >30 second) after ablation (P < 0.050). However, only Pdisp ≥35.5 ms (P < 0.050) and left atrial diameter >40 mm (P < 0.010) were independent predictors of AF recurrences. Conclusion: This study suggests that P wave dispersion could identify patients with AVNRT susceptible to recurrence of AF after slow pathway ablation.     

阵发性高度及完全房室传导阻滞的临床及电生理特点

目的 探讨阵发性高度及阵发性完全房室传导阻滞的临床特点及心脏电生理特点,明确传导阻滞位置,指导起搏器植入治疗.方法 34例因阵发性高度及阵发性完全房室传导阻滞住院行起搏器植入患者,根据心脏电生理检查结果 ,将其分为房室结阻滞组(16例)和希蒲传导系统阻滞组(18例),比较两组的临床特点和电生理特点.结果 两组患者体表心...