人纤维蛋白原制剂中蛋白质含量测定方法的探究

目的：探究适宜的人纤维蛋白原制剂中蛋白质含量测定方法。方法：分别应用《中国药典》三部（2010年版）中蛋白质测定法项下三氯醋酸沉淀法和两种改良后的三氯醋酸法测定6批人纤维蛋白原制剂中的蛋白质含量,比较三种方法的稳定性和平行性。结果：改良后的三氯醋酸沉淀2法[用三氯醋酸代替《中国药典》三部（2010年版）钨酸钠沉淀法中钨酸钠和硫酸溶液]的稳定性和平行性明显比《中国药典》三部（2010年版）中蛋白质测定法项下三氯醋酸沉淀法和改良后的三氯醋酸沉淀3法更好,相对标准偏差（RSD）更低。结论：改良后的三氯醋酸沉淀2法更适合人纤维蛋白原制剂中蛋白质含量的测定。     

Augmentation techniques for isolated meniscal tears

Meniscal tears are relatively common injuries sustained by athletes and non-athletes alike and have far reaching functional and financial implications. Studies have clearly demonstrated the important biomechanical role played by the meniscus. Long-term follow-up studies of post-menisectomy patients show a predisposition toward the development of degenerative arthritic changes. As such, substantial efforts have been made by researchers and clinicians to understand the cellular and molecular basis of meniscal healing. Proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to have a catabolic effect on meniscal healing. In vitro and some limited in vivo studies have shown a proliferative and anabolic response to various growth factors. Surgical techniques that have been developed to stimulate a healing response include mechanical abrasion, fibrin clot application, growth factor application, and attempts at meniscal neovascularization. This article discusses various augmentation techniques for meniscal repair and reviews the current literature with regard to fibrin clot, platelet rich plasma, proinflammatory cytokines, and application of growth factors.     

Comparison of three methods for total homocysteine plasma determination

Hyperhomocysteinemia is a well established risk factor for atherothrombotic disease, and the request for homocysteine determinations and the number of laboratories that need to perform this assay to assess individual risk profile is increasing. Different methods to evaluate homocysteine plasma levels are at present available. In the present study three methods, an in-house high-pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method (considered as reference method) and two commercial immunoassays, an enzyme-linked immunoassay (EIA) and an automated fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA), were used to measure homocysteine plasma levels in 100 samples. The median of homocysteine plasma levels obtained by HPLC was 9.0 micromol/L (range 4.2-23.0); the median of values obtained by EIA and FPIA were 10.6 micromol/L (range 3.3-21.5) and 9.6 micromol/L (4.8-20.2), respectively. The FPIA method showed the lowest within-run and between-run coefficients of variation (3.6% and 4.1%, respectively). There was a significant correlation between EIA and HPLC (r=0.81; p<0.0001), and between FPIA and HPLC (r=0.85; p<0.0001). The Bland-Altman analysis showed that FPIA agreed best with HPLC; EIA displayed a relatively wide scatter of difference data points. The present results indicate that the technological characteristics of the FPIA assay make this method suitable for the determination of Hcy in clinical laboratories.     

Comparison of three single-person manual patient techniques for bed-to-wheelchair transfers

The uniqueness of the home environment still requires home health clinicians to lift and transfer patients manually, tasks that are known to cause back injuries. Three manual patient transfers were evaluated to establish the technique with the least risk to the low back. Patient and worker perceptions as well as preferences, exposure duration, and a biomechanical low back evaluation are presented, together with transfer technique recommendations.     

3种C反应蛋白检测方法的比较

目的：比较3种检测 C 反应蛋白方法的检测结果。方法收集该院100例就诊患者,分别采用3种不同的 C 反应蛋白检测方法分析血液中 C 反应蛋白浓度。结果相关性分析表明,免疫比浊法和免疫层析法检测结果的相关性较高（r ＝0．9920）。方差分析发现,采用免疫比浊法检测的 C 反应蛋白浓度正常者中,个体间 C 反应蛋白浓度间差异有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）,而 C 反应蛋白异常者中,个体间差异不显著（P ＞0．05）,所有受试对象个体间 C 反应蛋白浓度差异也具有统计学意义（P ＜0．05）。结论C 反应蛋白检测对于诊断炎症有重要意义。     

