重组L—门冬酰胺酶前体脂质体对急性淋巴白血病小鼠的治疗作用和毒性考察

目的考察重组L-门冬酰胺酶前体脂质体(L-ASNasePL)与重组L-门冬酰胺酶（L-Asparaginase,L-ASNase）对移植性小鼠急性淋巴白血病的作用,及相关急性毒性。方法采用DBA／2小鼠L1210腹水瘤模型,L-ASNasePL组和L-ASNase组小鼠每天腹腔注射一次,连续10d。另设L-ASNasePL组小鼠静脉注射给药,给以最大药物浓度（4000kU·m1     

苏复宁洗液(冻干)制剂质量标准研究

<正>研究表明,苏木水提取液对多种肿瘤细胞系均具有极强的杀伤作用[1,2],对小鼠艾氏腹腔积液癌、小鼠白血病P388及L1210移植性腹腔积液瘤动物模型,可明显延长其生存时间,对小鼠S180肉瘤显示出极强的抑瘤活性,且毒副反应明显低于多种临床常用的抗癌药物[3-5]。     

重组L-门冬酰胺酶前体脂质体对HL-60细胞的生长影响

目的研究L-门冬酰胺酶脂质体对体外培养的人早幼粒细胞白血病(HL-60)细胞活性的影响.方法MTT测定L-门冬酰胺酶脂质体的抗肿瘤活性,电镜观察药物对肿瘤细胞形态学的影响,流式细胞仪检测药物对肿瘤细胞周期的影响.结果L-门冬酰胺酶脂质体(经前体脂质体水合而得)组与肿瘤细胞作用后,HL-60细胞的G0/G1期细胞量明显增加,而进入S期的细胞明显减少.增殖指数L-门冬酰胺酶脂质体组的PI值显著下降.HL-60细胞凋亡比例显著增多.结论L-门冬酰胺酶脂质体抑制HL-60细胞的繁殖,可能与抑制细胞的S期有关.     

聚乙二醇化学修饰的重组L-门冬酰胺酶对小鼠白血病细胞P388的抑制作用

目的 :考察聚乙二醇 (polyethyleneglycol,PEG)化学修饰的重组L 门冬酰胺酶 (recombinantL asparaginase ,rL ASP)的抗肿瘤活性。方法 :PEG化学修饰rL ASP ,获得的化学修饰酶 (polyethylenegly colmodifiedrecombinantL asparaginase ,rL ASP PEG)利用十二烷基硫酸钠 聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法 (sodi umdodecylsulfatepolyacrylamidegelelectrophoresis ,SDS PAGE)观察其分子大小变化 ,四甲基偶氮唑盐(3 (4 ,4 dimcthylthioazol 2 yl) 2 ,5 diphenyl tetrazoliumbromide ,MTT)法和流式细胞仪 (flowcytometer,FCM )检测rL ASP PEG对体外培养的小鼠白血病细胞P3 3 8增殖作用的抑制作用 ,腹腔给药考察rL ASP PEG对小鼠移植性实体瘤P3 3 8抑瘤效果 ,透射电镜(transmissionelectronmicroscopy ,TEM )观察rL ASP PEG引起的肿瘤组织超微病理变化。结果 :SDS PAGE显示 ,rL ASP PEG的分子量大于rL ASP ;MTT实验表明 ,rL ASP PEG能抑制体外培养的小鼠P3 88白血病细胞的增殖 ,半数有效浓度 (inhibitoryconcen tration 5 0 % ,IC50 )为 2 .0 5 6IU·ml-1。FCM结果表明 ,rL ASP PEG主要将肿瘤细胞P3 88抑制在G0 G1期 ,S期细胞减少。DBA 2荷瘤小鼠的抑瘤实验表明rL ASP PEG对移植性实体瘤P3 3 8有显著抑制作用 ,P值     

胡桃醌对肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制作用和抗菌作用

本文主要探讨胡桃醌对部分移植性肿瘤细胞增殖作用的影响。经72h的作用结果表明,胡桃醌对不同肿瘤细胞的增殖抑制浓度分别为:HeLa Cell IC_(50) 13.8μg/ml,P388 CellIC_(50) 9.8μg/ml,P388/ADR Cell IC_(50) 7.1μg/ml,S180 Cell IC_(50) 11.6μg/ml. 从胡桃醌对S_(180)细胞的增殖抑制作用,可以得出该化合物的作用方式有,杀伤细胞与浓度的依赖关系。     

