农村和城市中老年妇女尿失禁患病情况调查

目的 调查温州地区农村和城市中老年妇女尿失禁(urinary incontinence, UI)患病状况及就诊情况,探讨导致中老年妇女UI城乡差异的相关因素.方法 采用随机整群抽样的方法,对温州市区及农村≥40岁有性生活史的妇女进行问卷调查.按照被调查者的常住地不同,分为城市组和农村组,了解城市组和农村组被调查者一般情况、3种类型UI的患病情况及就诊情况,并分析中老年妇女压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)的高危因素.结果 城市组UI的总患病率38.3%(106/276),其中SUI的患病率25.4%(70/276);农村组UI的总患病率为46.2%(158/341),其中SUI的患病率为34.8%(119/341),两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).多因素logistic回归分析显示慢性咳嗽、高血压病、产次≥2次这3个因素是中老年妇女SUI高危因素.城市组和农村组的文化程度、分娩方式、产次、体重指数、便秘、高血压、慢性咳嗽及绝经人数差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 农村妇女压力性尿失禁的患病率高于城市妇女;慢性咳嗽、高血压病史、产次≥2次是中老年妇女SUI的独立危险因素;农村妇女较城市妇女多产、高血压发病率高、文化水平低、超重率高及绝经率高的状态可能是农村妇女UI发病率高于城市妇女的原因.     

武汉市围绝经期妇女压力性尿失禁患病率及影响因素的调查

目的调查武汉市围绝经期妇女压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)的患病率及影响因素。方法 2014年4~10月,对武汉市常青花园社区卫生服务中心参加健康检查的40~65岁妇女采用自拟问卷调查其基本特征及尿失禁症状,分析影响SUI的危险因素。结果 1 067名受调查者中SUI的患病率为32.24%。单因素逻辑分析结果显示:高血压、心脏病、萎缩性阴道炎、便秘、盆腔器官脱垂是SUI的危险因素(P0.05);多因素逻辑分析结果显示:心脏病、便秘、盆腔器官脱垂是SUI的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论武汉社区围绝经期妇女SUI发病率高,SUI的潜在危险因素有高血压、心脏病、萎缩性阴道炎、便秘和盆腔器官脱垂。     

女性压力性尿失禁的非手术治疗

<正>女性压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)是指平时无尿失禁(urinary incontinence,UI),腹压骤然增加时(如咳嗽、大笑、打喷嚏、提取重物或上楼梯时),尿液不自主地从尿道口流出。国际尿控协会(International Continence Society,ICS)将其定义为:构成社会和卫生问题,且客观上能被证实的不自主的尿液流出[1],是中老年妇女的常见病和多发病,严重影响患者的生活质量和身心健康。我国幅员辽阔,人群生活习性差异较大,有关UI的患病率报道差异较大。近年来局部地区以社区为基础的流行病学调查结果显示:成人女性UI患病率     

北京地区成年女性混合性尿失禁流行病学研究

目的调查北京地区成年女性混合性尿失禁(mixed urinary incontinence,MUI)的患病率、影响因素及对生活质量的影响。方法本研究通过分层多阶段系统抽样的方法,在北京市6个区县48个调查点,对3 058名20岁以上成年女性进行问卷调查。问卷内容包括调查对象人口统计学信息、MUI可疑危险因素及MUI对生活质量影响。应用SPSS 11.5统计分析软件进行数据分析。结果本研究调查对象的MUI患病率为7.49%(229/3 058),MUI患病率随着年龄增长逐渐增高。多因素logistic回归结果显示,MUI的危险因素有:年龄(OR40~=3.21,95%CI:1.62~6.36;OR50~=6.58,95%CI:3.38~12.84;OR60~=6.15,95%CI:2.68~14.13;OR70~=15.28,95%CI:7.15~32.65)、职业为工人或农民(OR=2.46,95%CI:1.42~4.26)、会阴裂伤(OR=1.60,95%CI:1.01~2.54)、妇科疾病史(OR=4.02,95%CI:2.70~5.99)、粪失禁(OR=2.75,95%CI:1.06~7.14)。MUI...     

