子宫平滑肌肉瘤111例的长期随访

探讨影响子宫平滑肌肉瘤预后的各种临床病理因素。方法 应用ＳＡＳ软件，作ＣＯＸ模型的危险度分析，共回顾分析了１１１例子宫平滑肌肉瘤的临床，病理资料及随访结果。结果 患者年龄越大，临床－手术分期越晚，预后越差；病理诊断为子宫平滑肌肉瘤的比低度恶性平滑肌肉瘤和平滑肌肉的肉瘤瘤变的预后明显为差。     

子宫肉瘤128例临床及预后因素分析

目的:探讨子宫肉瘤临床特点和预后因素的分析。方法:回顾性分析128例子宫肉瘤患者的临床资料。结果:子宫肉瘤的临床症状不典型,以阴道异常出血为主,预后较差。128例患者总的2年生存率为58.59%,5年生存率为40.63%。在单因素分析中得出年龄、UICC分期、病理类型、化疗是预后生存因素。在多变量分析中得出年龄、UICC分期是独立的预后因素。年轻、分期较早的子宫平滑肌肉瘤患者预后最好。结论:子宫肉瘤的治疗以手术为主,术后辅以化疗放疗。预后与患者年龄、FIGO分期相关。     

53例子宫肉瘤的治疗和预后

目的探讨子宫肉瘤的临床特点和预后影响因素。方法回顾性分析接受手术治疗且随访资料完整的53例子宫肉瘤患者,子宫内膜间质肉瘤15例,平滑肌肉瘤38例,分析其临床特点、治疗及影响其预后的相关因素。结果平滑肌肉瘤为主要病理组织类型;5年生存率为30.0%;临床分期、分化程度、淋巴结转移是影响预后的独立危险因素（均P〈0.05）结论子宫癌肉瘤总体预后较差,手术切除是子宫内膜肉瘤主要治疗方法;临床分期晚、分化程度低、淋巴结转移是子宫肉瘤预后不良的标志。     

子宫肉瘤的临床分析

目的：通过对两例不同特点的子宫肉瘤的临床分析,探讨子宫肉瘤的诊疗与预后。方法：对我院今年收治的两例子宫肉瘤患者的发病年龄,临床特点,术前诊断、分期、治疗及预后等进行对比分析。结果：两例病例均无典型临床表现,但手术分期都达晚期。其中1例是术前确诊病例,1例是术前诊断为子宫肌瘤,手术中发现异常后病理确诊的病例。结论：子宫肉瘤是一种较少见的女性生殖系统恶性肿瘤,其缺乏特异性症状及体征。早期诊断困难,易误诊。其预后与临床分期,病理类型关系密切。     

子宫肉瘤临床特征及预后分析

目的探讨子宫肉瘤的临床特征,诊断及影响预后的相关因素,以提高临床诊治水平。方法回顾性分析37例子宫肉瘤的临床特点、诊断、治疗及预后。结果子宫肉瘤临床表现主要为异常阴道出血和腹部包块;诊断性刮宫和术中快速冰冻是明确诊断的主要方法;病理类型和治疗方式对子宫肉瘤患者2年及5年生存率无影响（P〉0.05）。临床分期和年龄与子宫肉瘤患者2年及5年生存率有关（P〈0.05）。结论子宫肉瘤的临床症状不典型,术前诊断率低,预后差;治疗以手术为主,可辅以放疗和化疗;临床分期和年龄是影响子宫肉瘤预后的重要因素。     

子宫肉瘤40例临床治疗及影响预后因素分析

目的：探讨不同病理的子宫肉瘤临床及影响预后的因素。方法：回顾性分析我院收治的子宫肉瘤40例，其中子宫平滑肌肉瘤22例（55％），子宫内膜间质肉瘤12例（30％），子宫恶性苗勒管混合瘤6例（15％）。结果：（1）子宫肉瘤的临床表现以阴道异常出血为主，其次为下腹包块，阴道排液，下腹痛，下腹压迫症状等；（2）治疗方案：有8例（20％）行子宫及双侧附件切除术加盆腔淋巴结清扫,27例（65．5％）行子宫及双侧附件切除术，术后30例（80％）加用化学治疗。（3）年轻，分期较早的子宫平滑肌肉瘤患者的预后最好。结论：子宫肉瘤的临床症状不典型，以阴道异常出血为主，预后较差；子宫肉瘤的治疗以手术为主，可辅以放射治疗和化学治疗，预后与组织学类型，患者年龄及临床分期有关。     

