中药治疗胃癌前期病变的临床观察

对１２年来２００余例经病理检查产的慢性萎缩性胃炎（ＣＡＧ）患者，根据不同临床分型，以温中和胃为基本大法，配合活血化瘀、清热解药并经物治疗，经过３年反复临床验证，取得良好效果。从资料完整的８０例病例与治疗前比较，其临床疗效；显效４７例，有效２４例，无效９例，有效率８８．７％。胃镜检查；显效４２例，有效２４例，无产１４例，有效率８２．５％，病理组织检查；显效２１例，有效３４例，无效２３例，癌变２例，有     

补气活血汤治疗不稳定型心绞痛的疗效观察

目的：观察补气活血汤治疗不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效。方法：选取门诊病人56例，随机分为治疗组与对照组。两组常规西药治疗相同，治疗组在此基础上加用补气活血汤，每日1剂，分2次于早、晚温服。两组均以1个月为1疗程，治疗1疗程后进行疗效评估。结果：治疗组显效18例(60．0％)，有效11例(36．6％)，无效1例(3．4％)，总有效率为96．6％。对照组显效10例(38．5％)，有效14例(53．8％)，无效2例(7．7％)，总有效率为92．3％。治疗组疗效明显优于对照组。结论：补气活血汤治疗不稳定型心绞痛疗效确切。     

刺五加注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛57例临床分析

目的观察刺五加注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床疗效。方法对照组52例采用基础治疗，治疗组57例在对照组治疗的基础上加刺五加注射液静脉输注治疗，2周后评定疗效。结果治疗组显效38例，有效14例，无效5例，总有效率91．23％；对照组显效31例．有效9例，无效12例，总有效率76．92％：结论刺五加注射液对治疗冠心病心绞痛具有一定疗效。     

儿泻暖脐膏治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻的临床研究

为了观察中药治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻的临床效果，应用儿泻暖脐膏敷脐配合西药常规疗法（简称治疗Ⅰ组）治疗婴幼儿急性腹泻，并与十香暖脐膏敷脐配合西药常规疗法（简称治疗Ⅱ组）及西药常规疗法（简称对照组）对照。结果治疗Ⅰ组102例，治愈61例（59．8％），显效24例（23．5％），有效11例（10．8％），无效6例（5．9％），显效率83．3％，总有效率94．1％；治疗Ⅱ组54例，治愈25例（46．3％），显效15例（27．8％），有效11例（20．4％），无效3例（5．6％），显效率74．1％，总有效率94．4％；对照组55例，治愈22例（40．0％），显效12例（21．8％），有效9例（16．4％），无效12例（21．8％），显效率61．8％，总有效率78．2％。治疗Ⅰ组的治愈率、显效率和总有效率均高于对照组（P＜0．05或P＜0．01）；治疗Ⅱ组总有效率显著高于对照组（P＜0．05）。提示儿泻暖脐膏敷脐配合西药常规疗法能提高临床疗效。     

针药并用治疗失眠病60例

目的：观察针药并用方法治疗失眠病的临床效果。方法：确诊的60例失眠病辨证分型采用针灸加中药并用方法治疗，并设单纯针灸治疗20例为对照组。结果：治疗组痊愈18例，显效24例，有效12例，无效6例，总有效率达90％。对照组痊愈5例，显效6例，有效5例，无效4例（包括未连续治疗者），总有效率80％。两组总有效率比较有显著差异（P〈0．05）。结论：针药并用治疗失眠病疗效满意。     

珍珠养胃膏治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎100例

[目的]观察珍珠养胃膏治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）的临床疗效。[方法]治疗组100例（中重度）CAG患者于珍珠养胃膏（100：E15）g,每个周期的第1、8、15天晚饭后2．5h口服,1个月为1个周期,3个周期为1个疗程。对照组88例CAG患者采用胃复春加阿胶口服。服用2个疗程后,在2周内复查胃镜及病理检查。[结果]治疗组临床疗效,治愈11例,显效36例,有效44例,无效9例,恶化0例,总有效率91．0％;胃镜与病理检查,治愈8例,显效33例,有效46例,无效13例,恶化0例,总有效率87．0％。对照组临床疗效及胃镜和病理检查疗效总有效率均低于治疗组（均P〈0．05）。[结论]珍珠养胃膏治疗CAG疗效显著,无不良反应,无癌变病例发生,服药方便,时间少（每月仅3次）。     

