后外侧微创切口全髋置换术与常规全髋置换术比较

目的 探讨后外侧小切口人工全髋关节置换术的技术要点及临床疗效. 方法 采用髋关节后外侧单一小切口对16例16髋进行微创全髋关节置换术,同期采用23例23髋常规后外侧入路行全髋关节置换术. 结果 术后随访6~24个月,平均18.2 个月.微创组切口长度、术后住院时间、术后1个月Harris评分明显优于常规组(P<0.05);而两组手术时间、出血量、术后3个月Harris评分、髋臼假体外展角、髋臼假体前倾角、髋臼-假体黏附率及股骨-假体三点固定率无统计学差异(P>0.05).微创组术后关节位置良好,疗效满意. 结论 后外侧入路微创全髋关节置换术具有对软组织损伤小、术后疼痛轻、恢复快等优点,但其操作复杂,技术要求高,应由拥有丰富经验的医院及医生开展.由于本组观察时间较短,其长期疗效有待于进一步观察.     

Hardinge直接外侧入路微创切口全髋关节置换

目的探讨Hardinge直接外侧入路微创切口在全髋关节置换术中的初步应用。方法于2007年3月至2009年12月开展Hardinge直接外侧入路微创全髋关节置换术28例,应用小切口技术,从臀中肌与阔筋膜张肌间隙进入,保留后方关节囊与肌肉完整性,两步法进行股骨颈截骨,合理使用特殊体位及器械安置髋臼及股骨假体。结果 28例患者随访时间平均25个月,手术切口平均长度9.5cm;术中平均出血量240ml,术后平均引流量90ml;术中1例发生股骨假体周围骨折,1例发现髋臼前缘缺损。下地活动时间平均7d,术后6个月Harris评分平均值从术前46.2提高为88分。结论 Hardinge入路应用于微创全髋关节置换术,可获得满意的临床疗效。     

改良前外侧切口在全髋关节置换术中的应用体会

目的:介绍一种改良前外侧入路行全髋关节置换术。方法:回顾28例股骨颈骨折行人工全髋关节置换术的患者,采用改良前外侧入路,患者平卧位,经阔筋膜张肌与臀中、小肌间隙显露股骨头、颈及髋臼,实施髋关节人工假体置换。结果:采用此手术入路,平均手术时间90分钟,平均出血量约400ml,术中便于观察髋臼及股骨颈前倾角,不需切断任何肌肉,术后无1例出现与切口有关的并发症。结论:该入路对髋关节周围软组织损伤小,术中便于操作,术后并发症少,适用于人工全髋关节置换术。     

后外侧微创切口全髋置换术与常规全髋置换术的比较

目的探讨后外侧小切口人工全髋关节置换术的可行性及其临床疗效。方法采用髋关节后外侧单一小切口对19例19髋进行微创全髋关节置换术,同期采用26例26髋常规后外侧入路行全髋关节置换术。结果术后随访6。24个月,平均16．8个月;微创组切口长度、出血量、术后住院时间、术后1个月Harris评分,明显优于常规组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;而两组手术时间、术后3个月Harris评分、髋臼假体外展角、髋臼假体前倾角、髋臼一假体黏附率及股骨一假体三点固定率,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;微创组术后关节位置良好,疗效满意。结论后外侧入路微创全髋关节置换术具有对软组织损伤小、术后疼痛轻、恢复快等优点,拥有丰富临床经验的医院及医生可进一步开展该手术。     

97例外侧入路全髋关节置换术体会

目的 观察分析外侧切口进行全髋关节置换的手术效果.方法 97例患者采用外侧切口行全髋置换术,术后随访3个月-6年,并以Harris法进行功能评定. 结果 97例患者手术选用外侧切口,术中暴露满意,出血少,三个月后患肢功能恢复良好,无髋外展无力和髋关节脱位现象.X线片显示假体位置良好,一例假体松动,一例术后感染,优良率达98%. 结论外侧切口进行全髋置换术具有入路创伤小,暴露良好,术后并发症少,患肢功能恢复好等优点,值得推广.     

