关节镜诊治膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病及其疗效分析

目的探讨关节镜微创手术对膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病的诊断和治疗价值。方法本组21例,23膝,男13例14膝,女8例9膝,其中左膝11侧,右膝12侧;年龄28～74岁,平均48.6岁;病史1月～66月,平均18月;初次就诊20例22膝,外院开放手术后复发1例。所有病例术前均行常规X线检查,部分病员行CT或MRI检查。手术行关节镜检,瘤体和病变滑膜切除,记录该病在关节镜下的表现形式（滑膜表面型、滑膜层包裹型、关节囊纤维层包裹型、游离体型）及关节内合并症,样本全部送病理检查。术后加压包扎、局部冰敷并按计划功能锻炼。结果本组21例23膝,其中滑膜表面型6膝、滑膜层包裹型4膝、关节囊纤维层包裹型2膝、游离体型11膝,术后病理检查确诊;所有病例获得了12～42月,平均28个月随访,未见复发,患肢功能良好;术前Lysholm评分（62.4±4.2）分;国际膝关节评分委员会（IKDC）膝关节功能主观评分（47.2±3.6）分;术后12月复查Lysholm评分（80.3±4.6）分;IKDC主观评分（87.4±4.1）分。结论关节镜手术创伤小,显露充分,病灶切除彻底,术后功能恢复理想,对膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病具有较高的诊治价值。     

关节镜治疗肩关节滑膜软骨瘤病的临床疗效观察

背景:随着微创技术的发展,关节镜技术已成为治疗肩关节滑膜软骨瘤病的首选方法。目的:探讨关节镜手术治疗肩关节滑膜软骨瘤病的疗效。方法:2005年7月至2011年12月共收治肩关节滑膜软骨瘤患者10例,男7例,女3例;年龄25～75岁,平均45.6岁;均为单侧受累,左肩4例,右肩6例;病程6～36个月,平均15.4个月;其中4例并发退行性骨关节炎;主要临床症状为肩关节活动后疼痛、绞索及关节肿胀,均伴有明显的活动受限。所有患者均采用关节镜手术治疗,包括关节镜探查、切除病变滑膜、取出游离体和清理退行性病变。结果:术后疼痛、绞索及关节肿胀症状消失,关节功能恢复良好,关节活动度得到明显改善。全部获得随访,随访时间为6～24个月,平均12个月。1例效果不满意,其余均效果良好,无复发。结论:关节镜手术治疗肩关节滑膜软骨瘤病具有手术创伤小、患者术后恢复快、病变滑膜切除彻底等优点,疗效良好。     

关节镜在诊断和治疗髋关节疾患中的应用

目的：探讨关节镜在诊治髋关节疾患中的价值。方法：对54例（68髋）髋关节疾患进行了关节镜手术,其中男性36例,女性18例。年龄17-64岁,平均44岁。左侧18例,右侧22例,双侧14例。髋臼软骨肉瘤2例行关节镜下组织活检,髋臼盂辰损伤2例、髋关节感染3例、骨性关节炎21例均行关节镜清理术;股骨头缺血性坏死在关节镜监视下钻孔减压和滑膜切削清理术16例,髋关节滑膜软骨瘤病关节镜游离体取出7例,强直性脊柱炎滑膜清理术3例。结果：髋臼软骨肉瘤、关节盂唇损伤和髋关节感染经关节镜检查、活检明确了诊断并得到了有效治疗;股骨头坏死和髋骨性关节炎和强直性脊柱炎关节镜术后解除了疼痛,延缓了发展,改善了关节功能,提高了生活质量。术后Harris评分提高27分。结论：关节镜手术对髋关节疾患具有重要的诊断和治疗价值。     