分娩因素与尿失禁发生的相关性研究

目的调查产后妇女分娩时相关因素和产后尿失禁发生情况,探讨分娩相关因素与尿失禁(UI)发生的相关性。方法运用孕妇分娩因素调查问卷和国际尿失禁咨询委员会尿失禁标准问卷简表(ICI-Q-SF),对2015年4-9月在该院盆底中心就诊的245例产后妇女进行问卷调查。结果本次调查245例分娩后妇女,回收有效问卷237份,回收有效率为96.7%,发生UI者103例,发生率为43.5%,其中压力性尿失禁(SUI)发生率为76.7%,急迫性尿失禁(UUI)为4.9%,混合性尿失禁(MUI)为18.4%,不同年龄、分娩次数、分娩方式及有无会阴裂伤的分娩后妇女UI发生率组间比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05),多因素Logistic回归分析分娩后妇女的年龄、分娩次数、分娩方式及分娩时有无会阴裂伤与UI发生具有关联(P0.05)。结论分娩后女性UI发生率较高,年龄、分娩次数、分娩方式及分娩时有无会阴裂伤是UI发生的独立危险因素,做好保健预防,加强盆底肌功能训练可降低UI率。     

成年女性尿失禁患者求医意愿影响因素研究

正尿失禁(urinary incontinence,UI)作为威胁成年女性身心健康的5种主要慢性疾病之一,在我国的发病率约为34.4%~41.3%[1-2],与国外调查结果类似[3]。其中压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)的发病率最高,约为22.6%[4]。UI虽然不会威胁生命,但长期漏尿不仅会增加女性念珠菌     

女性压力性尿失禁手术后复发的处理对策

<正>尿失禁(urinary incontinence,UI)严重影响女性患者生活质量,是中老年女性的常见病。压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)指腹压突然增高时(如咳嗽、喷嚏、大笑、跳跃、搬重物或体位改变等)出现不自主的尿液自尿道外口漏出。重度SUI往往需要手术治疗。SUI的手术方法包括传统手术和合成材料植入尿道中段悬吊手术     

北京地区女性尿失禁影响因素及对患者生活质量影响的研究

目的调查北京地区成年女性尿失禁（urinary incontinence,UI）的患病率、影响因素以及对患者生活质量的影响。方法本研究采用分层多阶段系统抽样的方法 ,由经过培训的调查员应用自填式问卷对北京市6个区（县）48个村（居委会）符合条件的调查对象进行入户调查,共计3058名20岁以上成年女性完成调查。数据分析应用SPSS16.0软件完成。结果根据调查问卷判断,本研究对象中UI患病率为22.1%。多因素非条件Logistic回归分析,UI的影响因素为：年龄（OR=1.27,95%CI：1.14～1.41）、慢性病（OR=2.39,95%CI：1.93～2.95）、剖宫产（OR=0.65,95%CI：0.46～0.90）、自感压力和疲劳（OR=1.18,95%CI：1.05～1.32）、排便时腹胀（OR=2.24,95%CI：1.57～3.19）、排不成形便（OR=1.65,95%CI：1.09～2.51）。UI对患者生活质量影响明显。不同类型的UI相比,压力性尿失禁（SUI）对患者生活质量影响的程度相对较轻,混合性尿失禁（MUI）对患者生活质量影响相对较重。结论 UI是对女性健康危害严重的一种常见病,人群干预和治疗亟待开展。     

农村妇女压力性尿失禁调查结果及影响因素分析

目的:调查浙江省农村妇女压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)患病情况并探讨发病的影响因素。方法:对浙江省富阳地区农村妇女进行问卷调查,采用SPSS10.0软件进行数据录入及统计分析。结果:(1)5 127例调查对象中有压力性尿失禁症状者776例(15.1%);(2)未产妇、阴道分娩者和剖宫产者SUI的患病率分别为8.3%、15.8%、8.6%,阴道分娩与剖宫产分娩者患病率比较,差异有显著性(P<0.001);(3)随着分娩次数增加、年龄的增加,SUI发病率均呈上升趋势;(4)压力性尿失禁患者体重指数明显高于非尿失禁者(P<0.001)。结论:浙江省农村妇女压力性尿失禁患病率15.1%,生育次数、分娩方式、体重指数、年龄等是SUI发病的影响因素。     

女性压力性尿失禁的手术治疗

<正>压力性尿失禁(stress urinary incontinence,SUI)是指有咳嗽或喷嚏等腹压增高时出现的不自主的尿液自尿道外口渗漏,是中老年人的常见病和多发病。国内进行的流行病学调查,患病率波动在12.8%~46.0%[1],其中北京地区女性SUI的患病率22.9%,天津老年人尿失禁的患病率33.38%[2-4],但仍有不少妇女对自身疾病羞于启齿,未正规诊治,因而实际发病率更高。从有医学记载开始,医生即关注SUI治疗问题,并不断总结经验,完善手术方式,减     

