Effect of antihypertensive treatment on the prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias among patients with isolated systolic hypertension without left ventricular hypertrophy

Background: The high incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is well documented. However, few studies have been conducted on the prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with isolated systolic hypertension without LVH.Objectives: The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the prevalence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with systolic hypertension without LVH and (2) estimate the effect of a perindopril/indapamide combination, which does not have an antiarrhythmic effect, on the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias.Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed isolated systolic hypertension (systolic blood pressure [SBP] >160 mm Hg) and a control group of normotensive patients were enrolled. During the 2-week washout period, patients underwent physical examination (including blood pressure measurements), ambulatory electrocardiography monitoring, echocardiography, and laboratory urine and blood tests. Absence of LVH was confirmed by echocardiographic examination. The group of hypertensive patients received 1 tablet of 2 mg perindopril/0.625 mg indapamide per day for a total of 4 weeks. Physical examinations and ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring were repeated after treatment.Results: A total of 60 hypertensive (mean age, 63.1 years; mean SBP, 176.8 ± 3.1 mm Hg; mean diastolic blood pressure, 82.6 ± 2.9 mm Hg) and 60 normotensive patients were enrolled. Ambulatory electrocardiographic monitoring indicated that 18 of the 60 hypertensive patients (30%) had ventricular arrhythmias: 17 had ventricular premature contractions (>100/24 h) and 1 had ventricular tachycardia plus ventricular premature contractions. In the control group, 7 of 60 subjects (11.7%) had ventricular premature contractions. The difference between the 2 groups in incidence of ventricular arrhythmias was significant (P < 0.01). After treatment, mean SBP decreased to 136.1 ± 3.2 mm Hg, and ventricular premature contractions were found in 9 of 60 hypertensive patients (15%) (P < 0.02 vs pretreatment).Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that in patients with isolated systolic hypertension without LVH, (1) the prevalence of ventricular arrhythmia is higher than in normotensive patients and (2) treatment with perindopril/indapamide decreases the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias.     

高血压病左房、室构型与心律失常

目的 探讨高血压病患者左房、室构型情况及其与心律失常的关系。方法 95例高血压病患者（EH组）依年龄分为＜60岁和≥60岁两亚组。全组经彩色超声心动图检测左房内径（LAD）,左室重量指数（LVMI）;经动态心电图（Holter）判定心律失常,并将相关指标进行对比分析。结果 EH组中检出左房扩大（LAE）63例（66.3％）,左室肥顾（LVH）45例（47.4%),两者比较有差异（P＜0.05）;其中单纯左房扩大37例,单纯左室肥厚19例,左房扩大并左室肥厚（LEH）26例,与对照组比较P＜0.01。EH组中≥60岁单纯左房扩大、左室肥厚及左房扩大并左室肥厚发生率与＜60岁亚组比较P＜0.05。EH组检出室性心率失常（VA）54例（56.8%）,房性心律失常（AA）71例（74.7％）,两才有显著性差异（P＜0.05）。EH组年龄≥60岁各种房、室性心律失常发生率与＜60岁比较P＜0。05。结论 高血压病除存在LVH外,还存在左房扩大并左室肥厚,其发生率高于左室肥厚。高血压病左房、室构型与心律失常有关,房性心律失常高于室性心律失常;老年高血压病者比中年人更易发生左房、室内型改变及各种心律失常。     

高血压病左室心肌重构与颈动脉重构的相关性

目的探讨原发性高血压病左室心肌重构与颈动脉重构的相关性.方法63例原发性高血压患者(EH)和22例对照者行心脏及颈动脉超声检查,分别测量左室质量指数(LVMI)、颈总动脉干内-中膜厚度(CCA-IMT)、分叉处内-中膜厚度(BIMT)、斑块以及两侧颈总动脉、颈内动脉的血流动力学参数,EH组中,又分为LVMI正常组和LVMI增高组.结果EH组CCA-IMT和BIMT高于对照组,其中LVMI增高组最高.EH组颈动脉收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)降低,PSV/EDV、阻力指数(RI)和搏动指数(PI)增高.斑块检出率及严重程度在LVMI增高组最高,LVMI正常组次之,两者均明显高于正常对照组.LVMI与IMT、BIMT、PI、RI呈正相关,与PSV、EDV呈负相关.结论高血压病颈动脉重构的发生早于左室心肌重构,且两者密切相关.     

