中国南方人群Fc受体γ链基因3''端非翻译区基因多态性与系统性红斑狼疮的关系

目的探讨Fc受体γ链基因3'端非翻译区(3'-UTR)基因多态性现象在中国南方人群中的分布及与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)易感性和临床表现的关系.方法采用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法检测180例SLE患者和140例正常对照组Fc受体γ链基因3'-UTR 3847及3804位点基因型.结果SLE患者Fc受体γ链基因3'-UTR 3847位点CC基因型频率(8.9%)及C等位基因频率(32.7%)较对照组(2.9%及23.6%)明显升高(P＜0.025);而TT基因型频率(43.3%)及T等位基因频率(67.3%)较对照组(55.7%及76.4%)明显降低(P＜0.025).SLE伴狼疮肾炎(LN)患者CC基因型频率及C等位基因频率较不伴LN的患者明显升高(P＜0.05及P＜0.025).对Fc受体γ链基因3'-UTR 3804位点基因型的研究显示,在全部病例和对照组中仅1例SLE患者为TG型,其余均为TT型.结论SLE患者Fc受体γ链基因3'-UTR 3847位点C等位基因与SLE发病及LN的发生有关.3804位点基因多态性现象在中国南方人群中少见,该位点的多态性与SLE发病无关.     

中国南方人群Fc受体γ链基因3′端非翻译区基因多态性与系统性红斑狼疮的关系

目的 探讨Fc受体γ链基因3’端非翻译区(3’-UTR)基因多态性现象在中国南方人群中的分布及与系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)易感性和临床表现的关系。方法 采用PCR-限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法检测180例SLE患者和140例正常对照组Fc受体γ链基因3’-UTR 3847及3804位点基因型。结果 SLE患者Fc受体γ链基因3’-UTR 3847位点CC基因型频率(8.9％)及C等位基因频率(32.7％)较对照组(2.9％及23.6％)明显升高(P<0.025);而TT基因型频率(43.3％)及T等位基因频率(67.3％)较对照组(55.7％及76.4％)明显降低(P<0.025)。SLE伴狼疮肾炎(LN)患者CC基因型频率及C等位基因频率较不伴LN的患者明显升高(P<0.05及P<0.025)。对Fc受体γ链基因3’-UTR 3804位点基因型的研究显示,在全部病例和对照组中仅1例SLE患者为TG型,其余均为TT型。结论 SLE患者Fc受体γ链基因3’-UTR 3847位点C等位基因与SLE发病及LN的发生有关。3804位点基因多态性现象在中国南方人群中少见,该位点的多态性与SLE发病无关。     

汉族人群白介素17受体C基因单核苷酸多态性与青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的相关性

【摘要】　目的：探讨白介素17受体C（IL-17RC）基因单核苷酸多态性与中国汉族人群青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS）易感性之间的相关性。方法：收集529例AIS女性患者及512例正常同龄女性青少年的静脉血标本,采用聚合酶链反应－限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）方法鉴定和统计两组人群IL-17RC基因rs708567和rs279545多态性位点的基因型及等位基因分布频率;比较两组间不同多态性位点各基因型及等位基因分布频率的差异。结果：研究Power值（81%）大于80%,AIS患者组及正常对照组各多态性位点的基因型分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg遗传平衡定律。AIS组rs708567多态性位点GG基因型和G等位基因的分布频率显著高于对照组GG基因型（90.17% vs. 85.55%,P=0.023）和G等位基因（95.1% vs. 92.8%,P=0.028）的分布频率;携带GG基因型青少年中AIS的发病率约为携带AG基因型青少年的1.5倍（OR值=1.55;95% CI:1.45~3.11）。rs279545多态性位点各基因型及等位基因的分布频率在两组间均无统计学差异。结论：中国汉族人群中IL-17RC基因单核苷酸多态性与AIS的发生相关。     

白细胞介素-1O启动子区域627位基因多态性与乙型肝炎肝硬化的关系

目的研究IL-10启动子区627位点多态性与乙型肝炎肝硬化的关系。方法应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—PFLP）等技术检测220例乙型肝炎肝硬化患者及200名健康对照者IL—10启动子627位等位基因及基因型频率的分布情况,分析其与肝硬化发病风险的相关性。结果IL—10启动子627位点AA和CA基因型及等位基因A在乙型肝炎肝硬化中的分布明显高于对照组（x^2=7．46、5．72和13．78,P值〈0．01或0．05）。结论IL-10启动子627位点基因多态性与乙型肝炎肝硬化相关。     

