系统性红斑狼疮自体外周造血干细胞移植风险分析

目的提高对系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)自体外周造血干细胞移植风险的认识。方法分析8例SLE自体造血干细胞移植病例的移植相关并发症。结果8例均出现移植后感染,其中真菌、巨细胞病毒和带状疱疹各1例。5例出现心血管并发症,表现为急性左心衰竭、心房颤动和频发室性早搏。没有严重的肝、肾功能损害。结论移植后感染和心血管并发症是SLE自体外周造血干细胞移植后主要移植风险。     

造血干细胞移植治疗白血病8例疗效观察

目的评价造血干细胞移植治疗白血病的疗效。方法2000年8月~2006年8月在我科住院的白血病患者8例,预处理后接受造血干细胞移植,自体外周血干细胞移植2例,自体骨髓移植1例,异体外周血干细胞移植3例,异体骨髓移植1例,非血缘脐带血干细胞移植1例。移植后进行对症治疗及相关并发症的预防。结果8例患者均获造血重建,2例死于移植相关合并症,2例死于急性白血病复发,4例无病生存24~66个月。结论造血干细胞移植治疗白血病是一种较好的方法,可以提高白血病患者的长期生存率。     

单倍体与同胞相合异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病疗效观察

目的:探讨单倍体与同胞相合异基因造血干细胞移植治疗恶性血液病疗效及影响预后的相关因素。方法:分析2013年6月—2019年12月于山西白求恩医院行异基因造血干细胞移植的82例恶性血液病患者的临床资料，急性髓系白血病51例，骨髓增生异常综合征11例，急性淋巴细胞白血病20例。同胞全相合异基因造血干细胞移植(MSD-HSCT)30例，单倍体异基因造血干细胞移植(Haplo-HSCT)52例。结果:82例患者中位随访时间为15个月，总植入率为87.8%,移植前疾病未缓解者MSD-HSCT组占26.7%(8/30),Haplo-HSCT组占15.4%(8/52),Haplo-HSCT组和MSD-HSCT组移植后2年总生存率(OS)分别为63.3%和65.4%,差异无统计学意义(P=0.771),其中Haplo-HSCT组患者Ⅰ～Ⅱ度急性移植物抗宿主病(aGVHD)发生率为73.1%(38/52),明显高于MSD-HSCT组的46.7%(14/30),差异有统计学意义(P=0.017),其余移植相关并发症包括植入失败率、Ⅲ～Ⅳ度aGVHD、外周血巨细胞病毒、EB病毒、出血性膀胱炎，2组比较均差异...     

造血干细胞移植中出血性膀胱炎的预防

造血干细胞移植的并发症之一是出血性膀胱炎(HC)。2000年4月至2002年4月,我们应用粘膜保护剂美斯钠,并水化、碱化尿液,预防造血干细胞移植治疗中HC21例,效果满意。现报告如下。 临床资料:本组21例均为在我院住院的血液病患者,均     

非清髓造血干细胞移植治疗再生障碍性贫血

目的:探讨非清髓性造血干细胞移植(NST)治疗再生障碍性贫血(再障)的方法及疗效。方法:采用非清髓预处理方案进行造血干细胞移植治疗再生障碍性贫血2例。1例为同胞间HLA配型6个位点完全相合的异基因外周血造血干细胞移植,另1例为同胞间HLA配型6个位点完全相合的脐血移植。预处理方案主要由抗胸腺细胞球蛋白(ATG)和环磷酰胺组成。用环孢素A和霉酚酸酯(MMF)预防移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)。结果:2例患者均获造血重建(分别为 5及 9d),2例均未发生GVHD。1例患者在治疗期间未出现感染表现,另1例患者出现CMV感染,给予更昔洛韦病情得以完全控制。2例分别无病生存8及17个月。结论:非清髓造血干细胞移植简便安全,并发症少,疗效好,为治疗再生障碍性贫血有效方法。     

