急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者血浆N末端脑钠尿肽前体水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册评分的相关性研究

目的：探讨急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死（ ANSTEMI）患者血浆N末端脑钠尿肽前体（ NT－proBNP）水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册（ GRACE）评分的关系。方法2010年1月—2013年10月连续入选在宁德市医院心内科住院治疗的初发ANSTEMI患者156例,根据入院时GRACE危险分层将患者分为低危组（ GRACE评分＜85分）48例、中危组（ GRACE评分为85～133分）51例、高危组（ GRACE评分＞133分）57例。采用德国SIEMENS公司生产的Dimension自动检测仪测定患者血浆NT－proBNP水平,分析血浆NT－proBNP水平与GRACE评分间的相关性。结果低危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为439（134～915） ng／L,中危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为886（234～2488） ng／L,高危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为2320（278～10442） ng／L,高危组患者血浆NT－proBNP水平＞中危组＞低危组（ P ＜0.05）。 NT－proBNP取以10为底的对数（ lg ）转换为lgNT－proBNP后与GRACE评分做双变量相关分析,结果显示lgNT－proBNP与 GRACE 评分呈正相关（ r ＝0.52, P ＜0.05）。结论ANSTEMI患者血浆NT－proBNP与GRACE评分呈正相关,检测血浆NT－proBNP水平有助于快速筛查高危ANSTEMI患者及评估其预后。     

急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者血浆N末端脑钠尿肽前体水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册评分的相关性研究

目的：探讨急性非ST段抬高型心肌梗死（ ANSTEMI）患者血浆N末端脑钠尿肽前体（ NT－proBNP）水平与全球急性冠状动脉事件注册（ GRACE）评分的关系。方法2010年1月—2013年10月连续入选在宁德市医院心内科住院治疗的初发ANSTEMI患者156例,根据入院时GRACE危险分层将患者分为低危组（ GRACE评分＜85分）48例、中危组（ GRACE评分为85～133分）51例、高危组（ GRACE评分＞133分）57例。采用德国SIEMENS公司生产的Dimension自动检测仪测定患者血浆NT－proBNP水平,分析血浆NT－proBNP水平与GRACE评分间的相关性。结果低危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为439（134～915） ng／L,中危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为886（234～2488） ng／L,高危组患者血浆NT－proBNP中位水平为2320（278～10442） ng／L,高危组患者血浆NT－proBNP水平＞中危组＞低危组（ P ＜0.05）。 NT－proBNP取以10为底的对数（ lg ）转换为lgNT－proBNP后与GRACE评分做双变量相关分析,结果显示lgNT－proBNP与 GRACE 评分呈正相关（ r ＝0.52, P ＜0.05）。结论ANSTEMI患者血浆NT－proBNP与GRACE评分呈正相关,检测血浆NT－proBNP水平有助于快速筛查高危ANSTEMI患者及评估其预后。     

合并抑郁症状的 COPD 患者与其 BODE指数及生活质量的相关性分析

目的：通过应用流行病学研究中心抑郁自评量表（center for epidemiologic studies depression ,CES‐D）量表调查COPD患者合并抑郁症状的情况,探讨合并抑郁症状的COPD患者与其BODE （body mass index ,degree of air‐flow obstruction ,dyspnea ,exercise capacity）指数及生活质量的相关性。方法74例稳定期COPD患者分别完成CES‐D评估、肺功能检测、BMI检测、改良版M RC呼吸困难指数评估、6分钟步行试验和圣乔治呼吸问卷调查等。结果 C O PD患者中合并抑郁症状的占48.6％（n＝36）。CES‐D评分与FEV1％ pred呈低度负相关（r＝－0.21,P＝0.01）。COPD患者中抑郁症状的患病率与BODE指数分级呈正相关（r＝0.61,P＝0.02）。圣乔治呼吸问卷评分与COPD患者的抑郁症状有相关性（r＝0.58,P＝0.004）。结论 COPD患者中抑郁症状的患病率及抑郁程度与BODE指数、呼吸功能受损程度等均相关。COPD患者的抑郁程度与圣乔治呼吸问卷评分相关。BODE指数对减少COPD患者合并抑郁症状的患病率和改善其生活质量有指导作用。     