结肠水疗仪治疗功能性便秘的疗效观察

目的观察结肠水疗对功能性便秘的临床疗效。方法将78例功能性便秘患者随机分为两组，对照组给予饮食和生活习惯指导，加用口服莫沙必利片，观察组在对照组基础上加用结肠水疗仪清洗结肠。结果观察组显效21例（52．5％），有效12例（30％），总有效率82．5％，无效7例（17．5％）：对照组显效14例（36．8％），有效10例（26．3％），总有效率63．1％，无效14例（36．9％）。经统计学处理两组总有效率有明显差异（P〈0．05）。结论结肠水疗是一种对功能性便秘具有疗效确切、舒适安全的治疗方法，值得临床推广应用。     

中西医结合治疗慢性肾炎60例疗效分析

目的观察中西医结合治疗慢性肾小球肾炎的临床疗效。方法以延肾汤加常规西药为治疗组（60例）与单纯西药治疗的对照组（30例）进行疗效对照，临床观察12个月。结果治疗组显效23例，有效26例，无效9例，恶化2例，总有效率81．7％。对照组显效5例，有效10例，无效13例，恶化2例，总有效率50．0％。两组比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论延肾汤配合西药常规治疗可延缓慢性肾小球肾炎病情进展，改善患者临床症状。     

东方肝康1号治疗脂肪肝的临床研究

目的观察中药东方肝康1号对脂肪肝的治疗效果并与西药组进行比较．方法脂肪肝患者398例，治疗组360例，其中单纯肥胖性225例，酒精性63例，肝炎性48例，糖尿病性24例，每次服用本院加工中药制剂东方肝康1号口服液20mL，3次/d．对照组38例，每次口服益肝灵77mg，多烯康1．8g，维生素C0．2g，3次／d．疗程均为3mo，治疗结束后，对两组进行比较分析．结果治疗组治愈226例（62．8％），显效84例（23．3％），有效38例（10．6％），无效12例（3．3％），总有效率为96．7％其中酒精性疗效最好，治愈46例（73．0％），显效13例（20．6％），有效3例（4．8％），无效回例（1．6％），，总有效率为98．4％；糖尿病性疗效较差，治愈11例（45．8％），显效5例（20．8％），有效4例（16．7％），无效4例（16．7％），总有效率为83．3％．对照组无1例治愈，显效2例（5．3％），有效11例（28．9％），无效25例（65．8％），总有效率为34．2％．治疗组明显优于对照组（P＜0．01）结论东方肝康1号对脂肪肝有良好的治疗作用，尤其对酒精性脂肪肝疗效较好，对糖尿病性脂肪肝疗效较差，西药保肝降血脂疗法疗效差，不可取．     

难治性原发性高血压126例临床分析

目的：探讨难治性原发性高血压的方法。方法：对126例经内科常规治疗无效或效果不显著的病人，采用24小时动态血压监测指导下的个体化联合药物治疗方案。结果：显效106例（84．12％），有效16例（12．69％），有效率为96．81％，无效仅3．2％（4例）。结论：针对具体病人进行病因，类型，特点分析并正确选择用药，方可取得较好疗效。     

Prevalence of blood-borne viral infections (cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus-6, human herpesvirus-7, human herpesvirus-8, human T-cell lymphotropic virus-I/II, human retrovirus-5) among blood donors in Latvia

The identification of blood-borne viral infections is important in transfusion medicine. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of human herpesvirus (HHV) [cytomegalovirus (CMV), HHV-6, HHV-7 HHV-8] and human retrovirus (HRV) (human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-I/II, HRV-5) infections among apparently healthy Latvian blood donors. DNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) of 150 individuals was tested for herpesviruses by sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. None of the blood donors was positive for HHV-8 infection, while the incidence of latent beta-herpesvirus infections was high: single infection by CMV, HHV-6, and HHV-7 was detected in 2.6%, 8.0%, and 43.3% of blood donors, respectively. Simultaneous dual and triple infections of these viruses were observed in 28.0% and 4.7% of individuals, respectively. Active infection by CMV and HHV-6 was not found, but HHV-7 DNA was present in plasma of 10.6% of the blood donors. While all blood donors were HTLV-II and HRV-5 negative, 4.6% of HTLV-I seronegative blood donors were positive for the HTLV-I tax gene, although none of them harbored sequences for structural genes of the provirus. Based on our results, we conclude that monitoring of beta-herpesvirus infections in blood donors can be important in cases of transfusions to immunocompromised persons. HHV-8, as well as the retroviruses HTLV-II and HRV-5, were not found in blood of Latvian blood donors. More investigations are required to explain the presence of the HTLV-I tax sequence in seronegative blood donors.     

Allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation using haploidentical donor vs. unrelated cord blood donor in pediatric patients: a single-center retrospective study

We retrospectively analyzed outcomes in 67 children with acute leukemia who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from alternative allogeneic donors: 29 received a haploidentical family donor and 38, an unrelated cord blood donor. All transplantations were performed from 1996 through 2010 in our center. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment were significantly delayed after cord blood transplantation. The median times to neutrophil and platelet recovery were 13 d (7-34) and 11 d (5-70) after haploidentical transplant and 20 d (9-125) and 56 d (12-200) after cord blood (P < 0.001). All supportive care measures included red blood cell, and platelet transfusions were significantly increased in cord blood transplantation group.Transplant-related mortality rates was lower with haplo donors (25 ± 9%) than with cord blood donors (47 ± 9%) (P < 0.05). Acute graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) more than grade II was also lower in haploidentical transplants (19 ± 7%) than in cord blood transplants (44 ± 10%) (P < 0.03). Relapse and chronic GVHD incidence were not significantly different in the two groups. Leukemia-free survival was higher after haploidentical transplants (44 ± 10%) than after cord blood transplants (33 ± 7%) (P < 0.03). Main differences were observed in patients diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia: haplo, 41 ± 13%; cord blood, 26 ± 9% (P < 0.03) and in advanced phase of disease: haplo, 37 ± 14%; cord blood, 21 ± 8% (P < 0.05). In conclusion, haploidentical transplants are a good and promising alternative option for patients with childhood leukemia who lack an human leukocyte antigen-matched donor (sibling or unrelated donor).     

Performance of modified blood pressure‐to‐height ratio for diagnosis of hypertension in children: The CASPIAN‐V study

This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and performance of modified blood pressure‐to‐height ratio (MBPHR) for identifying high blood pressure (HBP) in a large population of children. This multicentric cross‐sectional study was conducted on a nationally representative sample of 7349 Iranian students aged 7‐12 years living in 30 provinces in Iran. High systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were defined according to the 2017 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) guidelines. The BP‐to height ratio (BPHR) was calculated as BP (mmHg)/height (cm), MBPHR3 as BP (mmHg)/(height (cm) + 3 (13‐age)), and MBPHR7 as BP (mmHg)/(height (cm) + 7 (13‐age). The receiver‐operating characteristic curve analysis was used to evaluate the performance of these three ratios for identification of HBP in children compared to the 2017 AAP guidelines as the gold standard. Mean age of participants was 12.29 ± 3.15 years and 3736 (50.8%) were girls. The prevalence of HBP was 11.9% (11.5% in boys, 12.3% in girls). The area under the curve (AUC) was higher for MSBPHR3/MDBPHR3 (0.97/0.98) than MSBPHR7/MDBPHR7 (0.96/0.97) and SBPHR/DBPHR (0.96/0.95) for identifying high Systolic and diastolic BP. The optimal cut‐off points for MSBPHR3/MDBPH, MSBPHR7/MDBPHR7, and SBPHR/DBPHR were 0.76/0.50, 0.69/0.46, and 0.81/0.52 respectively. Negative predictive value was nearly perfect for three ratios (≥98%). Positive predictive value was higher for MBPHR3 (52.7%) than MBPHR7 (51.0%) and BPHR (39.8%). Overall, MBPHR3 had better performance than MBPHR7 and BPHR for identification of HBP in Iranian children and it may improve early hypertension recognition and control in primary screening.     

中国七城市脑卒中伴2型糖尿病患者血糖和血压控制状况调查

目的了解中国七城市脑卒中伴2型糖尿病患者血糖和血压控制状况。方法本研究采用多中心横断面调查(现况调查)方法,在2006年7月1日～8月15日期间,以中国七城市19家2、3级医院神经内科门诊连续就诊的缺血性脑卒中和短暂性脑缺血发作的患者2283例作为调查对象。结果脑卒中伴2型糖尿病的患者占25.4%(577/2283);接受降血糖药物治疗者占85.8%(495/577),服用双胍类、黄脲类、α-糖苷酶类及胰岛素的比例分别为38.4%、34.7%、28.3%和23.6%。获得空腹血糖数据的患者占65.0%(375/577),血糖控制良好(4.4～6.1mmol/L)、一般(≤7.0mmol/L)和不良(>7.0mmol/L)的比例分别为26.1%、25.6%和48.3%。获得血压数据的患者占96.5%(557/577),血压达标[<130/80mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)]的患者比例为11.1%,未达标比例为88.9%。结论脑卒中伴2型糖尿病患者血糖和血压控制达标率低,临床医师应当依照临床指南加强对这些患者血糖、血压的控制和管理。     

