辽宁省首次检出G9型A组轮状病毒

目的 了解辽宁省A组轮状病毒的感染情况,为轮状病毒的预防控制提供科学依据.方法 采集辽宁省沈阳、大连、丹东、阜新4个市门诊及住院疑似病毒性腹泻患者粪便标本135份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测轮状病毒抗原,阳性标本用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)扩增A组轮状病毒VP7基因和VP4基因,RT-PCR产物进行核苷酸碱基序列的测定和比对,并构建VP7基因遗传进化树.结果 135份粪便标本中,共检测出A组轮状病毒阳性标本21份;A组轮状病毒G基因分型:G9型15株,G3型2株,G2型1株,G1型1株,未分型2株;P基因型分型:P[8]型20株,P[4]型1株;G/P基因型组合以G9P[8]为主共15株,G3P[8]2株,G1P[8]1株,G2P[4]1株,G/P[8]2株.结论 辽宁省首次检出G9型A组轮状病毒,主要流行G/P基因型组合为G9P[8].     

检测婴幼儿腹泻A组轮状病毒的分型探针

轮状病毒 (Ｒｏｔａｖｌｒｕｓ,ＲＶ)是引起婴幼儿严重腹泻的主要病原体〔1〕。在发展中国家 ,腹泻病乃是婴幼儿死亡的重要原因 ,特别是 2岁以下婴幼儿。据ＷＨＯ统计 ,世界上婴幼儿腹泻每年要夺去百万婴幼儿的生命。我们采集 2 0 0 1年秋冬季腹泻患儿粪便标本 12 5份 ,通过ＰＣＲ分型探针 ,对Ａ组轮状病毒进行分型鉴定。现将结果报告如下。1　材料与方法1 1　材料　病毒Ａ组ＲＶ .Ｗａ .ＤＳ - 1.Ｐ和Ｈ 4个血清的病毒株均为中国预防医学科学院微生物学流行病学研究所提供。ＥＬＩＳＡ试剂盒由卫生部兰州生物制品研究所提供。光敏生物素核…     

苏州市婴幼儿轮状病毒血清G型分布

由A组轮状病毒 (RV)引起的巨大疾病负担已成为全球关注的公共卫生问题 ,WHO已将RV感染纳入全球腹泻病控制和免疫规划。然而 ,疫苗的研制和实施必须建立在病毒流行株的监测基础上 ,通过已有的监测结果 ,发现各个地区以及同一地区不同时期的流行株可能发生变化。因此有必要建立广泛的RV监测网 ,动态观察流行株的变化 ,为将来疫苗的使用和控制RV腹泻提供依据。1 .对象与方法 :(1 )研究对象 :2 0 0 1年 9月至 2 0 0 2年 3月所有到苏州大学附属儿童医院就诊的 <5岁腹泻婴幼儿为研究对象。记录腹泻患儿一般情况 ,并收集粪便标本。所有标本送…     

苏州地区婴幼儿腹泻轮状病毒G和P型别的特征

A组轮状病毒(RV)是引起婴幼儿腹泻的最主要病因。为了解苏州地区RV的分子流行病学特点,为今后的RV疫苗的开发和使用奠定基础,我们收集2001年12月至2002年11月5岁以下的腹泻住院患儿的粪标本,进行病毒抗原鉴定和血清分型。     

儿科门诊腹泻婴幼儿轮状病毒检出情况及检测方法学比较

目的 了解儿科门诊腹泻婴幼儿A组轮状病毒感染情况以及2种检测方法的比较。方法 收集2020年1月—12月龙游县妇幼保健院儿科门诊疑似病毒性腹泻的235份腹泻物,以荧光定量PCR和胶体金技术进行A组轮状病毒的检测,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果 235份样本荧光定量PCR检出A组轮状病毒阳性67份,检出率为28.51%(67/235),感染以> 1岁～2岁婴幼儿为主且以10月—12月阳性构成比最高。胶体金法检出A组轮状病毒阳性62例,检出率为26.38%(62/235),2种方法检出率比较差异无统计学意义（P> 0.05）。结论 > 1岁～2岁婴幼儿是A组轮状病毒的高发年龄段,2020年10月—12月是A组轮状病毒的高发季节。胶体金检测与荧光定量PCR 2种方法均可用于A组轮状病毒的病原学检测。     