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Urinary Incontinence Among Jordanian Women: Impact on Their Life

We estimate the prevalence and type of urinary incontinence (UI), possible associated risk factors, and the impact of UI on women's social and psychological well-being. The sample consisted of women attending a family medicine clinic at Jordan University Hospital (JUH) who answered a self-administered questionnaire. More than one-third of the sample reported the presence of UI. Stress type was the most frequently reported risk factor, followed by mixed incontinence, then urge. Age, diabetes, chronic cough, parity, and hysterectomy were positively associated with the presence of UI. Incontinence caused low self-esteem in more than half of the women who experienced it.     

Urinary incontinence: an unexpected large problem among young females. Results from a population-based study.

BACKGROUND: The International Continence Society has defined urinary incontinence as a condition in which involuntary loss of urine is objectively demonstrable and is a social or hygiene problem. Urinary incontinence is presumably a common health problem among women even in younger ages. OBJECTIVES: The primary aim was to investigate the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in a female population with a special focus on younger women (18-30 years old). The secondary aim was to investigate the association between UI and number of deliveries, use of contraceptives or oestrogen substitutions, and urinary tract infections (UTIs). METHODS: A population-based study with a self-administered questionnaire was set in the community of Surahammar, Sweden. Subjects were all women (3493) aged 18-70 years living in Surahammar during 1995. The main outcome measures were the prevalence of UI and variables such as number of deliveries, use of contraceptives or oestrogen substitutions, and UTIs. RESULTS: Twenty-six per cent of the women reported problems of UI. The prevalence of UI in younger women was 12%. The number of reported complaints of UTIs was significantly higher in the women with UI compared with women without urinary incontinence (wUI). In the younger women UTI, nulliparous or having given birth to one or two children were most frequent in those with UI. The use of contraceptives was more common in younger women without UI (P < 0.05). However, the use of oestrogen was more common in older women in the age group 51-70 years with UI (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our findings have shown that 26% of the women who took part in the survey reported problems of UI. Among women below 30 years of age, 12% reported complaints of UI. We found a high prevalence of UI in younger women with a UTI, not taking oestrogen, nulliparous or having given birth to one or two children. There are needs for further investigations with a special focus on younger women.     

744名太原地区女性尿失禁患病情况分析

目的 调查太原地区女性尿失禁患病情况及其特点.方法 按照整群随机抽样方法,选取太原市北城区和涧河乡常住18岁以上成年女性进行问卷调查,并行妇科检查和POP-Q系统量化描述盆腔器官位置.结果 收集有效问卷744份,占抽样研究对象的93%.调查结果显示:女性尿失禁患病率49.33%,其中压力性尿失禁占64.03%,轻度尿失禁81.20%;尿失禁中有11.44%的女性其症状发生在冬春季节;随着孕次、产次的增多,尿失禁发生和失禁程度渐升高(P＜0.01);第一胎自娩有会阴撕裂者,产程中剖宫产和难产者尿失禁发生率明显高于其他组,而选择性剖宫产者尿失禁发生率则明显低于其他组;同时可见在家中分娩者尿失禁发生率明显高于在医院分娩者(P＜0.05),农村地区女性尿失禁发生率明显高于城市,有显著性差异(P＜0.01);产后1月内参加较重体力劳动,尿失禁的发生率增加;女性尿失禁中子宫脱垂、阴道前后壁脱垂的发生率显著高于正常组(P＜0.001),并且与女性压力性尿失禁的失禁程度呈明显正相关关系,相关系数r分别为0.160、0.249、0.217(P＜0.01).结论 尿失禁是女性常见疾病,农村地区高发,压力性和轻度尿失禁多见,且多伴发盆腔器官脱垂,治疗尿失禁和盆腔器官脱垂应兼顾.     