髋关节滑膜软骨瘤病的关节镜下治疗

[目的]探讨关节镜治疗髋关节滑膜软骨瘤病的方法和疗效,初步提出髋关节滑膜软骨瘤病的镜下分型。[方法]自2001年3月～2008年5月本院收治髋关节滑膜软骨瘤病患者21例,其中男15例,女6例;手术时年龄17～49岁,平均32.4岁;左侧9例,右侧12例。采用关节镜技术取出游离体并行滑膜切除术。病变位于外周间室者术中放松牵引进行手术,对于髋臼窝病变,需要借助弧形刨削刀和可折弯射频。[结果]所有患者术后症状缓解,MRI显示关节积液减少或消失,随访时间11个月～8年,平均45个月,Harris评分由术前的56.2分增加至随访时92分,疗效优良率85.7%。随访期内未见复发。[结论]髋关节镜治疗原发性髋关节滑膜软骨瘤创伤小、术后功能恢复快、效果满意。髋关节滑膜软骨瘤病的镜下分型可以指导手术操作并避免遗漏病变。     

半开放式关节镜下治疗髋关节滑膜软骨瘤病一例报告

半开放式关节镜下治疗髋关节滑膜软骨瘤病一例报告鲁英罗先正滑膜软骨瘤病是一种少见的良性关节病变，关节滑膜增生、化生为软骨结节，后期钙化、骨化，产生关节疼痛、弹响、绞锁，妨碍关节功能。传统治疗为广泛关节切开，摘除游离体，滑膜部分或全部切除。我科近期利用关...     

膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病的关节镜下诊断和治疗

[目的]探讨关节镜手术对膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病的诊断和治疗价值.[方法] 2007年1月～2010年4月收治膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病患者27例,男性19例,女性8例;年龄22～ 53岁,平均32.7岁,左膝10例,右膝13例,双膝2例.采用关节镜技术对患者进行诊断,并取出关节内的滑膜软骨瘤游离体,同时行滑膜切除术.[结果]术后随访14～32个月,平均24.3个月,患者术后症状明显缓解,无感染、神经血管损伤等并发症,随访期内未见滑膜软骨瘤病复发.疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)由术前的(6.2±0.7)分降低至末次随访时的(2.5±0.4)分,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05);Lysholm评分由术前的(58.9±5.3)分增加至末次随访时的(86.5±4.2)分,差异有显著性意义(P＜0.05).[结论]关节镜手术对膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病可以早期明确诊断,而且具有创伤小、术后功能恢复快、并发症少等优点,是治疗膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病的有效方法.     

肩关节滑膜骨软骨瘤病1例并文献复习

正滑膜骨软骨瘤病是一种良性关节滑膜疾病,病理特征为滑膜下纤维组织增生,关节滑膜内软骨基质钙化或骨化~([1])。该病的病因尚不明确,好发于30~50岁人群,且男女比例为2∶1~([2])。病变部位多累及大关节,膝关节发病率最高,髋关节次之~([3]),肩关节发病较为罕见~([3-6])。目前手术治疗方式主要包括切开或关节镜下游离体摘除、滑膜切除,但术后复发率尚不明确~([5-7])。笔者于2017-05诊治1例肩关节滑膜骨软骨瘤病,对     

关节镜下肘关节滑膜软骨瘤病的诊断和治疗

目的探讨肘关节滑膜软骨瘤病的临床特点及关节镜术在该病诊断和治疗中的应用价值、操作要点及临床疗效。方法 1997年1月～2007年1月15例肘关节滑膜软骨瘤病患者行关节镜下清理术,术前所有患者均有不同程度的疼痛及活动受限,10例患者有关节绞锁病史。术中采用多入路结合清除关节内游离体及病变滑膜。采用改良HSS肘关节评分作为疗效评定标准。结果 15例患者随访2.5～12年(平均5.6年)。肘关节平均伸屈活动范围从术前的(85.6±11.3)°提高到术后的(121.2±10.1)°。肘关节疼痛、肿胀症状减轻,关节绞锁消失。改良HSS评分由术前的(48.2±13.6)分提高到术后的(79.8±12.5)分。6例患者非常满意,7例满意,2例不满意,满意率为86.7%。结论关节镜下关节清理术治疗肘关节滑膜软骨瘤病可取得良好效果,适当的入路选择、规范的镜下操作和病变滑膜的彻底清除是影响疗效和预防复发的关键。     

滑膜软骨瘤病11例临床特点分析

目的:探讨关节滑膜软骨瘤病的临床表现、X线和病理特点及治疗的方法.方法:对11例关节滑膜软骨瘤病患者的临床表现、X线和病理特征进行回顾性、综合性分析与研究,找出其表现特点、诊断及治疗方法.结果:滑膜软骨瘤病临床特点为间歇性关节疼痛、肿胀,活动时弹响、摩擦感或绞锁,X线片可见关节腔内单个或多个大小相仿圆形或椭圆形致密肿物影,病理表现为滑膜充血、增生并化生成多个圆形或椭圆形的透明软骨小体,晚期小体堆砌成软骨结节.可经关节镜或开放关节行游离体摘除、病变滑膜切除术.结论:临床表现、X线和病理三者结合才能确诊本病,手术切除病变滑膜、摘除游离体治疗本病效果好.     