川陈皮素对肝癌细胞的抑制作用

目的 研究川陈皮素对肝癌细胞的抑制作用.方法 不同浓度的川陈皮素作用于人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721细胞,用MTF法、细胞生长曲线实验研究其对SMMC-7721细胞的生长抑制作用,Giemsa染色观察细胞形态变化,初步研究其体外抑瘤作用;建立小鼠H22肝癌移植性实体瘤模型,研究川陈皮素对肝癌的体内抑制作用.结果 MTT法提示川陈皮素为2～128mg·L-1时,对SMMC-7721的48 h抑制率为3%～80%,IC50为26.2 mg·L-1;生长曲线提示,川陈皮素对SMMC-7721细胞的抑制作用呈明显时效和量效关系;Giemsa染色后细胞、细胞核出现明显的凋亡形态学变化;体内实验表明,川陈皮素500 mg·kg-1,ig给药10 d,对小鼠移植性肿瘤H22抑制率为48.35%(P＜0.01),并呈剂量依赖性.结论 川陈皮素对人肝癌细胞SMMC-7721具有明显体外抗增殖作用,对小鼠移植性肿瘤H22有一定的抑制作用.     

珠蚌多糖对实验性移植肿瘤及NK细胞活性的作用

目的研究珠蚌多糖对实验性移植小鼠肿瘤以及对自然杀伤细胞（NK细胞）活性的影响。方法采用两种小鼠移植性肿瘤模型，观察珠蚌多糖对在体肿瘤细胞生长的影响；通过脾淋巴细胞与K562肿瘤细胞的共培养，体外检测NK细胞的活性。结果珠蚌多糖200，100mg·kg^-1对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑制率分别达到49．4％和47．1％，对C57BL／6小鼠B16BL6黑色素瘤的抑瘤率分别为39．1％和34．2％；显著提高S180肉瘤小鼠免疫脏器胸腺指数、脾指数；体外10，100μg·mL^-1珠蚌多糖可增强NK细胞对K562细胞的抑制活性。结论珠蚌多糖对实验移植性小鼠肿瘤生长有明显的抑制作用，体外一定剂量范围内可诱导NK细胞活性。     

灵芝孢子油对H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长及瘤细胞VEGF表达的影响

目的观察灵芝孢子油对荷H22瘤小鼠肿瘤生长及瘤细胞中血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)表达的影响,探讨该药抑制肿瘤的作用是否与抑制肿瘤血管生成有关。方法小鼠右腋皮下接种H22瘤细胞(浓度1×107/ml),0.2 ml/只,给药12天后,处死动物,剥离瘤块称重,计算肿瘤生长抑制率,用免疫组织化学法检测各组小鼠肿瘤组织中VEGF的表达程度。结果与模型组比较,灵芝孢子油对H22荷瘤小鼠肿瘤生长有明显抑制作用(P<0.05,P<0.01)。造模后各组小鼠VEGF均为阳性表达,灵芝孢子油各组可降低小鼠H22瘤组织中VEGF的阳性表达(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论灵芝孢子油对H22移植性癌细胞生长有抑制作用,可降低瘤细胞中血管生成调控基因VEGF的表达。     

二乙酰二脱水卫矛醇对白血病L1210细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的探讨二乙酰二脱水卫矛醇(diacetyldianhydrogalactitol,Dadag)对小鼠白血病细胞株L1210细胞的增殖抑制作用及其机制。方法采用MTT比色法、平板集落形成实验和Hoechst 33258荧光染色法,分析Dadag对L1210细胞的生长抑制和凋亡影响。结果Dadag对L1210细胞有浓度依赖性的细胞毒性作用,抑制肿瘤细胞集落形成,并可诱导L1210细胞发生凋亡。结论Dadag对白血病L1210细胞的增殖抑制作用与其诱导肿瘤细胞发生凋亡密切相关。     

癌症化学药物治疗的某些实验研究概况

药效的预报系统在鼠类的移植性肿瘤筛选模型中,已证实小鼠白血病 L1210和 P388对临床有效的抗肿瘤药物较敏感,因而已作为代表以迅速生长为特征的动物肿瘤常规筛选模型,并可称之为第一代筛选模型。Lewis 肺癌和 B_(16)     

Modulation of thiol pools by vitamin K3 and its effect on survival of sensitive and resistant murine tumor cells.