高血压病和糖尿病患者左室心肌重量的超声研究

目的通过二维超声心动图测量左室心肌重量（LVM）和心肌重量指数（LVMI）,探讨高血压和糖尿病对心脏的影响。方法设正常对照、高血压病、糖尿病及糖尿病合并高血压4组,每组30例受检者,二维超声心动图测量其LVM、LVMI、舒张末室间隔、左室后壁厚度、射血分数,比较各组之间差异。结果LVM与舒张末室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度及血压呈正相关（r=0．78,P〈0．001;r：0．82,P〈0．001;r=0．56,P〈0．001）,LVM与空腹血糖相关性较差（r=0．31,P=0．09）。各组舒张末期室间隔厚度、左室后壁厚度之间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。糖尿病合并高血压组LVM和LVMI大于其余组,高血压组LVM和LVMI大于正常组和糖尿病组（P〈0．05）。结论二维超声心动图测量LVM和LVMI可以为高血压、糖尿病的临床诊断及疗效评估的常规手段之一。     

超声心动图评价原发性高血压病不同左心室构型舒张功能的变化

目的探讨超声心动图多项指标评价原发性高血压病不同左室构型患者左心室舒张功能的改变。方法选择正常对照组29例,原发性高血压患者116例,按照Ganau分型法,即根据左室质量指数（LVMI）和相对室壁厚度（Rwr）将其分为4组。常规脉冲多普勒（PWD）测量二尖瓣口舒张早期峰值流速（VE）、舒张晚期峰值流速（VA）及两者比值E／A。测量右上肺静脉收缩期峰值流速（VS）、舒张期峰值流速（VD）、心房收缩期负向峰值流速（AR）,计算S／D。PWD测量等容舒张期时间（IVRT）。组织多普勒技术（TDI）测量二尖瓣后瓣环处舒张早期与舒张晚期峰值速度及其比值（Ea／Aa）。结果与正常对照组比较,CR、CH及EH组的E／A比值降低,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;CR组的S／D比值增大（P〈0．01）;高血压各组的AR及IVRT明显增大及延长（P〈0．001）;CR组、CH组、EH组的Ea／Aa比值明显降低（P〈0．01）;TDI对舒张功能减低的检出率（81％）高于PWD检出率（71．6％）j差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论原发性高血压患者无论左心室构型如何,左心室舒张功能均已发生改变,以向心性肥厚组及离心型肥厚组明显。多指标联合应用能较全面地反映左心室舒张功能变化,且TDI较PWD更能敏感、简便及准确地判断高血压患者左心室舒张功能异常。     

超声心动图评价高血压病患者左心功能

目的运用超声心动图技术综合评价高血压病患者左室收缩功能和舒张功能。方法高血压病组56例和对照组36例,M-型和二维(2D)超声心动图检测:左房内径(LAd),舒张期室间隔厚度(IVST)和左室后壁厚度(PWT),左室舒张末期内径(LVDd),二尖瓣EF斜率,室间隔及左室后壁运动幅度,左室射血分数(EF),左室短轴缩短率(FS),每搏量(SV);脉冲多普勒(PW)检测二尖瓣口舒张早期充盈峰速度(VE),舒张晚期充盈峰速度(VA),E/A比值,等容舒张时间(IVRT)。结果高血压病患者左室壁与室间隔收缩期运动幅度普遍增强,与对照组比较P<0.01;左室收缩功能各项参数(EF、FS、SV)高于对照组(P<0.05),高血压病组左室舒张功能各参数异常,表现为VE减低,VA升高,E/A<1,IVRT延长,MV-EF斜率减慢,与对照组比较P<0.001;左房扩大(P<0.001)。结论超声心动图技术可反映高血压病患者左心结构和功能变化,为临床诊治提供客观依据。     

Echocardiographically estimated left ventricular end-diastolic and right ventricular systolic pressure in normotensive healthy individuals