关节滑膜软骨瘤病32例报告

目的：探讨关节滑膜软骨瘤病的临床、X线和病理特点及其诊断治疗的方法。方法：对32例关节滑膜软骨瘤病患者的临床、X线和病理表现进行综合分析研究。找出其表现特点、诊断及治疗方法。结果：滑膜软骨瘤病临床表现特点为间歇性关节疼痛、活动时弹响摩擦感或交锁。X线片可见关节腔内单个或多个大小相仿圆形或椭圆形致密肿物影。病理表现为滑膜充血、增生并化生成多个直径3—5mm圆形或椭圆形的透明软骨小体，晚期小体堆砌成软骨结节。本组病人通过分析其临床、X线和病理表现确诊。经手术切除病变滑膜摘除游离体方法治疗后随访1．5—8年，治愈28例。好转4例。结论：临床、X线和病理表现三结合才能确诊本病，手术切除病变滑膜加摘除游离体治疗本病效果好。     

Arthroscopic surgery for synovial chondromatosis of the hip: a report of two cases

We have used arthroscopy in the treatment of synovial chondromatosis of the hip joint. Two patients complained of pain of the hip joint that was aggravated by weight bearing. On admission, range of motion of the affected hip joints was slightly restricted. At hip arthroscopy, osteochondral loose bodies were removed from the joint and partial synovectomy was performed. Histologic examination revealed synovial chondromatosis. Pain relief was obtained in both patients postoperatively.     

关节镜下诊断与治疗膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病

目的 报道膝关节滑膜软骨瘤病１５例,均用关节镜诊断及治疗,所有病例均经病理检查证实。作者对关节镜在术本病诊断中的优点,分型及治疗方法进行探讨,方法 所有１５例病例均为膝关节病变,左膝关节６例,右膝关节７例,双侧膝关节２例。主要临床症状为关节疼痛,交锁及反复肿胀,关节镜术野好,可全面检查关节腔,具有放大作用,可提高本病的诊断率并有助于分型,关节镜下可将本病分为三型,表浅型,深在型和游离体型,治疗采用     

Arthroscopic treatment of synovial chondromatosis of the knee

Between 1971 and 1987, arthroscopy was performed in 39 patients with synovial chondromatosis of the knee; 29 of these patients (32 knees) were followed an average of 3.5 years. A good result was obtained in 78% of the cases. Removal of loose bodies was the only treatment in 31 of the 32 knees. A synovectomy was performed in one case. No synovectomies were performed secondarily. Only three patients required a second arthroscopic procedure. The essential prognostic factor for a good functional result is the condition of the femorotibial cartilage. We concluded that simple arthroscopic removal of cartilaginous bodies without synovectomy is the treatment of choice for synovial chondromatosis of the knee.     

Synovial chondromatosis of the metacarpophalangeal joint: case report and review of the literature

Intra-articular synovial chondromatosis in the hand is rare but should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a swollen, stiff or painful joint. Other possible diagnoses include osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, trauma and chronic infection, and unless enchondral ossification of loose bodies is seen the diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis may not be made preoperatively. A 69-year-old man with synovial chondromatosis of the metacarpophalangeal joint is reported. The joint was swollen and tender. He had not sustained trauma and there was no evidence of arthritis, involvement of other joints or infection. Complete synovectomy with removal of all loose bodies was successful and his symptoms resolved. Intra-articular synovial chondromatosis is a benign condition, but spontaneous resolution is the exception and surgical synovectomy remains the most effective treatment.     