IL-10基因启动子区G-1082A及C-592A多态性与IgA肾病相关性研究

目的：探讨IL-10基因启动子区域G-1082A、C-592A多态性与汉族人群IgA肾病（IgAN）发病间关系。方法：用SSP-PCR方法对180例IgA肾病（IgAN）患者和163例健康对照组IL-10基因启动子区域-1082、-592位点单核苷酸多态性进行分析。结果：-1082位点IgA肾病患者AG/GG基因型频率显著高于正常对照组（为21.0% vs 11.7%,P〈0.05）;-1082位点G等位基因频率显著高于正常对照组（为11.0% vs 6.4%,P〈0.01）;携带有G等位基因者患IgA肾病危险性是携带有A等位基因者1.8倍,95%CI为1.12-3.20。-592位点IgA肾病患者AA、CA、CC基因型与正常对照组相比,无统计学差异（11.11% vs 16.56%;46.67% vs 51.53%;42.22% vs 31.90%,P〉0.05）;-592位点C等位基因频率与正常对照组相比,无统计学差异（32.21% vs 32.50%,P〉0.05）。结论：IL-10基因G-1082A是中国汉族人群IgA肾病患者的易感基因,携带G等位基因者患IgA肾病的危险性是携带A等位基因者的1.8倍。     

降钙素受体基因多态性与特发性高钙尿症的相关性研究

目的了解降钙素受体（CTR）基因单核苷酸多态性与特发性高钙尿症的关系，探讨特发性高钙尿的发病机理。方法提取湖北地区76例汉族特发性高钙尿患者及126例健康对照者外周血标本基因组DNA，应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性方法检测并分析CTR基因核苷酸序列1377位点C／T单核苷酸多态性分布。结果2组标本CTR基因C／T多态性位点等位基因频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg定律，患者组CC、TC、TT基因型分布频率分别为73．7％、17．1％、9．2％，对照组分别为89．7％、9．5％、0．8％；2组等位基因c、T分布频率分别为84．2％、15．8％和94．4％、5．6％，患者组等位基因T和TT基因型分布频率高于对照组，而等位基因C和CC基因型的分布频率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论CTR基因1377多态性位点C／T单核苷酸多态性在湖北地区汉族人群特发性高钙尿的发生中起重要作用。     

胃癌与细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原-4基因启动子区域多态性的相关性研究

目的探讨细胞毒性T淋巴细胞相关抗原（CTLA）-4基因启动子区-1722位点（T／C）多态性和-1661位点（A／G）多态性与中国汉族人群中胃癌的相关性。方法采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）-限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）方法，对183例胃癌患者和116例中国汉族正常对照者进行CTLA-4基因-1722位点和-1661位点多态性检测。结果与正常对照组比较，胃癌患者CTLA-4基因-1661位点AA基因型频率，-1661位点A等位基因频率显著降低（65．6％vs84．5％；P〈0．01；odds ratio=0．3499；95％CI=0．1943—0．6299；81．1％vs91．8％；P〈0．01；odds ratio=2．6040；95％CI=1．521—4．458）。结论CTLA-4基因启动子区-1661位点A等位基因与中国汉族胃癌显著相关。     

白细胞介素-18基因启动子区单核苷酸多态性与慢性丙型肝炎患者干扰素应答关系的研究

目的 探讨白细胞介素18(IL-18)基因启动子区-607C/A和-137G/C位点的单核苷酸多态性(SNP)与慢性丙型肝炎患者干扰素(IFN)疗效间的关系.方法 选取2005年9月23日至2012年8月20日山西医科大学第一医院感染科收治的199例慢性丙型肝炎患者,另选取180名健康人群作为对照.199例患者均采用普通IFNα或聚乙二醇干扰素α(PegIFNα)联合利巴韦林治疗.应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)及限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)方法检测2组人群IL-18基因启动子区-607 C/A及-137G/C位点的基因型,采用x2检验分析-607C/A和-137G/C位点的基因型和等位基因分布频率,及以上两个位点的SNP与IFN治疗后获得持续病毒学应答(SVR)之间的关系.结果 慢性丙型肝炎组中IL-18基因启动子区-137GG基因型和-137G等位基因的分布频率显著高于健康对照组(x2 =6.612和6.476,P=0.010和0.011),而-137GC基因型分布频率低于健康对照组(x2=5.548,P=0.019).-607位点为AA基因型的慢性丙型肝炎患者经IFN治疗后获得SVR率显著高于CA和CC基因型患者(x2 =4.195和5.230,P=0.041和0.022),且-607位点为A等位基因的患者获得SVR率显著高于C等位基因的患者(x2 =5.903,P =0.015).-137位点为GC基因型的患者获得SVR率显著高于GG基因型患者(x2 =5.869,P=0.015),且-137位点为C等位基因的患者获得SVR率显著高于G等位基因患者(x2=3.885,P=0.049).结论 IL-18基因启动子区-137位点G等位基因可能与HCV的遗传易感性有关.-607AA和-137GC基因型患者容易获得SVR,-607位点A等位基因及-137位点C等位基因有助于慢性丙型肝炎患者经IFN抗病毒治疗后获得SVR.     