三种自动化免疫分析系统测定HBV血清标志物结果比较

目的　探讨不同的自动化免疫分析系统检测乙肝病毒血清标志物结果的一致性。方法　采用AxSYM、Elecsys 2 0 1 0和ARCHITECTi2 0 0 0三种自动化免疫分析系统分别对 1 2 0例随机选择的住院患者血清标本进行乙肝表面抗原 (HBsAg)及其抗体 (抗 HBs)、乙肝核心抗体 (抗 HBc)、乙肝e抗原 (HBeAg)及其抗体 (抗 HBe)等五项血清标志物测定 ,并以AxSYM结果为参照 ,计算三种方法所获结果的符合率。结果　对 1 2 0例随机血清标本 ,Elecsys 2 0 1 0与AxSYM比较测定结果符合率分别为HBsAg 99.2 %、抗 HBs 85 .8%、抗 HBc 87.5 %、HBeAg 99.2 %、抗 HBe 90 .0 % ;ARCHITECTi2 0 0 0与AxSYM比较测定结果符合率分别为HBsAg 1 0 0 % ,抗 HBs96 .7%、抗 HBc 91 .7%、HBeAg1 0 0 %以及抗 HBe95 8%。Elecsys 2 0 1 0与AxSYM测定抗 HBs的相关系数r =0 .90 ,ARCHITECTi2 0 0 0与AxSYMr =0 .98。Elecsys 2 0 1 0与AxSYM测定HBV五项标志物模式符合率为 6 5 .8% ,ARCHITECTi2 0 0 0与AxSYM测定五项标志物模式符合率为 85 .0 %。结论　三种方法测定HBV结果有一定差异 ,主要存在于三项抗体标志物以及低浓度抗原标志物的测定 ,有待进一步标准化     

早产儿不同部位动脉采血的比较

目的 比较临床上常用的3种早产儿动脉采血方法,探讨最佳采血部位.方法 将152例早产儿分成3组,A组50例,采用胫后动脉采血,B组49例,采用桡动脉采血,C组53例,采用股动脉采血.记录3组穿刺成功率、操作各阶段所需时间及惠儿哭泣次数和哭泣时长.结果3组穿刺成功率比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);A组在准备阶段、穿刺阶段和止血阶段所需时间明显短于其他两组(P＜0.05);A组与B组总耗时差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而与C组的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);3组惠儿哭泣次数的差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),而哭泣时长的差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),A组明显短于其他两组.结论 早产儿经胫后动脉采血穿刺成功率高,关键阶段所需时间短,对患儿疼痛刺激小.     

Comparison of 3-kit methods for determination of human chorionic somatomammotropin by radioimmunoassay.

1. Three commercially available kit procedures for human chorionic somatomammotropin (HCS) were investigated. 2. The comparison of the methods included procedure, accuracy, precision, sample requirement and time required for analyses. 3. While one kit gave significantly higher values and requires more time to obtain results, each of 3 procedures was concluded to provide clinically useful information.     

Comparison of platelet count and platelet protein methods for determination of platelet MAO activity.

Platelet monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity in 10 normal volunteers was studied as a function of platelet protein or electronically-determined platelet counts. Comparisons of the two methods were made for samples assayed on the same day as well as one week later. The MAO activities resulting from both methods were significantly correlated and reproducible but the results of the platelet count method were, in most instances, slightly but significantly more reliable than the platelet protein method. The relevance of these results to the controversy concerning platelet MAO activity in schizophrenia is discussed.     

Comparison of two methods for rapid determination of C-reactive protein with the Tina-quant