西宁地区2010年婴幼儿A组轮状病毒流行情况分析

目的:监测西宁地区秋冬季婴幼儿轮状病毒感染情况,分析青海省主要流行株及其流行特点。方法:实验室采用巢式PCR方法对西宁地区婴幼儿腹泻的标本进行肠道病毒检测。结果:236份标本扩增后根据条带的大小进行分析,A组轮状病毒阳性25例,占总数的10.6%。其中G3型14例,占总数的5.9%,G9型11例,占总数的4.7%。结论:2010年西宁地区婴幼儿腹泻中轮状病毒是主要病原之一,发病多在6月龄～4岁的婴幼儿,男性患儿较女性患儿多,血清型主要为G3和G9型。     

分子生物学检测婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻的实验研究

轮状病毒（Rotavlrus，RV）是引起婴幼儿严重腹泻的主要病原体，在发展中国家，腹泻乃是婴幼儿死亡的重要原因，特别是2岁以下婴幼儿。据WHO统计，世界上婴幼儿腹泻每年要夺去百万婴幼儿的生命。我们采集2003年秋冬季腹泻患儿粪便120份。通过PCR技术，扩增出特异性高的核酸探针，采用长臂光敏生物素加标记，制备了A组轮状病毒的分型探针，对A组轮状病毒进行分型鉴定。现将结果报告如下。     

轮状病毒G血清型与婴幼儿腹泻严重程度的关系

轮状病毒(rotavirus,RV)属于呼肠孤病毒科轮状病毒属,根据病毒外壳蛋白VP 6的抗原性不同,RV分为A～G组.A组RV是全世界各地儿童胃肠炎的主要病原,几乎所有5 a以下的儿童都感染过RV.全世界患腹泻病住院的5 a以下儿童中,20%～70%为RV腹泻[1,2].本文对549例0～5 a腹泻住院病人进行回顾性分析,以探讨婴幼儿轮状病毒不同G血清分型与儿童RV腹泻严重程度的关系.     

重庆地区婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻VP7型别分析

目的：研究重庆地区1998－2000年度秋冬季婴幼儿轮状病毒腹泻分子流行病学,方法：采用逆转录－聚合酶链反应（RT－PCR）扩增婴幼儿腹泻便样中的编码轮状病毒VP7蛋白的全基因片段（1062bp),再用巢式－聚合酶链反应（net-PCR)对扩增得到的VP7基因进行分型,同时利用核苷酸序列分析方法进行分型。结果：在1998－1999年度130例婴幼儿腹泻便样中VP7基因阳性者50例（38．46％）,其中G1型占88％（44／50）,G3型占8％（4／50）,混合型占4％（2／50）,均为G1＋G3型,而1999－2000年度轮状病毒流行季节采集的112 标本中VP7基因扩增阳性者38例（33．93％）,其中G3型占78．95％（30／38）,G1型占13．16％（5／38）,混合型占7．89％（3／38）,均为G1＋G3型,苷酸序列分型结果与PCR分型结果一致。结论：重庆地区 1998－1999年度轮状病毒流行季节中流行的轮状病毒以G1型为主,而1999－2000年度轮状病毒流行季节中G3型为主,在连续两年的监测中出现轮状病毒血清型的转变。     

杭州地区腹泻婴幼儿A群轮状病毒感染特征

<正>婴幼儿腹泻为儿童常见多发病,其发病原因众多,不同原因导致的腹泻临床治疗方案也各不相同。资料显示,A群轮状病毒感染是导致婴幼儿胃肠炎的主要发病原因之一[1-3]。为了解杭州地区婴幼儿A群轮状病毒感染的流行特征,我们对浙江中医药大学附属第二医院2009—2011年1771份腹泻婴幼儿的粪便进行A群轮状病毒抗原检测(胶体金法),结合相关临床资料,现将检测结果分析报告如下。     

婴幼儿腹泻1 040例A群轮状病毒检测分析

[目的]了解本地区A群轮状病毒感染情况,为临床提供流行病学资料。[方法]利用胶体金法快速诊断试剂盒检测1 040例急性腹泻患儿粪便标本A群轮状病毒抗原。[结果]1 040例婴幼儿腹泻患者送检标本中共检出A群轮状病毒183例,阳性率为17.6%,6个月至2岁幼儿阳性率为23.6%,明显高于其他年龄组。本地区轮状病毒腹泻发病的高峰期是11月至1月。[结论]轮状病毒感染是导致婴幼儿腹泻的主要原因之一,建议在轮状病毒流行期给6个月至2岁幼儿接种疫苗。     

Detection of the first G6P[14] human rotavirus strain from a child with diarrhea in Egypt

