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二妙丸与四妙丸的组方及临床合理应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
二妙丸(散)和四妙丸均以燥湿清热为主,用于湿热病症。二妙丸(散)用于湿热证湿重于热的各种病症,而四妙丸则是以二妙为底,主要治疗湿热痿痹症等。在药理作用方面,由于二妙丸具有明显的免疫抑制作用,对于某些以变态反应为诱因的疾病疗效颇佳;而四妙丸中因加味的牛膝、薏苡仁能增强免疫功能,故有明显的免疫调节作用,不宜用于以变态反应为主要病因的疾病。 相似文献
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雷丸多糖的抗炎及免疫刺激作用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
雷丸(Polyporus mylittae Cook.et Mass,异名Omphdlia lapidescens Schraet)为多孔菌科雷丸菌的干燥菌核。中医用于驱除蛲虫、绦虫、钩虫及蛔虫。雷丸多糖(S-4001)是本室与瑞典Pharmacia公司合作从雷丸中分离出的活性成分之一,其化学结构是以β(1—3)葡萄糖为主链、带有(1—6)支链的葡聚糖,平均分子量为1,183,000。本文报告雷丸多糖在抗炎和免疫方面的作用。 相似文献
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目的:对胃疡宁丸的抗炎镇痛作用进行全面的药效学评价。方法:采用小鼠扭体实验、甲醛致痛实验、热刺激致痛实验及压足致痛实验评价胃疡宁丸的镇痛作用;采用小鼠毛细管通透性实验、小鼠耳廓肿胀实验、大鼠棉球肉芽肿实验评价胃疡宁丸的抗炎作用。结果:胃疡宁丸各剂量对醋酸所致小鼠的扭体次数无明显影响;胃疡宁丸高剂量能减少小鼠第二时相中的舔左后足累积时间(P0.05);胃疡宁丸各剂量组可分别提高各时间点热刺激及压足刺激所致的痛阈提高百分率(P0.01);胃疡宁丸中、高剂量能显著性降低二甲苯所致小鼠的耳廓肿胀度(P0.05~0.01);各剂量能显著性降低大鼠肉芽肿系数(P0.01)。结论:胃疡宁丸具有良好的抗炎镇痛作用,可供临床选用。 相似文献
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目的:研究老鹳草微丸药效作用。方法:采用小鼠耳肿胀、醋酸扭体、大黄致泻及推进小鼠小肠运动实验对老鹳草微丸进行药效学研究。结果:老鹳草微丸高、中剂量组能减少小鼠耳肿胀度,而只有高剂量组才能减少小鼠扭体次数,各剂量组均能减少排黑便粒数以及一定程度抑制小肠蠕动。结论:该药具有抗炎、镇痛、止泻以及减少小肠蠕动的功效。 相似文献
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二精丸多糖对糖尿病大鼠降血糖作用的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的研究二精丸多糖对糖尿病大鼠的降血糖作用,并初步探讨其作用机制。方法采用高脂高糖饲料结合小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立2型糖尿病大鼠模型,并分为模型对照组,二精丸多糖低、中、高剂量组,同时设立正常对照及吡咯列酮组。研究二精丸多糖对糖尿病大鼠的空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血清胰岛素(Ins)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)等指标的影响。结果二精丸多糖3个剂量组糖尿病大鼠FBG、HbAlc、TC、TG、LDL降低,Ins、HDL升高,与模型组相比有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论 二精丸多糖对糖尿病大鼠有降血糖作用,其作用可能与增加Ins水平有关。 相似文献
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目的调查专项处方点评前后门急诊处方氟喹诺酮类药物的使用情况,为临床合理用药及管理提供理论依据。方法调取该院2011年6月和9月含有氟喹诺酮类药物的门急诊处方,分析处方中氟喹诺酮类药物在有无适应症、联合用药、用药金额、用药科室与疾病、不良反应等方面的应用情况。结果专项处方点评后氟喹诺酮类处方占比降低,联合用药处方比例下降,不规范处方数、不良反应显著下降。结论专项处方点评使该院的门急诊处方中氟喹诺酮类抗菌药的临床应用更加合理规范。 相似文献
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翡翠贻贝多糖对荷瘤小鼠的抗肿瘤和免疫功能调节作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的观察翡翠贻贝多糖(PVPS)对荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长及免疫功能的影响。方法建立小鼠移植性S180实体瘤模型,观察PVPS对荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤率及对T淋巴细胞增殖能力、白介素2(IL-2)等指标的影响。结果PVPS可明显抑制荷瘤小鼠S180实体瘤的生长(P〈0.05orP〈0.01),提高T淋巴细胞增殖能力和IL-2的产生(P〈0.01)。结论PVPS可显著抑制荷瘤小鼠肿瘤的生长,并能增强荷瘤小鼠的免疫功能。 相似文献
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目的研究桑葚中多糖的提取及含量测定方法。方法采用超声提取技术提取桑葚中的多糖,并以苯酚-硫酸法测定其含量。结果葡萄糖在0.01~0.06mg/mL范围内,其浓度与吸光度的线性关系良好,回归方程为A=7.2346C-0.0081(r=0.9997),平均回收率为98.92%(n=6,RSD=3.50%),桑葚中多糖含量为9.42%。结论该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,测定结果可靠,可用于桑葚中多糖含量的测定。 相似文献
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目的通过对102例活动性肺结核患者抗结核治疗前后的血尿酸水平进行定期监测,了解其与肺结核病变范围大小、有无并发症的关系,并指导抗结核药物吡嗪酰胺(PZA)的临床合理运用。方法采用日本OLYM-PUS AU-400全自动生化仪尿酸测定试剂盒(酶法)对102例患者抗结核(含PZA)治疗前治疗后2、4、6、8周及停用PZA后2、4、6周的血尿酸水平进行监测。结果活动性肺结核患者的血尿酸水平变化与肺结核病变范围、有无并发症均有明显相关性(P<0.05);用药2周后血尿酸上升幅度最大,用药6周后上升到最高值,停用PZA后逐渐回到正常水平。其中有11例因血尿酸过高或关节肿痛提前停用PZA。结论对活动性肺结核患者定期监测血尿酸水平对临床具有重要的参考价值。抗结核治疗(含PZA)时应每2周监测血尿酸1次,血尿酸水平在正常参考值2倍以下,且无关节肿痛者是安全的;超过此值要及时停用PZA,避免引起严重损害。 相似文献
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AIMS: The prevalence of hyperuricaemia and gout increases with age as does the incidence of adverse effects to allopurinol, the major uric acid lowering drug. The present study was performed to compare the disposition and effects of allopurinol and its active metabolite oxipurinol in elderly and young subjects without major health problems. METHODS: Ten elderly (age range 71-93 years) and nine young subjects (24-35 years) received an oral dose of 200 mg allopurinol in an open, single dose, cross sectional design. Four of these individuals were additionally dosed with 200 mg allopurinol intravenously. Plasma and urine concentrations of allopurinol, oxipurinol, hypoxanthine, xanthine, and uric acid were measured by h. p.l.c. RESULTS: Total clearance of allopurinol was not different in elderly (15.7+/-3.8 ml min-1 kg-1, mean+/-s.e. mean) and young subjects (15.7+/-2.1), whereas total clearance of oxipurinol was significantly reduced in the aged (0.24+/-0.03) compared with young controls (0.37+/-0.05) as was the distribution volume of oxipurinol (0.60+/-0.09 and 0.84+/-0.07 l kg-1, respectively). Oxipurinol was eliminated primarily by the kidneys, allopurinol by metabolism. Fractional peroral bioavailability of allopurinol was 0.81+/-0.16 (n=4, two elderly and two young subjects). Although maximal plasma concentrations of oxipurinol were significantly higher in elderly (5. 