The performance of modified blood pressure-to-height ratio as a screening measure for identifying children with hypertension

Objectives: This study evaluated the accuracy of modified blood pressure-to-height ratio (MBPHR) for identifying hypertension in Han children aged 7–12 years. Methods: In 2011, anthropometric measurements were assessed in a cross-sectional population-based study of 1352 Han children aged 7–12 years. Elevated blood pressure was defined according to the 2004 National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group definition (as gold standard). The following equations for MBPHR were used: modified systolic blood pressure to height ratio(MSBPHR)?=?SBP(mmHg)/(height(cm)?+?7?×?(13???age(years))), modified diastolic blood pressure to height ratio (MDBPHR)?=?DBP(mmHg)/(height(cm)?+?7?×?(13???age(years))). Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were performed to assess the accuracy of MSBPHR and MDBPHR as diagnostic tests for elevated SBP and DBP, respectively. Results: The accuracy of MSBPHR and MDBPHR (assessed by area under the curve) for identifying elevated SBP and DBP were over 0.85 (0.953–1.000). When elevated blood pressure was defined by MBPHR (age-dependent cut-off point), the sensitivities were 99.1% in boys and 97.0% in girls and the specificities were 89.0% in boys and 92.3% in girls. When elevated blood pressure was defined by MBPHR (non-age-dependent cut-off point), the sensitivities were 96.4% in boys and 99.2% in girls and the specificities were 81.2% in boys and 75.5% in girls. Conclusions: MBPHR is an accurate index for screening hypertension in children, but is not superior to BPHR. Compared with age-dependent BPHR cutoff points, non-age-dependent MBPHR cut-off point is simple but increase the proportion of reexamination.     

Serotyping and multilocus sequence typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from the blood and posterior nares of Japanese children prior to the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

In Japan, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in 2010. To assess the effects of PCV7 on invasive pneumococcal infection in children, a population-based prospective survey has been conducted in 10 prefectures. As a part of the study, blood and nasopharyngeal isolates from children admitted to the Shibata Hospital, Niigata Prefecture, were analyzed for determining the serotypes, their susceptibilities to antimicrobial agents, and multilocus sequence types. Sixteen blood isolates were obtained from October 2007 to December 2009. Sixty-three nasopharyngeal isolates were obtained from the posterior nares of 118 children with pneumonia from April to September 2008. The coverage rates of the blood and nasopharyngeal isolates for PCV7 were 81.3% and 57.1%, respectively. Although none of these children had received PCV7, serotype 19A isolates were recovered from 12.5% (2/16) of the blood samples and 12.7% (8/63) of the nasopharyngeal samples. The sequence type of a nasopharyngeal isolate of serotype 19A was ST320, and the minimum inhibitory concentration of penicillin G was 4 μg/mL. In addition to the continuous prospective survey of pneumococcal infection, early introduction of the 13-valent conjugate vaccine, in which the 19A conjugate is included, will be necessary in Japan.     

支架置入重建血运治疗肾动脉狭窄中期临床结果

目的　评估支架置入重建血运治疗肾动脉狭窄的安全性与近中期临床疗效。方法　1999年至 2003年,我院连续 150例肾动脉严重狭窄的患者,其中男性 93例 ( 62. 0% ),女性 57例(48. 0% ),年龄 13~82岁,平均(52±19)岁, 病因分别为动脉粥样硬化 96例(64 0% )、大动脉炎 44例(29. 3% )和纤维肌性结构不良 10例 (6 .7% ),因严重高血压或伴有肾功能不全而进行了支架置入, 随诊 6个月,观察手术对患者血压、肾功能的影响。结果　150例患者中,支架置入成功 148例(98 7% ),病变处管腔直径狭窄从 65% ~100% (85 .5% ± 12. 3% )降至 0 ~25% ( 7 .6% ±5 2% ),管腔最小直径从 0~2 7mm (1 6±0. 9mm)增至 4 5~8 0mm(6 0 ±1 1mm)。6个月随诊时, 患者血压明显下降(P<0 001), 收缩压从(169 .6±32. 5)mmHg(1mmHg=0 133kPa)降至(142 .7±28 .1)mmHg,舒张压从(97 .3±17 .8)mmHg降至 (83 .3±15. 2)mmHg,服用降压药明显减少 (从2 7种减至 1 9种, P<0 001)。其中 48例(32 0% )治愈, 78例(52 0% )改善, 22例(16. 0% )无效。术后血肌酐改善 34例(22. 7% )、无变化 112例 ( 74 .6% )及恶化 4例 ( 2. 7% ),总体上差异无统计学意义。肾动脉支架置入的手术并发症共 12例(8% )。6个月随诊期间无死亡。结论　支架置入重建血运治疗肾     