Tei指数、右心室面积变化分数、右房室瓣环收缩期位移、肺动脉收缩压对慢性肺源性心脏病的诊断价值及其与血浆N末端B型利钠肽前体水平的相关性研究

目的探讨Tei指数、右心室面积变化分数(FAC)、右房室瓣环收缩期位移(TAPSE)、肺动脉收缩压(PASP)对慢性肺源性心脏病的诊断价值及其与血浆N末端B型利钠肽前体(NT-pro BNP)水平的相关性。方法选取2013年6月—2017年1月宜兴市人民医院收治的慢性肺源性心脏病患者337例,根据心肺功能代偿情况分为代偿组(n=64)和失代偿组(n=273),并根据失代偿程度将失代偿组患者分为呼吸困难组(n=118)、右心衰竭组(n=103)、全心衰竭组(n=52);另选取同期体检健康者52例作为对照组。比较对照组、代偿组、失代偿组受试者及代偿组、呼吸困难组、右心衰竭组、全心衰竭组患者Tei指数、FAC、TAPSE、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平,绘制ROC曲线以评价Tei指数、FAC、TAPSE、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平对慢性肺源性心脏病的诊断价值;Tei指数、FAC、TAPSE、PASP与慢性肺源性心脏病患者血浆NT-pro BNP水平的相关性分析采用Pearson相关分析。结果 (1)代偿组、失代偿组患者Tei指数、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平高于对照组,FAC低于对照组,TAPSE小于对照组(P0.05);失代偿组患者Tei指数、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平高于代偿组,FAC低于代偿组,TAPSE小于代偿组(P0.05)。(2)呼吸困难组、右心衰竭组、全心衰竭组患者Tei指数、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平高于代偿组,FAC低于代偿组,TAPSE小于代偿组(P0.05);右心衰竭组、全心衰竭组患者Tei指数、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平高于呼吸困难组,FAC低于呼吸困难组,TAPSE小于呼吸困难组(P0.05);全心衰竭组患者Tei指数、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平高于右心衰竭组,FAC低于右心衰竭组,TAPSE小于右心衰竭组(P0.05)。(3)绘制ROC曲线发现,Tei指数、FAC、TAPSE、PASP及血清NT-pro BNP水平诊断慢性肺源性心脏病的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.654[95%CI(0.557,0.751)]、0.960[95%CI(0.929,0.990)]、0.821[95%CI(0.742,0.899)]、0.854[95%CI(0.799,0.929)]、0.906[95%CI(0.853,0.960)];FAC、PASP、血浆NT-pro BNP水平诊断慢性肺源性心脏病的AUC大于Tei指数、TAPSE(P0.05)。(4)Pearson相关分析结果显示,FAC(r=-0.527)、TAPSE(r=-0.361)与慢性肺源性心脏病患者血浆NT-pro BNP水平呈负相关,而PASP(r=0.428)与慢性肺源性心脏病患者血浆NT-pro BNP水平呈正相关(P0.05)。结论 Tei指数、FAC、TAPSE、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平对慢性肺源性心脏病均有一定诊断价值,其中FAC、PASP及血浆NT-pro BNP水平的诊断价值较高;FAC、TAPSE与慢性肺源性心脏病患者血浆NT-pro BNP水平呈负相关,而PASP与慢性肺源性心脏病患者血浆NT-pro BNP水平呈正相关。     