单倍体造血干细胞移植联合脐带间充质干细胞输注治疗重型再生障碍性贫血-Ⅱ11例疗效及安全性研究

目的:评价脐带间充质干细胞(hUC-MSC)联合单倍体造血干细胞移植(Haplo-HSCT)治疗重型再生障碍性贫血-Ⅱ型(SAA-Ⅱ)的疗效和安全性。方法:回顾性分析11例接受Haplo-HSCT联合hUC-MSC治疗的SAA-Ⅱ患者的临床资料,观察移植后造血重建及移植相关并发症。结果:11例患者移植后均获得快速造血重建,中性粒细胞0.5×109/L和血小板20×109/L的中位植入时间分别为13(9~17)d和17(11~30)d。6例发生急性移植物抗宿主病,Ⅱ~Ⅳ度急性移植物抗宿主病发生率36.4%;3例发生慢性移植物抗宿主病,发生率27.3%。中位随访20(10~94)个月,11例患者中9例生存,总生存率81.8%。结论:亲缘Haplo-HSCT联合hUC-MSC输注治疗SAA-Ⅱ是安全、有效的,移植后造血重建快,移植物抗宿主病和感染是主要并发症。     

自体造血干细胞移植治疗老年多发性骨髓瘤的单中心回顾性分析

目的分析65岁以上老年多发性骨髓瘤患者接受自体造血干细胞移植治疗疗效和安全性。方法回顾性分析了自2020年3月1日至2022年10月31日在苏州弘慈血液病医院诊断并接受自体干细胞移植的28例65岁以上多发性骨髓瘤患者的疗效和安全性。接受移植的老年患者在移植前均进行了重要脏器功能评估。结果 28例患者接受移植时中位年龄67(66～72)岁, 中位采集造血干细胞CD34+细胞数为2.985×106/kg(2.036～9.5×106/kg), 中位采集天数2(1～3)d;造血干细胞回输后中性粒细胞植入中位时间10(9～14)d, 血小板植入中位时间11(10～29)d。中位随访时间25个月, 中位无进展生存时间未达到, 1年无进展生存期(PFS)率89.3%, 2年PFS率76.3%(其中2例行挽救性自体造血干细胞移植患者PFS起点设定为移植前再诱导治疗), 中位总生存时间未达到, 1年总生存期(OS)率100.0%, 2年OS率90.5%。结论对于经过评估筛选的65岁以上的老年多发性骨髓瘤患者, 自体造血干细胞移植是安全有效的治疗方案。     

自体造血干细胞移植治疗不同年龄段多发性骨髓瘤的安全性和有效性分析

目的:比较自体造血干细胞移植治疗65岁和≥65岁多发性骨髓瘤(MM)患者的疗效及安全性。方法:选取接受自体造血干细胞移植的MM患者共297例,根据患者年龄分为65岁组(n=209)和≥65岁组(n=88),对患者进行至少3个月以上的随访。比较2组患者在接受自体造血干细胞移植后的临床疗效、并发症发生情况以及移植后100 d内的死亡情况。结果:2组患者一般资料比较,如性别、ISS分期、D-S分期、诊断时肾功能情况、移植前疾病状态、预处理药物等,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患者临床疗效比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。65岁组的临床缓解率为90.91%(190/209),而≥65岁组的临床缓解率为86.36%(76/88),2组比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患者并发症发生情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。2组患者移植后100 d内死亡率比较,65岁组为2.39%(5/209),≥65岁组为2.27%(2/88),差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:自体造血干细胞移植治疗不同年龄段MM患者的疗效相似,安全性亦相当。因此,对于老年MM患者,自体造血干细胞移植亦可作为首要治疗手段。     

