CELLULAR KINETIC AND PHENOTYPIC HETEROGENEITY IN AND AMONG BURKITT'S AND BURKITT-LIKE LYMPHOMAS

This study asks whether the known genotypic heterogeneity within and between endemic or sporadic Burkitt's lymphomas (eBLs and sBLs, n=10 each), and Burkitt-like lymphomas (BLLs, n-12), is reflected in divergent cytokinetics and related immunophenotypes. There was strong evidence that eBL and BLL grow markedly faster than sBL, as shown by differences in mitotic and apoptotic indices. Furthermore, in BLL, the median percentage of neoplastic cells immunoreactive for the bcl-2 protein was much higher than that observed in eBL and sBL. The reverse was true for the median fraction of cells containing c-myc protein. In eBL and sBL, the median fraction of bcl-6 protein-positive cells reached values above 50 per cent, while cells of 8/12 BLLs did not contain detectable amounts of this protein. This observation indicates that in this respect, eBL and sBL resemble normal germinal centres of lymphatic tissue much more than do BLL. Evidence for infection of neoplastic cells by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was observed in 9/10 cases of eBL and in 3/10 of sBL, but not in BLL. EBV-positive lymphomas were associated with distinctly lower apoptotic indices and smaller median percentages of bcl-6-positive cells than EBV-negative tumours. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

VIRAL AND CHEMICAL LEUKEMOGENESIS AND HOST CONDITIONING

To clarify the pathogenesis of murine leukemia of viral and chemical origin, it is necessary to consider certain fundamental observations on host conditioning factors which appear to be responsible for determining the type of leukemia developed and the age of leukemia occurrence. In this short survey the author will present the data of experiments in our laboratory dealing with Gross leukemia in mice and chemical-induced leukemia in mice and rats.     

RACE AND COLOUR IN INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL REALITY

To understand the psychological origins and impact of racism, two assumptions are proposed. The first is that racism develops out of internal paranoid schizoid splits. The second relates to the manner in which these splits are organized. The history of racial exploitation provides powerful projection highways that can be used to maintain these internal splits. Reciprocal projective identification between internal and external white part-objects and internal and external black part-objects locates desirable aspects of the self in white objects and undesirable aspects in black objects. Some of the resulting complex defences and identifications are illustrated using case material.     

PERSONALITY AND RESPIRATORY RESPONSES TO SOUND AND LIGHT

Respiratory amplitude (RA) and respiratory rate (RR) parameters were examined in student subjects (Ss) following stimulation with five intensities of sound and five intensities of light. All Ss completed the MMPI and were then divided into high and low ego strength (Es) groups on the basis of their scores on the Barron scale. These groups were balanced for alertness-drowsiness by EEG criteria. High Es Ss responded with a greater increase in RA than low Es Ss and there was a strong trend for high Es Ss to respond less than low Es Ss in RR. Both RA and RR increased following stimulation with the greatest changes following greater intensities of stimulation in both modalities. Light induced a greater increase in RA and RR than sound.     

人胎肺细胞增殖与凋亡及其与发育分化的关系

用原位核酸末端杂交和免疫细胞化学技术,分别观察28例16～32周人胎肺组织不同发育阶段的增殖与凋亡的表达特征。实验结果表明:支气管粘膜上皮细胞在胎肺发育的早、中期(即假腺期和小管期),细胞的凋亡与增殖均明显较晚期旺盛,而且两者均于胎肺发育的小管期达到最高峰;但凋亡与增殖细胞在不同发育时期各有不同的定位,提示细胞的凋亡与增殖行为在胎肺管腔发生及分支延伸过程中有不同作用。     

桡,尺动脉肌,皮支的解剖学研究

目的:为手外科提供桡、尺动脉分出的肌、皮支.材料和方法:用福尔马林常规固定的成尸上肢69(男61,女8)侧,解剖观测桡、尺动脉分支的部位、支数及外径.主要结果:从尺、桡动脉壁两侧发出分支,大部分为不对称性分支间距不等,平均(3.0～15.0)mm.桡动脉平均分出15.8支,其中肌支10.3支,筋膜皮支5.5支.尺动脉平均分出12.4支,其中肌支7.6支,筋膜皮支4.8支.结论:桡、尺动脉分出肌、皮支,皮支为前臂筋膜瓣、皮瓣的血管蒂.     

