伊朗亚兹德小儿斜视的流行与手术结果的调查研究

目的: 对伊朗亚兹德不同类型斜视的发病率及术后效果的调查。方法: 在此描述性研究中,对年龄低于 16 岁患斜视人群的医疗记录进行回顾性分析。收集术后效果及并发症的问卷数据,对其进行统计学分析。卡方检验用于定性分析,曼-惠特尼 U 检验用于定量分析。结果: 11a 间有 685 例儿童性斜视确诊。斜视类型如下:307 例 ( 44. 8% ) 外斜视,294 例 ( 42. 9% ) 内斜视,84 例( 12. 2%) 水平斜视合并垂直斜视。术后 280 例( 73. 9%)调整到正常水平( 水平偏差范围< 8Δ) 。结论: 研究中最常见的类型为外斜视。术后效果与已发表文献具有可比性。但仍需较长时间随访以评估手术效果。     

共同性外斜视125例手术效果分析

目的:分析共同性外斜视的手术疗效及其可能的影响因素。方法:对125例共同性外斜视患者进行随访观察,并对其术后眼位进行回顾性分析。结果:术后近期正位率80.8%,远期正位率77.5%,回退率3.3%。结论:共同性外斜视手术效果与手术设计、患者的自身因素及术后反应等诸多因素都有关系。     

共同性外斜视79例手术疗效分析

目的:分析共同性外斜视的手术疗效及其可能的影响因素。方法:共同性外斜视手术患者79例进行随访观察,并对其术后眼位进行回顾性分析。结果:术后近期正位率82%,远期正位率为80%。结论:共同性外斜视的手术效果与手术原则和设计、患者的自身因素及术后反应等诸多因素有关。     

手术矫正142例共同性外斜视的临床研究

目的总结共同性外斜视术后眼位的变化情况、手术疗效及可能的影响因素。方法对142例共同性外斜视患者进行术后随访观察,并对其手术效果进行总结、分析。结果 142例共同性外斜视患者术后1周发现正位122人,正位率85.92%,术后1年随访正位110人,正位率77.46%。结论共同性外斜视手术效果与手术设计、患者年龄、屈光状态、斜视的类型、斜视病程、双眼视功能等诸多因素有关。应尽早手术矫正眼位,才能有利于患者建立和恢复双眼视功能。     

手术显微镜下斜视矫正手术的临床疗效

目的 探讨手术显微镜下斜视矫正手术的可行性和并发症的发生情况.方法 128例斜视随机分为两组,手术显微镜下斜视矫正手术70例为试验组,肉眼直视下传统斜视矫正手术58例为对照组.术后随访时间6 ～12个月,平均(8.20±2.41)月,观察患者眼位矫正情况及结膜切口瘢痕、肌肉缝线反应、结膜下囊肿、术后感染、眼前段缺血综合征等并发症发生情况.结果 试验组眼位矫正有效率97.14％,对照组眼位矫正有效率96.55％,两组眼位矫正效果对比,差异无统计学意义(x2=0.04,P＞0.05).试验组并发症发生率1.43％,对照组并发症发生率10.34％,两组差异有统计学意义(x2=4.88,P＜0.05).结论 手术显微镜下斜视矫正手术是可行的,具有与传统斜视矫正手术相同的效果,显微斜视矫正手术具有术后反应轻、并发症少等明显优势.     

斜视手术2100例回顾分析

目的:探讨斜视的诊断和手术治疗技巧。方法:回顾分析2100例斜视的临床特点及手术治疗,包括性别、年龄、临床特征、就诊季节、弱视治疗、手术时机、手术方式的选择和手术并发症等。结果:2100例斜视纳入研究(其中男1105例,女995例);各年龄段分别为:<10岁,684例(32.57%);11～20岁,895例(42.62%);21～40岁,432例(20.57%);>40岁,89例(4.24%);其中共同性内斜视882例(42.00%)、共同性外斜视845例(40.23%),非共同性内斜视172例(8.19%),非共同性外斜视130例(6.19%),先天性眼球震颤45例(2.14%),A-V征26例(1.24%)。共同性斜视早期采取水平直肌加强和减弱术,使患者建立同时视觉和治疗弱视;眼球震颤患者头位<30°的采用Parks法矫正,头位>30°者手术量增加40%～60%;A-V征斜视应针对病因,合理正确选择斜肌或直肌肌腱移位术式;急性眼外肌麻痹的病因诊断非常重要,Jensen联结术是有效的手术方式。结论:斜视和弱视并存的手术时机非常重要。复杂性斜视手术的成功率取决于术前的正确诊断、手术方案的制定、手术量的设计和术中的经验判断。     

