大学生感觉寻求人格特征与脑电诱发电位的关系

目的:研究大学生感觉寻求人格特征与脑电诱发电位的相关性.方法:测试大学生感觉寻求及MMPI人格特征,分析长潜伏期听觉诱发电位与感觉寻求人格特征的相关性,寻找感觉寻求人格特征的生物学标志,并进一步探讨感觉寻求人格特征的生物学基础.结果:1.高、低感觉寻求组轻躁狂(t=3.1)以及抑郁(t=3.62)分量表得分具有显著性差异(P均＜0.01),高感觉寻求组的抑郁得分较低,轻躁狂得分较高,而低感觉寻求组则与之相反.2.高感觉寻求者具有快速习惯化的特点(tc2=2.4,tc3=2.6,tc4=2.5,P均＜0.05).结论:1.感觉寻求人格特征呈现极端形式者(低或高)可能容易出现与抑郁、轻躁狂相关的精神问题.2.与强度依赖性相比,快速习惯化现象可能是高感觉寻求者的一个更加显著的电生理标志.     

美术学生的感觉寻求人格发展比较研究

目的:探讨美术专业学生和普通大学生的感觉寻求人格特质发展差异.方法:将135名美术专业大学生与152名普通大学生的感觉寻求特质进行比较,并在不同性别、年级和专业之间进行多因素方差分析.结果:美术专业大学生的ES、GEN得分明显高于普通大学生,男性间差异小显著,女性间差异在TAS、ES、GEN上显著.不同专业和年级间交互效应在ES、GEN上显著,其中女性被试在TAS、ES、GEN上尤其显著,发展趋势存在差异.结论:美术专业的学习有可能影响感觉寻求人格发展的趋势.     

糖尿病大鼠的脑干听觉诱发电位和中潜伏期反应

应用计算机平均叠加技术颅表记录大鼠脑干听觉诱发电位(BAEP)和中潜伏期反应(MLR),在链尿佐菌素(STZ)诱导的糖尿病大鼠连续70天同时动态观察BAEP和MLR的波峰潜伏期(PL)、波峰间潜伏期(IPL)及波幅的变化,旨在探讨糖尿病MLR和BAEP是否都有异常改变及同病程的关系。结果如下：糖尿病大鼠BAEP各波PL和I波-V波IPL在病程第28～42天出现持续性的明显延长,且均与病程呈正的直线相关关系;MLR各波PL和Pa波-Pb波IPL在病程第28～42天也出现持续性的明显延长,Na、Nb和Pb波PL也同病程呈正的直线相关关系。糖尿病大鼠BAEP各波波幅在病程第14～28天出现明显增大,MLR的Pa、Nb波波幅在病程第14天也出现明显增大。表明糖尿病大鼠BAEP和MLR有相似的异常改变并与病程有关。     

52位正常人听觉P50诱发电位结果分析

目的 :探讨正常人听觉P5 0诱发电位特征。方法 :采用条件 (C) 试验 (T)刺激模式记录5 2位正常人的听觉P5 0诱发电位 ,分别对不同性别、不同年龄组之间P5 0的差异进行组间比较分析。结果 :①P5 0波峰潜伏期为 5 7 9± 7 6ms ,C P5 0与T P5 0潜伏期差为 3 1± 2 5ms。②T P5 0波幅较C P5 0波幅显著降低 ,试验 /条件 (T/C)率为 5 8 9± 12 7%。③女性组P5 0波幅较男性组显著升高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,潜伏期和T/C率均无差异 ;年龄组比较P5 0诸成分均无显著性差异。结论 :听觉P5 0诱发电位是一种具有抑制特征的电位活动。T/C率不受性别、年龄的影响 ,其变化可以反映大脑正常感觉门控的机能状态     

重庆市某高校大学生性行为与感觉寻求的关系

目的:了解大学生性行为现状及与感觉寻求的关系,为高校开展大学生性教育提供参考.方法:2019年9-10月,在重庆市某高校采用分层整群抽样开展问卷调查,用X2检验比较不同特点大学生性行为发生率差异,用Wilcoxon秩和检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验比较不同特点大学生感觉寻求水平差异,用Logistic回归分...     