正常胎儿,新生儿,婴儿食管及食管裂孔的测量观察

选用无消化道畸形的胎儿，新生儿、婴儿尸体４０例。固定后测量食管长度、生理性狭窄及扩张部横径、腹段食管、膈食管裂孔及胃食管角，在光镜下测量食管下端插约肌长度。研究提示：无论在胎儿、新生儿及婴儿均已存在上述结构，并有随年龄增长而增长趋势。     

TATTOOING AND PIERCING: INITIATION RITES AND MASCULINE DEVELOPMENT

ABSTRACT Prompted by the surprising reaction of a young man with a borderline personality to an interpretation of castration anxiety, this paper sets out to explore some of the unconscious determinants of tattooing and piercing. Recognizing that such acts can have an initiatory function, sociological, anthropological and psychoanalytic views of initiation and the role of the father in masculine development are examined. In some boys oedipal development is forestalled and castration anxiety is not experienced. A bifocal approach using object relations theories based on regression and Lacanian perspectives that highlight reactions to an oedipal impasse is used to understand these processes. Symbolic body modifications are differentiated from those that are non-symbolic.     

滋养层发育和机能分化与粘附因子及细胞因子

胚泡着床后侵入蜕膜组织形成强固粘附的同时,迅速分化成绒毛并完成胎盘的组织构成。绒毛上皮由细胞滋养层、合体细胞滋养层和绒毛外细胞滋养层（ｅｘｔｒａｖｉｌｌｏｕｓ ｃｙｔｏｔｒｏｐｈｏｔｌａｓｔ）组成。在洋养层细胞增殖与分化和绒毛膜形成的过程中与性激素、生长因子、癌基因、癌抑制基因、凋亡关联因子、细胞外基质和粘附因子等多种因子的关系密切。本文仅对细胞外基质和粘附因子等多种因子的关系密切。本文仅对细胞粘附因子（ａｄｈｅｒｉｎ）及细胞因子（ｃｙｔｏｋｉｎｅ）与滋养层细胞的发育与机能分化进行讨论。     

广西玉林青少年头发中钙镁含量与身高体重的关系

目的：通过调查分析青少年青春期发育阶段头发钙镁含量与身高体重的关系,探讨影响该人群生长发育的地域性特征。方法：采用随机抽样方法从玉林地区检测了７１０例（男４２４,女２８６）７￣１６岁的健康青少年的身高体重指标并用偏振塞曼原子吸收仪对他们的头发样品中钙镁含量进行测定。结果：男女头发中钙含量与身高成负相关;女性头发中镁含量与身高体重成正相关;男女各年龄间头发钙含量存在显著性差异。结论：在该地区青少年生长发育时期,头发中钙镁含量随着体质发育的变化发生不断的改变,不同性别、不同年龄发育阶段头发中钙镁含量表现出不同的变化特征,这些变化特征有助于辅助临床诊断以及反映不同发育阶段机体对钙镁的需求量和代谢状况。     

心肌桥和壁冠状动脉的形态及相关性研究

探讨心肌桥和壁冠状动脉的形态及相关性,为心血管病临床提供形态依据.方法:解剖100例正常人心脏的冠状动脉,取前室间支桥下段血管(壁冠状动脉)中份及出桥段血管起始部,作石蜡切片HE染色,在计算机图像分析仪下进行观测.结果:心肌桥出现率为85%,桥宽厚各为19.14±10.49mm,1.37±0.65mm.壁冠状动脉管径较其远端血管管径小;管壁较其远端血管壁薄;其形态有圆形、椭圆形、心形、不规则形和线形.相关分析表明;心肌桥的宽度与壁冠状动脉管径呈负相关;桥的宽度和厚度与其远端血管管径呈正相关;桥的厚度与壁冠状动脉内膜呈负相关.