改良Watson-Jones入路微创全髋关节置换术22例体会

目的 探讨改良Watson-Jones入路微创全髋关节置换术(THA)的技术要点和临床效果.方法 采用小切口经后外侧入路行全髋置换术22例(24髋);术前术后髋关节功能评定按Harris评分.评估内容包括切口长度、手术持续时间、术中失血量、术中和术后并发症及手术效果.结果 全部患者术后随访8～15个月,髋关节Harris评分均较术前提高.切口平均长度为9.5 cm,平均手术时间105 min,平均术中失血量500 ml.无伤口感染、骨折及血管神经损伤等并发症,随访时骨盆X线片未发现有假体松动、移位、断裂等迹象,大多数患者1个月后无需持拐辅助行走.结论 改良Watson-Jones入路微创全髋关节置换术不损伤周围肌肉、创伤小、术后恢复快、并发症少且几乎无后脱位.     

后外侧单切口入路微创全髋关节置换术的临床报告

目的:报告后外侧入路微创全髋关节置换术的可行性和初步疗效。方法:自2002年8月至2005年8月,采用后外侧入路微创技术完成21例全髋置换术。结果:手术切口7.5cm~12cm,平均8cm;手术时间50分钟~90分钟,平均65分钟;术中出血量200ml~500ml,平均270ml;术后均放负压引流,24小时平均引流量100ml~350ml,(平均150ml)。平均随访时间2.5年(1年~4年),未发生全身及局部并发症。结论:后外侧入路单切口微创行全髋关节置换具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快,是值得推荐的微创全髋关节置换技术。     

微创小切口全髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折64例

目的:探讨微创小切口全髋关节置换术治疗老年股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法:采用后外侧小切口对64例老年股骨颈骨折行全髋关节置换术,观察围手术期的出血量、手术时间、切口长度、术后Harris评分及并发症。结果:本组64髋,手术切口平均9.5cm,平均手术时间为97min,术中平均出血375ml,术后24h引流量260ml,术后12月Harris评分平均91.3分。结论:微创小切口人工全髋关节置换术创伤小、出血少,术后功能恢复快,临床效果满意。     

前外侧入路微创全髋关节置换和半髋关节置换术后股骨颈骨折愈合及患肢疼痛程度的比较

目的:研究前外侧入路微创全髋关节置换和半髋关节置换术后股骨颈骨折愈合及患肢疼痛程度的差异。方法:选择2013年5月~2015年12月期间在我院接受髋关节置换手术的92例股骨颈骨折患者,随机分为全髋组和半髋组,全髋组患者接受前外侧入路微创全髋关节置换术,半髋组患者接受前外侧入路微创半髋关节置换术,术后1个月时采集血清并测定骨代谢标志物、骨细胞细胞因子、P物质(SP)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的含量。结果:术后1个月时,全髋组患者血清中Ⅰ型胶原氨基端前肽(PINP)、Ⅰ型胶原羧基端前肽(PICP)、骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)、转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)、成纤维细胞生长因子(FGF)、胰岛素样生长因子-I(IGF-I)、IGF-Ⅱ的含量显著高于半髋组,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶5b(TRAP5b)、组织蛋白酶K(CatK)含量显著低于半髋组;手术后当天,两组血清中疼痛介质SP、CGRP的含量无显著差异;手术后36h时,全髋组患者血清中SP、CGRP的含量均显著低于半髋组。结论:前外侧入路微创全髋关节置换术后的骨代谢情况优于半髋关节置换术、疼痛程度弱于半髋关节置换术。     

髋关节发育不良的全髋关节置换术

目的评价全髋关节置换术治疗先天性髋关节发育不良的近、中期疗效。方法48例(67髋)先天性髋关节发育不良患者行全髋关节置换术，随访44例63髋，平均随访时间为5．3年(2～9年)。按Crowe分类，I型18例24髋，Ⅱ型15例20髋，Ⅲ型6例10髋，Ⅳ型5例9髋。手术采用后外侧切口，除I例CroweⅣ型(2髋)外，髋臼侧均在真臼水平重建髋臼并使用非骨水泥型假体，股骨侧3例4髋选用骨水泥型假体，其余均选用非骨水泥型假体。结果2髋术后脱位经保守治疗而愈。2髋术中小转子上方襞裂骨折，但股骨假体稳定。4髋有异位骨化，其中BrookⅡ型3髋，Ⅲ型1髋。随访期内未发现感染、假体松动、坐骨神经损伤等并发症。髋关节功能评分(Harris评分)术前平均为45分，术后平均为89分。结论后外侧入路、真臼水平重建髋臼是先天性髋关节发育不良全髋关节置换术安全、有效的手术技术。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.