肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞肿瘤(附2例报告及文献复习)

目的:探讨肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床和病理学特点。方法:回顾分析2例肾上腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床资料。结果:2例病例在临床上没有特异表现,肿瘤大小分别为8.0cm×6.0cm×5.5cm和8.0cm×9.5cm×7.0cm,包膜完整,与周围没有粘连。切面为灰黄色,光镜下胞质内含丰富的嗜酸颗粒,细胞无明显异型性和核分裂相。电镜下胞质内见大量线粒体。1例免疫组化NSE( )、VIM( )、MIB1<1%( )。2例均诊断为良性肿瘤。手术切除后分别随访11个月和26个月,未见肿瘤复发和转移。结论:大多肾上腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤是没有功能的,发现时一般肿瘤体积比较大,应该根据肿瘤的病理学特征进行良恶性鉴别,术后需要随访。     

肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床诊治(附5例报告)

目的 探讨肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床、病理学特征及治疗方法.方法 回顾性分析5例肾上腺嗜酸细胞肿瘤的临床资料.结果 5例患者中,1例表现为女性男性化,1例皮质醇节律异常表现为皮质醇增多症合并表现库欣综合征,3例无特异表现,肿瘤大小为13 cm×12 cm×10 cm到8.0 cm ×6.0 cm ×5.5 cm.术中...     

肾上腺节细胞神经瘤的临床诊治特点（附20例报告）

目的 总结肾上腺节细胞神经瘤的临床诊治特点.方法 对20例肾上腺节细胞神经瘤患者分别行后腹腔镜下肿瘤摘除术（18例）及行开放手术（2例）.结果 切除肿瘤大小3.6cm×2.7cm×1.8cm～9.2cm×5.5cm×4.2cm.所有患者术中血压均无明显波动,术后无并发症发生,恢复较好.其中12例随访1～36个月肿瘤无复发和转移,8例失访.结论 肾上腺节细胞神经瘤是一种较少见的良性肿瘤,确诊主要依靠病理学检查,主要治疗方法为外科手术,包括腹腔镜或开放手术,一般预后较好.     

肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤的诊断与治疗

目的：探讨肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤的影像学特点和诊治方法.方法：肾上腺肿瘤患者12例.男5例,女7例.平均年龄48（33～64）岁.左侧4例,右侧8例.血压高2例.腰腹部疼痛1例,无特异性症状9例.行B超、CT及MRI检查.术前提示为肾上腺占位,其中肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤10例.嗜铬细胞瘤1例,肾上腺肿瘤1例.12例均行肾上腺肿瘤切除术,其中开放手术7例.腹腔镜手术5例.结果：12例手术均顺利完成.平均手术时间1.5 h,平均术中出血量50 ml.术后无明显外科并发症,平均7天顺利出院.切除肿瘤最小3.0 cm×3.5 cm×4.0 cm.最大6.5 cm×7.5 cm×8.0 cm.病理诊断均为肾上腺髓件脂肪瘤.术后随访0.5～8年（平均2年）.所有患者临床症状消失,B超及CT检查末见肿瘤复发及恶性变.结论：肾上腺髓件脂肪瘤多无特异性临床表现,术前诊断主要靠影像学检查,确诊依赖于病理检查 手术切除预后良好,其中腹腔镜手术创伤小,疗效满意,为治疗本病的理想方法.     

肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤的临床诊疗（附2例报告并文献复习）

目的：探讨肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤的症状、影像、病理、治疗及预后,以提高对该病的诊疗水平。方法：回顾分析2011年3月010月我院收治2例肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤患者的临床资料,结合文献复习并讨论。结果：2例肿瘤大小分别为3．0cm×4．0cm和1．5cm×2．0cm。1例行左肾部分切除术,另1例行后腹腔镜下根治性左肾切除术,术后病理回报均为肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤。镜检：肿瘤细胞圆形或类圆形,细胞均匀一致,呈腺泡状或管状排列,胞质内富含嗜酸性颗粒,肿瘤中心部可见玻璃样变性无细胞区;免疫组化：EMA（＋）、Vimentin（-）。本组中1例细胞核有一定程度异形性,另1例细胞核异形性明显,呈低度恶性。术后分别随访14个月及6个月,未见肿瘤复发,转移。结论：肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤是一种良性肿瘤,在临床症状、体征及影像学方面无明显特异性表现,确诊须依靠组织病理学检查。治疗以保留肾单位手术为宜,针对某些伴发恶性可能的肿瘤,肾根治性切除术也是积极的,术后需密切随访。     

腹腔镜下切除肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤疗效观察

目的:探讨经腹腹腔镜下手术切除肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤的临床疗效.方法:回顾性分析8例肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤患者的临床资料.行彩超、CT及MRI等影像学检查,术前诊断为肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤6例,嗜铬细胞瘤1例,肾上腺腺瘤1例.8例均行腹腔镜下肾上腺肿瘤切除术.结果:7例标准腹腔镜下切除肿瘤顺利完成,1例行手助腹腔镜下切除.术中1例血压出现波动,升高至180/116mmHg,余患者血压均稳定.平均手术时间1.5h,平均术中出血量60 ml.术后2～3d肠功能恢复,1～3d拔尿管,2～3d拔引流管,无明显外科并发症,术后平均7d顺利出院.切除肿瘤3.0 cm×3.5 cm×4.0cm～5.5 cm×5.5 cm×6.0cm,病理诊断均为肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤.术后随访0.5～4年(平均2年),所有患者临床症状消失,彩超及CT检查未见肿瘤复发及恶性变.结论:经腹腹腔镜下手术切除肾上腺髓性脂肪瘤创伤小、疗效满意,为治疗本病的理想方法.     

肾嗜酸细胞瘤的诊治(附三例报告及文献复习)

目的　提高肾嗜酸细胞瘤的诊治水平。　方法　回顾分析 3例肾嗜酸细胞瘤患者的临床资料。临床无特异表现 ,肿瘤大小分别为 7.6cm× 8.5cm× 6 .8cm、10 .0cm× 11.5cm× 9.8cm、10 .0cm× 8.0cm× 6 .8cm ,分别位于左肾下极、右肾上极、右肾下极。CT扫描肿瘤密度均匀一致 ,瘤体中央有星状结构。术前均诊为肾癌而行肾癌根治术。　结果　肉眼观察瘤体边界清楚 ,切面呈棕色或棕褐色 ,均质状 ,无出血及坏死灶。光镜下瘤细胞排列成腺泡状或管状 ,胞质含丰富的嗜酸性颗粒 ,细胞无明显异型性和核分裂相。电镜下胞质内见大量线粒体。免疫组化染色 :Cytokeratin( ) ,EMA( ) ,Vimentin(- )。 3例患者随访 16～ 30个月 ,未见肿瘤复发或转移。　结论　肾嗜酸细胞瘤是一种良性实质性上皮肿瘤 ,临床无特异性 ,诊断需依据病理组织学、免疫组化及电镜特点综合判断。     

肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤1例报告并文献复习

目的:探讨肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床及病理特点。方法:回顾性分析1例肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床资料:男,54岁,体检时B超发现左肾上腺区肿物,CT检查发现6.0cm×5.3cm肾上腺区肿物。肾素、醛固酮、儿茶酚胺实验值均正常。行肾上腺肿物切除术。结果:术中发现肿物体积较大,包膜完整光滑,与周围组织无粘连,肿物表面血管较为丰富,术中触碰肿物,血压无波动,遂完整切除肿物。术后病理检查显示肿瘤细胞嗜酸性,内部充满颗粒,诊断为肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤。随访6个月无复发。结论:肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种具有潜在恶性的良性肿瘤,可手术切除,但术后需密切随访。     

肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤的诊治分析(附三例报告及文献复习)

