妊娠新发系统性红斑狼疮患者的临床特征及母儿结局分析

目的 探讨妊娠新发系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者的临床特征及SLE对母儿结局的影响。方法 选取2011年1月至2021年12月嘉兴市妇幼保健院收治的单胎妊娠合并SLE患者88例。按照SLE发病时间分为孕期新发组(16例)和孕前诊断组(72例),比较两组患者临床表现、SLE病情活动指数(SLEPDAI)、妊娠并发症、母儿结局、妊娠期用药情况。结果 妊娠新发组SLEPDAI高于孕前诊断组[5.5(3,7.75)比4(2,5),P<0.05]。妊娠新发组子痫前期、早产发生率均高于孕前诊断组(40.00%比11.59%、46.67%比20.29%,均P<0.05]。两组患者分娩孕周,狼疮性肾炎、胎盘早剥、胎膜早破、血小板减少症、胎儿生长受限、羊水过少、胎儿窘迫、产后出血发生率,剖宫产分娩占比比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。妊娠新发组患者新生儿出生体重低于孕前诊断组[(2 466.67±618.65)g比(2 838.28±529.44)g,P<0.05],未足月低出生体重儿、入住NICU占比均高于孕前诊断组(40.00%比15.94%、53.33%比21.74%...     

早发型与晚发型重度子痫前期对围生儿结局的影响

目的了解重度子痫前期不同孕周对围生儿结局的影响。方法回顾性分析88例重度子痫前期患者的临床资料,按照34孕周为界分为早发型重度子痫前期组(A组)、晚发型重度子痫前期组(B组)。对其一般资料、分娩孕周、早产、胎儿生长受限发生率、新生儿窒息发生率、围生儿死亡发生率、新生儿体重等进行比较。结果①两组患者一般资料中,分娩孕周、早产发生率、规律产检率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。②围生儿结局中,各项差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),存活新生儿中,新生儿体重比较差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论重度子痫前期患者的发病孕周直接影响围产结局,且早发型重度子痫前期孕妇早产儿、低体重儿、围生儿死亡的发生率明显增加,相关新生儿疾病(如新生儿窒息等)的发病率也明显增加。     

妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进50例临床分析

目的探讨妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进(甲亢)对妊娠结局的影响.方法回顾性分析50例妊娠合并甲亢患者的妊娠结局.结果妊娠合并甲亢组妊娠结局妊娠高血压综合征24例,占48.0%;早产12例,占24.0%;平均分娩孕周(36.8±4.6)周,对照组分别为4例(8.0%)、2例(4.0%)、(38.8±1.5)周,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);新生儿IUGR者10例,平均新生儿体重(2.8±0.8)kg,对照组新生儿宫内生长迟缓(IUGR)者2例,平均新生儿体重(2.1±0.5)kg,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论甲亢患者孕前未控制或孕前、孕期自行停药,均可导致母儿严重并发症.加强甲状腺功能的监测,及时调整用药剂量,可以减少不良妊娠结局的发生.     

妊娠甲状腺功能亢进症对母儿预后的影响

目的:分析了在我院就诊的妊娠期间甲状腺功能亢进孕妇的临床资料,讨论妊娠合并甲状腺功能亢进对妊娠结局的影响。方法:2008年1月～2012年12月在我院分娩的妊娠期合并甲亢共64例,根据治疗情况分为2组,分为甲亢治疗组41例,与甲亢未治疗组23例,对64例孕妇分娩前查甲功,分娩后立即取脐带血测甲功,记录出生体重、胎龄、性别、Apgar评分、分娩方式,观察新生儿心率、呼吸、神经系统体征、甲状腺有无肿大等甲亢表现。结果:甲亢未治疗组与治疗组相比,先兆子痫、充血性心衰、甲亢危象、胎盘早剥发生率明显升高,2组比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05,产褥感染的发生率无明显差异,P>0.05;甲亢治疗组与正常组相比,先兆子痫、充血性心衰、甲亢危象、胎盘早剥、产褥感染的发生率2组比较差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。甲亢未治疗组与治疗组相比,早产儿发生率、小于胎龄儿发生率明显升高,新生儿出生体重减低,新生儿胎龄小,2组比较差异有统计学意义,P<0.05;甲亢治疗组与正常组相比,早产儿发生率、小于胎龄儿发生率,新生儿出生体重,新生儿胎龄2组比较差异无统计学意义,P>0.05。结论:加强对妊娠期甲亢患者的管理,有助于改善母儿预后。     