Aim To study the effect of aging on and the relationship between echocardiographically estimated left ventricular (LV) filling pressure and estimated right ventricular (RV) systolic pressure among healthy normotensive individuals.Methods We analyzed 249 healthy individuals (aged 18–82 years, 52% men) with normal echocardiographic findings and reliably measurable tricuspid regurgitation gradients. Subjects with blood pressure >140/90 mmHg and/or LV hypertrophy were excluded. LV & RV dimensions and LV mass were measured with M-mode echocardiography. Atrial (A) volumes were determined with the area-length method. Diastolic function was assessed with transmitral Doppler and mitral annulus tissue Doppler. The ratio of transmitral early peak velocity to early diastolic mitral annulus velocity (E/E′) was used as estimation of LV filling pressure. The transtricuspid Doppler gradient was used to estimate RV end-systolic pressure.Results Even in normotensive individuals aging was accompanied by an increase in LV mass and LA dimensions and an increase in relaxation abnormalities. E/E′ increased with every decade: from 7.8 for age 18–35 years to 10.9 for age ≥75 years (p<0.0001) as did the transtricuspid gradient: from 18.3 mmHg for age 18–35 years to 25.8 mmHg for age ≥75 years (p<0.0001). Linear regression showed that estimated RV systolic pressure was independently predicted by age, LA volume, LV systolic function and E/E′.Conclusion Among normotensive healthy individuals both E/E′ and tricuspid regurgitation gradients increase significantly with aging. Moreover the E/E′ ratio was independently predicting the tricuspid regurgitation gradient. These findings support the need for further studies defining age specific normal values.     

Left ventricular geometry and function are related to electrocardiographic characteristics and diagnoses

We investigated the relationships between echocardiographic indices of left ventricular geometry and function and major electrocardiographic (ECG) abnormalities in 540 elderly (69–74 years old) male participants of a health survey conducted in Uppsala county, Sweden. Comparing men with major ECG abnormalities that were present or absent in various hierarchic mutually exclusive categories, left ventricular mass indexed to body surface area (LVMI) was significantly increased with major Q-waves (P = 0·0002), ST or T-wave abnormalities (P = 0·005), left bundle-branch block (P = 0·005) and also with atrioventricular block type 1 (P = 0·008) and frequent premature beats (P = 0·02). The left atrial diameter was also significantly increased with most ECG abnormalities. The increased LVMI was in left bundle-branch block mainly due to an increased left ventricular diameter, whereas left ventricular wall thickness was increased with frequent premature beats, atrioventricular block type 1 and ST or T-wave abnormalities. The prevalence of Q-waves was highest in eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy, whereas the prevalence of ST or T-wave abnormalities and atrioventricular block type 1 was highest in concentric left ventricular hypertrophy. Both left ventricular systolic (ejection fraction) and diastolic function (E/A ratio) were inversely related to Sokolow–Lyon QRS amplitude (r = ?0·25, P < 0·02 and r = ?0·22, P < 0·03 respectively). In conclusion, LVMI was increased in subjects with ECG signs of coronary artery disease as well as in subjects with several other ECG diagnoses. Furthermore, both left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction were related to increased QRS amplitudes. Thus, the finding of ECG abnormalities in elderly men should raise the suspicion of structural and/or functional left ventricular abnormality.     

高血压病患者大动脉僵硬度对左室重构及功能的影响

目的探讨高血压病患者大动脉僵硬度对左室重构及功能的影响。方法应用脉搏波速度自动测量系统测量颈动脉-股动脉脉搏波速度(carotid-femoralpulsewavevelocity,CFPWV)和颈动脉-桡动脉脉搏波速度(carotid-radialpulsewavevelocity,CRPWV)分别作为反映中央弹性大动脉和外周中等肌性动脉僵硬度的指标,对36例正常人和246例高血压患者进行脉搏波速度及超声心动图检测,并根据左室质量指数(LVMI)和相对室壁厚度(RWT)将高血压患者分为左室正常和异常构型组。结果高血压左心室异常构型者CFPWV显著高于正常构型者(P<0.01),均高于正常对照组(P分别为<0.01和<0.05),CRPWV3组比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。CFPWV与RWT(r=0.133,P=0.028)、LVMI(r=0.122,P=0.044)、E/A(r=-0.313,P<0.001)及ETVI/ATVI(r=-0.345,P<0.001)呈显著相关关系,与反映收缩功能的指标无显著相关关系(P均>0.05),CRPWV与上述指标均无显著相关关系。多元逐步回归分析显示,CFPWV是影响RWT(标准化系数Beta=0.182,P=0.002)和E/A(标准化系数Beta=-0.216,P<0.001)的主要因素。结论高血压病患者大动脉僵硬度增加与左室重构及舒张功能减退密切相关。     