63+/-0.83 microgram ml-1 ) than in young persons (3.75+/-0.25) as was the area under the oxipurinol plasma concentration-time curve, AUC (260+/-46 and 166+/-23 microgram ml-1 h, respectively), the pharmacodynamic effect of oxipurinol was smaller in elderly than young subjects (time-dependent decrease of plasma uric acid 83+/-30 microgram ml-1 h in elderly compared with 176+/-21 in young controls). Oxipurinol increased the renal clearance of xanthine, suggesting inhibition of tubular xanthine reabsorption by oxipurinol. CONCLUSIONS: Although allopurinol elimination is not reduced in the aged, that of its active metabolite oxipurinol is because of an age-dependent decline in renal function. Xanthine oxidase inhibition by oxipurinol appears to be reduced in old age. In addition to its uricostatic action, oxipurinol has a xanthinuric effect which is also diminished in the elderly. 相似文献
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《处方管理办法》(试行)实施前后我院门诊处方情况分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的:了解《处方管理办法》(试行)实施前后本院门诊处方的基本情况。方法:分别抽取2004年和2005年门诊处方各7200张,依据国际合理用药指标和处方规范化管理指标进行回顾性分析。结果:平均用药品种数、针剂使用比例、抗生素使用比例、每次就诊平均药费均不同程度下降。通用名使用比例和基本药物比例则有所增加。不合格处方也大幅减少。结论:《处方管理办法》(试行)使本院门诊用药更加合理。 相似文献
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Chan Woong Park Kyung Wan Ma Sun Woo Jang Miwon Son Myung Joo Kang 《Biomolecules & therapeutics.》2014,22(3):260-266
This study evaluated the pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic efficacy of piroxicam (PX), a long acting non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for the treatment of arthritis, following intra-articular (IA) injection in comparison to the pharmacokinetic profile and therapeutic efficacy of PX after intramuscular (IM) injection. In the pharmacokinetic study in rats, systemic exposure and pharmacokinetic parameters of PX after a single IA dose were compared with systemic exposure and pharmacokinetic parameters of PX after administration of the same dose IM (0.6 mg/kg). The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of IA PX were evaluated simultaneously in a monoiodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis rat model. The plasma PX concentration rapidly rose following IA injection, and it was comparable to the plasma PX concentration following IM injection, suggesting the rapid efflux of the drug molecule from the joint cavity. However, in the efficacy study, the IA PX administration significantly reduced the knee swelling by reducing the level of prostaglandin E2 in the joint, compared to that following administration of IA vehicle and after administration of the IM PX dose. In addition, we found that the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive efficacies of IA PX were synergistically increased upon co-treatment with hyaluronic acid (HA), a potent agent for the treatment of osteoarthritis, at the weight ratio of 1:1 or 1:2, and these effects were more pronounced than those following administration of HA or PX alone. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the efficacy of the IA use of PX alone and/or in combination with HA in osteoarthritis. 相似文献
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实行处方点评前后门诊处方质量比较分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的比较分析本院实行处方点评制度前后门诊处方质量的变化,包括用药的合理性以及处方书写的合格率。方法对2006年及2007年同期本院门诊就诊患者处方进行点评。结果实行处方点评制度后问题处方率3.66%,比实行处方点评制度前问题处方率14.1%明显减少。结论通过对医院不合理处方及不合理用药的点评,加强对执业医师处方用药合理性的干预或警示,使医院的药品管理,处方开具和调剂以及医疗费用控制等更加科学,合理,规范。 相似文献