听觉脑干诱发电位测定与新生儿黄疸相关性的分析

目的探讨听觉脑干诱发电位异常在新生儿黄疸患儿诊断及治疗的意义及相关危险性。方法选择新生儿黄疸患儿116例,检测血清总胆红素(TBC),直接胆红素。并且给予进行听觉脑干诱发电位测定,根据测定结果对黄疸病因及黄疸严重程度进行观察并进一步决定治疗方案。结果与结论新生儿黄疸可以引起听觉脑干诱发电位异常,且电位异常是诊断胆红素脑损害的最早表现也是病情发展的灵敏检测指标,对胆红素脑病的治疗也很大意义。     

癫癎患者的短潜伏期体感诱发电位与临床相关性的研究

目的：研究癫癎患者短潜伏期体感诱发电位（SLSEP）的变化规律及相互关系,并对SLSEP技术在其中的应用价值进行评价。方法：对癫癎患者在发作间期进行SLSEP检测,以潜伏期为观察指标,检测双侧N20、P40、P15、IN16、N16、N18、N19波潜伏期,并与正常人作对照。结果：癫癎组N20、P15、IN16、N16各波潜伏期较对照组明显延长（P〈0．01）;癫癎患者头颅CT／MRI异常组同侧记录的IN16潜伏期较头颅CT／MRI正常组的IN16波潜伏期延长（P=0．01）;癫癎患者脑电图异常组P15波潜伏期较脑电图正常组的延长（p=0．05）;病程5年以上组P40、P15波潜伏期较1-5年组延长（P=0．00、P=0．01）,病程5年以上组P40波潜伏期较1年以下组延长（P=0．03）;用2种及以上抗癫癎药组IN16波潜伏期较未用抗癫癎药组的明显延长（P=0．01）,用两种及以上抗癫癎药组IN16、N16、N18波潜伏期较用1种抗癫癎药组明显延长（p=0．01、P=0．02、P=0．02）;每月发作两次以上组P40波潜伏期较每月发作两次及以下组明显延长（P=0．04）。结论：癫癎患者存在脑功能障碍,并有相应的SLSEP改变。SLSEP检测技术可以评估癫癎患者的脑功能,并且能够动态观察比较,可对患者的疗效和预后评估提供指导。     

脑干听觉诱发电位测试中的曲线拟合与参数估计方法

脑干听觉诱发电位是声觉器官受刺激后产生的一种生物电，反映了相应感觉通路及神经元群的活动，可用作听力阈值的客观判断，以及对多种耳疾和脑部病变作出诊断，因而成为当今临床医学和生物医学信号处理中的一个重要课题。本文介绍了脑干听觉诱发电位潜伏期（Ｌ）与刺激声强（Ｉ）之间关系曲线的作用及其拟合建模，回归算法优化，还用实测数据对选定的拟合曲线模型进行了回归方差分析     

正常成人听觉诱发电位P50的年龄和性别差异

目的:研究正常人听觉诱发电位P50特征以及年龄、性别因素的影响。方法:从北京回龙观医院职工以及附近小区居民中选取153例健康被试,按年龄分为两组,年龄1组(50岁)86人(男40人,女46人),年龄2组(≥50岁)67人(男26人,女41人)。使用脑电生理记录仪,采用条件刺激(S1)-测试刺激(S2)模式进行听觉诱发电位P50检测。结果:(1)年龄2组S2波幅高于年龄1组,但仅两组女性被试间的差异具有统计学意义[(2.44±1.68)μV vs.(1.15±1.09)μV,P0.01]。(2)年龄2组S1-S2值小于年龄1组,但仅两组男性被试间的差异具有统计学意义[(1.80±0.94)μV vs.(2.73±1.93)μV,P0.05]。(3)年龄2组门控比(S2/S1)高于年龄1组,两组女性被试间差异具有统计学意义[(58.17±42.06)vs.(31.52±31.60),P0.01],两组男性被试间有类似趋势[(41.00±31.88)vs.(25.78±36.28),P=0.09]。(4)方差分析显示,年龄和性别对S2波幅均有显著效应(P0.01),且存在交互作用(P0.05),年龄对门控比(S2/S1)有显著效应(P0.01);(5)相关分析显示,女性被试年龄与门控比呈正相关(r=0.30,P0.01),男性被试年龄与门控比无统计学意义相关(P0.05)。结论:正常人听觉诱发电位P50指标存在性别和年龄差别,50岁以上可能存在听觉门控功能减弱,尤以女性为著。     

40 Hz暂态听觉诱发电位中潜伏期成分的引出分析

常规方式下听觉诱发电位(AEP)的一些成分(如Pb)的出现和稳定程度与刺激率有关,但是刺激率的提高受到AEP潜伏期的制约,两者的卷积效应导致暂态AEP无法直接获取.连续循环平均去卷积(CLAD)和多刺激率稳态平均去卷积(MSAD)是提取高刺激率下暂态AEP的两种新方法.由于两种方法的计算原理和实验范式不同,需要通过充分的实验评估其性能.本研究采用这两种去卷积技术获取了11例正常成年人的40 Hz暂态AEP,并和常规(5 Hz) AEP对照.结果发现40 Hz高刺激率下暂态AEP主要波形的引出率均为100％(常规AEP的Nb和Pb的引出率分别为72.73％和54.55％);潜伏期的变异系数为6.57％(常规方式11.18％);个体AEP与总体平均之间的相关系数为0.87(常规方式0.70).上述结果表明,与常规方法相比,40 Hz时去卷积技术得到的暂态AEP的主要成分可以更稳定地被引出,在应用上更具优势.     