儿童几种不同斜视类型手术探讨

目的 对儿童几种不同斜视类型进行了分析,并提出儿童斜视早期手术的必要性及手术时机的关键性.方法 对168例儿童不同斜视的手术年龄、适应证、手术方法及手术量的估计进行了探讨及分析.对调节性内斜视根据AC/A比值;融合力的大小及戴全矫远视镜后出现的内斜度数来确定手术方法,间歇性外斜视和恒定性外斜视,根据外斜视的3种类型选择手术方法.并对其效果作了评定.结果 在追踪随访中,Ⅰ级治愈119例,占70.83%.其中内斜视46例(包括部分调节性内斜视),外斜视29例,A-V征14例,麻痹性斜视26例,上斜视4例.Ⅱ级良好35例占20.83%,Ⅲ级差14例占8.33%.结论 通过总结分析认为儿童斜视应当尽早手术矫正,这不仅有助于儿童立体视觉的恢复,而且还可防止弱视的发生.建立和维护正常立体视功能,是对儿童斜视早期手术的根本目的 .     

改良Parks切口联合直肌线状折叠术治疗共同性斜视

目的: 探讨改良Parks切口联合直肌线状折叠术治疗共同性斜视的疗效。方法: 采用回顾性病例研究。对我院2010-06/2012-12采用显微镜下改良Parks切口联合直肌线状折叠术的共同性斜视患者105例157眼进行研究,分析其术后1wk;1,3,6mo的斜视度数变化。结果: 术后1wk;1,3,6mo斜视度与术前斜视度比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05);术后1wk与6mo斜视度比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。所有患者无眼前节缺血、结膜愈合不良等并发症。结论: 改良Parks切口联合直肌线状折叠术治疗共同性斜视,术后效果满意,手术操作简单、创伤小、并发症少。     

儿童共同性外斜视手术治疗59例

目的:探讨影响儿童共同性外斜视手术疗效的因素。方法:对59例平均随访17.7(3～64)mo的儿童共同性外斜视术后患者,按年龄、双眼视觉、斜视类型、术式分组进行回顾性研究,经统计学处理,观察各因素对疗效的影响。结果:眼位:正位43例(73%);内斜3例(5%);外斜13例(22%)。眼位正位率与手术年龄、斜视类型无相关性;与术前有无融合功能、斜视是否为间歇性、术式有关。学龄前手术组的立体视功能恢复率较高。结论:儿童共同性外斜视在斜视仍为间歇性、融合功能未丢失之前手术疗效较好。术式对术后眼位有较大影响。早期手术有利于双眼视功能的恢复。     

间歇性外斜视的手术治疗

目的探讨间歇性外斜视的手术时机和疗效。方法对96例间歇性外斜视患者进行手术治疗,按年龄、术式、斜视类型、融合功能分组进行研究并观察疗效。结果96例随访6月-3年,正位77例(80.21%), 外斜18例(18.75%),内斜1例(1.04%),眼位正位率与年龄、术式、斜视类型均无相关性(p>0.05),而与术前融合机能有关(p<0.05)。结论术前融合功能对术后眼位影响较大,早期手术及同视机训练可获得双眼单视功能。     

Manejo del estrabismo asociado al glaucoma de la infancia: serie de casos

ObjectiveTo evaluate the different modalities of treatment of the strabismus related to infantile glaucoma, its complications, and results.MethodsThe clinical history of 7 patients with infantile glaucoma which required strabismus surgical treatment were analyzed. Age at onset of glaucoma, type of glaucoma, glaucoma surgeries, type of strabismus, strabismus surgical treatment and postoperative results were studied.ResultsFour patients required strabismus surgery, two were treated with botulinum toxin and one required both. Primary congenital glaucoma was the most common (71,42%), 14,28% had an anterior segment dysgenesis and 14,28% had secondary glaucoma. Regarding strabismus, 4 patients had exotropia and 3 had esotropia. The main difficulty involved the management of the conjunctiva and the filtering blebs.ConclusionStrabismus is a frequent complication in infantile glaucoma. The management of these patients should be individualized. In our case series, treatment of strabismus improved eye alignment. Surgery should be the mainstay of treatment while preserving the conjunctiva and interfere the less with glaucoma surgeries. Botulinum toxin is a reasonable option when conservative treatment is needed.     