老年单纯收缩期高血压患者血压变异性与左心室肥厚的关系

目的：研究老年单纯收缩期高血压患者血压变异性与左心室肥厚（LVHC）的关系,。方法：对31例老年收缩期高血压患者和24例老年正常血压组,分别进行动态血压测定,计算出平均血压、24小时、白天、夜间收缩压和舒张压变异性,超声心动图测量左室内径、室间厚度、左室后壁厚度、计算出左室重量指数（LVMI）。结果：老年收缩期高血压组血压变异性,LVM和LVMI大于老年正常血压组,结论血压变异性和平均血压水平与左室肥厚有关。     

高血压病患者左心室构型的彩色多普勒超声分析

目的分析高血压病患者左心室的不同构型及其发生机制,方法 高血压病组172例,对照组123例,以超声心动图测定左心室重量指数（LVMI）和室壁相对厚度（RWT）;以彩色多普勒检测有无二尖或主动脉瓣反应及其程度,以肱动脉血压和左心排血量计算体循环血管阻力（SVR）,根据LVMI与RWT分析高血压病患者的左心室不同构型,并分析其彩色多普勒超声表现与SVR特征。结果 高血压病组左室正常型占49．42％,向心性重构型9．30％,向心性肥厚型11．63％,离心性肥厚型29．65％,离心性肥厚组中度二尖瓣反流者较多,SVR最高者为向心性重构组,其次为向心性肥厚组,再次为左室正常组,三者与对照组比较差异的均有显著意义（P＜0．01）,结论 在高血压病中层得中,离心性肥厚较向心性肥厚更为常见,向心性重构也占一定的比例,向心性肥厚及向心性重构主要与压力负荷过重有关,离心性肥厚既有压力负荷过重,又有容量负荷过重,向心性重构还可能与容量低负荷有关。     

老年男性高血压患者降压治疗后血压变异性与心室重构的相关性研究

目的探讨老年男性高血压患者降压治疗后动态血压变异性与心室重构的关系。方法入选老年男性原发性高血压患者212例(高血压组),均单用长效钙通道阻滞剂降压治疗超过1年,行动态血压监测(ABPM),根据24h收缩压平均实际变异性(24 hSBP AVR)的第50百分位数(P50)将高血压组分为两组:高AVR组(AVR≥10.17 mmHg)和低AVR组(AVR<10.17 mmHg),各106例。另入选48例同期年龄相匹配的非高血压老年男性患者为对照组。测定入选患者所有血压水平、24 hSBP AVR等血压变异性指标及舒张期室间隔厚度(IVST)、舒张期左心室后壁厚度(LVPWT)、左心室舒张末内径(LVEDd),计算左心室质量指数(LVMI),比较各组差异。结果与对照组比较,高血压组24 h、日间及夜间平均收缩压,24 hSBP AVR值均高于对照组(P<0.05),高AVR组IVST及IVEDd高于低AVR组(P<0.05)。相关分析显示,LVMI与24 hSBP(r=0.361,P<0.05)及24 hSBP AVR(r=0.210,P<0.05)呈正相关。结论老年男性原发性高血压患者降压治疗后收缩压水平及收缩压变异性与左心室重构有关。     

Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism, carotid intima-media thickness, and left ventricular mass index in adolescent hypertension

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine whether a positive correlation exists between the DD genotype of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and the carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) or left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in adolescents with hypertension. METHODS: We studied 120 hypertensive and 58 normotensive (control) adolescents. ACE gene polymorphism was determined by a standardized method. The IMT was measured in the common carotid arteries, and the LVMI was calculated on transthoracic echocardiography. The severity of hypertension was graded according to the results of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring as white coat, borderline, or proven hypertension. The association between ACE gene polymorphism and the obtained parameters was analyzed using analysis of variance and chi-square testing. RESULTS: Both the IMT and LVMI were higher in hypertensive than in control adolescents. In hypertensive subjects, no relationship was found between the different ACE genotypes and the IMT: the mean (+/- standard deviation) IMT in patients with the DD genotype was 0.57 +/- 0.11 mm; in those with the DI genotype, 0.53 +/- 0.01 mm; and in those with the II genotype, 0.55 +/- 0.01 mm. The LVMI was also similar in all 3 ACE genotypes: DD, 106.7 +/- 32.3 g/m(2); DI, 102.2 +/- 38.1 g/m(2); and II, 103.2 +/- 26.3 g/m(2). The severity of hypertension as assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was independent of the ACE genotype. CONCLUSIONS: Target-organ damage (left ventricular hypertrophy and carotid atherosclerosis) is detectable in adolescents with hypertension and, in those subjects, ACE genotype polymorphism is not correlated with the severity of target-organ damage as measured by IMT and LVMI.     