Cytotoxic effects of vitamin K3 were evaluated utilizing the P388/S, L1210, EAT, S-180 and a multidrug-resistant variant of the P388 leukemia cells (P388/ADR). Antitumorigenic potential of vitamin K3 was assessed by MTT and DNA and RNA biosynthesis inhibition assay. A dose-dependent inhibition of P388/S and P388/ADR cell survival and [3H]thymidine and [3H]uridine incorporation (as a function of DNA and RNA biosynthesis) was observed in tumor cell types exposed to vitamin K3 concentrations ranging from 1 to 100 microM. One hundred mg/kg vitamin K3 caused a 32 and 52% increase in life span of the sensitive and resistant P388 leukemia tumor-bearing mice. Induction of DNA strand breaks at 100 microM vitamin K3 was greater in P388/S than in P388/ADR cells. In vitro treatment with vitamin K3 (100 microM) reduced the intracellular levels of GSH by 40, 47, 6, 15 and 14% in P388/S, P388/ADR, EAT, S-180 and L1210 tumor cells, respectively. In vivo treatment with 100 mg/kg vitamin K3 reduced the GSH content by 18 and 38% and increased the activity of the enzyme GSH-S-transferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Effects of free radical scavengers and of compounds that modulate the GSH metabolism on the cytotoxicity of vitamin K3 were also investigated. Results indicate that vitamin K3 interacts with the tumor cell thiol pools while eliciting its antitumor effects and suggest the utility of vitamin K3 in dealing with the growing problem of multidrug resistance.     

Antitumor activity of spergualin, a novel antitumor antibiotic

Spergualin (SGL), a novel antitumor antibiotic, exhibited strong antitumor activity against transplantable leukemias in mice: L1210, L1210(IMC), P388, P815, C1498, EL-4 and RL male 1. It also exhibited antitumor activity against M5076 fibrosarcoma, AH66 and AH66F rat hepatomas, but not against Meth-A fibrosarcoma, B16 melanoma, Lewis lung carcinoma (LL) and C26 colon adenocarcinoma. The antitumor activity of SGL was administration-schedule dependent. The strongest activity against L1210 was obtained by ip continuous infusion for 7 days or daily ip administration for 9 days. Single ip injection of SGL at 100 mg/kg to mice caused convulsion and death within 15 minutes after injection. Such acute toxicity was not observed by continuous infusion. SGL showed its strongest activity at subtoxic dose against sensitive tumors except for L1210(IMC). Mice implanted ip with L1210(IMC) were cured by treatment with SGL at 3.13 mg/kg/day for 9 days, but died from the tumor at 50 mg/kg/day X 9. The cured mice rejected a second inoculation of up to 10(6) tumor cells. The tumor cells isolated from mice after treatment with the high dose showed resistance to SGL in vivo. Mice implanted sc with L1210(IMC) were also cured by 9 daily ip administrations of SGL at 12.5 mg/kg/day, but solid tumor was observed at the implantation site until 3 days after the final injection of SGL in some cured mice. These results suggest that the therapeutic effect of SGL has a relatively high specificity for leukemias and that the immunological effect is involved in the antitumor activity.     

苏木水提物抗癌作用机制的研究

目的　探讨苏木水提物的抗癌作用机制。方法　分别采用腹腔注射、肌肉注射和灌胃等给药途径观察苏木水提物对小鼠移植性腹水瘤 EAC、白血病 P388、L12 10和肉瘤 S180的抑瘤作用 ,并进行了相应的体外抑瘤实验。结果　腹腔注射给药时高剂量组对各种腹水型移植瘤 (EAC、P388、L 12 10 )均有显著的抑制作用 ,但对实体瘤 S180无效。在相同剂量下肌肉注射及灌胃给药对各种移植瘤均未表现出抑瘤作用。体外抑瘤实验表明药物对各种瘤细胞均有一定的杀伤作用 ,且呈现出明显的量效相关性。结论　苏木水提物对癌细胞的杀伤作用是通过直接接触癌细胞而产生的 ,经机体吸收代谢后其抗癌活性消失     