三胎妊娠减灭成双胎妊娠的妊娠结局分析

目的　探讨三胎妊娠行减胎术的妊娠结局以及三胎妊娠是否需行减胎术。方法　收集在浙江大学医学院附属妇产科医院和邵逸夫医院妇产科经排卵诱导和辅助生殖技术受孕的以及在这两家医院分娩的三胎妊娠 ,共 6 0例 ,其中 2 8例未行减胎术 ,32例实施减胎术。 6 0例均采用经阴道B超引导下穿刺和物理创伤使心跳停止行减胎术。比较两组的母亲产科并发症发生率、早产率、分娩时平均孕周、新生儿出生体重和出生 <15 0 0g新生儿的比例。结果　母亲产科并发症发生率和早产率在行减胎术组显著低于未行减胎术组 ;分娩时平均孕周在行减胎术组略高于未行减胎术组 ;平均新生儿出生体重在行减胎术组显著高于未行减胎术组 ,其中 <15 0 0g的新生儿比例在行减胎术组中明显降低。结论　对三胎妊娠行减胎术可以改善妊娠结局。在辅助生殖技术治疗过程中 ,应尽量避免多胎妊娠的发生 ;一旦发生多胎妊娠 ,只要孕妇及其家属愿意 ,应行减胎术。     

双胎妊娠分娩方式对新生儿的影响

目的:探讨双胎妊娠分娩方式对新生儿的影响。方法:将84例双胎妊娠产妇按分娩方式分为阴道分娩组和剖宫产组,比较两组产妇的孕周、新生儿体重及Apgar评分。结果:两组孕周比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),剖宫产组新生儿体重显著高于阴道分娩组(P<0.05)。两组第一胎分娩新生儿窒息率比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),而第二胎分娩新生儿窒息率阴道产组显著高于剖宫组(P<0.05)。结论:正确选择双胎妊娠分娩方式有助于降低剖宫产率及新生儿窒息率。     

双胎妊娠的分娩方式与妊娠结局282例临床分析

目的:探讨双胎妊娠分娩方式对妊娠结局的影响。方法:将分娩的282例双胎妊娠产妇按分娩方式分为阴道分娩组和剖宫产组,并对临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果:两组产后出血率对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);剖宫产组孕周及新生儿体重显著高于阴道分娩组;阴道分娩组先出生的新生儿发生率显著低于后出生的胎儿新生儿窒息,两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:选择正确双胎妊娠的分娩方式,将有效降低新生儿窒息的发生率。     

早发型重度子痫前期期待治疗及母婴预后分析

目的探讨早发型重度子痫前期(EOSP)期待治疗及母婴预后。方法选择早发型重度子痫前期孕妇69例,根据发病时孕周将患者分为Ⅰ组(孕周<31+6周)45例与Ⅱ组(≥孕32周)24例,对比两组孕妇并发症发生情况、胎儿围生期情况,以及期待治疗时间、终止妊娠时间及分娩方式等。结果Ⅰ组孕妇发病时孕周、终止妊娠孕周及期待治疗时间均明显短于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。两组孕妇胎盘早剥、HELLP综合征、弥散性血管内凝血(DIC)、视网膜病变、产后出血、肝肾损害、低蛋白血症发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但Ⅰ组孕妇总并发症发生率明显高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。两组围产儿出生时体重比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Ⅰ组胎儿宫内生长受限(FGR)、新生儿窒息、胎死宫内、新生儿死亡及围产儿死亡发生率均明显高于Ⅱ组(P<0.05)。结论与晚发型重度子痫前期孕妇相比,EOSP孕妇期待治疗时间更短,总并发症发生率更高,围产儿预后更差。短期的保守治疗可有效地延长孕周,在适当的时候采取合适的方式终止妊娠有助于改善母婴结局。     

妊娠梅毒患者的驱梅治疗及对围产结局的影响

目的:探讨妊娠期驱梅治疗的方法及对围产结局的影响。方法:选取89例妊娠期合并梅毒孕妇,依据确诊梅毒及首次注射首剂青霉素治疗时间分为3组,其中在妊娠早期(孕周≤12周)24例为早孕组,妊娠中期(12周<孕周<29周)31例为中孕组,妊娠晚期(孕周≥29周)34例为晚孕组,给予规范苄星青霉素或红霉素治疗,观察围产儿预后。结果:早孕组及中孕组产妇不良妊娠结局发生率分别为8.33%、19.35%,明显低于晚孕组(52.94%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);89例孕妇根据初次检测RPR滴度不同分组,其中滴度≤1∶4者53例,滴度≥1∶8者36例,滴度≤1∶4者新生儿不良预后发生率为7.55%,明显低于滴度≥1∶8孕妇分娩的新生儿不良预后发生率(27.18%),差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),先天性梅毒患病率分别为3.22%、22.77%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);早孕组孕妇分娩新生儿RPR阳性率为20.83%,先天性梅毒患病率为0,中孕组分别为19.35%、3.23%,晚孕组分别为70.59%、26.47%,早孕组及中孕组RPR阳性率、先天性梅毒患病率明显低于晚孕组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠合并梅毒孕妇采取驱梅治疗时机与围产儿的预后及先天性梅毒患病率密切相关,早期正规进行驱梅治疗能明显改善围产儿预后,降低先天性梅毒发生率。     