A multivariate genetic analysis of sensation seeking

The genetic architecture of sensation seeking was analyzed in 1591 adolescent twin pairs. Individual differences in sensation seeking were best explained by a simple additive genetic model. Between 48 and 63% of the total variance in sensation seeking subscales was attributable to genetic factors. There were no sex differences in the magnitude of the genetic and environmental effects. The different dimensions of sensation seeking were moderately correlated. The strongest correlations were between the subscales Thrill and Adventure Seeking and Experience Seeking (r=0.4) and between Boredom Susceptibility and Disinhibition (r=0.4 in males,r=0.5 in females). A triangular decomposition showed that the correlations between the sensation seeking subscales were induced mainly by correlated genetic factors and, to a smaller extent, by correlated unique environmental factors. The genetic and environmental correlation structures differed between males and females. For females, higher genetic correlations for Experience Seeking with Boredom Susceptibility and Disinhibition and higher correlations among the unique environmental factors were found. There was no evidence that sex-specific genes influenced sensation seeking behavior in males and females.     

Frontal EEG asymmetry and sensation seeking in young adults

Sensation seeking has been characterized as a desire to seek novel, intense sensations, and the willingness to take risks in pursuing them. In two separate studies of young adults, we examined the relation between measures of sensation seeking and the pattern of resting frontal EEG asymmetry, thought to reflect a biological predisposition to approach new experiences. As predicted, high sensation seeking was related to a greater relative left frontal activity at rest in both studies, which may be specific to men. How greater relative left frontal cortical activity at rest is related to a tendency to engage in sensation-seeking and risky behaviors is discussed.     

Relationship of serum serotonin and salivary cortisol with sensation seeking

The present study was conducted to investigate the possible relationship of serum serotonin and salivary cortisol with the sensation seeking (SS) trait. Blood and saliva samples were taken from 57 male volunteers (mean age 23 ± 5 years) to measure serum serotonin and salivary cortisol concentrations. Zuckerman's Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS-V) was used to assess SS. Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed that high serum serotonin levels did not correlate significantly with low SS scores (r = 0.12). However, a negative correlation between SS scores and salivary cortisol levels (r = − 0.34, p < 0.01) was significant, suggesting that high SS scores are related to low concentrations of salivary cortisol. The negative correlation between salivary cortisol and SS is clearly compatible with the optimal level of Catecholamine system activity (CSA), component of SS theory, indicating that high sensation seekers (HSSers) tend to seek excitement and novelty to compensate for the shortage of CSA achieving optimal arousal. Further investigation is needed before conclusions can be drawn regarding the relationship of serum serotonin and SS.     

糖尿病并脑梗死患者的脑干听觉诱发电位和脑电图研究

目的：研究糖尿病对脑梗塞患者脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）和脑电图（EEG）的影响。方法：随机选择196例高血压性脑梗死，其中86例合并糖尿病（均非胰岛素依赖型）。所有病例均发病7天内进行BAEP和EEG检查。结果：单纯高血压性脑梗死和合并糖尿病患者BAEP异常率分别约为65．4％和80．2％（x2=5．22，P＜0.05）；EEG异常率50.．9％和69．8％（x2＝7．36，P＜0.01）。合并糖尿病的脑梗死患者BAEP主波潜伏期和波间期均比高血压性脑梗死患者明显延长（P＜0．0.05～0.01）；BAEP及EEG异常程度亦以合并糖尿病患者为重。结论：糖尿病加重脑梗死患者脑功能的损害，对预后不利。     

Sensitivity of human auditory evoked potentials to the harmonicity of complex tones: evidence for dissociated cortical processes of spectral and periodicity analysis

