缝合神经的指固有动脉背支血管链皮瓣修复指远端皮肤缺损

目的 探讨缝合神经的指固有动脉背支血管链皮瓣修复指远端皮肤缺损的疗效.方法 2008年12月至2009年11月,对24例26指指远端皮肤缺损患者,以指固有动脉背侧支形成的血管链为血供,于近节指体侧方设计皮瓣,皮瓣轴线为指体侧方中线,皮瓣蒂宽0.8～1.0cm,皮瓣转折点为中节指体中远端,逆行转移修复指远端皮肤缺损,皮瓣携带指固有神经背侧支或指背神经与创面指神经断端进行缝合修复,重建手指感觉.结果 术后26指皮瓣均存活.随访时间为6～8个月,皮瓣外形理想,质地良好,感觉恢复优良,两点分辨觉为4～8 mm,患指指间关节平均活动度恢复优良.结论 采用缝合神经的指固有动脉背支血管链皮瓣修复指远端皮肤缺损,操作简单,血供可靠,不牺牲指固有动脉、神经,供区损伤小,术后并发症少,并能重建感觉,是一种理想的手术修复方法.

Abstract：

Objective To explore the effect of using proper digital artery lateral cutaneous branch-chain flap with dorsal digital nerves or dorsal branch of proper digital nerye for repairing of fingertip defect.Methods From December 2008 to November 2009, 24 cases (26 digits) of fingertip defect were treated with proper digital artery lateral cutaneous branch-chain flap.The flap was designed on the lateral side of the proximal phalanx of the injured finger with its long axis running on the lateral midline of the finger.The vascular pedicle was 0.8 to 1.0 cm wide.The pivot point was at the distal 1/3 of the middle phalanx upon which the flap was reversed to repair the defect of the fingertip.The dorsal digital nerve or dorsal branch of proper digital nerve was included in the flap and coapted with the nerve in the wound to reconstruct sensation of the injured finger.Results All 26 flaps survived.Postoperative follow-up period was 6 to 8 months.All these flaps recovered with satisfying and quality, excellent sensation with 4 to 8 mm two-point discrimination.ROM of the interphalangeal joint of the injured finger was good.Conclusion Proper digital artery lateral cutaneous branchchain flap transfer with nerve coaptation is an ideal method for repairing fingertip defect.The surgery is simple.Reliable blood supply can be achieved without sacrificing the proper digital artery.Coaptation of the nerve restores sensation at the fingertip.There is minor donor site damage and very few complications.     

Reconstruction of finger pulp defect with reversed fasciocutaneous island flap from same finger

Objective:To investigate the clinical curative effect of reconstruction of finger pulp defect by anastomosis of reversed fasciocutaneous island flap with dorsal branch of the digital nerve of the same finger. Methods: The restoration of finger pulp defect with fasciocutaneous island flap from the same finger was conducted in 25 cases (30 fingers) from January 2002 to June 2003. Nine patients (11 fingers) whose flaps with dorsal branch of the digital nerve anastomosed with the digital inherent nerve around the surface of the wound were Group A and the others were Group B. The follow-up was carried out at 3 and 9 months after the operation to observe the shape of finger pulp and the sense restoration between two groups. Results: All flaps of 25 cases (30 fingers) survived. Three months after operation, the patients had fully grown finger pulps and recovered the superficial sensation and tactile sense of finger pulps. The two point discrimination on average was 5. 00 mm±0. 23 mm in Group A and 6.00 mm±0.30 mm in Group B. The difference between two groups was highly significant. Nine months later, their senses of finger pulps between two groups were recovered basically. Conclusions: The reversed fasciocutaneous island flap from the same finger is the first choice to reconstruct the finger pulp defect, and the anastomosis of dorsal branch of the digital nerve shall be determined according to the specific condition.     

