白内障超声乳化术中后囊破裂原因与处理

目的 探讨白内障施行晶状体超声乳化术中后囊破裂的原因及处理.方法 白内障行超声乳化术825例(896眼).对术中39例(39眼)后囊破裂进行分析.结果 术中39例(39眼)出现后囊破裂(4.35％),其中发生于撕囊时4例,水分离时5例,超声乳化过程中27例,吸出皮质时3例.经适当处理均同期植入人工晶体.术后视力≥0.3者29例(74.36％).术后12例(30.77％)角膜水肿,均在l周内恢复.结论 晶状体后囊破裂是超声乳化术中常见的并发症,可发生于多个步骤,术中及时发现后囊破裂并正确处理,仍可能获得较好的视力.     

超声乳化手术中晶状体后囊破裂的处理

目的 评价白内障行超声乳化手术中晶状体后囊破裂的处理方法.方法 547例(634眼)白内障进行超声乳化手术中发生后囊破裂的13眼(2.05％),根据其后囊破裂发生的不同时段、是否有核块坠入玻璃体等情况,采取不同的处理方法.结果 13眼术后3个月最佳矫正视力均≥0.5,其中2眼于白内障手术后3周行玻璃体切除手术.结论 超声乳化术中晶状体后囊破裂后应积极处理,恰当有效的处理方法不但可以消除后囊破裂所致并发症,而且还能获得较好的视力.     

小切口白内障摘出术中后囊破裂的分析及处理

目的探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术中后囊破裂的原因及处理措施。方法对1320例（1470眼）老年性白内障行小切口非超声乳化摘出术联合人工晶状体植入术发生后囊破裂79例进行分析总结。结果后囊破裂79例（79眼）中,切口不当的2例,撕囊不当的12例,水分离不当的2例,娩核不当42例,冲洗皮质不当17例,植入人工晶状体不当4例。根据不同情况,采取人工晶状体囊袋内植入37例,睫状沟植入32例,缝线固定10例。结论术中晶状体后囊破裂是白内障摘出术联合人工晶状体植入术中常见的并发症,及时发现并正确处理,仍能取得良好的效果。     

基层医院初期开展白内障超声乳化术的体会

目的 回顾分析基层医院如何顺利开展白内障超声乳化手术.方法 对白内障行超声乳化联合人工晶状体植入手术47例(49眼)进行总结分析.结果 术后视力:49眼术后1d裸眼视力≥0.3者34眼(69.39％),术后7d裸眼视力≥0.5者41眼(83.67％).术中术后并发症主要为后囊破裂,悬韧带断裂,虹膜脱色素,角膜水肿等,人工晶状体植入囊袋内41眼,植入睫状沟8眼.结论 基层医院只要设备齐全,医生培训到位,就能逐步地开展白内障超声乳化吸出及人工晶状体植入手术.     

高度近视白内障表面麻醉下超声乳化手术

目的 探讨高度近患者白内障表面麻醉下超声乳化人工晶状体植入术的安全性及疗效.方法 对59例(71眼)高度近视合并白内障进行表面麻醉下超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,观察术中疼痛感、并发症及手术效果.结果 61眼(85.92％)无疼痛、6眼(8.45％)有轻微胀痛、4眼(5.63％)感胀痛,1眼发生后囊破裂,无视网膜脱离发生.术后3个月视力0.3以上者占67.6％,0.5及以上者占36.6％.结论 表面麻醉下高度近视行白内障超声乳化及人工晶状体植入术疗效可靠、并发症少.     

白内障超声乳化吸除术中晶状体后囊破裂的临床分析及处理

目的:分析白内障超声乳化吸除术中晶状体后囊破裂的原因及处理措施。方法:收集326例377眼施行白内障超声乳化人工晶状体植入术,对术中23例23眼发生晶状体后囊破裂的原因进行分析和总结。结果:选取377眼白内障超声乳化手术中,有23眼发生晶状体后囊破裂,发生率为6.1%,术后视力≥0.3者17例(73.9%)。结论:掌握晶状体后囊破裂的危险因素,尽可能的避免晶状体后囊破裂的发生,及时发现并选择恰当的处理方法,可以减少并发症的发生,提高患者术后视力。     

小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术中后囊破裂人工晶状体一期植入临床观察

【摘目的探讨小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术中发生后囊破裂人工晶状体一期植入的安全性和有效性。方法对346例（381眼）行小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术,术中发生晶状体后囊破裂2l眼,其中18眼一期植入后房人工晶状体,3眼未植入人工晶状体,观察后囊破裂人工晶状体一期植人病例的并发症及术后3月视力。结果一过性眼压升高3眼（16．67％）,角膜水肿16眼（88．89％）,人工晶状体轻度偏位2眼（11．11％）,瞳孔欠圆、轻度移位5眼（27．78％）,术后3月最佳矫正视力≥O．5者13眼（72．22％）,无严重并发症发生。结论小切口非超声乳化白内障摘出术中后囊破裂时,视具体情况后房型人工晶状体一期植入是安全的,并可取得较好的视力。     