青蒿素抗肿瘤作用的初步研究

目的 研究菊科植物黄花蒿的单体青蒿素(Artimisinine, ART)的抗肿瘤作用.方法 采用动物移植性肿瘤实验方法.结果 50 mg·kg-1 ART对小鼠移植性肉瘤S180的抑瘤率为37.88%;100 mg·kg-1 ART对小鼠移植性肝癌Heps实体瘤的抑瘤率为35.23%;ART对艾氏腹水癌EAC小鼠生命延长率无统计学意义.结论 ART具有良好的抗肿瘤作用.     

Antitumor effects of royal jelly (RJ)

Antitumor effects of Royal Jelly (RJ) were investigated employing the transplantable tumors of mouse advance leukemia L1210 and P388 strains and Ehrlich, Sarcoma-180 ascites and solid tumor strains. RJ was administered orally in a prophylactic-therapeutic (30 days before and 30 days after the transplantations of tumor cells) or a therapeutic (30 days after the transplantations of tumor cells) manner. Tumor cells were transplanted i.p. (ascites tumor) or s.c. (solid tumor). The daily dose of RJ was 0 (control), 10, 100, or 1000 mg/kg. In the case of the therapeutic experiments employing advance leukemia L1210 and P388 strains, which gave quite a short survival period of 8 approximately 9 days, RJ did not show any antitumor effect. In the case of the therapeutic RJ application employing the Sarcoma-180 ascites tumor, which gave a moderate survival period of 16 days, the increased life span was 9.3 approximately 19.3%; and with the Ehrlich ascites tumor (survival period of 22.1 days), the increased life span was 20.4% (RJ 10 mg/kg . day) and 17.6% (RJ 1,000 mg/kg . day), but no antitumor effect was observed at the dose of 100 mg/kg . day. In the case of the therapeutic experiment employing Ehrlich solid tumor, tumor growth inhibition was 25.3 approximately 54.8%, where as the use of the prophylactic-therapeutic regimen gave a tumor growth inhibition of 38.3 approximately 45.7%. In the case of the therapeutic RJ application employing Sarcoma-180 solid tumor, tumor growth inhibition was 45.1 approximately 59.7%, where as the prophylactic-therapeutic regimen gave a tumor growth inhibition of 49.1 approximately 56.1%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Antitumor effect of kazusamycin B on experimental tumors

Kazusamycin B, a novel antibiotic (MW 542) isolated from fermentation broth of Streptomyces sp. No. 81-484 showed a broad antitumor spectrum both in vitro and in vivo. IC50 against the growth of tumor cells was around 1 ng/ml at 72 hours-exposure in vitro. Intraperitoneal injection of the antibiotic was effective in inhibiting the growth of murine tumors, S180, P388, EL-4, and B16. It was also active against doxorubicin-resistant P388, hepatic metastases of L5178Y-ML, pulmonary metastases of 3LL, and human mammary cancer MX-1 xenografted to nude mice. However, the activity of kazusamycin B toward L1210 or human lung cancer LX-1 was weaker. According to the results of comparative studies on the effect of kazusamycins B and A, an analog of B, there seemed to be no significant difference in their effectiveness. The effective dose range and toxicity were markedly dependent on tumor lines tested and the regimen used. Maximum tolerated dose in mice with subcutaneous tumors was much higher than that in mice bearing ascitic leukemia as P388. Although intermittent administration could greatly reduce the cumulative toxicity of the drug, therapeutic effect was similar with both successive and intermittent administration schedules.     

