Spondyloarthropathy and retroperitoneal fibrosis: a case report

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is an uncommon inflammatory condition in which the retroperitoneal tissue is transformed into a tight sheet of fibrous tissue. It can occur in association with various diseases, including rheumatic conditions. We report a new case in a 66-year-old man with spondyloarthropathy. Nine similar cases have been reported. Axial manifestations predominated, and half the patients carried the HLA-B27 antigen. The relation between retroperitoneal fibrosis and spondyloarthropathy remains controversial.     

腹膜后纤维化行腹腔镜输尿管松解腹腔内间置术1例报道

目的 探讨腹膜后纤维化所致肾积水腹腔镜治疗的可行性.方法 报告1例因腹膜后纤维化所致左肾积水行腹腔镜治疗的诊治过程和结果,结合文献复习,探讨采用腹腔镜方法治疗腹膜后纤维化所致肾积水的可行性.55岁女性,间断左下肢浮肿,伴恶心、呕吐5个月,化验检查提示血肌酐和尿素氮进行性上升,血肌酐最高达503μmol/L.CT提示右肾萎缩,左输尿管下段与髂血管相交处狭窄,腹主动脉前与髂内外血管周围软组织影包绕,其上输尿管扩张.术前予以左输尿管双J管置入,手术取右侧半卧位,分别采用脐下1 cm、4 cm和左侧腹外斜肌外侧相同水平2点穿刺置入穿刺套管,腹腔镜自脐下1 cm处套管置人,术中见后腹膜呈板状,灰白色,打开后腹膜,见左输尿管巾段与髂血管周围粘连严重,超声刀仔细分离长度约9 cm,分离松解输尿管与周围组织问粘连,上下各达无粘连处,将此段输尿管放入腹腔内,关闭后腹膜.结果 术后恢复好,5 d切凵拆线,术后1月拔除双J管,拔管后3 h出现腰痛、发热和少尿,予以解痉、镇痛和抗菌治疗2 d后逐渐好转,尿量正常,多次复查肾功能正常,B超提示左肾积水程度逐渐减轻.3个月后复查B超提示左肾积水程度较术前显著减轻,肾功能维持正常.结论 腹膜后纤维化行腹腔镜输尿管松解、腹腔内间置术具有微创、病人痛苦小、术后恢复快的优点.但因有关此种治疗的报告例数少、随访时间较短,今后还需要更多病例和长时间的随访来进行验证其治疗效果.     

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis diagnosed by CT-guided needle biopsy: a case report

A 72-year-old man was admitted to another hospital because of general fatigue and dyspnea secondary to renal insufficiency. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging showed left atrophic kidney, right hydronephrosis, and an intra-pelvic mass of soft-tissue density located anterior to the sacrum, involving the right ureter at the level between the 5th lumber vertebra and the sacrum. He was referred to our hospital after percutaneous nephrostomy was constructed into right kidney. CT-guided needle biopsy revealed the idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, leading us to give him steroid therapy. Three weeks later, radiographic findings showed a remarkable reduction of the mass and the improvement of the right ureteral stricture.     

Hydralazine, hydrochlorothiazide and ampicillin associated with retroperitoneal fibrosis: case report

A case of retroperitoneal fibrosis possibly associated with hydralazine, hydrochlorothiazide and ampicillin therapy is reported.     

A case of retroperitoneal fibrosis

We report a case of retroperitoneal fibrosis. A 75-year-old man complained of edema of bilateral lower limbs and lumbago. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were increased. Renal function was improved after he had bilateral percutaneous nephrostomies. Antegrade pyelography showed bilateral hydronephrosis, left ureteral obstruction and medial deviation with narrowing of the right ureter. CT revealed a soft tissue density surrounding the aorta, inferior vena cava and bilateral ureters in the retroperitoneal space. Inferior venocavagraphy displayed stenosis. Bilateral ureterolysis combined with omental sleeve plasty was performed. Post-operatively, the clinical course has continued to be good.     

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: report of 4 cases

We report 4 cases of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF). Two cases were demonstrated by surgical biopsy, and in one of them ureterolysis was performed at the same time. After pathological diagnosis, these two patients were treated by steroid therapy. The other two patients were suspected to have acute renal failure due to IRF, and they were treated by nephrostomy or by double-J ureteral stent. In one of them retroperitoneal fibrous tissue had almost disappeared on CT examination. None of these 4 patients have had recurrence of IRF.     

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis and ankylosing spondylitis. A new case report

The case of a 52-year-old man with retroperitoneal fibrosis and ankylosing spondylitis is described. Inflammatory low back pain and acute renal insufficiency prompted a computed tomography scan of the abdomen with contrast agent injection. A fibrous sheath surrounding the aorta and attracting the ureters toward the midline was seen, strongly suggesting retroperitoneal fibrosis. The diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis was based on the presence of inflammatory low back pain responsive to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, syndesmophytes at the lumbar and cervical spine, bilateral sacroiliitis, and presence of the HLA-B27 antigen. Prednisone therapy in a daily dosage of 1 mg/kg induced a marked improvement. Only nine cases of concomitant retroperitoneal fibrosis and ankylosing spondylitis have been reported. These two conditions share similarities in some of the etiologic factors and anatomic localizations, suggesting that both may stem from a predisposition to fibrotic diseases.     

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: the case for nonsurgical treatment

OBJECTIVE: To review a 10-year experience of medical treatment for idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF), a rare condition of unknown causes, which may obstruct the ureter and for which treatment includes ureterolysis and relief of obstruction, and medical treatment with steroids with or without immunosuppressive medication. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Of 31 patients with RPF treated between 1996 and 2004, 28 had idiopathic disease. Ureteric stents were used to relieve the obstruction in all patients, 12 had previous nephrostomies, 16 were given steroids and only one was treated with ureterolysis. RESULTS: In all, 28 patients were followed for a mean of 51.17 months; the symptoms were relieved in all cases. Renal function, where impaired, improved dramatically in all patients. Fifteen patients (54%) are free of stents and medication after a mean (range) follow-up of 60.9 (24-110) months. CONCLUSION: Idiopathic RPF responds well to conservative management consisting of relief of urinary tract obstruction and steroids.     