逆行桡侧小鱼际皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损

目的 探讨逆行桡侧小鱼际皮瓣修复手指软组织缺损的方法 及疗效.方法 2006年3月至2010年3月,收治13例14指软组织缺损,缺损范围1.9 cm×1.5 cm～4.0 cm×2.0 cm,均采用以小指尺掌侧固有动脉为血管蒂的逆行小鱼际皮瓣修复,皮瓣大小为2.0 cm×1.5 cm～4.0 cm ×2.0 cm.结果 术后皮瓣全部成活,供、受区切口均一期愈合.12例13指,获1～3年随访,皮瓣外观与健侧指相似,无明显色素沉着,其中1例因患掌腱膜挛缩症而出现手指瘢痕挛缩.皮瓣两点辨别觉为3.2～5.3 mm.参照关节总主动活动度/被动活动度评定标准,优12指,良1指.供区无明显不适主诉,术后2个月均重返工作岗位.结论 带感觉神经的逆行桡侧小鱼际瓣修复手指软组织缺损,效果良好,并且具有不牺牲指固有神经,供区损伤少的优点.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of reverse radial hypothenar flap for finger soft tissue defect. Methods From Mar. 2006 to Mar. 2010, 13 cases (14fingers) with finger soft tissue defects were treated with reverse radial hypothenar flaps pedicled with ulnar palmar digital artery of little finger. The defects were 1.9 cm× 1. 5cm -4. 0 cm× 2. 0 cm in size. The flap size ranged from 1.5cm× 2.0 cm to 4. 0 cm × 2. 0 cm. Results All the flaps survived completely with primary healing both in donor and recipient area. 12 cases(13 fingers)were followed up for 1-3 years. The flaps color was similar to the unaffected fingers. Cicatricial contracture happened in one case due to contracture of palmar fascia.The two-point discrimination distance on flap was 3.2-5. 3mm. The active and passive movement of finger joints was evaluated as excellent in 12 fingers, good in one finger. There was no complaint about the feeling at the donor site. Two months after operation, all patients could go back to work. Conclusions The reverse radial hypothenar flap is very suitable for finger soft tissue defect with less morbidity to donor site.     

指动脉远侧指间关节皮支蒂指侧方岛状皮瓣修复指端软组织缺损

目的 探讨以指动脉远侧指间关节皮支为蒂指侧方岛状皮瓣修复同指指端软组织缺损的临床效果.方法 2009年6月至2010年3月,对15例15指手指远侧指间以远的指端缺损的患者,采用以指动脉远侧指间关节皮支为蒂指侧方岛状皮瓣转移修复,术中切取皮瓣范围1.2 cm×0.8 cm～2.0 cm × 3.0 cm,供区取前臂全厚皮片移植修复.结果 15例15指术后获得随访10例10指,时间为6～12个月,皮瓣和移植皮片全部顺利成活,皮瓣质地柔软,外观满意,颜色与周围皮肤接近,顺行推进岛状皮瓣的两点辨距觉为5～6 mm,逆行岛状皮瓣的两点辨距觉为7～10 mm,远侧指间关节屈伸活动无明显障碍.手功能ATM法评定,优8指,良1指,可1指.结论 应用该皮瓣修复指端软组织缺损,不损伤指动脉和指神经,简化了传统的指根部岛状皮瓣的手术,是一种较好的方法.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the repair of soft tissue defect at finger tip with square island flap pedicled with skin perforator of digital artery on the distal interphalangeal joint( DIP). Methods From Jun. 2009 to Mar. 2010, 15 cases with soft tissue defects at 15 fingers tip were treated with this island flaps. The flap size ranged from 1. 2 cm × 0. 8 cm to 2. 0 cm × 3. 0 cm. The defects at donor sites were covered with skin grafts from forearm. Results All the flaps and skin grafts survived. 10 fingers in 10 cases were followed up for 6-12 months. The color, texture and contour of the flaps were good. The twopoint discrimination distance was 5-6 mm on the directed island flaps, and 7-10 mm on the reverse island flaps. No obvious functional problem was found in DIP motion. The hand function was assessed as excellent in 8 fingers, good in 1 finger and medium in 1 finger. Conclusions The main artery and nerve will not be sacrified when the island flap is used. The operative procedures are easily performed for the treatment of fingertip skin defect.     