L-肉碱对维持性血液透析患者慢性左心功能不全的疗效观察

目的观察L-肉碱(LC)对伴有左心室收缩功能减退的维持性血液透析(HD)患者的疗效.方法入选患者随机分为贝那普利组(A组)和贝那普利组 LC组(B组),疗程6个月,观察两组治疗前后心脏结构和功能的变化.结果两组治疗前后心脏左心室收缩功能、舒张功能、左心室重量指数都显著性改善,但仅左心室收缩功能在B组比A组显著性提高.结论对伴有左心室收缩功能减退的HD患者补充LC可以提高其左心室收缩功能,而对舒张功能,左心室重量指数无显著性改善.     

速度向量成像技术评价原发性高血压左心室无肥厚构型患者局部心肌功能

目的探讨VVI技术对原发性高血压患者左心室舒缩功能早期变化的预测价值。方法选取80例正常构型高血压患者(NG组)和45例向心性重构高血压患者(CR组),以80名血压正常者(NC组)为对照。常规超声测定左心室舒张末内径(LVIDd)、室间隔厚径(IVST)、左心室后壁厚径(LVPWT)、射血分数(LVEF)、二尖瓣口舒张期血流频谱E、A峰比值,在VVI条件下采集左心室短轴乳头肌水平二维图像,检测收缩期和舒张期左心室前壁、侧壁、后壁、下壁及前后间隔各节段心肌周向应变和应变率。结果 3组间LVEF值差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),CR组E/A比值低于NC组和NG组(P<0.05)。CR组局部心肌收缩期峰值应变、应变率及舒张早期局部心肌应变率均低于NC组和NG组(P<0.05);NG组舒张早期局部心肌应变率低于NC组(P<0.05),收缩期局部心肌应变和应变率与NC组相比未见明显差异(P>0.05)。3组间舒张晚期局部心肌应变率无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论VVI技术可定量评价左心室局部功能,早期发现高血压患者局部心肌的收缩及舒张功能障碍。舒张早期局部心肌应变率减低可能是高血压患者心功能的较早期改变。     

阿托伐他汀对高血压患者左心室肥厚的影响

目的 研究阿托伐他汀对高血压合并左心室肥厚的影响.方法 选择2008年1月至2009年6月,在我科门诊就诊的无脂代谢异常的高血压合并左心室肥厚患者56例,随机分为阿托伐他汀组和对照组.两组均常规给予厄贝沙坦150 mg,口服每天1次.阿托伐他汀组在常规用药基础上加用阿托伐他汀10 mg,口服每天1次.比较治疗6个月后心脏超声检查两组患者的左心室质量指数(LVMI).结果 两组患者的24小时平均收缩压(SBP)、平均舒张压(DBP)和LVMI在治疗6个月后均有所降低,治疗组24小时平均SBP(158.4±13.0)mmHg vs(124.5±7.8)mmHg(P<0.01),对照组24小时平均SBP(158.8±12.1)mmHg vs(125.3±9.1)mmHg(P<0.01);治疗组24小时平均DBP(109.7±11.0)mmHg vs(78.8±6.9)mmHg(P<0.01),对照组24小时平均DBP(106.2±13.6)mmHg vs(79.4±6.1)mmHg(P<0.01);治疗组LVMI(155±20)g/m2vs(138±10)g/m2(P<0.01),对照组LVMI(151±22)g/m2vs(141±12)g/m2(P<0.01).与对照组相比,阿托伐他汀组的LVMI降低更多(P<0.05).结论 在常规治疗基础上加用阿托伐他汀,更有助于降低高血压合并左心室肥厚患者的LVMI.     

Regression of left ventricular hypertrophy with losartan potassium therapy in patients with hypertension