溴隐亭诱发腹膜后纤维化致急性肾损伤一例

腹膜后纤维化(RPF)是一种以腹膜后间隙炎性反应和纤维化为特征的罕见疾病,可以引起输尿管梗阻及急性肾损伤.RPF包括特发性和继发性,目前关于继发性RPF的报道尚不多.溴隐亭是一种麦角生物碱衍生物和多巴胺激动剂,可用于治疗垂体肿瘤、帕金森病、高催乳素血症等.我们首次报道中国大陆因溴隐亭诱发的RPF病例.患者以急性肾损伤、心力衰竭和贫血为主要表现.经血液净化及激素治疗后,患者临床症状缓解,实验室指标恢复正常.     

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis and common bile duct stenosis. A case report

The ordinary manifestations of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) with involvement of the ureters and urinary obstruction are well known. Quite a number of publications have made it clear that this disease process can often also affect organ systems other than the urinary tract--from the trachea and mediastinum to the rectum. The present case report calls attention to the fact that IRF may also be a surgically treatable cause of obstructive icterus.     

腹膜后纤维化的诊断与治疗

目的 探讨腹膜后纤维化致肾积水的病因、诊断及治疗。方法 分别采用将输尿管移于腹腔内、带蒂大网膜包裹以及回肠代输尿管等方法治疗腹膜后纤维化致肾积水5例。结果 随防1－3年,肾功能正常,积水明显好转。结论 静脉尿路造影（IVU）,逆行造影（RGP）以及CT是诊断的主要手段,治疗应根据粘边输尿管的范围、部位、有无管腔闭塞而采取不同的手术方法。     

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: clinicopathologic features and differential diagnosis

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) is a rare disease often causing obstructive uropathy. We evaluated the clinicopathologic features of 24 patients with IRF to characterize the histopathology of the disease and to provide a framework for the differential diagnosis with other retroperitoneal fibrosing conditions. Retroperitoneal specimens were analyzed by light and electron microscopy and by immunohistochemistry. Most patients presented with abdominal/lumbar pain, constitutional symptoms, and high acute-phase reactants. Overall, 20 had ureteral involvement and 13 developed acute renal failure. The retroperitoneal tissue consisted of a fibrous component and a chronic inflammatory infiltrate with the former characterized by myofibroblasts within a type-I collagen matrix. The infiltrate displayed perivascular and diffuse patterns containing lymphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells, and eosinophils. The perivascular aggregates had a central core of CD20(+) cells and a mantle of CD3(+) cells in equal proportions. In the areas of diffuse infiltrate, CD3(+) cells outnumbered the CD20(+) cells. Most plasma cells were positive for the IgG4 isotype. Small vessel vasculitis was found in the specimens of 11 patients. Our study indicates that a sclerotic background with myofibroblasts associated with a diffuse and perivascular infiltrate mainly consisting of T and B lymphocytes may be a pathological hallmark of IRF.     

Computerized tomography in the diagnosis and follow-up of retroperitoneal fibrosis

We report 4 patients with surgically proved idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. Retroperitoneal fibrosis was diagnosed correctly in 3 of the patients by computerized tomography. On the computerized tomogram, retroperitoneal fibrosis demonstrated a characteristic soft tissue mass enveloping the vessels and ureters. In 2 patients, the follow-up computerized tomogram revealed spontaneous resolution of the mass in the retroperitoneal space. Computerized tomography is one of the most useful methods in the preoperative evaluation and postoperative follow-up of this disease.     

Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematoma: a case report

The A.A. present a case report of retroperitoneal spontaneous hematoma and put in evidence the difficulties in making an etiopathogenetic diagnosis of spontaneous renal cyst rupture. The patient was a 72 years old man admitted to the hospital in emergency for a painful ipogastric syntomatology and biliary vomit. The ecography showed a distanced gallbladder and the endoscopy evidenced a duodenal stenosis with compression of the gastric posterior wall, so that we were initially directed towards a pancreatic tumor even if the modest increase of the serum bilirubinemy and mostly the fact that direct component was almost normal, gave us strong doubts. The spiral TC gave finally the diagnosis of retroperitoneal hematoma and the presence of a bilateral polycystic kidney with several subcapsular cyst, let us suggest, as well as the anamnestic report of a physical stress, a renal origin of the bleeding. A wild literature review did not evidence other similar cases, but the ecclusion of other possible causes of retroperitoneal hematoma, suggested this conclusion.     

Huge retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma: a case report

This is a case report of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma in a 61-year-old woman. She presented with a chief complaint of back pain. Computed tomography showed a left huge retroperitoneal tumor. The tumor was removed with left nephrectomy and left hemi-colectomy. Histological examination demonstrated leiomyosarcoma 26 x 20 x 16 cm in diameter and, 3.84 kg in weight. She died of local recurrence causing ileus 2 months after the surgery. Fifty-four cases of retroperitoneal leiomyosarcoma including the present case in the Japanese literature are reviewed.     

Solitary retroperitoneal neurofibroma: a case report

A solitary neurofibroma arising in the retroperitoneal space without any other stagma of von Recklinghausen's disease is reported. Confusion with another nerve sheath tumor, a schwannoma is a diagnostic pitfall. Histochemical and immunohistochemical stainings of the tumor are useful for the diagnosis of solitary neurofibroma.