尺神经神经束膜瘤二例

Objective To summariariae the diagnosis and treatmentof 2 cases of intraneuml perineurioma involving the ulnar nerve and review the relevant fiterature. Methods Case one was a female patient who had a mass of her right.upper arm for 3 years.Preoperatively the sensadon was normal.however the hand movement was impaired.Intraoperatively a 4 cm×2 cm fusiform enlargement of the ulnar nerve above elbow was seen.The mass was reseeted and sural nerve graft was done one week later to repair the nerve.Case two was B male patient who had a mass around his right ellbow for 3 months.Preoperatively there was diminished sensatiln of the right little finger and decreased strength of the hand intrinsic muscles.Intraoperadvely a 9 cm×4 cm fusiform enlargement of the ulnar nerve at the elbow was seen.A neve biopsy was carried out for pathology.Results Pathology for both cases was intraneural perineurioma of the ulnar nerve.Case one was followed for 3 months with no sign of tumor recurrence Hand functions innervated by the ulnar nerve were unchanged .Case two was followed for 9 months and the mass didn't become bigger.Hard function was the same comparing to the preoperative level.Conclusion Intraneural perineurioma is a rare benign tumor.Surgical resection and nerve repair is the treatment option for those with pathologically confirmed cases.Nerve biopsy and regular follow up is 5nother option.     

腓动脉穿支腓肠神经营养血管游离皮瓣修复手足软组织缺损

Objective To report the operative techniques and clinical results of the free psroneal artery perforator sural neurecutanecus flaps. Methods Free sural neurocutaneous flap with a single unit of perforating veins and artery arising from the peroneal artery was designed to repair skin defects of hand or from the ankle to distal end of the foot. After the flap was transposed to the defect, the perforating artery was anastomozed with a branch of a nearby artery, and the small saphenoas vein was anastomosed with the cephalic vein or the great sapheneous vein to establish the flap's circulation. An alternative way was to anastomose the perforating vessels only. The sural nerve was anastomosed to innervate the flap. Results From Jan 2005 to Dec 2007, 12 cases were treated with the flaps with no flap necrosis. The size of the flaps ranged from 12 crux7 cm to 18 cm× 11 cm. The follow-up period was 7 to 27 months. Both the cosmetic and functional results were satisfactory. Two point discrimination was 7 ～ 12 mm. Conclusions The flap has all the advantages of the h'ee flap, the perforator flap and the neurocutaneous flap. It is easily performed with reliable blood supply. It's a good choice for repairing the skin defects of hands and feet.     

腓动脉穿支腓肠神经营养血管游离皮瓣修复手足软组织缺损

Objective To report the operative techniques and clinical results of the free psroneal artery perforator sural neurecutanecus flaps. Methods Free sural neurocutaneous flap with a single unit of perforating veins and artery arising from the peroneal artery was designed to repair skin defects of hand or from the ankle to distal end of the foot. After the flap was transposed to the defect, the perforating artery was anastomozed with a branch of a nearby artery, and the small saphenoas vein was anastomosed with the cephalic vein or the great sapheneous vein to establish the flap's circulation. An alternative way was to anastomose the perforating vessels only. The sural nerve was anastomosed to innervate the flap. Results From Jan 2005 to Dec 2007, 12 cases were treated with the flaps with no flap necrosis. The size of the flaps ranged from 12 crux7 cm to 18 cm× 11 cm. The follow-up period was 7 to 27 months. Both the cosmetic and functional results were satisfactory. Two point discrimination was 7 ～ 12 mm. Conclusions The flap has all the advantages of the h'ee flap, the perforator flap and the neurocutaneous flap. It is easily performed with reliable blood supply. It's a good choice for repairing the skin defects of hands and feet.     

腓动脉穿支腓肠神经营养血管游离皮瓣修复手足软组织缺损

Objective To report the operative techniques and clinical results of the free psroneal artery perforator sural neurecutanecus flaps. Methods Free sural neurocutaneous flap with a single unit of perforating veins and artery arising from the peroneal artery was designed to repair skin defects of hand or from the ankle to distal end of the foot. After the flap was transposed to the defect, the perforating artery was anastomozed with a branch of a nearby artery, and the small saphenoas vein was anastomosed with the cephalic vein or the great sapheneous vein to establish the flap's circulation. An alternative way was to anastomose the perforating vessels only. The sural nerve was anastomosed to innervate the flap. Results From Jan 2005 to Dec 2007, 12 cases were treated with the flaps with no flap necrosis. The size of the flaps ranged from 12 crux7 cm to 18 cm× 11 cm. The follow-up period was 7 to 27 months. Both the cosmetic and functional results were satisfactory. Two point discrimination was 7 ～ 12 mm. Conclusions The flap has all the advantages of the h'ee flap, the perforator flap and the neurocutaneous flap. It is easily performed with reliable blood supply. It's a good choice for repairing the skin defects of hands and feet.     