目的 探讨肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤的临床、病理、免疫组化特性、诊治方法及预后,以提高对该病的诊治水平. 方法 报告经治3例嗜酸细胞瘤患者的临床资料,并结合文献复习进行分析.肿瘤分别位于右肾中上部、左肾上极和左肾肾盂旁,肿瘤大小分别约5.3 cm×4.5 cm、8.2 cm×4.7 cm、6.0 cm×4.8 cm.术前均诊断为肾癌而行肾痛根治术. 结果 肿瘤边界清楚,切面呈棕黄色,质地均匀,无出血及坏死灶.光镜下肿瘤细胞呈圆形或类圆形,细胞均匀一致,排列呈腺泡状或实性片状,胞质含有许多嗜酸性颗粒,细胞无明显异型性和核分裂相.随访10～35个月,均存活. 结论 肾脏嗜酸细胞瘤在临床症状、体征及影像学方面无明显特异性表现,确诊须依靠组织病理学检查以及免疫组化等方法.确诊后治疗以保留肾脏手术为宜,因肿瘤中可能含有恶性成分,术后密切随访很重要.     

肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床病理特征和腹腔镜手术

目的探讨肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床病理特征及微创治疗效果。方法回顾性分析2005年1月～2017年2月肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤4例的临床资料,并进行相关文献复习。女2例,男2例,年龄15～59岁,平均42岁。2例女性表现为男性化,均有多次自然流产史。2例腰背部疼痛。术前CT均提示肾上腺肿瘤,4例均行后腹腔镜肾上腺肿瘤切除术。结果均手术顺利,术后病理测量肿瘤直径3.0～9.0 cm,(5.10±2.76)cm。病理均提示肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤:肿瘤组织嗜酸性明显,大部分区域肿瘤细胞弥漫分布,未见明确核分裂象。均未见出血、坏死、包膜或血管受侵犯。术后随访9～60个月,平均44个月,未见复发。结论肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤体积多较大,绝大多数临床表现多样复杂,极易与其他肾上腺肿瘤混淆,病理方能确诊,微创手术治疗预后较好。     

巨大肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤(附1例报告)

目的 探讨肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤的诊断与治疗方法.方法 报道经治的一例巨大肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤的临床资料,并结合文献复习进行讨论.患者术前血压、血皮质醇等检查均正常,行彻底肿瘤切除.结果 完整切除巨大肿瘤,术后病理证实为右侧肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤,患者术后恢复良好,无并发症发生.结论 肾上腺皮质嗜酸细胞腺瘤属罕见肿瘤,多为良性,缺乏典型的临床表现及实验室检查,手术切除是首先的治疗手段.     

肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤一例报告并文献复习

目的报道1例肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤患者的临床及病理特点。方法患者,男,37岁,体检发现左肾上腺肿物15 d入院。既往否认高血压、低血钾等病史。实验室检查血钾、血儿茶酚胺、血皮质醇、立卧位肾素血管紧张素、醛固酮、尿3-甲基-4-羟基苦杏仁酸、尿17-羟皮质类固醇、17-酮皮质类固醇均正常。B超及CT检查示左肾上腺区肿物,直径约7 cm。术前诊断为左肾上腺区肿物,行后腹腔镜下左肾上腺肿物切除术。结果术中发现肿物体积较大,包膜完整光滑,与周围组织无粘连,肿物表面血管较为丰富,术中碰触肿物,血压无波动,完整切除肿物。术后病理检查示肿瘤细胞嗜酸性,内部充满颗粒,诊断为肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤。随访2个月无复发。结论肾上腺嗜酸细胞腺瘤是一种具有潜在恶性的良性肿瘤,可手术切除,但需密切随访。     

Oncocytic Lipoadenoma of the Salivary Gland: A Clinicopathologic Analysis of 7 Cases and Review of the Literature