Arthroscopic Retrieval of over 100 Loose Bodies in Shoulder Synovial Chondromatosis: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Synovial chondromatosis is a rare and benign condition of unknown cause. It is also known as synovial osteochondromatosis. It is characterized by involvement of the synovial tissue, which lines various joints of our body. Initial symptoms range from pain in the joint, locking of the joint at times, especially the knee, to arthritis of the joint that is a late feature of this condition. Although large joints such as the knee are commonly affected, involvement of the shoulder joint is a rare occurrence. Historically an open arthrotomy was preferred for removal of loose bodies coupled with a thorough synovectomy. However, arthroscopy for loose body retrieval has gained popularity over the past two decades. Arthroscopic surgery is an extremely skilled procedure and there is a learning curve for operating in certain anatomical areas such as the shoulder. However, not only does an arthroscopy provide the surgeon with an excellent view of the shoulder but the patient also has a faster recovery. We report a rare case of shoulder synovial chondromatosis in which more than 100 loose bodies were successfully retrieved by an arthroscopy in an individual who had an excellent outcome post‐surgery, reaffirming our faith in the procedure. A detailed literature review of arthroscopic procedures is also presented.     

Synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder associated with osteoarthritis: conservative treatment in two cases and review of the literature

Periarticular synovial chondromatosis associated with osteoarthrosis is a rare condition that is more frequently seen in the lower extremity than in the upper extremity. In patients who have synovial chondromatosis of the joints of the lower extremity and are symptomatic, the traditional method of treatment has included open or arthroscopic synovectomy and removal of loose bodies. In cases involving the upper extremity, especially in the shoulder, patients have variable disability and may be treated successfully without surgery. Two patients who presented to our practice with shoulder symptoms due to synovial chondromatosis were treated successfully without surgery. In both patients nonoperative treatment consisting of activity modification, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication, and cryotherapy as needed led to a good result without surgical intervention.     

Recurrence of synovial chondromatosis of the glenohumeral joint after arthroscopic treatment

A case of primary synovial chondromatosis of the shoulder in a 15-year-old girl is presented. Plain radiographs revealed findings characteristic of synovial chondromatosis. The patient was treated by arthroscopic loose body removal and arthroscopic partial synovectomy of the glenohumeral joint. Although immediate postoperative radiographs showed no calcification in the joint, repeated radiographs at 18 months after surgery revealed recurrence of calcification in the subacromial space. Arthroscopic removal of all loose bodies and partial synovectomy appears to be a good method of giving symptomatic relief and early return to work. However, late recurrence should be anticipated.     

Surgery for synovial chondromatosis. 26 cases followed up for 6 years

Surgery was performed in 31 patients with synovial chondromatosis: 12 had synovectomy and removal of loose bodies, and 16 had removal of loose bodies only. The remaining 3 patients had more radical surgery: 2 had total hip replacement and 1 had resection arthroplasty. Twenty-six patients were reviewed after an average of 6 years and 4 months. Thirteen patients were symptomatic and 11 had residual signs of limited joint motion and localized tenderness. In 1 case of metatarsophalangeal joint involvement, recurrence occurred. Removal of loose bodies only did not differ from synovectomy and removal of loose bodies.     

Surgery for synovial chondromatosis: 26 cases followed up for 6 years

Surgery was performed in 31 patients with synovial chondromatosis: 12 had synovectomy and removal of loose bodies, and 16 had removal of loose bodies only. The remaining 3 patients had more radical surgery: 2 had total hip replacement and 1 had resection arthroplasty. Twenty-six patients were reviewed after an average of 6 years and 4 months. Thirteen patients were symptomatic and 11 had residual signs of limited joint motion and localized tenderness. In 1 case of metatarsophalangeal joint involvement, recurrence occurred. Removal of loose bodies only did not differ from synovectomy and removal of loose bodies.     

Synovial chondromatosis of the ankle joint and elbow in two cases

Two male patients, aged 44 and 88 years, presented with complaints of restricted joint movement, a growing swelling, and pain in the elbow and ankle joints, respectively. Radiographs showed cartilaginous nodules in the affected joints and minimal chondral damage. Magnetic resonance findings were consistent with synovial chondromatosis. Both patients underwent removal of loose bodies by open arthrotomy and partial synovectomy. Histopathologic examination confirmed the diagnosis. No recurrences were detected within a follow-up period of at least a year.