心功能不全患者血浆N-末端脑钠肽前体及血清尿酸浓度的相关性

目的：探讨慢性充血性心力衰竭（CHF）患者血浆N-末端脑钠肽前体（NT—proBNP）浓度及血清尿酸（UA）浓度变化及其相关性。方法：65例心功能不全患者,按左室射血分数（LVEF）分两组,即LVEF〉40％组（32例）,LVEF≤40％组（33例）;30例健康体检者作为正常对照组。所有入选者人院后常规检查NT—proBNP,UA,超声心动图测定LVEF。结果：LVEF≤40％组NT—proBNP[1102．3（276．34,1483．3）pg／ml]和UAE478．0（351．5．576．7）μmol／L]水平较LVEF〉40％组[91．5（22．07。165．6）pg／ml;344．7（264．6,424．6）μmol／L]和正常对照组[14．6（5．4,54．1）pg／ml;289．7（214．6,326．3）μmol／L]显著升高．P均〈0．01;LVEF〉40％组NT～proBNP水平显著高于正常对照组（P〈0．01）,UA水平差异无显著性（P〉0．05）;心功能不全患者NT—proBNP与UA呈正相关（r为0．46,P％0．01）;LVEF与NT—proBNP和uA均呈负相关（r=-0．63、-0．42,P均〈0．01）。结论：慢性充血性心力衰竭患者血NT—proBNP浓度和UA浓度升高,且两者呈正相关。测定NT—proBNP和UA浓度有助于判断病情,早期治疗,改善预后。     

慢性心力衰竭合并心房颤动患者血N 端脑钠肽前体水平的变化

目的：评估慢性心力衰竭（CHF）合并心房颤动（AF）患者血 N 端脑钠肽前体（NT proBNP）水平的变化。方法将57例慢性心力衰竭患者分为两组：心房颤动组27例,窦性心律组30例。测定患者的血 NT proBNP浓度,进行超声心动图检查。结果心房颤动组患者血 NT proBNP水平明显高于窦性心律组（P〈0.05）。慢性心力衰竭患者血 NT proBNP水平与左室收缩及舒张末内径呈正相关（r值分别为0.29、0.38,P〈0.05）。结论慢性心力衰竭合并心房颤动患者的血 NT proBNP水平增高。     

急性心肌梗死患者血脑钠肽前体水平与心功能的关系

目的探讨急性心肌梗死患者血脑钠肽前体水平（NT-proBNP）与泵功能的相关性及在诊断泵衰竭中的价值。方法选择急性心肌梗死患者120例,其中心功能正常者4例,心功能Killip分级Ⅰ级55例,Ⅱ级32例,Ⅲ级15例,Ⅳ级14例。测定患者血NT-proBNP水平并分析NT-proBNP水平与患者心功能Killip分级的关系。结果急性心肌梗死后血hit-proBNP水平随心功能Killip分级明显升高,NT-proBNP水平与Killip分级呈正相关（r=0．425,P〈0．01）;高NT．proBNP水平患者泵衰竭发生率明显高于低NT-proBNP水平患者,NT—proBNP水平与泵衰竭明显相关（r=0．333,P〈0．05）。结论NT-proBNP水平对急性心肌梗死患者泵衰竭有良好的预测作用。     

脂联素受体 T-钙黏蛋白在香烟烟雾暴露所致大鼠肺气肿中的作用

目的：通过观察香烟烟雾暴露大鼠血清脂联素（adiponectin , APN ）、支气管上皮和肺血管内皮细胞A PN受体T‐钙黏蛋白（T‐cadherin , T‐cad ）的表达水平,以及二者与肺气肿严重程度的相关性,探讨T‐cad在香烟烟雾暴露所致大鼠肺气肿中的作用。方法选取6周龄健康雄性SD大鼠,体质量约为（190±10） g ,共16只,按有无香烟烟雾暴露随机分为香烟烟雾暴露组和对照组,每组8只,饲养6个月。显微镜下计算肺组织平均肺泡数（mean alveoli number , M AN ）及平均内衬间隔（mean linear intercept , MLI）, ELISA法测定血清总APN水平,免疫组织化学分析法对支气管上皮和肺血管内皮细胞 T‐cad进行半定量分析。结果①香烟烟雾暴露组MAN [（163.72±31.04）个／mm2]较对照组[（203.66±8.51）个／mm2]降低,MLI [（76.33±10.98）μm]较对照组[（65.57±5.72）μm]升高,差异有统计学意义（ t值分别为－3.51,2.46,P值均＜0.05）;MAN与MLI呈负相关（ r ＝－0.791,P＜0.01）。②香烟烟雾暴露组APN [（8.14±1.17） mg／L]较对照组[（6.57±1.15） mg／L]升高,差异有统计学意义（ t ＝2.71,P ＜0.05）;APN与MAN呈负相关,与MLI呈正相关（ r分别＝－0.673和0.751,P值均＜0.05）。③香烟烟雾暴露组肺血管内皮细胞 T‐cad [（30.79±1.22）×10‐4]较对照组[（47.32±3.42）×10‐4]降低,差异有统计学意义（t ＝－12.85,P ＜0.05）;T‐cad与M A N呈正相关,与M L I呈负相关（ r ＝0.674,－0.615, P值均＜0.05）。④香烟烟雾暴露组支气管上皮细胞T‐cad [（308.01±16.82）×10‐4]与对照组[（293.14±19.60）×10‐4]比较差异无统计学意义, T‐cad与MAN、MLI均无相关性。⑤血清APN与肺血管内皮细胞 T‐cad表达水平呈负相关（ r ＝－0.677, P ＜0.05）,与支气管上皮细胞T‐cad无相关性。结论香烟烟雾暴露可以降低肺血管内皮细胞T‐cad的表达,使其对血管内皮的保护作用减弱,同时升高血清A PN水平,进一步促进肺气肿的形成。     

