腓骨长肌腱和跖肌腱膜片修复陈旧性跟腱断裂

[目的]总结腓骨长肌腱和跖肌腱膜片治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的方法和经验。[方法]将腓骨长肌止点处切断，经皮下遂道移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂，跖肌腱膜片包绕缝合跟腱后侧形成光滑面。[结果]13例患者术后随访6个月-3年，获得了良好的疗效。[结论]腓骨长肌移位和跖肌腱膜片覆盖是治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的一种有效方法。     

腓骨长肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂

目的 探讨腓骨长肌腱治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的疗效.方法 腓骨长肌腱近止点处切断,经皮下隧道移位修复跟腱断裂.结果 15例均获随访,时间18～24 个月.2例出现伤口延迟愈合.经康复锻炼,患者均在术后10周左右弃拐完全负重行走,未发生跟腱断裂.疗效按Arner-Lindholm标准评定:优10 例,良5 例.结论 腓骨长肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂,康复较快,疗效满意.     

趾长屈肌腱和长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂

目的：探讨趾长屈肌腱、[足母]长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂的手术方法和疗效。方法：13例陈旧性跟腱断裂患者,男9例,女4例;年龄32～69岁,平均41岁;左侧8例,右5例;受伤至手术时间3～8个月,平均4.5个月。13例患者均有明确外伤史,均为闭合性损伤跟腱断裂。采用趾长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂5例,行[足母]长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂8例。结果：13例随访时间11个月～4.5年,平均2年,伤口无感染,跟腱无再断裂,踝关节活动基本正常,足背屈跖屈功能良好,未发生锤状趾畸形。按Arner-Lindholm疗效评定标准评定,优9例（[足母]长屈肌腱移位修复6例,趾长屈肌腱移位修复3例）,良3例（[足母]长屈肌腱移位修复2例,趾长屈肌腱移位修复1例）,差1例（趾长屈肌腱移位修复）。结论：采用趾长屈肌腱、[足母]长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂的手术方法,可获得良好的疗效,是较理想的治疗方法。而采用长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂更趋近于合理。     

四股胭绳肌腱经跟骨隧道移植与腓骨长肌转位治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的疗效比较

背景：多数学者认为陈旧性跟腱断裂应行手术治疗。目前,手术修复缺损的方法多种多样。目的：比较四股胭绳肌腱经跟骨隧道移植与腓骨长肌转位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。方法：2002年3月至2009年12月收治陈旧性跟腱断裂患者29例,均为单侧陈旧性跟腱完全性断裂。应用四股胭绳肌腱经跟骨隧道移植修复16例（A组）,应用腓骨长肌转位修复13例（B组）。术后两组均常规使用抗生素,并行功能锻炼,采用Arner-Lindholm标准评价治疗效果。结果：两组患者均获得随访,随访时间24-60个月,平均39个月。按照Amer-Lindhohm评定标准判定,A组：优15例,良l例,临床优良率达100％。B组：优9例,良3例,差1例,临床优良率达92．3％。A组优于B组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论：四股胭绳肌腱经跟骨隧道移植与腓骨长肌转位术均是治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂的有效方法,但前者优于后者,值得临床推广应用。     

腓骨长肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂16例体会

跟腱断裂在小腿和足部肌腱损伤中较常见,陈旧性跟腱断裂手术修复较困难。笔者于2001年2月~2007年7月,利用腓骨长肌腱移位重建跟腱术治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂16例,取得满意效果。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组16例,男14例,女2例;年龄16~48岁。左侧4例,右侧12例;闭合性损伤15例,开放性1例;     