白细胞介素16基因多态性与大肠癌发病风险的关系

目的：探讨中国山东籍汉族大肠癌（CRC）患者人群中,IL-16基因多态性与大肠癌发病风险的关系。 方法：在164例CRC患者和121名健康对照个体中,采用放大阻碍突变PCR（ARMS-PCR）方法对IL-16基因序列中的2个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）位点rs11556218和rs4778889进行基因分型,分析该2个位点的等位基因频率和基因型分布与CRC发病风险的关系。 结果：在CRC患者中,rs11556218的T/G等位基因频率和基因型分布与对照组的差异有统计学意义（P=0.021?725,P=0.001?033）;rs4778889的T/C等位基因频率及基因型分布与正常对照组的差异无统计学意义（P=0.057?946,P=0.064?229）。 结论：IL-16的rs11556218基因多态性与可能与CRC的易感性增加有关。     

云南红河地区哈尼族与昆明地区汉族Runx2基因多态性比较研究

目的 比较云南红河地区哈尼族与昆明地区汉族Runx2基因多态性。方法 将昆明医科大学第一附属医院120名汉族健康体检者作为汉族人群，云南省红河地区126名哈尼族作为哈尼族人群。应用聚合酶链反应-限制性片断长度多态性 (PCR-IFLP)方法分析Runx2基因第一启动子P1-330G/T位点等位基因多态性，应用RT-PCR TaqMan SNP基因分型技术分析 Runx2基因第二启动子P2-1025T/C位点等位基因多态性，并测序验证基因型。采用超声测量仪测量研究人群右足跟骨的骨密度（BMD)。比较汉族人群和哈尼族人群在基因型分布和等位基因频率之间的差异，分析哈尼族人群BMD与影响因素之间的关系。结果 Runx2基因P1-330G/T位点GG、GT、TT基因型分布以及G、T等位基因频率，Runx2基因P2-1025T/C位点 TT、TC、CC基因型分布以及T、C等位基因频率在云南昆明地区汉族、云南红河地区哈尼族人群间无统计学差异（P > 0. 05)。 Runx2基因P1-330G/T位点GG和GT基因型，Runx2基因P2-1025T/C位点TC和TT基因型在哈尼族人群BMD正常和减低组间的差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示，BMD与哈尼族人群Runx2基因P1-330 G/T位点、P2-1025T/C 位点、以及年龄因素的 OR 值和 95%CI 分别为：1.337，0.649 ~2.756;0. 132，0.024 ~0.710;1. 101，1.041 -1. 163。结论 云南红河地区哈尼族与昆明地区汉族Runx2基因P1-330G/T位点和P2-1025T/C位点的基因型分布以及等位基因频率无人群间差异和地域性差异。Runx2基因P1-330G/T位点和P2-1025T/C位点的基因型分布以及等位基因频率在云南省红河地区哈尼族人群BMD正常和减低组间存在显著差异。Runx2基因P1-330G/T位点与BMD无关，年龄是BMD的危险因素，Runx2基因 P2-1025T/C位点可能是BMD的保护因素，该位点的T等位基因可能是BMD的保护基因。     

Sex differences in estrogen receptor gene polymorphism and its association with lupus nephritis in Chinese

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Lupus nephritis (LN) is a clinical heterogeneous autoimmune disease and genetic factors contribute to the development of LN. One of the most striking characteristics in LN is the high prevalence among childbearing women, as well as that its clinical manifestation differs in women and men, suggesting the role of sex hormones in its pathogenesis. METHODS: The PvuII and XbaI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of estrogen receptor (ER) gene were analyzed in 245 biopsy-proven LN patients (58 males and 187 females) and 172 normal controls (101 males and 71 females) by PCR-RFLP. The clinical and pathological features of 49 male and 152 female LN patients with different genotypes were analyzed. RESULTS: It was found that genotype PpXx, ppxx and Ppxx were three major genotypes of ER gene in both of lupus patients and control groups. The distribution of ER gene polymorphism was quite different in lupus patients of different genders. The frequency of the PpXx genotype in male LN patients was significantly higher than both the gender matched normal controls (p < 0.05) and the female LN patients (p < 0.05), while no difference was shown in the frequency of PpXx genotype between female LN patients and gender matched controls. Interestingly, skin rashes and arthritis were found more common in the patients with PpXx genotype. The frequency of hematological abnormalities and hypertension were higher in patients with ppxx genotype (p < 0.05), while capillary thrombi and glomerular sclerosis were more frequently complicated in the patients with ppxx genotype. In addition, the renal vasculitis and interstitial injury were more frequent in those with Ppxx genotype (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The distribution of ER gene polymorphism in LN patients is distinct with different gender. The PpXx genotype of ER gene may be associated with the susceptibility of SLE in male. ER gene polymorphism is probably one of the genetic factors contributing to the development of clinical heterogeneity and sexually dimorphic manifestations of LN.     