腓动脉穿支腓肠神经营养血管游离皮瓣修复手足软组织缺损

Objective To report the operative techniques and clinical results of the free psroneal artery perforator sural neurecutanecus flaps. Methods Free sural neurocutaneous flap with a single unit of perforating veins and artery arising from the peroneal artery was designed to repair skin defects of hand or from the ankle to distal end of the foot. After the flap was transposed to the defect, the perforating artery was anastomozed with a branch of a nearby artery, and the small saphenoas vein was anastomosed with the cephalic vein or the great sapheneous vein to establish the flap's circulation. An alternative way was to anastomose the perforating vessels only. The sural nerve was anastomosed to innervate the flap. Results From Jan 2005 to Dec 2007, 12 cases were treated with the flaps with no flap necrosis. The size of the flaps ranged from 12 crux7 cm to 18 cm× 11 cm. The follow-up period was 7 to 27 months. Both the cosmetic and functional results were satisfactory. Two point discrimination was 7 ～ 12 mm. Conclusions The flap has all the advantages of the h'ee flap, the perforator flap and the neurocutaneous flap. It is easily performed with reliable blood supply. It's a good choice for repairing the skin defects of hands and feet.     

腓动脉穿支腓肠神经营养血管游离皮瓣修复手足软组织缺损

Objective To report the operative techniques and clinical results of the free psroneal artery perforator sural neurecutanecus flaps. Methods Free sural neurocutaneous flap with a single unit of perforating veins and artery arising from the peroneal artery was designed to repair skin defects of hand or from the ankle to distal end of the foot. After the flap was transposed to the defect, the perforating artery was anastomozed with a branch of a nearby artery, and the small saphenoas vein was anastomosed with the cephalic vein or the great sapheneous vein to establish the flap's circulation. An alternative way was to anastomose the perforating vessels only. The sural nerve was anastomosed to innervate the flap. Results From Jan 2005 to Dec 2007, 12 cases were treated with the flaps with no flap necrosis. The size of the flaps ranged from 12 crux7 cm to 18 cm× 11 cm. The follow-up period was 7 to 27 months. Both the cosmetic and functional results were satisfactory. Two point discrimination was 7 ～ 12 mm. Conclusions The flap has all the advantages of the h'ee flap, the perforator flap and the neurocutaneous flap. It is easily performed with reliable blood supply. It's a good choice for repairing the skin defects of hands and feet.     

游离足底内侧皮瓣修复腕掌尺侧皮肤神经缺损

目的 探讨修复腕掌尺侧皮肤神经同时缺损的新方法.方法 2000年4月至2009年8月,应用游离足底内侧皮瓣修复腕掌尺侧皮肤并神经缺损5例.足拇趾胫侧趾底固有神经修复小指尺掌侧固有神经缺损1例;桡神经浅支修复尺神经及其深浅支缺损2例,修复尺神经浅支、第4指掌侧总神经及小指尺掌侧固有神经缺损1例;尺神经手背支修复尺神经浅支、第4指掌侧总神经及小指尺掌侧固有神经缺损1例.足底内侧血管与尺血管吻合.供区取同侧大腿皮片移植修复.结果 术后皮瓣及移植皮片全部成活.5例获得6个月至4年的随访,皮瓣质地好、外观满意,无手内肌萎缩和爪形手畸形,皮瓣和手指感觉恢复达S3～S3+,皮瓣两点辨距觉为7～10 mm.尺神经深浅支缺损病例术后综合评价均为优.结论 游离足底内侧皮瓣是修复腕掌尺侧皮肤神经缺损的有效方法.     