Ph染色体阳性白血病患者经伊马替尼治疗后行异基因造血干细胞移植的疗效观察

目的探讨Ph染色体阳性白血病患者经伊马替尼治疗后行异基因造血干细胞移植的疗效。方法回顾性分析2001年6月至2005年6月北京大学人民医院血液病研究所住院的难治性Ph染色体阳性的39例白血病患者经伊马替尼治疗后再行异基因造血干细胞移植的效果,观察伊马替尼对造血重建、移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)、总存活率(OS)、无病存活率(DFS)、复发率和移植相关并发症的影响。结果伊马替尼治疗后,18例患者血液学完全缓解,9例骨髓缓解,4例部分缓解,4例无效或疾病进展,总有效率79.49%,无重度非血液学毒性反应;移植后中性粒细胞和血小板植活中位时间分别为14d和13.5d;Ⅱ~Ⅳ度和Ⅲ~Ⅳ度急性GVHD累积发生率分别为61.53%和15.38%;根据对伊马替尼治疗的效应分为完全缓解组和未完全缓解组,其3年预期OS和DFS分别为(73.51±9.61)%对(36.36±14.50)%和(61.28±12.37)%对(31.25±13.98)%,3年累积复发率为20.41%对75.00%;4例患者死于重度移植相关并发症。结论应用伊马替尼后行异基因造血干细胞移植是一种安全、有效的治疗难治性Ph染色体阳性白血病的方法,尤其达完全缓解后行移植,可望提高此类患者的临床治愈率。     

异基因造血干细胞移植后人类细小病毒B19感染诊治经验及文献复习

目的:探讨异基因造血干细胞移植(allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, allo-HSCT)后细小病毒B19(parvovirus B19,PVB19)感染的临床表现、早期识别和诊断，为治疗提供临床经验。方法:回顾性分析2012年1月—2020年12月在我院血液肿瘤科造血干细胞移植中心行allo-HSCT的446例重型地中海贫血患者的临床资料，其中2例患者移植后感染PVB19(发病率0.45%),总结这2例患者的临床特征、实验室资料、治疗及预后。2例患者均采用清髓性预处理方案，应用宏基因组测序技术检测外周血病原微生物，通过定量PCR监测治疗前后体内病毒载量变化，结合临床评估治疗效果，并分别以PVB19感染和(或)骨髓移植和(或)干细胞移植和(或)造血干细胞移植、PVB19 infection and/or bone marrow transplantation and/or stem cell transplantation and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation为关键...     

Spontaneous rupture of the spleen in AL amyloidosis

The frequency of splenic involvement in AL amyloidosis is not precisely known. However, splenomegaly has been reported in 4-13% of patients. We report four cases of spontaneous splenic rupture in patients with AL amyloidosis. Splenic rupture was the initial manifestation of the disease in one of these patients. The other three experienced splenic rupture during or after high-dose intravenous melphalan with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (HDM/SCT): one during stem cell mobilization with G-CSF prior to HDM/SCT and two after hematopoietic recovery following treatment. Two of the four patients had Factor X deficiency, the most common coagulation abnormality associated with AL amyloidosis. All four patients underwent splenectomy without significant postoperative complications. Splenic rupture in AL amyloidosis as a complication of aggressive treatment with HDM/SCT has not been reported previously.     

Cardiovascular complications in long-term survivors after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are emerging late effects after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), leading to considerable morbidity and mortality. These late CVD are in most cases related to enhanced atherosclerosis, promoted by the early appearance after transplantation of cardiovascular risk factors. According to the data obtained from the general population it is very likely that early intervention on these cardiovascular risk factors might defer the appearance of late CVD. This review focuses on the published data of cardiovascular diseases after transplantation, the potential associated risk factors, and the postulated pathophysiological mechanisms. A suggested approach for early identification of patients at risk, optimal surveillance, and screening of the modifiable cardiovascular risk factors and the possible early interventions are also discussed here. Long-term survivors should be assessed lifelong after HSCT; all healthcare providers involved in the follow-up of these patients should be aware of premature health threatening of cardiovascular diseases after transplantation.     