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of losartan potassium, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on systolic blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure; and left ventricular dimensions, functions, and mass index (LVMI) in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension. Twenty patients aged 40 to 65 years with either uncontrolled or previously untreated hypertension and echocardio-graphically documented left ventricular hyptertrophy (LVH) defined by LVMI >130 g/m² for men and >110 g/m² for women were included in the study. Blood pressure measurements were taken at 2-week intervals. Blood samples were taken before treatment and after 3 months of treatment for determination of lipid concentrations and other laboratory variables used to monitor safety, and two-dimensional M-mode and Doppler echocardiographic measurements were obtained. Losartan was associated with a statistically significant reduction of mean systolic blood pressure from 173 ± 6 mm Hg to 135 ± 10 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure from 100 ± 4 mm Hg to 82 ± 7 mm Hg without a change in heart rate. Significant decreases were identified in interventricular septal and left ventricular posterior wall thicknesses (from 12.5 ± 0.8 mm to 11.5 ± 0.8 mm and 12.1 ± 1.0 mm to 11.1 ± 0.8 mm, respectively). LVMI decreased from 138.8 ± 18.7 g/m² to 126.0 ± 21.8 g/m² after 3 months of treatment. Left ventricular dimensions and ejection fraction did not change significantly compared with baseline values. The Doppler echocardiographic assessment of mitral E/A ratio, which is a marker of diastolic function, increased significantly from baseline. Except for a significant increase in mean serum lactate dehydrogenase activity, laboratory findings (including serum lipid concentrations) remained constant. No clinical adverse effects attributable to losartan were observed. Results of this study suggest that losartan is an effective, well-tolerated drug that reduces LVH, improves left ventricular diastolic functions, and controls systolic and diastolic blood pressures in patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension.     

老年单纯收缩期高血压与靶器官损害的关系

目的 探讨老年单纯收缩期高血压与靶器官损害的关系.方法 选择60岁以上原发性高血压患者120例,其中单纯收缩期高血压患者60例,非单纯收缩期高血压患者60例,2组患者均测定内生肌酐清除率（Ccr）,行超声心动图、颈动脉超声、颅脑CT和（或）MRI检查.比较Ccr、左室重量指数（LVMI ）、左室射血分数（LVEF ）、左室舒张早期充盈峰值流速（E峰）及舒张晚期左房收缩期充盈峰值流速（A峰）比值（E/A）、颈动脉中层厚度（IMT）,脑血管疾病的影像学证据.结果 2组患者左室肥厚、脑损害、肾功能损害及颈动脉斑块的差异均有统计学意义.结论 老年收缩期高血压与靶器官的损害密切相关,是比舒张期高血压更强的致靶器官损害因素.     

Cardiac performance during exercise in hypertensive patients without ventricular hypertrophy

Background  Reduced systolic reserve on effort may be present in subjects with hypertension but no evidence of hypertensive cardiomyopathy. We assessed the determinants of abnormal cardiac performance during exercise in hypertensive patients without left ventricular hypertrophy.
Materials and methods  Thirty-five newly diagnosed, never-treated-earlier hypertensive patients without definite indication for left ventricular hypertrophy at echocardiography underwent radionuclide ambulatory monitoring of left ventricular function at rest and during upright bicycle exercise testing.
Results  The patients were classified into two groups according to their ejection fraction response to exercise. In 21 patients (group 1), the ejection fraction increased ≥ 5% with exercise and in 14 patients (group 2), the ejection fraction either increased < 5% or decreased with exercise. Patients of group 1 had lower peak filling rate at rest and less augmentation in end-diastolic volume during exercise (both P  <   0·01) when compared with patients of group 2. A significant relationship between the magnitude of change in ejection fraction with exercise and both peak filling rate at rest ( r  = 0·58, P  <   0·01) and exercise-induced change in end-diastolic volume ( r  = 0·45, P  <   0·01) was found.
Conclusions  In newly diagnosed, never-treated-earlier hypertensive subjects with no evidence of hypertensive cardiomyopathy, the cardiac response to exercise is dependent on adequate diastolic filling volume to maintain systolic performance.     

高血压患者左室重构和舒张功能变化与血管内皮功能关系的超声检测

目的 研究原发性高血压患者左室重构和左室舒张功能的变化,并探讨其与肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能之间的关系.方法 检测22例高血压病左室肥厚患者(LVH组),18例非左室肥厚患者(非LVH组)及20例正常对照者的心脏结构和功能,并观察肱动脉加压反应性充血后内径变化的百分率(FMD%).结果 高血压病LVH组与非LVH组肱动脉反应性充血后内径变化百分率(FMD%)、E/A均较正常对照组明显降低(P<0.05) ;左室质量指数(LVMI)高血压病LVH组较非LVH组及正常对照组明显增大(P<0.001) ;FMD%与LVMI明显相关(r=-0.721,P<0.01),并与E/A有相关性(r=0.392, P<0.05).结论 超声无创检测肱动脉内皮依赖性舒张功能为临床评估高血压病提供了一项重要信息.