A strong subjective tendency exists for simultaneous sound frequencies forming an harmonic series (integer multiples of the fundamental) to "group" together into a unified auditory percept whose pitch is similar to that of the fundamental. The aim of the study was to determine whether cortical auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) to complex tones differ according to whether the component frequencies of the stimuli are harmonically related or not. AEPs were recorded to continuous complex tones comprising four or more sinusoids. The vertex-maximal "change-potentials" (CP1, CN1, CP2), recorded to a stimulus cycle comprising one harmonic and five inharmonic complexes changing every second, showed no sensitivity to harmonicity, although an additional mismatch negativity was possibly present to the harmonic complex. In a second study the CP2 was significantly attenuated when an harmonic complex changed to a new one in the presence of an unchanging sinusoidal background tone, harmonically related to the first complex but not to the second, and thus becoming perceptually distinct. This, however, might be caused by lateral inhibitory effects not related to harmonicity. In a third experiment, when four concurrent sinusoidal tones came to rest on steady frequencies after a 5-s period of 16/s pseudo-random frequency changes, fronto-centrally maximal "mismatch-potentials" (MN1, MP2), were recorded. Both the MN1 and the MP2 were significantly shorter in latency when the steady frequencies formed an harmonic complex. Since the harmonic complex had a short overall periodicity, equal to that of the fundamental, while that of the inharmonic complex was much longer, the effect might be explained if the latencies of the mismatch-potential are related to periodicity. The perceptual grouping of harmonically related frequencies appears not to be a function of spectral domain analysis, reflected in the change-potentials, but of periodicity analysis, reflected in the mismatch-potentials Electronic Publication     

Somatosensory amplification and its relationship to somatosensory, auditory, and visual evoked and event-related potentials (P300)

Somatosensory amplification refers to the tendency to experience benign and ambiguous somatic sensation as intense, noxious, and disturbing. The construct is helpful in assessing the perceptual style of a variety of somatizing conditions, but there is no human study clarifying the effects of neurological function on somatosensory amplification. The present study examines the relationship between somatosensory amplification and different types of evoked potentials. In 33 healthy volunteers (mean age 24 years, 18 men), latencies and amplitudes were recorded using the following parameters: short-latency somatosensory, brainstem-auditory, and visual evoked potentials (SSEP, BAEP, and VEP, respectively) and auditory event-related potentials (ERP). All subjects completed questionnaires for the Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), and Profile of Mood State (POMS). The SSAS scores were significantly associated with the P200 latency (p=0.020) and P300 amplitude of ERP (p=0.041), controlling for the significant effect of the TAS and POMS depression and tension-anxiety scales. The SSEP, BAEP, and VEP latencies or amplitudes were not statistically significant (all p>0.05). When the subjects were divided into high and low SSAS groups based on the median of the SSAS scores, the P300 amplitude of ERP significantly discriminated the two groups (p=0.023) by multiple logistic regression analysis. Although the findings should be viewed as preliminary because of the small sample size, somatosensory amplification appears to reflect some aspects of long-latency cognitive processing rather than short-latency interceptive sensitivity from the viewpoint of encephalography.     

Temporal prominence of auditory evoked potentials (N1 wave) in 4-8-year-old children

Cortical auditory evoked potentials (N1 wave) were studied in 24 adults (12 men, 12 women) and 20 children (12 boys, 8 girls; age: 4-8 years). In adults, this wave was recorded with maximal amplitude at frontocentral sites, peaking at about 100 ms poststimulation, whereas in children the auditory response displayed maximal amplitude at the midtemporal sites, with a positive wave at about 100 ms and a large negative wave at approximately 170 ms. Moreover, the modulatory effects of intensity on N1 amplitude were prominent at frontocentral sites in adults and at temporal sites in children. Frontocentral negative response was also recorded in children but was smaller in amplitude and longer in peak latency (around 140 ms) than in adults; responses were of greater amplitude at the frontal site than at the vertex before 6 years of age, whereas the reverse was more often found after this age. These data suggest great differences with age in the neural generators contributing to auditory evoked potentials recorded in the N1 latency range.     

脑干听觉诱发电位在耳外伤患者中的应用

目的 :分析耳外伤患者脑干听觉诱发电位 (BAEP)的改变及特点。方法 :对 72例耳外伤患者中 91只患耳进行BAEP检测 ,测定Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ各波潜伏期 (PL)、峰间潜伏期 (IPL)、两耳间PL或IPL之侧间差 (ILD)等数值。结果 :病例组Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ波PL明显延长 ,与对照组相比差异有非常显著意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,IPL无明显改变 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,提示其损害主要为蜗前传导障碍。结论 :BAEP检测是一项客观敏感的神经电生理学指标 ,对于评价耳外伤后的听觉传导通路功能状况具有重要价值。     

窒息新生儿脑干听觉诱发电位的观察

目的：探讨窒息对新生儿的听觉和脑干功能的影响,方法：对55例窒息新生儿进行脑干听觉诱发电位（BAEP）检测,结果：BAEP的异常率为51％,主要表现在I,V波峰潜伏期延长,I－V,Ⅲ-Ⅴ峰间期延长及Ⅲ-Ⅴ/ⅠⅢ＞1的和反应阈升高。结果：窒息新生儿可有听力损失和中脑下部的损害,BAEP对了解新生儿早期听力及脑干功能障碍有重要价值。