联合测定心肌肌能指数和C-反应蛋白对扩张性心肌病患者预后评估的价值

目的 探讨联合多普勒超声指标心肌肌能指数（又称Tei指数）和血清C-反应蛋白（CRP）对扩张性心肌病（DCM）患者预后评估的价值.方法 对已确诊的扩张性心肌病患者51例分别检测Tei指数、左室射血分数（LVEF）和血清CRP,随访9个月,对再次因心力衰竭而就诊的患者重复测Tei指数、LVEF和血清CRP.结果 扩张性心肌病患者Tei 指数、LVEF和血清CRP较对照组显著升高,且早期血清CRP和Tei 指数呈正相关（r＝0.596,P＜0.01）,9个月内,因心力衰竭再次就诊的患者Tei 指数、LVEF和血清CRP水平高于心力衰竭患者的平均水平;与自身比较Tei 指数有显著性差异,而LVEF和血清CRP水平前后比较无显著性差异.结论 Tei指数和C-反应蛋白均对扩张性心肌病患者有一定的预后判断价值,联合测定对患者预后的评估更有意义.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病合并肺间质纤维化37例临床分析

目的：探讨COPD合并肺间质纤维化（COPD‐PIF）临床特点及意义。方法从2010年1月至2014年12月在南京医科大学附属常州市第二人民医院收治的92例COPD‐PIF患者,选择资料完整的37例,随机抽取同期的35例PIF患者作为对照组,回顾性分析2组患者的临床资料、肺功能、血气分析、胸部CT／HRCT的差异。结果①COPD‐PIF组年龄[（74.03±7.59）岁]、吸烟指数[（17.76±22.03）]明显高于IPF组的年龄[（62.80±10.28）岁]及吸烟指数[（9.43±11.55）]（t＝5.24、1.99,P ＜0.05）;临床表现介于COPD与IPF之间,但两者性别、吸烟者比例、杵状指差异无统计学意义。② COPD‐PIF 组患者的 FEV1％ pred [（67.16±15.67）％]、FEV1／FVC [（69.70±11.36）％]均明显低于PIF组[（74.09±8.63）％],[（74.23±7.22）％],（t ＝2.30、2.01,P ＜0.05）, FVC％ pred [（81.46±16.27）％]高于PIF组[（71.69±10.77）％]（ t ＝2.99,P ＜0.05）;DLCO％ pred指标间差异无统计学意义（ t ＝1.35,P ＞0.05）。③ COPD‐PIF 组 PaO2[（69.56±13.06） mmHg]明显低于PIF组[（76.81±12.13） mmHg],同时PaCO2[（46.15±9.08） mmHg]高于PIF组[（39.03±5.11） mmHg]（ t＝4.06,P＜0.05）。④ COPD‐PIF患者CT／HRCT同时具备肺气肿和肺间质纤维化表现,影像学上磨玻璃影及蜂窝肺差异无统计学意义（χ2分别为0.84、0.07, P＞0.05）。结论 COPD‐PIF组患者肺功能衰减重于PIF组,易于出现呼吸衰竭,临床上应提高对此病的诊断意识,及早采取措施,从而改善患者的生存状况。     

Cardiac dysfunction and N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide in exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Elevated levels of B‐type natriuretic peptides among patients with exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with higher mortality. The pathophysiology is unclear. To establish if elevated levels of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) are due to right or left heart dysfunction, we performed echocardiograms in 18 patients admitted to hospital with COPD. Elevated levels of NT‐proBNP were associated with both right and left heart dysfunction and indicate that these patients have biventricular dysfunction rather than isolated right ventricular compromise.     