游离足底内侧皮瓣修复腕掌尺侧皮肤神经缺损

目的 探讨修复腕掌尺侧皮肤神经同时缺损的新方法.方法 2000年4月至2009年8月,应用游离足底内侧皮瓣修复腕掌尺侧皮肤并神经缺损5例.足拇趾胫侧趾底固有神经修复小指尺掌侧固有神经缺损1例;桡神经浅支修复尺神经及其深浅支缺损2例,修复尺神经浅支、第4指掌侧总神经及小指尺掌侧固有神经缺损1例;尺神经手背支修复尺神经浅支、第4指掌侧总神经及小指尺掌侧固有神经缺损1例.足底内侧血管与尺血管吻合.供区取同侧大腿皮片移植修复.结果 术后皮瓣及移植皮片全部成活.5例获得6个月至4年的随访,皮瓣质地好、外观满意,无手内肌萎缩和爪形手畸形,皮瓣和手指感觉恢复达S3～S3+,皮瓣两点辨距觉为7～10 mm.尺神经深浅支缺损病例术后综合评价均为优.结论 游离足底内侧皮瓣是修复腕掌尺侧皮肤神经缺损的有效方法.     

不同穿支蒂的足内侧皮瓣修复手指皮肤缺损

目的 总结不同穿支蒂的足内侧皮瓣修复手指皮肤软组织缺损的选择及临床应用疗效.方法 对29例手指皮肤软组织缺损,分别采用以足底内侧动脉深支内侧深支皮支为供血动脉的足内侧皮瓣修复指腹及指侧方缺损5例;以足内侧动脉浅支为供血动脉的足内侧皮瓣修复手指掌侧皮肤缺损及指侧方皮肤缺损10例;以内踝前动脉为供血动脉的足内侧皮瓣修复指背皮肤缺损及指侧方皮肤缺损11例;以多皮支动脉供血的足内侧皮瓣修复手指中节、近节环形缺损3例.结果 术后29例皮瓣全部存活,术后23例获得6～13个月的随访.皮肤弹性、色泽良好,两点分辨觉6～9mm.结论 足内侧供区隐蔽,皮瓣切取方便,不损伤动脉主干,皮肤质地与手指相近,应用不同皮穿支的足内侧皮瓣移植是一种修复手指皮肤软组织缺损较理想的方法.     

改良的尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手掌软组织缺损

目的　探讨经改良的尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣修复手掌软组织缺损的方法。　方法　根据尺动脉腕上皮支及前臂内侧皮神经的走行设计改良皮瓣 ,于腕上皮支起点的近端 1cm处结扎并切断尺动脉 ,形成以尺动脉携腕上皮支和前臂内侧皮神经为蒂的改良皮瓣。 1997年 8月～ 2 0 0 1年 11月 ,用此皮瓣修复手掌软组织缺损 15例 ,其中急诊手术7例 ,择期手术 8例 ,皮瓣范围 7cm× 5 cm～ 12 cm× 8cm。　结果　术后随访 3周～ 6个月 ,15例皮瓣全部成活 ,皮瓣远端无缺血、坏死 ,外观及功能满意。　结论　改良的尺动脉腕上皮支皮瓣的血管蒂长、血供丰富、具有感觉 ,可修复手掌任何部位的缺损 ,且手术操作简便易行。     

旋股外侧动脉内侧降支移植修复掌浅弓缺损

目的探讨应用旋股外侧动脉内侧降支移植修复掌浅弓缺损的可行性。方法通过对旋股外侧动脉内侧降支的应用解剖学研究,1999年5月-2004年2月,对8例手掌严重损伤致掌浅弓缺损的患者,切取上述血管移植重建掌浅动脉弓,血管切取长度为9～15cm。结果术后患者手指及移植皮瓣全部成活,手功能恢复满意,血管供区血液循环无影响,肌力正常。结论旋股外侧动脉内侧降支,与掌浅弓有十分相似的解剖学结构,且解剖位置恒定,切取方便。该血管最佳适应证是修复掌浅弓缺损和同时伴有皮肤软组织缺损。     

桡动脉掌浅支皮瓣游离移植修复手指皮肤缺损

目的：探讨应用桡动脉掌浅支皮瓣游离移植修复手指皮肤缺损的临床疗效。方法对10例手指皮肤缺损的创面，应用桡动脉掌浅支游离皮瓣修复，皮瓣面积：1.5 cm×2.0 cm～2.0 cm×3.5 cm。结果10例皮瓣成活好，其中1例皮瓣术后出现血管痉挛，血管解痉后成活。本组术后均获随访1～12个月，10例皮瓣外形满意，质地色泽好，两点辨别觉6～9 mm，患指活动功能良好，供区直接闭合。结论桡动脉掌浅支皮瓣游离移植修复手指皮肤缺损可获得良好的临床疗效，是修复手指皮肤缺损一种理想皮瓣。     