We report the first detection of a G6P[14] rotavirus strain in Egypt from the stool of a child participating in a hospital-based diarrhea surveillance study conducted throughout the year 2004. Rotavirus infection was initially detected using a rotavirus group A VP6 enzyme immunoassay; the P (VP4) and G (VP7) genotypes of the strain were identified by RT-PCR. We sequenced the VP7 gene and the VP8* portion of the VP4 gene and the strain displayed the strongest identity to the VP7 [>94% nucleotides (nt), >97% amino acids (aa)] and VP4 (>93% nt, >98% aa) sequences of PA169, a novel G6P[14] strain first isolated from a child in Italy during the winter of 1987. Additional sequencing and analysis of the other remaining structural (VP1–VP3, VP6) and non-structural (NSP1–NSP5) proteins support this animal-to-human reassortment theory. According to the full genome classification system, the G6P[14] strain (EGY3399) was assigned to G6-P[14]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A11-N2-T6-E2-H3 genotypes. The greatest similarity of EGY3399 NSP4 and NSP5 gene sequences were to those of ovine and simian origin, respectively. Coupled with other observations, our results suggest G6P[14] isolates rarely cause severe diarrhea in Egyptian children, and support other studies that indicate animal rotavirus contribute to the genetic diversity of rotavirus detected from humans through interspecies transmission and single or multiple segments reassortment.     

Phylogenetic analysis of G1P[6] group A rotavirus strains detected in Northeast Brazilian children fully vaccinated with Rotarix™

In 2009 the World Health Organization recommended the use of group A rotavirus (RVA) vaccines in all national immunization programs (NIPs) in order to control severe RVA gastroenteritis disease. In Brazil, Rotarix™ was introduced in the NIP in March 2006, and a significant reduction in mortality rates among children ⩽5 years old was observed, especially in the Northern and Northeastern Brazil. In the current study the 11 gene segments of six Brazilian G1P[6] RVA strains, isolated in 2009 and 2010 from vaccinated children, were analyzed in order to investigate if the genetic composition of these strains might help to elucidate why they were able to cause acute gastroenteritis in vaccinated children. All six Brazilian RVA strains revealed a complete Wa-like genotype constellation: G1-P[6]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-H1. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all six strains were nearly identical and showed a close genetic relationship with contemporary typical human Wa-like RVA strains. These results suggests that the fact that these strains were able to cause acute gastroenteritis in vaccinated children is likely not due to the genetic background of the strains, but rather to other factors such as host relating factors, co-infecting pathogens or vaccine efficacy. P[6] RVA strains are detected rather occasionally in humans in most regions of the world, except for South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. However, recently two studies conducted in Brazil showed the circulation of G12P[6] and G2P[6]. This is the first report on the detection and complete genome analyses of G1P[6] RVA strains in Brazil. Surveillance studies will be crucial to further investigate the prevalence of this genotype in the Brazilian population, and the efficacy of current licensed vaccines, which do not contain the P[6] genotype.     

Genomic characterization of uncommon human G3P[6] rotavirus strains causing diarrhea in children in Italy in 2009

Group A rotaviruses (RVA) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in young children, causing up to 450,000 deaths worldwide, mostly in developing countries. Most of RVA human infections in developed countries are related to five major G/P combinations: G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8] and G9P[8]. During the surveillance activity of RotaNet-Italy, three uncommon G3P[6] RVA strains, designated as RVA/Human-wt/ITA/NA01/2009/G3P[6], RVA/Human-wt/ITA/NA06/2009/G3P[6], and RVA/Human-wt/ITA/NA19/2009/G3P[6], were identified in the stools of children with diarrhea hospitalized in Southern Italy in 2009. Samples NA01, NA06 and NA19 were characterized as genotype G3P[6]. To investigate the three strains further, partial sequencing of the eleven genomic segments was performed. RVA strains NA01, NA06 and NA19 were found to share the rare genotype constellation: G3-P[6]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-H2, which had not been reported previously in continental Italy. The phylogenetic analysis of the eleven genomic segments showed no evidence of zoonosis or inter-species reassortment at the origin of the Italian G3P[6] strains, indicating that they possessed DS-1-like genomic constellations similar to those detected previously in human cases in Africa and Europe. The analysis of the hypervariable regions of VP7 and VP4 (VP8*) revealed high amino acid identity between the Italian G3P[6] RVA strains involved in this study.     