High levels of circulating N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide in patients with hepatitis C

Summary. Many patients chronically infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) experience symptoms like fatigue, dyspnea and reduced physical activity. However, in many patients, these symptoms are not proportional to the liver involvement and could resemble symptoms of chronic heart failure. To our knowledge, no study evaluated serum levels of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) in a large series of patients with HCV chronic infection (HCV+). Serum NT‐proBNP was assayed in 50 patients HCV+ and in 50 sex‐ and age‐matched controls. HCV+ patients showed significantly higher mean NT‐proBNP level than controls (P = 0.001). By defining high NT‐proBNP level as a value higher than 125 pg/mL (the single cut‐off point for patient under 75 years of age), 34% HCV+ and 6% controls had high NT‐proBNP (Fisher exact test; P < 0.001). With a cut‐off point of 300 pg/mL (used to rule out chronic heart failure in patients under 75 years of age) 10% HCV+ and 0 controls had high NT‐proBNP (Fisher exact test; P = 0.056). With a cut‐off point of 900 pg/mL (used for ruling in chronic heart failure in patients with age 50–75) 8% HCV+ patients and 0 controls had high NT‐proBNP (Fisher exact test; P = 0.12). The study demonstrates high levels of circulating NT‐proBNP in HCV+ patients compared to healthy controls. The increase of NT‐proBNP may indicate the presence of a sub‐clinical cardiac dysfunction. Further prospective studies quantifying these symptoms in correlation with echocardiography are needed to confirm this association.     

内质网应激标志物预测老年心衰后多器官功能衰竭的价值

目的 研究内质网应激标志物预测老年心衰后多器官功能衰竭（MOF）的价值。方法 选择2019年3月～2021年3月空军军医大学西京医院收治的126例老年心衰患者为研究对象,根据患者入院后30 d是否发生MOF将其分为MOF组（21例）和非MOF组（105例）。收集所有患者的临床资料,包括年龄、性别、身体质量指数（BMI）、美国纽约心脏病协会（NYHA）分级、合并症（高血压、冠心病、糖尿病、慢性肾衰、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、肺炎）,比较两组血红蛋白（Hb）、肌钙蛋白I(TnI)、氨基末端脑钠肽前体（NT-proBNP）、葡萄糖调节蛋白78(GRP78)水平。采取非条件Logistic逐步回归分析老年心衰后发生MOF的危险因素,以ROC曲线分析GRP78、NTproBNP预测老年心衰后发生MOF的价值,以一致性分析GRP78联合NT-proBNP预测老年心衰后发生MOF的价值。结果 与非MOF组相比,MOF组年龄≥70岁（P<0.01）、合并慢性肾衰（P<0.05）、合并肺炎（P<0.05）的患者比例较高;MOF组GRP78(P<0.05)、NT-proBNP(P<0...     

N-terminal proB-type natriuretic peptide levels aid the diagnosis of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and renal dysfunction

Background and objective: The aim of this study was to assess the performance of N‐terminal proB‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels for the diagnosis of left ventricular dysfunction in patients with severe acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and renal dysfunction. Methods: NT‐proBNP levels at admission were measured in consecutive patients admitted to two participating intensive care units with acute exacerbations of COPD. Left ventricular dysfunction was assessed on the basis of clinical and echocardiographic criteria. The performance of NT‐proBNP levels was evaluated in patients with or without renal dysfunction. Results: Among the 120 patients included in the study, 70 had impaired renal function, defined as a glomerular filtration rate of <90 mL/min/1.73 m². NT‐proBNP levels were inversely correlated with glomerular filtration rate (Spearman's correlation coefficient = ?0.457, P < 0.001). Overall, left ventricular dysfunction was diagnosed in 58 patients (48.3%). Median NT‐proBNP levels were significantly higher in these patients, irrespective of whether their renal function was normal (3313 (interquartile range (IQR) 4603) vs 337 (IQR 695) pg/mL, P < 0.001) or impaired (5692 (IQR 10714) vs 887 (IQR 1165) pg/mL, P < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were 0.87 and 0.78, respectively. The threshold NT‐proBNP value with the highest diagnostic accuracy was greater in the setting of renal dysfunction (2000 pg/mL; sensitivity 71%, specificity 82%, compared with 1000 pg/mL in patients with normal renal function; sensitivity 94%, specificity 82%). Multivariate analysis showed that left ventricular dysfunction and glomerular filtration rate were independently associated with elevated NT‐proBNP levels. Conclusions: NT‐proBNP remains an accurate biomarker for the diagnosis of left ventricular dysfunction associated with acute exacerbations of COPD. Threshold values of NT‐proBNP were higher in patients with impaired renal function than in those with normal renal function.     