C-reactive protein (CRP) as an acute phase protein is an important diagnostic marker for the presence and course of human processes. Out of the acute phase proteins it is one of those the concentrations increase most rapidly with its sensitivity being superior to other markers of inflammation, such as leukocytosis, erythrocytic sedimentation rate, and fever. This study compared two-point-of-care assays with the standard laboratory method Tina-quant CRP processed on a Hitachi 917: the immunofiltration assay NycoCard CRP Whole Blood and the turbidimetric immunoassay Micros CRP. Both methods are carried in the presence of a patient, by using capillary or venous blood. Seventy-eight blood samples were analyzed first in the standard laboratory routine and then by both rapid test assays. The precision of both assays was determined from the confidence interval. The results were statistically analyzed by arithmetic standard deviation mean method, variation coefficient, Spearman correlation index, Wilcoxon and Bland-Altman tests, and Passing-Bablock regression. NycoCard CRP Whole Blood showed a correlation coefficient of R = 0.9838; the precision had a coefficient of variation of CV = 1.8759% while As compared with Tina-quant CRP had R = 0.9934 and CV = 0.9160%. Both assays indicated the same results as Tina-quant CRP. Both Tina-quant CRP and NycoCard CRP Whole Blood give the best fit for the rapid determination of CRP.     

Comparison of Coomassie Brilliant Blue protein dye-binding assays for determination of urinary protein concentration

We investigated the influence of assay protocol upon results of Coomassie Brilliant Blue protein dye-binding assays for urinary protein. Sensitivity and working range for, and linearity of response (including dilution dependence) of, three standard assays and four micro assays to bovine albumin, gamma-globulin, and urine are compared. The Read and Northcote standard assay (Anal Biochem 1981; 116:53-64) appears to be the method of choice.     

Comparison of three techniques for concentrating positive BACTEC 13A bottles for mycobacterial DNA probe analysis

Three methods of concentrating 1 ml aliquots from BACTEC 13A bottles containing patient blood samples were evaluated for testing with the Gen-Probe Rapid Diagnostic System for Mycobacteria avium complex: 1. using no reagents, 2. using both lysing and wash reagents; and 3. using lysing reagent only. Aliquots from 13As containing human blood and seeded with eight mycobacterial species were also concentrated directly and using both reagents. Results for samples containing M. avium were as follows: 1. using the direct concentration technique 34 of 47 samples (72%) gave unequivocally positive results; 2. 43 of 47 samples (92%) concentrated using both reagents gave positive results; 3. the technique using lysing reagent only was not found useful. There were no false positives with any of the seeded specimens. We were also able to define the minimum Growth Index necessary to ensure un-equivocally positive results for each concentration technique. For those samples containing M. avium these values were 42 for the technique using both reagents and 86 for the direct technique. Direct or reagent concentration of 13A aliquots for testing with Gen-Probe DNA probes provides a rapid, sensitive, and specific means for the identification of M. avium complex bacteremia.     

三种超声技术检测颈动脉血流量的比较研究

目的探讨CDFI、能量多普勒成像(PDI)及B-flow三种技术在颈动脉血流量检测中的差异,推举三者中最佳的检查方案。方法使用CDFI、PDI及B-flow分别观测35例健康志愿者颈总动脉、颈内动脉及椎动脉内径、收缩期峰值流速(PSV)、舒张末期流速(EDV)、阻力指数(RI)、时间平均血流速度(TAMEAN)及血流量,比较三者所测血流量的差异。结果 CDFI、PDI及B-flow检测颈总动脉、颈内动脉及椎动脉PSV、EDV、RI及TAMEAN之间的差异均无统计学意义;检测颈总动脉、颈内动脉及椎动脉内径和血流量之间的差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05),其中PDI检测数值最大,其次为CDFI,B-flow检测数值最小。结论颈动脉内径的检测对于准确检测血流量至关重要。三种超声技术在检测颈动脉内径及血流量中,PDI检测数值最大,其次为CDFI,B-flow无血流外溢,检测的内径及血流量应较为准确。     

Comparison of enzyme immunoassay and gas chromatography for determination of carbamazepine and ethosuximide in human serum.

Patients' sera were analyzed for carbamazepine and ethosuximide by enzyme immunoassay (x) and gas chromatography (y), and the results were compared. The correlation coefficients were: for carbamazepine, x vs. y 0.94 (n = 93); for ethosuximide, x vs. y 0.99 (n = 30). These results suggest that the two methods could be used interchangeably. Ten serum samples supplemented with carbamazepine (2.5 to 12.5 mg/liter) and ethosuximide (20.0 to 130.0 mg/liter) were analyzed by both methods. The correlation coefficients were: x vs. y 0.99 (n = 10) for carbamazepine and x vs. y 0.99 (n =10) for ethosuximide.