Oncocytic lipoadenoma is an exceedingly uncommon neoplasm of the salivary gland composed of oncocytic epithelium and adipose tissue. Retrospective. Seven cases of oncocytic lipoadenoma were analyzed in order to further characterize the clinical and pathologic features of this rare tumor. The patients included six males and one female who ranged from 40 to 83 years of age (mean 62 years) at presentation. All tumors arose in the parotid gland. Grossly, the tumors were solitary, well circumscribed and had light brown to yellow cut surfaces. Histologically, the tumors were composed of an admixed population of oncocytes and adipocytes in varying proportions, with the lipomatous component ranging from 5 to 70 %. Other common features included the presence of serous acini, ductal elements, sebaceous glands, and a patchy chronic inflammation. Clinical follow up information, available in all cases, with a duration of 3–148 months (mean 57 months), showed no evidence of tumor recurrence. Due to its rarity, oncocytic lipoadenoma can pose problems in diagnosis, although the distinctive morphologic features of this neoplasm allow for separation from more commonly recognized oncocytic neoplasms of the salivary glands.     

Adrenocortical oncocytoma. A true nonfunctioning adrenocortical tumor

We studied three cases of adrenocortical neoplasms that were detected incidentally after radiological examination of the abdomen. These cases did not demonstrate any clinical evidence of adrenocortical abnormalities, such as virilization. Macroscopically, the tumors were light to dark tan on cut surface. Light-microscopic examination revealed compact cells with abundant lipid-sparse eosinophilic cytoplasm and occasional enlarged nuclei. In one case, ultrastructural observation demonstrated abundant mitochondria. Immunohistochemical examination of all of the adrenocortical steroidogenic enzymes showed that none of the cases had immunoreactivity. No mitotic activity and no vascular invasion was observed. The postoperative course were uneventful. The follow-up interval varied from 8 to 27 months. These three neoplasms apparently represent the first reported cases of adrenocortical oncocytoma. They can be considered true nonfunctioning adrenocortical neoplasms because steroidogenic enzymes required for corticosteroid biosynthesis were not expressed in the tumor cells.     

应用携带肌肉的小腿内侧皮瓣修复足部软组织缺损

目的探讨应用携带肌肉的小腿内侧皮瓣修复足部软组织缺损的临床效果。方法采用携带肌肉的小腿内侧皮瓣修复足部软组织缺损9例,缺损面积：6cm×8cm～8cm×18cm。供区均选用同侧小腿。皮瓣切取面积：7cm×9cm～10cm×20cm。结果9例皮瓣均一期成活。获随访7例,时间4～13个月,皮瓣质地柔软,供区植皮处无明显瘢痕挛缩,外观及功能均满意。结论该类皮瓣成活率高,操作简单,切取方便,血供可靠,抗感染能力强,是修复足部软组织缺损较理想皮瓣。     

Myxoid neoplasms of the adrenal cortex: a rare histologic variant

The myxoid variant of adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare neoplasm described previously in only two case reports. Because of the rarity of these lesions, the presence of myxoid changes in adrenal cortical neoplasms usually raises the possibility of malignancy. We studied the histopathologic features of 14 cases of myxoid adrenocortical neoplasms, including six adenomas and eight carcinomas. All patients with adenomas with sufficient follow-up (n = 5) were alive with no recurrence of their tumors or evidence of metastatic disease. Four patients with carcinomas died of their disease, two were alive with metastatic disease, and one was alive with no evidence of recurrence or metastatic disease. Histologically, the 14 tumors varied in their myxoid composition, ranging from 10% to 95%. The myxoid foci stained positively with Alcian blue and were usually negative with periodic acid-Schiff and mucicarmine stains. As a group, the immunophenotype of the lesions was typical of other adrenal cortical neoplasms, with positive immunostaining for vimentin, synaptophysin, and alpha-inhibin. One tumor was focally positive for keratin. Myxoid adrenal cortical neoplasms should be included in the differential diagnosis of myxoid retroperitoneal neoplasms. Myxoid changes in adrenal cortical neoplasms may be present in both adenomas and carcinomas, and the usual clinical and histopathologic features for adrenocortical neoplasms should be used to diagnose these neoplasms.     