曲美他嗪对慢性肺源性心脏病患者心肺功能及生命质量的影响

目的探讨曲美他嗪对慢性肺源性心脏病(肺心病)患者心肺功能及生命质量(QOL)的影响。方法连续选取2010年9月—2012年3月在武汉市武昌医院呼吸内科住院治疗的慢性肺心病患者96例,将其按随机数字表法分为观察组46例和对照组50例。对照组予以常规治疗,观察组在此基础上加用曲美他嗪,12周为1个疗程。观察两组患者治疗前后第一秒用力呼气容积占用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC)、最大呼气中段流速(MMEF)、血浆氨基末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)水平及QOL评分。结果治疗后观察组患者FEV1/FVC和MMEF高于对照组,NT-proBNP及QOL评分低于对照组(P0.01)。结论曲美他嗪能改善慢性肺心病患者心肺功能,提高其QOL。     

Tei指数对慢性阻塞性肺病肺动脉高压患者的右心功能评价

目的:应用Tei指数评价慢性阻塞性肺病（chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD）伴肺动脉高压(pulmonary hypertension,PH)患者的右心功能。方法: 临床确诊的慢性阻塞性肺病伴肺动脉高压(COPD+PH)患者68例,另30例正常人作为对照组。根据三尖瓣反流压差,超声估测肺动脉收缩压,并按其分别判定为重度PH组、中度PH组和轻度PH组。超声常规测量参数包括右心室前后径、右心房横径、肺动脉主干内径,并计算右心室Tei指数。结果: 68例COPD+PH患者中,重度PH组22例,中度PH组30例,轻度PH组16例;与对照组相比,重度PH组和中度PH组右心大小、Tei指数均有统计学差异,轻度PH组无明显右心形态改变,Tei指数无统计学差异。结论: 右心室Tei指数可作为COPD伴中重度PH患者右心功能评价的参考指标。     

COPD患者体内血清瘦素与hs-CRP的相关性

目的 探究血清瘦素（LP）和高敏C反应蛋白（hs-CRP）水平在慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者体内浓度的临床变化及两者间的相关性.方法 纳入依据COPD诊治指南中确诊的急性加重期的患者102例为急性加重期组,缓解期的患者132例定为稳定期组,体检健康者158名定为对照组.收集患者相关临床资料,采用比浊法检测血清高敏C反应蛋白水平,酶联免疫吸附法测定血清瘦素水平.应用Pearson相关分析分析瘦素与C反应蛋白及其他因素的相关性.结果 急性加重期组血清瘦素和高敏C反应蛋白水平最高,血清瘦素水平和高敏C反应蛋白水平三组间比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.经简单相关分析显示,血清瘦素和C反应蛋白间有相关性（r=0.435,P＜0.05）.结论 无论是COPD的缓解期还是急性加重期均存在炎症反应.血清瘦素在COPD的发病机制中可能通过炎症反应参与病变的相关过程.     