腓骨短肌腱移植修复陈旧性跟腱断裂

该研究对腓骨短肌腱移植修复陈旧性跟腱断裂和端端缝合修复急性跟腱断裂的结果进行比较。59例病人,急性跟腱断裂37例(女4例,男33例,平均年龄43.6岁),陈旧性跟腱断裂22例(女1例,男21例,平均年龄41.3岁)。手术在止血带下进行,跟腱外侧切口,找出腓肠神经予以保护,切开腱旁组织,显露跟腱,找到跟腱近侧断端并牵出。对急性跟腱断裂,行端端缝合。对于陈旧性断裂,以腓骨短肌腱移植修复切除断端间疤痕组织后出现的肌腱缺损。将腓骨短肌腱远端于第5跖骨粗隆附着处切断后向近端拉出,肌腱和部分肌腹填入跟腱缺损     

腓骨短肌转位联合肌腱瓣翻转和Bosworth法修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂

目的探讨陈旧性跟腱断裂的手术方式。方法对62例陈旧性跟腱断裂患者按早期、后期分别采用腓骨短肌转位联合肌腱瓣翻转和Bosworth法修复治疗,比较两种方法治疗效果。结果62例均获随访,时间8个月～6年,腓骨短肌转位联合肌腱瓣翻转组优良率为90．63％,Bosworth法修复组优良率为73．33％,两组差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论采用腓骨短肌转位联合肌腱瓣翻转修复治疗陈旧性跟腱断裂,术后并发症少,能显著提高疗效。     

拇长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂

对于各种原因造成的陈旧性跟腱断裂只有采取手术治疗，其手术方法报道较多，但对拇长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂的手术方法，国内报道甚少。2001年11月至2005年5月，我科采用拇长屈肌腱移位修复陈旧性跟腱断裂8例，获得较好的治疗效果，现报告如下。     

腓骨长肌腱移位修复闭合性跟腱断裂

目的探讨腓骨长肌腱移位修复闭合性跟腱断裂的应用解剖、生物力学和手术方法。方法在50侧动脉灌注红色乳胶的成人下肢标本上,观察腓骨长肌腱形态及血液供应,并进行肌腱拉伸破坏实验。设计腓骨长肌腱移位重建跟腱的术式,2001年3月~2004年7月临床应用10例闭合性跟腱断裂的患者,其中男7例,女3例;年龄32~54岁。跳跃伤6例,砸伤2例,踏空伤及自发伤各1例。新鲜伤7例,受伤至手术时间6h~7d;陈旧伤3例,受伤至手术时间21d~3个月。其中完全性断裂8例,不完全性断裂2例。结果腓骨长肌起于胫骨近端及腓骨头,止于第1跖骨基底及骰骨内侧表面,肌腱长13.5±2.5cm;起始部宽0.9±0.2cm,厚0.3±0.1cm;外踝尖平面宽0.7±0.1cm,厚0.4±0.1cm;骰骨头平面宽0.7±0.1cm,厚0.3±0.1cm。有多个血供来源。肌腱拉伸破坏实验示最大拉力:跟腱、腓骨长肌腱、腓骨短肌腱及胫骨后肌腱分别为2292.4±617.3、1020.4±175.4、752.0±165.4及938.2±216.7N。临床应用10例术后切口均期愈合;获随访18~24个月,无再断裂发生,无皮肤坏死等手术并发症。按照AmerLind-holm评定标准优7例,良3例,跟腱功能恢复良好。结论对于闭合性跟腱断裂,腓骨长肌腱移位修复跟腱是一种方法简便,疗效满意的手术方法。     

V-Y肌腱瓣修复治疗Kuwade Ⅲ型陈旧性跟腱断裂的疗效观察

[目的]探讨V-Y肌腱瓣修复治疗KuwadeⅢ型陈旧性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。[方法]自2003年5月～2009年8月采用V-Y肌腱瓣修复治疗29例KuwadeⅢ型陈旧性跟腱断裂患者,男21例,女8例,年龄9～58岁,平均39.6岁。所有患者均采用跟腱止点外侧至小腿中部的略S形切口和V-Y肌腱瓣修复术治疗。[结果]术后获14～46个月(平均28个月)随访。无皮缘坏死、伤口感染和神经损伤并发症。按照Arner-Lindholm疗效评定标准,优25例,良4例,优良率为100%。患侧跟腱外形均与健侧一致。[结论]V-Y肌腱瓣修复术是一种有效的手术方法,适用于跟腱缺损3～6 cm时(即KuwadeⅢ型)陈旧性跟腱断裂的重建治疗,具有不增加局部体积、切口易愈合,跟腱外观恢复理想等优点。     