Antitumor spectrum of deoxyspergualin and its lack of cross-resistance to other antitumor agents

Antitumor activities of 15-deoxyspergualin (NKT-01), an analogue of spergualin (SGL), were examined in cultured tumor cells, transplantable murine tumors, and human tumor xenografts in nude mice. NKT-01 exhibited strong antitumor activity specifically against leukemias both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, it also showed activity against AH66F hepatoma, M5076 fibrosarcoma and MH134 hepatoma. However, antitumor activity of NKT-01 against other non-leukemic tumors was marginal. Effective dose range of NKT-01 in sensitive tumors was so wide that the largest chemotherapeutic indexes were produced by NKT-01 in P388 and L1210 leukemias among 15 antitumor agents examined. The efficacy of NKT-01 against doxorubicin- and cytosine arabinoside-resistant P388 leukemias was comparable to that against parental sensitive P388 leukemia. NKT-01 also retained activity against other p388 leukemia sublines resistant to cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil or nimustine, although the effect was slightly decreased. In addition, in the in vitro and in vivo experiments using NKT-01-resistant P388 and SGL-resistant L1210(IMC) leukemias, no cross-resistance was observed. Moreover, collateral sensitivity was observed especially to alkylating agents in animal study.     

In vivo antitumor activity of 4-amino 4-methyl 2-pentyne 1-al, an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase

4-amino-4-methyl-2-pentyne-1-al (AMPAL), a new irreversible inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) has been assayed for its in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity. In vitro, AMPAL inhibits the proliferation and the ALDH activity of L1210 and RBL5 cell lines. In vivo, AMPAL significantly increases the mean survival time of mice i.p. grafted with leukemia (L1210, P815, MBL2, EL4, RBL5 cell lines) or carcinoma cells (Krebs cell line), without haematopoetic toxicity. No carcinostatic effect was observed against the P388 leukemia and the 3LL Lewis lung carcinoma. A possible relationship between the ALDH isoenzyme activity of the tumor and its sensitivity to AMPAL is discussed in the light of previous reports concerning the role of aldehydes in cell growth control.     

金丝马尾连碱甲等成分的抗肿瘤作用

从金丝马尾连提取的总生物碱及其主要成分碱甲(hernandezine)对P388白血病小鼠、腹水型S180及C26结肠癌小鼠有一定的治疗作用。在体外,碱甲明显地抑制小鼠白血病L1210细胞及人口腔癌KB细胞的生长,对小鼠正常造血祖细胞(CFU-GM)的抑制作用较弱。初步结果表明,碱甲可阻断G₁细胞向S期过渡,其杀细胞作用似为细胞周期特异性。金丝马尾连的其它两个成分碱乙(thalidezine)及碱丙(isothalidezine)也有类似的抑制癌细胞作用。     

Cross-resistance of drug-resistant murine leukemias to deoxyspergualin (NSC 356894) in vivo

Deoxyspergualin, the 15-deoxy derivative of the antibiotic spergualin, is a novel guanidino analog structurally related to spermine. Deoxyspergualin has significant activity in selected experimental tumor models, and clinical trials have been initiated. Described here are in vivo evaluations of the therapeutic activity of deoxyspergualin against murine leukemia lines specifically resistant to eight clinically useful antitumor drugs. These were P388 lines resistant to doxorubicin, vincristine, L-phenylalanine mustard, cisplatin, ara-C, and methotrexate and L1210 lines resistant to 5-FU, L-phenylalanine mustard, and cyclophosphamide. Sensitivity to deoxyspergualin was evaluated in parallel comparisons of each resistant leukemia to the sensitive line from which it had been derived. All experiments were repeated at least once for confirmation of results. Responses were quantitated in terms of the change in tumor cell numbers from the beginning of treatment to the end of treatment as estimated from the median survival times of dying mice. The results indicated that P388 leukemia resistant to cisplatin (P388/DDPt) was cross-resistant to deoxyspergualin. No cross-resistance was observed in leukemias resistant to doxorubicin, vincristine, ara-C, methotrexate, or cyclophosphamide. L1210 resistant to 5-FU (L1210/5-FU) was collaterally sensitive to deoxyspergualin. Although cross-resistance was also observed in P388/L-PAM, L1210/L-PAM retained sensitivity to deoxyspergualin. Total glutathione concentrations in P388/L-PAM and L1210/L-PAM provided no apparent explanation for this unexpected result. It may be tentatively concluded that resistance to cisplatin, L-PAM, or other DNA alkylators or cross-linkers may increase the potential for cross-resistance to deoxyspergualin. This conclusion requires verification with additional alkylating agents, with drug-resistant human tumor cell lines, and with prospective clinical studies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)