N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide: an independent marker for coronary artery disease in asymptomatic diabetic patients

Aims To determine whether plasma N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels, a marker for cardiac failure and potentially for the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), predicts silent myocardial ischaemia (SMI) and silent CAD in asymptomatic high‐risk diabetic patients. Methods Five hundred and seventeen asymptomatic diabetic patients with ≥ 1 additional cardiovascular risk factor but without heart failure were prospectively screened between 1998 and 2008 for SMI, defined as an abnormal stress myocardial scintigraphy, and subsequently for significant (> 70%) angiographic CAD. The 323 patients with interpretable echocardiography and for whom NT‐proBNP was measured were included in this analysis. Results SMI was found in 108 (33.4%) patients, 39 of whom had CAD. NT‐proBNP was higher in the patients with CAD than in the patients without CAD [45.0 (1–3199) vs. 20.0 (1–1640) pg/ml; P < 0.0001 median (range)], even after adjustment for confounding factors: age, gender, body mass index, glycated haemoglobin (HbA_1c), retinopathy, nephropathy, hypertension, echocardiographic parameters (P < 0.05). NT‐proBNP in the third tertile (≥ 38 pg/ml) predicted CAD with a sensitivity of 59% and a specificity of 67%. In a multiple logistic regression analysis including NT‐proBNP ≥ 38 pg/ml, age, body mass index, gender, HbA_1c, hypertension, retinopathy, nephropathy, peripheral occlusive arterial disease, left ventricular systolic dysfunction, dilatation and hypertrophy and Type 1 transmitral flow, NT‐proBNP ≥ 38 pg/ml was the only significant independent predictor of silent CAD [odds ratio (OR) 3.1 (95% confidence interval 1.3–7.6), P = 0.015]. Conclusions NT‐proBNP measurement helps to better define asymptomatic diabetic patients with an increased likelihood for CAD, independently of cardiac function and structure.     

Predictive value of predischarge spectral tissue doppler echocardiography and n-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients hospitalized with acute heart failure

Background: Admission for an acute heart failure (HF) confers an extremely poor prognosis. We aimed at finding out whether simultaneous assessment of multiple plasma‐based biomarkers and Doppler echocardiography could provide complementary information and thus enable clinicians to stratify risk more effectively among patients hospitalized with acute HF; hence, untoward events after discharge avoided. Methods: A comprehensive echocardiographic study and measurements of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic protein (NT‐proBNP), and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hsCRP) were conducted in 87 patients with symptomatic de novo acute HF or decompensation of chronic HF. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) regarding cardiac death or hospitalization with worsening HF during a median follow‐up period of 191 days were determined. Results: According to the univariate analysis, echocardiographic variables left atrial volume, left atrial volume index, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, E/E′ ratio, and the concentrations of NT‐proBNP were significantly related to clinical outcomes (all P‐values < 0.05). Cox proportional hazard analysis identified two independent prognostic predictors of MACE: E/E′ ratio and NT‐proBNP. Moreover, the combining of plasma level of NT‐proBNP with E/E′ ratio provided independent and additional prognostic value in identifying high‐risk acute HF patients. Conclusions: These findings reinforce the necessity of combining the heart hemodynamic variable E/E′ ratio and plasma‐based neurohormonal biomarker NT‐proBNP when clinicians attempt to define the individual risk of patients hospitalized with acute HF. (Echocardiography 2011;28:303‐310)     

Strain value in the assessment of left ventricular function and prediction of heart failure markers in aortic regurgitation

Background: This study aimed to examine the relationship between biochemical heart failure markers and conventional left ventricular (LV) measurements and strain assessed by speckle‐tracking echocardiography in chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) patients. Methods and Results: LV strain, rotation assessed by speckle‐tracking echocardiography, LV measurements, mitral annular plane excursion measured by M‐mode, and systolic annular plane velocity measured by tissue Doppler echocardiography were analyzed in 64 controls and 65 chronic AR patients. Reduced LV longitudinal strain with increased apical rotation was seen in normal plasma NT‐proBNP patients. Increased NT‐proBNP (>400 pg/mL) was associated with reduced longitudinal and circumferential strain, diminished mitral annular plane excursions and systolic annular plane velocity. Global systolic longitudinal strain was an indepentent predictor of NT‐proBNP level. Longitudinal strain less than 16.0% was the cutoff value for NT‐proBNP >400 pg/mL (P < 0.05). Conclusions: LV strain analysis in conjunction with NT‐proBNP evaluation is a useful tool in assessing LV function in AR patients. (Echocardiography 2011;28:983‐992)