子宫平滑肌肉瘤32例临床分析

目的探讨子宫平滑肌肉瘤(leiomyosarcoma,LMS)的诊断及治疗。方法对2000年1月—2013年1月收治并手术的32例子宫平滑肌肉瘤患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果病理分期Ⅰ期12例(37.5%),Ⅱ期5例(15.6%),Ⅲ、Ⅳ期15例(46.9%)。术前全部患者行诊断性刮宫,病理提示恶性肿瘤22例(68.8%)。所有患者均手术治疗,22例(68.8%)辅以化疗。25例随访病例中,3例(12.0%)死亡,4例(16.0%)复发。结论子宫平滑肌肉瘤临床表现多样,以阴道不规则流血、腹痛、腹部包块为主,术前诊断困难,术前、术后病理检查为确诊手段,免疫组化亦有助于诊断。病理分期低、核分裂象计数多、肿瘤超过子宫生长的患者应经积极辅以化疗,预后较好。     

子宫平滑肌肉瘤的诊断与预后

目的:探讨子宫平滑肌肉瘤的诊断、治疗和预后的关系,以找到早期发现的方法。方法:回顾分析我院1996年1月至2000年12月收治的18例子宫平滑肌肉瘤临床资料,分析临床及病理特点,并按病理将其分成原发组(P组)和继发组(S组),比较两组差异。结果:本组症状以下腹包块(61.1%)、腹痛(33.3%)、经量增多经期延长(22.2%)、阴道不规则出血(27.7%)为主,子宫平均增大(13.3±1.1)周。本组诊刮阳性率20%,超声术前诊断率22.2%。术中冰冻病理诊断率(55.5%),6例漏诊,漏诊率33.3%。P组和S组的临床特点及预后差异性显著(P<0.05)。子宫平滑肌肉瘤分期、类型是影响预后的独立因素。血清CA125与手术病理分期呈正相关(P=0.56)。结论:子宫平滑肌肉瘤术前诊断率低,术中冰冻是主要的诊断方法。血清CA125可作为子宫平滑肌肉瘤术前分期、术后监测的指标。     

胃肠道平滑肌肉瘤的外科治疗

目的：探讨胃肠道平滑肌肉瘤的临床表现、诊断、外科的治疗原则及影响 预后的因素。方法：回顾分析1981－2000年35例胃肠平滑肌肉瘤的诊断、手术治疗及5年生存情况。结果：本组病例术前确诊率为48．6％，消化道钡餐、内窥镜及CT检查的阳性率分别为80％、74％、54％。术后5年生存率为59．1％。结论：胃肠道平滑肌肉瘤的疗效及预后与肿瘤大小、病理分级、临床分期和治疗方法有密切关系。     

子宫肉瘤63例临床病理分析

目的：探讨不同病理类型子宫肉瘤的临床病理特征、影响预后因素,以提高对该病的认识和诊治水平。方法回顾性分析1977年至2014年收治的63例子宫肉瘤患者的临床资料,包括病理分型、发病年龄、临床表现、病理分期。结果①子宫平滑肌肉瘤（ LMS）23例（36.5％）,子宫内膜间质肉瘤（ESS）21例（33.3％）,癌肉瘤（CS）9例（14.3％）,腺肉瘤（AS）6例（9.5％）,子宫颈肉瘤4例（6.35％）;②癌肉瘤和腺肉瘤的发病平均年龄（58岁和52岁）要明显高于子宫平滑肌肉瘤（48.1岁）、子宫内膜间质肉瘤（45.7岁）、子宫颈肉瘤（41.5岁）;③病理分期以 I期为主（53.97％）;④临床表现主要表现为阴道异常流血（61.90％）,其次为盆腔包块（26.98％）。结论子宫平滑肌肉瘤和子宫内膜间质肉瘤为子宫肉瘤主要的组织类型,临床表现缺乏特异性,以不规则阴道流血为主,癌肉瘤的发病年龄最高。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.