Infectious complications after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: epidemiology and interventional therapy strategies--guidelines of the Infectious Diseases Working Party (AGIHO) of the German Society of Hematology and Oncology (DGHO)

The risk of infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation is determined by the underlying disease, the intensity of previous treatments and complications that may have occurred during that time, but above all, the risk of infection is determined by the selected transplantation modality (e.g. HLA-match between the stem cell donor and recipient, T cell depletion of the graft, and others). In comparison with patients treated with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation, patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation are at a much higher risk of infection even after hematopoietic reconstitution, due to the delayed recovery of T and B cell functions. The rate at which immune function recovers after hematopoietic reconstitution greatly influences the incidence and type of post-transplant infectious complications. Infection-associated mortality, for example, is significantly higher following engraftment than during the short neutropenic period that immediately follows transplantation.     

Living-Donor Lobar Lung Transplantation for Broncho-Bronchiolitis Obliterans after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Does Bronchiolitis Obliterans Recur in Transplanted Lungs?

We report a successful case of living-donor lobar lung transplantation (LDLLT) for therapy-resistant broncho-bronchiolitis obliterans (BBO) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is one of the late-onset noninfectious pulmonary complications that occur after allogeneic HSCT and is usually resistant to immunosuppressive therapy. A 17-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) had undergone allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from an HLA-matched sibling in 1997. Five years later, she relapsed with ALL and was treated with chemotherapy following stem cell rescue and donor lymphocyte infusion from the original BMT donor. Eight months later, BBO resistant to immunosuppressive therapies, including rituximab, developed in combination with chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In February 2004, the patient underwent LDLLT from 2 other family members who were mismatched at 3 HLA loci. The patient has been in good health for more than 30 months following LDLLT and shows no sign of BBO in the transplanted lungs, just as with other patients who have undergone lung transplantation for BO associated with chronic GVHD. LDLLT may therefore be considered a viable therapeutic option for the treatment of BO after allogeneic HSCT.     

原位肝移植术后心血管并发症的临床处理

目的 总结肝移植术后常见的心血管系统并发症及其可能的原因和防治方法。方法 对中山大学第一附属医院1993年4月至2001年12月间的肝移植病例住院期间术后近期发生的心血管系统并发症进行回顾性分析。结果 88位患者实施了89例次肝移植,65例患者发生心血管系统并发症,同心血管并发症相关的病死率为12.4％(11/89)。术后凝血功能紊乱可能是发生心肌缺血的主要原因;心力衰竭程度随术中输血量不同差异有显著性(x~2=5.714,P<0.05);术后高血压的发生与多种因素有关。结论 心血管系统并发症是肝移植术后常见的和严重的并发症之一,并有较高的病死率。合适的病例选择,维持凝血机制及出入量的平衡是降低术后心血管并发症的关键。     

One‐year low‐dose valacyclovir as prophylaxis for varicella zoster virus disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A prospective study of the Japan Hematology and Oncology Clinical Study Group

K. Oshima, T. Takahashi, T. Mori, T. Matsuyama, K. Usuki, Y. Asano‐Mori, F. Nakahara, S. Okamoto, M. Kurokawa, Y. Kanda. One‐year low‐dose valacyclovir as prophylaxis for varicella zoster virus disease after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. A prospective study of the Japan Hematology and Oncology Clinical Study Group
Transpl Infect Dis 2010: 12: 421–427. All rights reserved Abstract: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) disease is a frequent complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We carried out a trial of 1‐year low‐dose valacyclovir (VCV) prophylaxis against VZV disease to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Patients received oral acyclovir (ACV) 1000 mg/day until day 35 after HSCT. Oral VCV 500 mg/day, 3 times a week, was started on day 36 and continued until 1 year after HSCT. The development of VZV disease was monitored until 2 years after HSCT. A total of 40 patients with a median age of 43 years were enrolled. VCV was well tolerated in all but 1 patient who discontinued it on day 224 because of thrombocytopenia of unknown cause. Seven patients developed VZV disease at a median of 479 days (range 145–651) after HSCT, with a cumulative incidence of 18.5%. Two patients developed breakthrough disease during VCV prophylaxis. The other 5 patients developed VZV disease after the discontinuation of VCV, and 3 of these had developed extensive chronic graft‐versus‐host disease. Visceral involvement and serious complications were completely eliminated. All patients responded to the therapeutic dose of VCV or ACV. One‐year low‐dose VCV can be safely and effectively administered for the prevention of VZV disease after allogeneic HSCT.     