延时吸入一氧化氮对慢性缺氧大鼠血流动力学、气体交换及肺组织结构的影响

目的：探讨延时吸入一氧化氮（ＮＯ）对缺氧性肺动脉高压的降压效果、耐受性及毒副作用。方法：以常压间断缺氧法复制了大鼠慢性缺氧性肺动脉高压模型。对１０只正常大鼠和１２只慢性缺氧大鼠吸入８０ｐｐｍ（１ｐｐｍ＝１／１０６）ＮＯ至６小时，用心导管测定其血流动力学，并观察其血气、肺组织学及超微结构的变化。结果：慢性缺氧大鼠吸入ＮＯ２分钟、３０分钟、２小时、４小时和６小时肺血管阻力（ＰＶＲ）分别下降４２．７％、５０．９％、４６．７％、５１．６％和５２．０％，肺动脉平均压（ｍＰＡＰ）分别降低了３２．３％、４０．２％、３９．７％、４４．７％和４３．９％，较相应时间的体血管阻力和体动脉平均压的下降率明显增高（Ｐ均＜０．０１）。但停止吸入ＮＯ２分钟时肺血管阻力和肺动脉平均压又恢复至吸入前水平。吸入ＮＯ对血气、高铁血红蛋白、肺组织学及超微结构均无明显影响。结论：延时吸入ＮＯ（８０ｐｐｍ）至６小时能持续选择性舒张慢性缺氧大鼠的肺血管，且不影响气体交换及肺组织结构。     

The Incidence and Consequences of Cytomegalovirus Transmission via Blood Transfusion to Low Birth Weight, Premature Infants in North East Scotland

In a 2-year study involving 133 premature low birth weight (less than 1,500 g) infants, the impact of CMV infection via blood transfusion was assessed. 8.4% (7 out of 83) of transfused infants and 10% (7 out of 70) of those exposed to seropositive blood acquired CMV. In those less than 1,250 g the infection rate rose to 13.2% (7 out of 46). Seropositive infants were at a higher risk of acquiring CMV infection than seronegative ones. CMV infection did not give rise to specific immediate morbidity, and no deaths were attributed to CMV. The only source of nosocomial CMV infection was the transfused seropositive blood. Based on these findings, it was possible to formulate a CMV transfusion policy to premature infants in our region.     

Does blood pressure differ between users and non-users of hormone replacement therapy? The Women's Health In the Lund Area (WHILA) Study

OBJECTIVE: To examine whether blood pressure over 24 h differed between postmenopausal women receiving and not receiving hormone replacement therapy. METHODS: One group of hormone replacement postmenopausal women (n = 32) and one group of non-hormone replacement (n = 32) postmenopausal women underwent non-invasive 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. They were randomly selected among the 2000 firstly screened women in an ongoing project in Lund, Sweden. The study was designed to detect a difference of 5 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure over 24 h with a power of 80% and 5% significance (two-tailed test). RESULTS: The hormone replacement women had a mean (SD) office blood pressure of 128/76 (12/8) mmHg and the non-hormone replacement 126/78 (16/8) mmHg. Mean ambulatory blood pressure over 24 h, day and night, in the hormone replacement group was 121/72 (11/7), 126/76 (12/8), 111/64 (11/7) mmHg. The corresponding values in the non-hormone replacement group were 118/72 (12/7), 124/77 (12/7), and 107/64 (13/7) (p > 0.40 for diastolic blood pressure and p > 0.20 for systolic blood pressure). Mean heart rate over 24 h was 71 (7) and 73 (8) beats/min in the hormone and non-hormone replacement groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: There was no difference in blood pressure or heart rate between the hormone replacement and non-hormone replacement postmenopausal women, either over 24 h or during the day or night. Hormone replacement in postmenopausal women seems not to have an influence on blood pressure, but of course we are aware that this is a cross-sectional study, which has its limitations.