73例妊娠期高血压疾病临床分析

目的比较妊娠期高血压和子痫前期发病规律及预后,总结其发病特点,改善母胎预后。方法收集2018年1-12月在中山大学孙逸仙纪念医院住院分娩妊娠期高血压疾病73例,分为妊娠期高血压组(n=27)和子痫前期组(n=36例),比较两组妊娠期糖尿病、胎儿宫内生长受限、胎儿宫内窘迫、羊水过少、眼底改变、发病孕周、入院孕周、终止妊娠孕周、分娩方式、新生儿体重、新生儿窒息之间的差异。另外,尚有妊娠合并高血压4例,慢性高血压并发子痫前期4例,子痫2例,共10例,不纳入分析。结果妊娠期高血压组与子痫前期组胎儿宫内生长受限发生率(7.40%vs. 27.78%)、羊水过少发生率(3.70%vs. 19.44%)、入院孕周(37.10±3.27 vs. 33.63±4.47)、分娩孕周(37.70±2.90vs. 34.83±4.19)、顺产率(59.26%vs. 19.44%)、新生儿体重[(2 832.31±617.33)g vs.(2 270.42±1 002.18)g]、足月产(88.89%vs. 22.22%)、早产(11.11%vs. 50.00%)比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论子痫前期与妊娠期高血压相比,具有发病早、进展快、母婴合并症、并发症多、预后差等特点,应加强子痫前期在孕期的监测。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

Dynamic Changes in Serum Estradiol and Progesterone levels in Patients of Premenstrual Syndrome with Adverse Flow of Liver-qi

Objective:To probe into the influence of changes of ovarian hormones on the pathogenesis of the specific sub-type premenstrual syndrome(PMS)and reveal partial microcosmic mechanisms of adverse flow of liver-qi.Methods:Estradiol(E2)and progesterone(P)levels in serum were determined at different phases of menstrual cycle by radioimmunoassay.Results:In the group of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.the secretive peak value Of E2 and P at the follicular phase significantly decreased,and the secretive peak value at the luteal phase did not come into being.Conclusions:Low E2 and P secretive peak at the follicular phase and absence of secretive peak at the luteal phase is one of the microcosmic mechanisms of PMS with adverse flow of liver-qi.One of the pathophysiologic mechanisms of specific sub-type PMS is probably the continuous low level of E2and P.     

Real-time Three-dimensional Echocardiography in Assessment of Left Ventricular and Right Ventricular Volumes

Real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE)is a new ultrasound technique that enables dynamic threedimensional visualization and quantification of the heart in real time. Investigation of feasibility and methodology of RT3DE in determining left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) volumes, RT3DE was performed in 35 normal adults using Philips SONOS 7500 system with a 2-4 MHz matrix array transducer. The 60°×60° "pyramid" volume database was obtained and analyzed on a TomTec echo workstation. Both LV and RV volumes were calculated with four 3DE methods (i.e. apical 2, 4, 8, and 16-plane) through manually tracing ventricular endocardial borders in end diastole and end systole. Stroke volumes were then calculated. LV volume was also measured by 2DE Simpson's rule using GE VIVID 7 ultrasound machine.     

SCREENING FOR A 21-CHROMOSOME ABNORMALITY IN PREIMPLANTED EMBRYOS OF ELDERLY WOMEN

Increasing maternal age is the only etiological factor unequivocally linked to Down's syndrome in humans. The occurrence rate of newborns with Down's syndrome is about 1/220 in women over 35 years old. However, the occurrence rate in embryos fertilized in vitro, of the elder woman is unclear. Using FISH we screened the number of chromosome 21 in preimplanted embryos of 5 elderly women (average age, 38.4 years) to study the feasibility and necessity of screening trisomy 21 in embryos in patients over 35 years old at the in vitro fertilization (IVF) center.     

Scientific principles and rigorous processes should be followed in developing clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine

A clinical guideline for the therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine may be defined as a written document which states a series of recommendations on therapeutic interventions of integrative medicine for a special disease or condition. The guideline may provide assistance to medical professionals in making clinical decisions aimed at improving the clinical outcome of patients and reducing the costs of medical care（~＇4~. Recommendations issued by a guideline should be based on the best available evidence in both Western and Chinese medicine. For fulfilling this purpose, the development of clinical guidelines for therapeutic interventions in the field of integrative medicine should follow scientific principles and undergo a rigorous processes.