Distinct evolutionary origins of G12P[8] and G12P[9] group A rotavirus strains circulating in Brazil

G12 group A rotavirus (RVA) are currently recognized as a globally emerging genotype and have been described in combination with several P-types. In Brazil, G12 RVA strains have been described in the Southern (2003) and Northern (2008–2010) regions, in combination with the P[9] and P[6] genotype, respectively. To date, few complete genomes of G12 RVA strains have been described (none from Brazilian strains), considering G12P[9] genotype just one strain, RVA/Human-tc/THA/T152/1998/G12P[9], has their 11 gene segments characterized. This study aims to determine the genomic constellation of G12P[9] and G12P[8] RVA strains detected in Brazil between 2006 and 2011. Therefore, the eleven gene segments of five Brazilian G12 RVA strains were amplified and sequenced, and the genotype of each gene segment was assigned using phylogenetic analysis. Complete genome analyses of G12 RVA strain circulating between 2006 and 2011 in Brazil revealed a conserved Wa-like genomic constellation for three G12P[8] RVA strains; whereas the two G12P[9] strains possessed distinct reassorted AU-1-like genomic constellations, closely related to the reference strain RVA/Human-tc/THA/T152/1998/G12P[9] in most genes. The results obtained in the current study suggest that G12P[9] (AU-1-like) and G12P[8] (Wa-like) strains detected in different regions of Brazil do not share a common origin. Moreover, while Brazilian G12P[8] RVA strains showed a complete Wa-like human constellation, both G12P[9] strains possessed an NSP1 gene of bovine origin (NSP1), and RVA/Human-wt/BRA/PE18974/2010/G12P[9] also possessed a VP3 gene of canine/feline origin.     

呼和浩特市婴幼儿腹泻轮状病毒基因亚型分析

目的了解内蒙古呼和浩特市2008年6月-2010年5月致婴幼儿腹泻A组轮状病毒的流行特征及病毒基因亚型特点。方法收集内蒙古妇幼保健医院<5岁全部住院腹泻患儿粪便标本730份,进行轮状病毒抗原检测,对检测阳性标本用巢式反转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法进行分型鉴定。结果 730份标本中,酶联免疫法(ELISA法)检出阳性标本298份,阳性率为40.8%,对298份轮状病毒抗原阳性标本进行RT-PCR检测,其中G血清型分出亚型的有292份,占98.0%,P基因型分出亚型的有254份,占85.2%;同一份标本G、P分型方法均分出亚型的有250份,占83.9%,同时分出98份G亚型组合型,11份P亚型组合型。结论 G1,G3,P〔8〕是流行的优势亚型,G1+G3组合亚型又是主要的组合流行型;呼和浩特市轮状病毒感染高发季节是10月至次年2月,流行优势毒株发生了从G1到G3的漂移。     

腹泻患儿A群轮状病毒G血清型和P基因型分析

目的 了解儿童腹泻标本中人轮状病毒(human rotavirus)分离株G血清型和P基因型的流行特点。方法 选取2007年5月-2010年4月浙江省温州医学院附属第二医院因腹泻症状就诊儿童粪便标本9 980例,经胶体金法筛检A群轮状病毒抗原阳性标本,留取其中2009年11月-2010年4月≤5岁住院腹泻患儿且轮状病毒抗原阳性标本168份,采用逆转录-巢式PCR反应,对VP7、VP4基因均阳性的153份标本进行血清G和基因P分型。结果 检测儿童腹泻粪便标本9 980例,轮状病毒抗原阳性3 544例,阳性率35.51%,以6~12月龄段检出率最高,男女性检出率差异无统计学意义(P=0.673);153例VP7基因阳性中,G3型79份,占51.63%;G1型40份,占26.14%;G1G3型20份,占13.07%;G2G3型3份,占1.96%;未分型11份,占7.19%;P[8]型104份,占67.97%;P[4]型3份,占1.96%;P[8]P[4]型1份,占0.65%;未分型45份,占29.41%;G血清型和P基因型的组合以G3P[8]为主,占33.33%(51/153)。结论 A群轮状病毒以G3型为主,其次为G1型,P基因型以P[8]型为主。     

婴幼儿腹泻标本病毒学的检测

【目的】了解婴幼儿秋季腹泻中轮状病毒、星状病毒及肠道腺病毒的感染情况，为临床防治提供理论依据。【方法】利用胶体金方法检测婴幼儿秋季腹泻大便标本中的轮状病毒和腺病毒抗原，利用酶联免疫吸附试验方法（ELISA）检测星状病毒。【结果】105份大便标本中，轮状病毒阳性86例，腺病毒阳性77份，星状病毒阳性4份，轮状病毒及腺病毒均阳性56份，轮状病毒及星状病毒均阳性2例，腺病毒及星状病毒阳性2例。【结论】轮状病毒是婴幼儿秋季腹泻的主要原因，其次是肠道腺病毒及星状病毒，且存在混合感染情况。