斜视矫正术中并发症的处理

目的探讨斜视矫正术中并发症的处理方法及效果。方法回顾研究了2003年8月至2006年5月完成的348例斜视手术,对术中出现的并发症、处理及效果进行观察。结果348例斜视手术中,术中巩膜穿孔3例,一例在行肌肉退后时发生,两例发生于肌肉缩短时,发生穿孔后即行巩膜外冷冻,术后随访未发现有进一步损害发生;术中缝线被剪断7例,牵引肌肉断端,重新安置套环缝线后继续完成手术;全麻术中发生严重眼心反射1例,患者出现频发室性早博,不得不终止手术,二次手术时加用阿托品及球后利多卡因浸润麻醉,平稳完成手术;术中严重出血1例,考虑为肌鞘缝合不完整所致;肌肉滑脱1例,为行内直肌缩短时发生,经仔细寻找得断端,完成手术。结论斜视矫正术中操作须认真细致,一旦发生并发症,冷静应对通常仍可取得较好手术效果。     

水平直肌斜视矫正术对散光的影响

目的:探讨水平直肌斜视矫正术对患者散光的影响。方法:选取30名水平斜视患者进行前瞻性研究,对所有患者术前和术后第1d均进行三棱镜交替遮盖试验、视力和屈光检查,根据三棱镜度进行不同的手术矫正。将术前和术后测定的散光值转变为Cartesian坐标系下的数值,然后再对术前和术后第1d的散光变化进行统计学分析。结果:共有30名患者50眼参与本次研究,所有接受水平直肌斜视矫正术的患者术后第1d较术前散光无显著性变化。结论:水平直肌斜视矫正术对患者散光无显著影响,长期效果需进一步观察。     

盐酸奥布卡因表面麻醉剂在斜视矫正术中的应用

目的:探讨盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液表面麻醉下行斜视矫正术的临床麻醉效果。方法:对118例斜视患者术前滴盐酸奥布卡因滴眼液5次,常规行斜视矫正术。结果:Ⅰ级麻醉效果83例(70.3%),Ⅱ级麻醉效果34例(28.8%),因眼胃反射终止手术1例。结论:盐酸奥布卡因表面麻醉下行斜视矫正术安全、有效、并发症少,简单易行。     

A 4 year retrospective survey of strabismus surgery in Tongren Eye Centre Beijing

Purpose: To investigate the distribution pattern of the strabismus surgery undertaken at an eye centre in Beijing, China. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted including the data of all strabismus surgeries performed in Beijing Tongren hospital for the 4 year period from 2003 to 2006. The proportions of different surgery types and their association with patients’ age and gender were analyzed. Result: During the study period, 8997 strabismus surgeries were performed. The number of the surgeries increased progressively each year from 1507 in 2003 to 2769 in 2006 (p < 0.05). Intermittent exotropia was the most common of all strabismus surgeries (27.9%). Superior oblique palsy was the most common type among the paralytic strabismus surgeries. The proportions of different types of strabismus showed no significant change between successive years. Among the patients, the number of surgeries performed in the population aged 0–12 years was significantly higher than other age groups and increased from 35.37% in 2003 to 42.80% in 2006 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There has been a continuous increase in the number of strabismus operations in our eye centre in Beijing, and this pattern is especially obvious in children. The distribution of surgery type remained relatively constant each year. Surgery for intermittent exotropia is the most common type of procedure.     

Long-term Surgical Outcomes for Vertical Deviations in Thyroid Eye Disease

Introduction: Vertical deviations in thyroid eye disease (TED) can present a surgical challenge due to the difficulty and unpredictability of surgery and the high risk of postoperative drift towards overcorrection. This study reports the postoperative outcomes of patients who underwent adjustable vertical strabismus surgery with Vicryl sutures for thyroid eye disease. Methods: We reviewed the records of patients seen for vertical TED strabismus surgery from January 2005 through December 2009. Clinical details were recorded preoperatively, post-adjustment, and at 3 weeks, 3 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Results: The study included 42 patients. Mean age was 62.4 years and 70% were female. All patients were diplopic preoperatively. The mean near vertical deviation was 21.1 prism diopters (PD) preoperatively, 4.0 PD at 3 weeks postoperatively, 5.0 PD at 3 months, and 4.4 PD at 1 year (all mean results representing undercorrection). 71.4% were free of diplopia postoperatively. Seven patients required further surgery, 2 patients needed further botulinum toxin A. Eight patients experienced an overcorrection; five at 3 weeks, seven at 3 months, and eight at 1 year. There was a significant difference in the mean near angle at tie-off post-adjustment in the patients that overcorrected compared to those that did not reverse (3.1 PD vs 7.1 PD; P=0.005). Discussion: Adjustable surgery for vertical strabismus in thyroid eye disease may result in late overcorrection and the need for further intervention. We propose that aiming for an immediate post-adjustment angle of 8 PD undercorrection for near would allow for postoperative drift and reduce the chances of a late overcorrection. This would require careful preoperative counseling of the patient in order to explain that immediate undercorrection and persistent diplopia were necessary in order to generate a better long-term result.     