Association of mannan-binding lectin gene polymorphisms withprogression of severe lupus nephritis

Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the mannan-binding lectin (MBL) gene with serum levels, development, progression and prognosis ofsevere lupus nephritis (LN). Methods A total of 107 severe lupus nephritis patients were enrolled in the study from January 2003 to October 2013. Integrated capillary electrophoresis was used to detect MBL gene polymorphism in peripheral blood DNA. ELISA was used to detect serum MBL concentration. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to analyse the relationship of renal function, kidney prognosis with the gene polymorphism of rs11003125. Cox regression model analysis was used to identify possible risk factors of kidney prognosis. Results SNPs in rs11003125, rs7096206, rs7095891 and rs1800450 were found. The serum MBL concentration of patients with GG genotype in rs11003125 was higher than that with GC genotype, and both were higher than that with CC genotype (P＜0.01). Patients with SNP of rs11003125 had higher systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure, serum creatinine, urea nitrogen, 24 hours urinary protein, and lower glomerular filtration rate, shorter mean renal survival time (P＜0.05). Progressive severe LN patients had higher GC+CC (91.9% vs 75.7%, P＝0.041), CT+TT（32.4% vs 14.3%, P＝0.027） genotype frequencies at promoter rs11003125 and rs7095891, respectively, compared with that of non-progressive severe LN patients. Conclusions rs11003125, rs7096206 and rs1800450 polymorphisms of MBL gene are associated with lower serum MBL levels in severe LN patients. rs11003125 promoter polymorphisms of MBL gene may contribute to the onset severity, progression and prognosis of severe lupus nephritis.     

Deletion polymorphism in the angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) gene as a genetic risk factor for sarcoidosis.

BACKGROUND: Genetic control of serum angiotensin I converting enzyme (SACE) levels has been suggested. A study was undertaken to elucidate the role of this polymorphism in sarcoidosis. METHODS: Three hundred and forty one unrelated healthy controls and 103 consecutive patients with sarcoidosis participated in the study. SACE levels and an insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in intron 16 of the ACE gene were studied in each subject and new reference intervals for SACE activity for each genotype were determined. The difference in genotype and allele frequencies between controls and patients was analysed and odds ratios were calculated to estimate the relative risk. RESULTS: A significant association was seen between ACE gene polymorphism and SACE levels in both patients and controls. The new reference intervals for each genotype discriminated abnormal SACE levels in patients more accurately, especially those with genotype II. In women the frequencies of allele I were 0.68 (allele D 0.32) in controls and 0.58 (allele D 0.42) in patients, and the difference between the two female groups was significant (p < 0.05). Thus, an excess of genotype ID or DD was observed in female patients (odds ratio 2.18; 95% confidence interval 1.18 to 4.01; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that ACE gene polymorphism is associated with SACE levels in both patients with sarcoidosis and controls. ACE gene polymorphism should be further evaluated as a candidate marker for an increased risk of sarcoidosis.     