带隐神经的足内侧复合皮瓣的解剖学研究及临床应用

目的 探讨带隐神经的足内侧复合皮瓣的解剖特点及临床应用效果.方法 解剖观测10具尸体标本(20侧下肢)的足底内侧动脉的起源、走行、分支、外径、长度和分布.自2004年1月以来,采用带隐神经肌腱的足内侧复合皮瓣修复跟腱及其周围组织缺损12例,7例以带隐神经的皮瓣修复皮肤缺损,5例同时携带隐神经和趾展肌腱修复部分跟腱以及皮肤缺损.供区游离植皮.结果 足内侧动脉分为深支和浅支,其直径分别为(1.5±0.3)mm和(1.0±0.2)mm.18侧肢体深支再分为内侧支和外侧支;2侧肢体浅支再分为内侧支和外侧支,深支无大的分支.皮瓣供区有隐神经终支和足背内侧皮神经内侧支分布.临床应用12例,皮瓣全部存活,8例获随访1个月至2年,皮瓣色泽、质地、功能良好.结论 带隐神经的足内侧复合组织瓣修复跟腱及其周围组织缺损,解剖恒定,手术简便、安全,效果良好.     

桡动脉浅支皮瓣修复手指皮肤缺损

目的：探讨应用桡动脉浅支皮瓣修复手指皮肤缺损的方法及临床疗效。方法2008年8月-2012年1月,采用游离桡动脉浅支皮瓣修复手部皮肤缺损伴骨或肌腱外露30例,以桡动脉浅支走行于腕掌侧设计皮瓣,其中20例于皮瓣近端切取正中神经掌皮支重建感觉。皮肤缺损范围为1.5 cm×2.5 cm～2.0 cm×3.5 cm。结果本组30例皮瓣全部成活,未发生血管危象。术后随访6～12个月,皮瓣质地血运良好,外形满意,两点辨别觉为5～7 mm,供区无并发症。结论游离桡动脉浅支皮瓣切取方便,供区损伤小,是修复手指皮肤缺损较为理想的方法。     

桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹Flow-through皮瓣修复手指皮肤软组织缺损

目的应用桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹Flow-through皮瓣修复手指皮肤软组织缺损伴指动脉缺损创面,更好恢复手指生理供血,提高临床疗效。方法2008年8月-2018年10月,对收治的48例手指皮肤软组织缺损伴指动脉缺损患者,切取桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹Flow-through皮瓣覆盖手指缺损创面,让创伤缺损动脉恢复再通血;供区直接缝合。结果术后皮瓣全部成活,创面Ⅰ期愈合,48例均获得随访,随访时间32~48周,平均40周,末次随访时皮瓣质地柔软,指体外观无臃肿,颜色与患指周围皮肤相似,皮瓣两点辨别觉6~12 mm,手指功能根据总主动活动度(TAM)法评定,优45例,良2例,可1例,优良率97.9%。结论手指皮肤软组织缺损伴动脉缺损,影响指端供血,应用桡动脉掌浅支腕横纹Floe-through皮瓣修复,巧妙桥接指动脉缺损,更好地恢复手指生理血供。     

足部逆行血管蒂皮瓣修复前足皮肤缺损

目的 探讨足逆行血管蒂皮瓣修复前足皮肤缺损的效果。方法足底内侧皮瓣以足底内侧动脉浅支为蒂逆行转移,足踝背皮瓣以足背动脉分支第一或第二跖背动脉为蒂逆行转移。转移皮瓣均行浅静脉及皮神经吻合修复。结果转移皮瓣全部成活。其中1例未行浅静脉吻合术后出现静脉危象,经减张及药物治疗后存活。术后1年随访皮瓣感觉功能恢复。结论足部逆行血管蒂皮瓣转移修复前足皮肤缺损,具有于术简捷、创伤小、功用好、并发症少等优点。