医用硫酸钙OsteoSet修复颌骨缺损的疗效评价

目的评价医用硫酸钙OsteoSet骨移植替代物在颌骨囊性病变切除后骨缺损治疗中的效果。方法 2009年12月-2010年5月,收治15例颌骨囊性病变患者。其中男9例,女6例;年龄15～75岁,平均36.6岁。患者术前均摄颌骨全景断层片(orthopantomography,OPT)测量囊肿大小,范围为1.5 cm×1.5 cm～8.0 cm×3.0 cm。均采用囊肿刮治术加OsteoSet骨移植替代物移植术进行治疗,术中囊肿切除后骨缺损范围为1.5 cm×1.5 cm×1.5 cm～8.0 cm×3.0 cm×3.0 cm,OsteoSet骨移植替代物植入量为2～15 mL。通过影像学方法评估OsteoSet骨移植替代物的成骨效果。结果术后病理检查提示:根尖周囊肿7例、牙源性角化囊肿5例、含牙囊肿3例。15例均获随访,随访时间6～12个月。13例患者切口Ⅰ期愈合;2例术后引流时间延长,分别为5 d和7 d,经加压包扎处理后切口愈合良好。1例术后1个月复查出现肿胀,无感染症状;无1例出现术后感染和排斥反应。所有患者术后1 d均行X线检查,见材料将骨缺损充填良好;术后1个月颌骨OPT复查发现植入的OsteoSet颗粒吸收近半;术后3个月植入的OsteoSet颗粒全部吸收,原囊腔低密度影面积明显变小,囊腔内高密度影增加明显,囊腔边界模糊;术后6个月原囊腔内影像密度与正常骨组织密度差别不明显,囊腔边界消失,新骨基本充满缺损区。结论医用硫酸钙OsteoSet骨移植替代物是一种理想的骨缺损充填材料。     

Categorizing renal oncocytic neoplasms on core needle biopsy: a morphologic and immunophenotypic study of 144 cases with clinical follow-up. Alderman MA,Daignault S,Wolf JS Jr,Palapattu GS,Weizer AZ,Hafez KS,Kunju LP,Wu AJ. Hum Pathol.September 2016;55:1–10.

There is limited literature on renal oncocytic neoplasms diagnosed on core biopsy. All renal oncocytic neoplasm core biopsies from 2006 to 2013 were, retrospectively, reviewed. Morphologic features and an immunohistochemical panel of CK7, c-KIT, and S100A1 were assessed. Concordance with resection diagnosis, statistical analysis including a random forest classification, and follow-up were recorded. The postimmunohistochemical diagnoses of 144 renal oncocytic core biopsies were favor oncocytoma (67%), favor renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (12%), and cannot exclude RCC (21%). Diagnosis was revised following immunohistochemistry in 7% of cases. The most common features for oncocytoma (excluding dense granular cytoplasm) were nested architecture, edematous stroma, binucleation and tubular architecture; the most common features for favor RCC were sheet-like architecture, nuclear pleomorphism, papillary architecture, and prominent cell borders. High nuclear grade, necrosis, extensive papillary architecture, raisinoid nuclei, and frequent mitoses were not seen in oncocytomas. Comparing the pathologist and random forest classification, the overall out-of-bag estimate of classification error dropped from 23% to 13% when favor RCC and cannot exclude RCC was combined into 1 category. Resection was performed in 19% (28 cases) with a 94% concordance (100% of favor RCC biopsies and 90% of cannot exclude RCC biopsies confirmed as RCC; 83% of favor oncocytomas confirmed); ablation in 23%; and surveillance in 46%. Follow-up was available in 92% (median follow-up, 33 months) with no adverse outcomes. Renal oncocytic neoplasms comprise a significant subset (16%) of all core biopsies, and the majority (78%) can be classified as favor oncocytoma or favor RCC.