Quality of life impact and treatment seeking of Chinese women with urinary incontinence

The objective of this study was to investigate the quality of life (QOL) impact of urinary incontinence (UI) and to examine its relationship with treatment seeking in adult Taiwanese women. We conducted a cross-section in-person questionnaire interview of 1608 adult women living in the Taipei area. The characteristics and incontinence status were recorded. A short form incontinence impact questionnaire (IIQ-7) was used to evaluate the QOL impact of UI. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to assess the determinative factors for treatment seeking. The mean IIQ-7 score of the 205 (12.7%) women who reported urinary leakage more than once per month in the preceding 12 months was 5.0 (range: 0–19), which showed a significant correlation with the severity of incontinence (r = 0.59, p < 0.001). Women with mixed type UI had a higher IIQ-7 score compared to those with stress or urge UI. Fifty-five (26.8%) incontinent women had sought medical help. Treatment seeking was highly related to IIQ-7 scores as 75% of incontinent women with an IIQ-7 score > 10 in contrast to 5% of those with an IIQ-7 score (p < 0.001) had sought medical care. On multiple logistic regression analysis, perceiving UI as a disease and a higher IIQ-7 score were independent factors predicting treatment seeking. We concluded that UI is a common problem that brings substantial QOL impact to Taiwanese women. The IIQ-7 questionnaire may provide a useful measurement to quantitate the degree of QOL impact, which is largely affected by the severity and type of incontinence. Women who perceive UI as a disease and those with a higher degree of QOL impact are more likely to seek medical help. Furthermore, treatment seeking in Taiwanese women with significant UI may be more common than thought as a great majority of women with higher IIQ-7 scores had sought medical help.     

The role of general practitioners in the initial management of women with urinary incontinence in France,Germany, Spain and the UK

Objective: To describe the role of general practitioners (GPs) in the initial management of women with urinary incontinence (UI) in four European countries with different healthcare systems. Methods: Cross-sectional community postal survey of 2953 women with UI in France, Germany, Spain and the UK. Results: Forty-eight per cent of community-dwelling women with UI had discussed their UI with a doctor. More women discussed UI in France and Germany than in the UK and Spain. The patient usually raised the issue during consultations for some other reason. Fear of or actual deterioration in UI was the most important reason for discussing UI. Overall, 52% of incontinent women first discussed their UI with a GP, and almost a third of women reported having all their UI discussions in a GP setting. Twenty-nine per cent of women reported that GPs had either recommended treatment or monitoring of their condition before beginning treatment, and 24% reported that the GP had referred them to another doctor for evaluation and treatment. Most women in the UK first discussed UI with a GP, whereas in Germany most discussed UI with a specialist. In Spain and France, about half the women first discussed their UI with a GP.

Conclusion: GPs are involved to varying degrees in the initial management of UI in France, Germany, Spain and the UK. Even in countries where women have a choice of whether to see a GP or specialist about UI, many choose to have their first contact with a GP.     

Fraction of Nursing Home Admissions Attributable to Urinary Incontinence

OBJECTIVE: To calculate the proportion of nursing home admissions of the elderly that is attributable to urinary incontinence (UI). METHODS: The fraction of nursing home admissions attributable to UI was computed from published values for the prevalence of UI and relative risks corrected for variables independently associated with nursing home admission. RESULTS: The attributable fraction of nursing home admissions due to UI in the elderly population was 0.10 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08-0.13) for men and 0.06 (95% CI 0.05-0.09) for women. Extrapolation to the US population in 2000 suggests an annualized cost of nursing home admissions due to UI of 6.0 billion dollars (3.0 billion dollars each for elderly men and women). CONCLUSIONS: The estimates of the fraction of nursing home admissions attributable to UI exceed those previously assumed and show an imbalance between the sexes. Policies that support reimbursement for treatments of UI in the community might help prevent or delay institutionalization and offset some of the costs.     

Is Caffeine Intake Associated With Urinary Incontinence in Japanese Adults?

Objectives

To investigate whether caffeine intake is associated with urinary incontinence (UI) among Japanese adults.

Methods

A total of 683 men and 298 women aged 40 to 75 years were recruited from the community in middle and southern Japan. A validated food frequency questionnaire was administered face-to-face to obtain information on dietary intake and habitual beverage consumption. Urinary incontinence status was ascertained using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Short Form.

Results

Mean daily caffeine intake was found to be similar between incontinent subjects (men 120 mg, women 94 mg) and others without the condition (men 106 mg, women 103 mg), p=0.33 for men and p=0.44 for women. The slight increases in risk of UI at the highest level of caffeine intake were not significant after adjusting for confounding factors. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.36 (0.65 to 2.88) and 1.12 (0.57 to 2.22) for men and women, respectively.

Conclusions

No association was evident between caffeine intake and UI in middle-aged and older Japanese adults. Further studies are required to confirm the effect of caffeine in the prevention of UI.