斜视手术前后双眼视觉的临床研究

目的探讨斜视对双眼视觉的影响及不同双眼视检查方法的评价。方法89例共同性斜视分为间歇性外斜、恒定性外斜及恒定性内斜3组。定量测量斜视度；检查双眼视觉状态及视网膜对应情况；测定远近立体视锐度。并观察斜视手术前及手术后1周、1月的斜视度、双眼视觉状态及远、近立体视锐度变化。结果3组术后双眼视功能较术前均有明显改善（P〈0．05），术后1周与1月双眼视功能的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）；恒定性斜视术后立体视恢复好于间歇性外斜视，且近立体视恢复好于表视；立体视检查非随机点画片（Titmus与Optec3500）与随机点画片（TNO）检查结果的差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）；线状镜较Worth四点检测阳性率高；大于9岁患者术后双眼视觉较术前增加32％。结论斜视手术是恢复、重建双眼视觉的有效方法，不同检测方法结果不一致，需综合考虑。     

Ruxandra Sireteanu (1945–2008)

Purpose: Large-angle strabismus is a gray zone for surgeons with various advocates for one, two-, three-, or even four-muscle surgeries. Very frequently, reoperations are required in these cases in order to achieve a successful outcome. In this article, the authors evaluate the outcome of concomitant large-angle strabismus after a single surgical procedure.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all operated cases of concomitant large-angle strabismus (50 prism diopters or more) during a 1.5-year period was performed from patient’s case files. A successful outcome of surgery was defined as deviation within 10 prism diopters of orthophoria/tropia for both distance and near.

Results: Fifty patients met the inclusion criteria. The overall success rate was 60%, with the esotropia group having a higher success rate (68.75%) than the exotropia group (44.45%). Ten patients underwent recess-resect procedure, 20 had bimedial rectus recession, and 3 had bilateral lateral rectus recession, while 17 patients had surgery on 3 horizontal rectus muscles. Thirty-three patients had two-muscle surgery with a success rate of 57.58%, while 17 patients had three-muscle surgery with a success rate of 64.71%, the difference being statistically insignificant. There was no statistically significant difference between the various age groups analyzed for overall success rate, suggesting that age group is not a factor for positive outcome in large-angle strabismus surgery. A total of 12 patients were amblyopic at the time of strabismus surgery and they had a success rate of 33.33%, which was much poorer than the success rate (68.42%) of the remaining 38 patients who did not have amblyopia at the time of surgery.

Conclusions: A good surgical outcome can be obtained in large-angle strabismus with a single surgical procedure, though a randomized controlled study needs to be done to establish whether three-muscle surgeries give better results than two-muscle surgeries.     

角膜缘梯形结膜瓣切口与改良Parks切口对斜视患者泪膜功能及术后并发症的影响

目的:探讨角膜缘梯形结膜瓣切口与改良Parks切口对斜视患者泪膜功能及术后并发症的影响。方法:前瞻性研究,选择2017-01/2019-10于南阳医专一附院手术治疗的斜视患者作为研究对象,分为结膜瓣切口组(60例82眼,行角膜缘梯形结膜瓣切口斜视手术)及改良Parks组(62例83眼,行改良Parks切口斜视手术),评价斜视治疗效果,于手术前后进行干眼症状评分,泪液分泌试验(SⅠt)、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)及角膜荧光素染色(FL)评分,采用眼表综合分析仪测定泪河高度(TMH)、非侵入性泪膜破裂时间(NIKBUT),手术满意度及不良反应。结果:两组患者均完成手术,角膜缘梯形结膜瓣切口组、改良Parks组分别有80、79眼达到眼位基本正位(±10PD以内),两组治愈率比较无差异(P>0.05)。改良Parks组术后7d SⅠt、BUT、FL评分、NIKBUT与角膜缘梯形结膜瓣切口组比较有差异(P<0.05)。术后14d改良Parks组SⅠt、BUT、TMH、NIKBUT较角膜缘梯形结膜瓣切口组有差异(P<0.05)。角膜缘梯形结膜瓣切口组及改良Parks组手术总体并发症发生率无差异(7.3%vs 2.4%,P>0.05),总体满意度有差异(83.3%vs 95.2%,P<0.05)。结论:角膜缘梯形结膜瓣切口与改良Parks切口手术术式对斜视均有较好的矫正效果,但改良Parks切口手术对泪膜稳定性影响较小,手术满意度较高。     

Corneal Topographical Changes Following Strabismus Surgery

Purpose: To study corneal topographical changes after strabismus surgery. Methods: Computer-aided corneal topography was used in 43 strabismus patients (45 eyes) one or two days prior to and six or seven days after strabismus surgery. The spherical and cylindrical equivalents were calculated based on the simulated keratome-try.Results: After the surgery, only the changes at 3mm in the inferior quadrant were statistically significant. The changes at 3mm in the rest quadrants and the changes at 7mm were not significant. Significant changes in spherical equivalent were found post-operatively. Neither the horizontal nor the vertical meridional equivalent showed significant changes after surgery.Conclusions: The results of corneal topographical changes following strabismus surgery in our preliminary study indicated the little effect of strabismus surgery on corneal curvature and corneal astigmatism. Eye Science 1999; 15: 174 - 178.