Experimental tendon grafting within intact tendon sheath

A chicken toe experimental model was used to study the fate of flexor tendon grafts, introduced into intact tendon sheaths. After perfusion of the limb by India Ink, the vascular pattern of the graft and the synovial sheath could be identified. The grafts showed no or few adhesions to the sheath. With time, there was a conversion from a diffuse superficial vascular pattern towards a concentration of vessels on the dorsal aspect of the graft. In a control group, where the sheath had been resected, adhesions were more apparent, and could be observed still after 16 weeks. These results are in complete agreement with previous experimental findings and further confirm the importance of an intact tube system in the digit.     

Active tendon implants in flexor tendon reconstruction

Forty-five active flexor tendon implants were evaluated after placement in scarred tendon beds of digits II through V. The implant is constructed of silicone rubber with a Dacron core, terminating in a loop proximally and a metal plate distally. Modification of the implant during the period of study has improved its reliability and longevity. The improvement in total active motion (TAM) averaged 72 degrees during implant functioning (stage I) in a group of digits that before operation were classified as 78% Boyes grade 5 (salvage). Complication rate during stage I was 11% (5 out of 45). Of the 27 digits evaluated after implant replacement by tendon autograft (stage II), there was an overall improvement in 62 degrees total active motion with 70% of digits being Boyes grade 5. Many of the complications were believed to be avoidable with experience. This study demonstrates the feasibility of an active tendon implant and the possibility of a permanent prosthesis.     

手指鞘管区异体滑膜肌腱与自体非滑膜肌腱移植的比较学研究

目的比较手指鞘管区异体滑膜肌腱与自体非滑膜肌腱移植结果并对异体滑膜肌腱在鞘管区的移植进行评估.方法对在手指屈肌腱鞘区内应用异体滑膜肌腱与自体非滑滑膜肌腱移植的病例,术后进行3个月以上的随访.评定标准为关节活动范围（TAM法）、力量,及二期肌腱松解率.结果异体滑膜肌腱移植280例,优良率达57.0%,较差或差为11.0%.松解率为32.0%,松解后总优良率达93.0%.自体非滑膜肌腱移植98例,优良率达43.0%,较差或差为9.0%.松解率为49.0%,松解后总优良率达94.2%.两者的最终结果无明显差异.结论肌腱表面结构影响肌腱的营养途径及肌腱愈合质量,滑膜肌腱表面结构则有益于肌腱营养与较快建立起血循环及组织液的渗透,是减少肌腱术后粘连再次松解的主要因素.     

Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into tendon and tendon sheath

In this study, we successfully transferred the Escherichia coli β-galactosidase gene, LacZ, into the chicken tendon and tendon sheath by a recombinant adenovirus. The recombinant adenovirus Adv-βgal that carried the E. coli LacZ gene was constructed by homologous recombination in 293 cells (human transformed embryonic kidney) between the expressing vector and the ClaI large fragment of adenovirus 5 genome. Each chicken received a 10 μl injection, containing 10⁵ plaque-forming units of recombinant virus Adv-βgal, into the tendon sheath of the long toe. Samples of tendon and tendon sheath were harvested at 3, 30, and 75 days after the injection. The LacZ gene transfer was detected for its coding product β-galactosidase by staining with X-gal solution. The results showed that all tendon and tendon sheath samples from the three harvest times stained positive (blue). The tendon sheath samples were more extensively stained; staining of the tendon was limited to the epitenon layer. These data suggest that a functional exogenous gene can potentially be transferred into the tendon and tendon sheath by similar techniques; such techniques may be used to improve healing and reduce adhesion formation.