翻转核晶状体超声乳化摘除术中后囊膜观察

目的探讨白内障超声乳化术中翻转核技术防止后囊破裂效果和手术技巧。方法对67例(72只眼)白内障实行翻转核技术白内障超声乳化摘除联合人工晶状体植入术,观察术中后囊膜保护情况。结果67例(72只眼)术中均保持后囊完整,无一例后囊膜破裂。结论白内障超声乳化术中翻转晶状体核增加了核与后囊的间隙,能有效防止后囊破裂发生,手术技巧是手术成功的关键。     

白内超声乳化术中晶状体后囊破裂原因分析

目的探讨分析白内障超声乳化术中晶状体后囊破裂的原因.方法分析了844例(1141眼)的白内障超声乳化手术中的晶状体后囊的情况.结果在1141眼中有15眼发生晶状体后囊破裂,发生率为1.31%.结论后囊破裂原因为①晶状体前囊撕囊的不连续性;②前房浪涌;③超声乳化头直接乳化后囊表面板层核块;④超声乳化头部分封堵后产生的负压梯度对后囊的吸引.     

超声乳化白内障吸除术中晶状体后囊膜破裂的原因和处理方法

晶状体后囊膜破裂是白内障摘除术中比较常见的并发症 ,可合并玻璃体脱出 ,其发生率约为 3% [1,2 ] 。本研究总结了 35例白内障患者在超声乳化白内障吸除术中晶状体后囊破裂的原因 ,以及术中采用的处理方法和技术。现将结果报告如下。一、资料和方法1.一般资料 :收集 1997年 7月至 1999年 7月在我院行超声乳化白内障吸除术的老年性白内障患者 15 98例 (180 0只眼 ) ,其中晶状体后囊膜破裂 35例 (35只眼 ) ,占 1 90 %。男 13例 (13只眼 ) ,女 2 2例 (2 2只眼 ) ;年龄 4 6～ 78岁 ,平均6 2岁。术前均无眼科手术史。晶状体核硬度 :Ⅱ级 7只眼 ,…     

Strabisme Alternant - Etude clinique - traitement

The author defines motor and sensory alternation: the term alternation should not be used in isolation, it should always be accompanied by the name of the parameter concerned. Sensory alternation is always found together with motor alternation but the reverse is not true.The examining criteria for a diagnosis of sensory alternation are given, sensory alternation must not be confused with alternating inhibition. Working from clinical observations of cases of motor alternating strabismus, the author selects 2 types of binocular sensory relations which allow one to differentiate between:- cases of primary alternating strabismus- cases of secondary alternating strabismusThese forms will develop in different ways; in both cases a cure is possible providing that the right treatment is prescribed and once prescribed carefully followed, etc. It is always a case of serious forms of strabismus whose developmental period is spread over several years.According to the authors, the frequency of cases of true primary strabismus is from 1–3%, the frequency of cases of secondary alternating strabismus varies according to the type of therapy practised on cases of monocular strabismus with amblyopia. These latter will become cases of alternating strabismus under the influence of certain types of therapy carried out over several years (penalization, rocking, alternated occlusion, etc...).Experimental data on kittens confirm clinical data; kittens placed in abnormal environments during the sensitive period will show modification in the distribution of cortical cells and the absence of binocular cells (either because the excitation of the two eyes was not simultaneous, or not identical: artificial strabismus, occlusion, opaque glasses). This disturbances become irreversible after a certain period of exposure (a function of age, length of exposure, etc...).It is thus necessary to bear in mind: 1) the iatrogenic risks of certain orthoptic treatments, 2) the necessity for a binocular form of treatment as soon as possible, as once a certain stage is passed, cortical plasticity diminishes and the elaboration of normal binocular relations becomes impossible.

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Effects of Adenosine Agonists on Intraocular Pressure and Aqueous Humor Dynamics in Cynomolgus Monkeys

The effects of single or multiple topical doses of the relatively selective A₁adenosine receptor agonists (R)-phenylisopropyladenosine (R-PIA) and N⁶-cyclohexyladenosine (CHA) on intraocular pressure (IOP), aqueous humor flow (AHF) and outflow facility were investigated in ocular normotensive cynomolgus monkeys. IOP and AHF were determined, under ketamine anesthesia, by Goldmann applanation tonometry and fluorophotometry, respectively. Total outflow facility was determined by anterior chamber perfusion under pentobarbital anesthesia. A single unilateral topical application of R-PIA (20–250 μg) or CHA (20–500 μg) produced ocular hypertension (maximum rise=4.9 or 3.5 mmHg) within 30 min, followed by ocular hypotension (maximum fall=2.1 or 3.6 mmHg) from 2–6 hr. The relatively selective adenosine A₂antagonist 3,7-dimethyl-1-propargylxanthine (DMPX, 320 μg) inhibited the early hypertension, without influencing the hypotension. Neither 100 μg R-PIA nor 500 μg CHA clearly altered AHF. Total outflow facility was increased by 71% 3 hr after 100 μg R-PIA. In conclusion, the early ocular hypertension produced by topical adenosine agonists in cynomolgus monkeys is associated with the activation of adenosine A₂receptors, while the subsequent hypotension appears to be mediated by adenosine A₁receptors and results primarily from increased outflow facility.