Non-infectious bronchiolitis as an early pulmonary complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Pulmonary complications occur in up to 60% of patients after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), causing significant morbidity and mortality. Among them, non-infectious bronchiolitis is considered a late complication in the form of bronchiolitis obliterans. We report a patient who developed non-infectious bronchiolitis within four weeks after undergoing HSCT for biphenotypic leukemia. Chest CT revealed centrilobular nodules that were reminiscent of diffuse panbronchiolitis, and lymphocytic bronchiolitis was confirmed by biopsy. Infection and bronchiolitis obliterans were ruled out, and the bronchiolitis resolved when leukemia relapsed. This case suggests that bronchiolitis may be another early, non-infectious pulmonary complication of HSCT.     

Acute pancreatitis following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: prevalence and cause of pancreatic amylasemia

To clarify the frequency and cause of acute pancreatitis following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT), we examined retrospectively 57 patients who underwent hematopoietic SCT in our institute from 1984 to 2000. Twelve (21%) of the patients showed an elevated level of serum pancreatic amylase following SCT. However, only 3 patients were clinically diagnosed as having acute pancreatitis. Among these 12 patients, 11 had undergone allogeneic transplantation. Furthermore, patients who had undergone unrelated transplantation (7/16; 44%) tended to show a higher incidence of increased amylase than those who had undergone related transplantation (4/24; 17%). Six patients were at an advanced stage of acute GVHD (grade III or IV) and all showed an elevated level of serum amylase, whereas only four patients showed an elevated serum amylase level among 34 with mild acute GVHD (grade I or II) or without GVHD. Furthermore, five out of 12 patients who showed an increased amylase level were concurrently diagnosed as having viral infection such as cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, or varicella zoster virus. We conclude that pancreatitis following SCT occurs more often than realized, and is mostly subclinical. This is closely associated with severe acute GVHD, and possibly viral infection.     

Second malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: new insight and current problems

With increased number of patients surviving on the long term, late effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation have become of major clinical importance. Among these late effect, second malignancies have increasingly been recognized in the recent years. It has been usual to divide the problem of secondary malignancies following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation into three groups, i.e. leukemia, lymphoma and solid tumors. Recent clinical and biological data on these three types of malignancies, occurring after allogeneic stem cell transplantation, are summarized in this review. We will focus here only on second malignancies after allogeneic stem cell transplantation with particular emphasis on recent development on the pathogenesis, and early diagnosis, and treatment of these transplant-related complications.     

Second autologous stem cell transplant for multiply relapsed Hodgkin's disease

Therapeutic options for patients with Hodgkin's disease who relapse after high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell support are limited. Salvage chemotherapy is not curative, and allogeneic stem cell transplantation in this setting is associated with mortality rates of 40-65%. We report our institution's experience with second autologous transplants in this patient population. Five patients (median age 36) with relapsed Hodgkin's disease underwent a second autologous stem cell transplant at a median of 66 months after first transplant. Four patients received CBV, and one patient received BuCy as conditioning. Neutrophil and platelet engraftment occurred by days +10 and +16, respectively. All patients achieved a complete response, and no relapses have occurred after a median follow-up of 42 months. All four patients who received CBV developed interstitial pneumonitis, and two patients died of pulmonary complications 37 and 48 months following second transplant. Three patients remain alive and disease-free 41, 42 and 155 months after second transplant. These data indicate that second autologous transplantation should be considered for selected patients who relapse after a prolonged response to first autologous transplant. However, BCNU pneumonitis is the major toxicity in patients who have undergone previous mantle radiation and received busulfan with first transplant.