GNB3 C825T等位基因多态性与原发性IgA肾病相关性研究

目的：研究G蛋白β3亚基（GNB3）C825T等位基因多态性与原发性IgA肾病（IgAN）的发生与病情进展。方法：病例组为216例原发性IgAN患者,对照组为200例健康志愿者。采用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）技术检测各组GNB3 825位点基因型。病例组分为高血压组与非高血压组;同时按基因型的不同将病例组分为TT组、CT组与CC组。结果：（1）病例组与对照组TT、CT、CC基因型频率分别为21.76%、54.63%、23.61%与18.00%、47.00%、35.00%,两组TT、TC、TT＋TC基因型与CC基因型分布频率存在统计学差异（P〈0.05）;病例组T等位基因分布频率高于对照组（49.07%vs 41.50%,P〈0.05）。（2）216例IgAN中,高血压组与非高血压组TT、CT、CC基因型频率分别为32.88%、49.31%、17.81%与16.09%、57.34%、26.57%（P〈0.05）。高血压组T等位基因频率较非高血压组明显增加（57.53%vs 44.76%,P〈0.05）。（3）病例组不同基因型携带者病理分级轻重无统计学差异（P〉0.05）。（4）病例组中不同基因型携带者在性别、年龄、体重指数、尿蛋白排泄量（〉1 g/d）、血肌酐水平、血胆固醇水平及三酰甘油水平无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,而高尿酸血症的发生存在统计学差异（P〈0.05）,TT组高尿酸血症患者较CT组及CC组高。结论：（1）病例组TT基因型和T等位基因频率较对照组明显增加,结果显示GNB3 825T等位基因可能与IgA肾病的发病有关,提示该基因可能与IgA肾病的遗传易感性相关。（2）GNB3 825T等位基因能影响IgA肾病患者高血压、高尿酸血症的发生。GNB3C825T等位基因多态性与IgA肾病发病及病情进展的相关机制有待进一步研究。     

人类白细胞抗原DR基因与狼疮性肾炎相关性的探讨

目的 从基因水平探讨人类白细胞DR抗原(HLA-DR)基因与中国北方汉人狼疮性肾炎(LN)的相关性。方法 采用特异性引物-聚合酶链式反应(PCR-SSP)方法,检测89例系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者及106例健康者HLA-DRB1基因类型,进行临床相关性分析。结果 SLE患者的HLA-DR2及DR9基因频率明显高于对照组(0.36/0.20,RR=2.36,P<0.001;0.27/0.18,RR=1.69,P<0.05);DR2及DR9同时阳性的35例患者中,LN的发病率明显高于其它患者(RR=4.93,P<0.005),而且抗dsDNA抗体的阳性率也较高(RR=2.66,P<0.05)。结论 中国汉人HLA-DR2及DR9基因可能与SLE的遗传易感性有关,两者有相加作用,DR2及DR9同时阳性的SLE患者易患LN。     

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸生长激素基因多态性研究

目的 研究生长激素(GH)基因多态性与青少年特发性脊柱侧凸(AIS)发生发展的关系.方法 本研究包括265例AIS患者及193名正常对照.在AIS患者组,记录其最大Cobb角.采用PCR-RFLP的方法 对GH基因启动子区域多态性位点rs2854184进行基因分型.结果 在AIS患者组,GH基因rs2854184多态性位点的3个基因型AA、AT、TT分别占38.3%,50.3%,11.4%,正常对照组分别占39.6%,50.2%,10.10k,2组比较差异无统计学意义.同样,在MS患者组rs2854184多态性位点的2个等位基因A、T分别占63.5%,36.5%,正常对照组分别占64.7%,35.3%,2组比较差异无统计学意义.另外在AIS组内,多态性位点rs2854184不同基因型所对应最大Cobb角分别是从33.8°±10.0°,AT 36.4°±15.0°,TT34.5°±9.1°,3者比较差异无统计学意义.结论 GH基因rs2854184位点多态性与AIS的发生发展没有明显关系.     

ACE gene polymorphism and renal scarring in primary vesicoureteric reflux

The objective of this study was to investigate whether mutations of the renin-angiotensin system genes are involved in primary vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) and VUR-associated renal scarring. The M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen ( ATG) gene, the I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin converting enzyme ( ACE) gene, and the A1166C polymorphism of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor ( AT1) gene were identified in 77 patients with primary VUR (aged 6.9+/-3.2 years, mean+/-SD) and 80 healthy controls (aged 33+/-7 years). Thirty-eight of the 77 VUR patients had low-grade VUR (grade I-III) and 39 had high-grade VUR (grade IV and V). Renal scarring was found in 43 VUR patients, while 34 patients had normal kidneys on dimercaptosuccinic acid scan. The ACE gene polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction and the ATG and AT1 gene polymorphisms were determined by single-step LightCycler technology. We found significant over-representation of the DD genotype in patients with renal scarring (44 %) compared with normal controls (23%, P<0.05) and patients with no scar formation (21%, P<0.05). Significantly higher D and significantly lower I allele frequencies were present in VUR patients with scarred kidneys (D allele 0.64 and I allele 0.36) compared with controls (D allele 0.53 and I allele 0.47, P<0.05) and patients with unscarred kidneys (D allele 0.4 and I allele 0.6, P<0.05). No differences in the ATG and AT1 genotype distributions and allele frequencies were observed in VUR patients compared with the normal population. The DD genotype and D allele of ACE may be a genetic susceptibility factor contributing to scar formation in VUR. We detected no linkage of genetic polymorphisms of ATG and AT1 to VUR and VUR-associated renal scarring.