小儿脑性瘫痪病因分析

脑瘫病因的进一步细致分析，对该病的预防和康复意义重大。妊娠前母体因素及遗传因素是造成脑瘫不可忽视的因素；妊娠期是形成脑瘫的主要环节，部分早产儿、过期产及臀位产等高危妊娠，胎儿在妊娠期已存在脑神经系统发育障碍，而且这些改变多是由胚胎缺陷或母体各种疾病致胎儿缺氧缺血所致，因此应归于致脑瘫的妊娠期因素。提示避免妊娠前母体及遗传因素的影响，对高危妊娠的监护，做好产前检查是预防脑瘫发生的有效方法。     

小儿脑性瘫痪的康复护理

对住院脑性瘫痪疾病康复期病儿实施康复护理是脑性瘫痪护理的重要内容。做好病儿的康复护理，应注意：１．康复护理人员必须具备高尚的品质。２．循序渐进，持之以恒。３．护士应针对不同程度的功能障碍，实施分级生活护理。４．分析病儿心理，引发病儿的主动性。５．家庭参与，协作进行。通过上述方法，使病儿最大限度地发挥残存能力达到生活自理，提高生活质量，回归社会回归学校。     

西宁地区小儿脑性瘫痪的康复体会

目的：通过康复训练使脑性瘫痪患儿异常姿势及废用功能得以改善，临床症状减轻，建立神经系统新的组合关系。方法：应用被动肢体康复训练、精细运动训练，传统医学、按摩、经洛导平以及药物应用。结论：早期、科学、合理的康复训练能提高中枢神经系统的可塑性，可较好地挖掘脑性瘫痪损伤的修复能力。     

小儿脑性瘫痪的康复护理

选择我院2009年2月～2011年2月收治的小儿脑性瘫痪患者80例,随机分为观察组和对照组各40例,回顾性分析两组临床资料。观察组总有效率为92.5%,对照组总有效率为75%,观察组总有效率显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。加强小儿脑性瘫痪病症的康复护理,可显著提高预后效果,改善患儿生活质量。     

小儿脑性瘫痪的康复护理

小儿脑瘫是儿科常见但治疗时感到棘手的疾病,主要造成患儿躯体移动障碍。本文探讨了脑瘫康复护理方法,包括:加强基础护理;康复训练指导;心理护理。同时需要家长的配合与支持,家长掌握基本的康复训练知识,将训练内容贯穿于患儿生活当中,将不断巩固训练效果,提高患儿日常生活中的自理能力,使患儿最大程度地回归家庭和社会。     

小儿脑性瘫痪的临床循证

病因和干预措施研究不但有助于脑性瘫痪(CP)的一级预防,而且也有助于减少严重CP后遗症的发生率。2002年8月进行有关小儿脑性瘫痪防治临床证据的查询,回顾所有相关的系统评价,以期为小儿脑性瘫痪的防治提供最新的证据。     

小儿脑性瘫痪的作业疗法

作业疗法作为康复治疗的重要组成部分在脑瘫治疗中的应用越来越得到广泛的重视 ,它能使脑瘫患儿获得动作能力和社会能力 ,以促进全身心的发育 ,在身体、精神、社会和经济上达到最大限度自立 ,实际上也是一种生存能力的学习与掌握。1　作业疗法的概念作业疗法是医师根据每个患儿的残疾情况 ,采取有目的的、经过选择的作业活动进行治疗和训练的一种方法 ,对于身体上、精神上、发育上有功能障碍或残疾以致不同程度丧失生活自理和学习、劳动能力者 ,有促其恢复、改善和增强能力的作用。2　作业疗法的目的作业疗法主要侧重于上肢功能和日常生活动…     

Third International Conference on Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies

Summary. More than 10 years after its clinical introduction, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has proved to be the safest treatment modality for more than 90% of urinary stones. Absolute contraindications are untreated coagulopathy, urinary tract infection and pregnancy. After careful preparation, even patients with severe coagulopathy (haemophiliacs A/B, thrombocytopenia) can be treated successfully by ESWL. Shock wave lithotripsy for an increasing amount of small symptomatic renal calculi resulted in a stone-free rate of 50% and a complaint-free rate of 52%. A 50% chance of success justifies initial ESWL treatment for stones in caliceal diverticula. A stone-free rate of 70% was reported for stone-bearing horseshoe kidneys, but the recurrence rate was 29%. Therefore, percutaneous stone removal may become necessary in such cases.

The utilization of indwelling stents has contributed to the extension of indication for ESWL monotherapy, even for staghorn calculi, as acute morbidity is reduced. Double-J stents, however, do not improve the stone-free rate and special attention should be paid to double-J morbidity. Depending on stone localization, post-ESWL long-term stone-free rates are 58–84% with a recurrence rate of 6–11 % and despite persisting fragments, the infection rate is low.

The main features of third generation lithotripters are a combined localization system allowing interdisciplinary shock wave lithotripsy, a wide energy range of the shock wave source resulting in an efficacy similar to that of the Dornier HM3 and integration of the shock wave source and fluoroscopy unit in an endoscopic treatment table for multifunctional use. Finally, a modified version of the Clayman-Preminger efficacy quotient for clinical comparison of different lithotripters, is outlined.     

The Cerebral Palsy Problem

Results of early postoperative ambulation in 1700 major surgical cases are compared with those of late postoperative ambulation in 1200 similar surgical cases. The beneficial effects of early ambulation are shown: marked decrease in the complication rate; no increase in the postoperative hernia rate; a shorter hospital stay, and a more rapid rehabilitation of the patient.