2-(取代苯氧基)-5-羟基嘧啶类化合物的制备方法研究

目的探索2-取代苯氧基-5-苯甲氧基嘧啶、2-取代苯氧基．5-羟基嘧啶类化合物的制备方法。方法以2．氯-5-羟基嘧啶为起始原料,经溴苄羟基保护、威廉森醚合成法、脱苄基保护等多步反应制得目标化合物。结果采用该合成路线制得13个未见文献报道的取代苯氧基嘧啶类化合物。结论本研究提出了一条操作简便、条件温和的全新苯氧基嘧啶类化合物合成方法。     

疟疾防治药物的研究——Ⅰ.2,4-二氨基-5-取代氨基嘧啶和2,4-二氨基-6-甲基-5-取代氨基嘧啶衍生物的合成及其抗疟作用

本文报道2,4-二氨基-5-取代氨基嘧啶和2,4-二氨基-6-甲基-5-取代氨基嘧啶衍生物的合成及其抗疟活性的研究。这类化合物的合成是分别以2,4,5-三氨基嘧啶或2,4,5-三氨基-6-甲基嘧啶与相应的取代的苯甲醛缩合成席夫氏碱,然后经还原,亚硝化或甲酰化制得。经鼠疟原虫-斯氏按蚊系统的病因性预防初筛,发现有12个化合物有效,其中2,4-二氨基5-[(3′,4′-二氯代苯亚甲基)-氨基]嘧啶(化合物V₃)和2,4-二氨基-5-[(4′-溴代苄基)-N-亚硝基-氨基]嘧啶(化合物Ⅶ₄)效果最好,口服10 mg/kg共三天,可使小白鼠得到保护,血中未查见原虫。     

2,4-二氨基-6-(取代苄基)-5-甲基吡啶[2,3-d]并嘧啶衍生物的合成及抗癌活性的研究

二氨基吡啶并嘧啶类化合物具有很强的抑制二氢叶酸还原酶的作用。这类化合物中BW301u已进行临床试验以治疗癌症。本文报道了17个2,4-二氨基-6-取代苄基-5-甲基-吡啶[2,3-d]并嘧啶类化合物的合成及对L_(1210)细胞的抑制作用。合成化合物的结构经由MS-EI,~1H-NMR及元素分析确证。以MTT法测定了它们对L_(1210)细胞的抑制作用。     

二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂:5-取代苄基-2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物选择性作用的研究

以47个5-取代苄基-2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物(其中四个为新合成的化合物)对乳酪菌二氢叶酸还原酶及鸡肝二氢叶酸还原酶的表现抑制常数(Ki app)研究这类化合物的结构与选择性作用的关系。以取代基的van der Waals体积(Vw)代替MR得到和以前结果相似的定量构效相关式。在此基础上讨论了5-取代苄基-2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物的选择性作用。     

二氢叶酸还原酶抑制剂:5-取代苄基-2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物选择性作用的研究

以47个5-取代苄基-2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物(其中四个为新合成的化合物)对乳酪菌二氢叶酸还原酶及鸡肝二氢叶酸还原酶的表现抑制常数(Ki app)研究这类化合物的结构与选择性作用的关系。以取代基的van der Waals体积(Vw)代替MR得到和以前结果相似的定量构效相关式。在此基础上讨论了5-取代苄基-2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物的选择性作用。     

4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮取代的双芳基脲类化合物的合成及抗增殖活性

目的设计合成4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮取代的双芳基脲类化合物,初步评价其体外抗增殖活性。方法以2-氨基吡啶或2-氨基-4-甲基吡啶为原料,经环合、烃化、还原及酰化共4步反应合成目标化合物;以sorafenib为阳性对照,采用MTT法,测试目标化合物对乳腺癌细胞株MDA-MB-231的抗增殖活性。结果与结论合成了16个未见报道的含4H-吡啶并[1,2-a]嘧啶-4-酮药效团的双芳基脲类化合物,其结构经1H-NMR和MS确证;8个化合物显示较好的体外活性,其中,化合物4h活性突出,为sorafenib的8.3倍。     

2,4-二氨基-5-取代苯胺基嘧啶类化合物的合成及抗菌活性

在嘧啶类化合物中,以2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物对二氢叶酸还原酶的抑制作用较强。甲氧苄胺嘧啶(TMP)已作为磺胺类药物及某些抗生素的抗菌增效剂广泛用于临床。为了寻找抑酶活性或对细菌选择性抑制作用比TMP更强的化合物,对2,4-二氨基-5-取代苄基嘧啶类的苯环上取代基的改造已做了大量的工作;对这类化合物抑酶活性的构效关系也进行了较多的研究。但对这类化合物中嘧啶环与苯环间的桥键次甲基的改造则报道不多。为了     

5-取代嘧啶开环核苷膦酸酯类化合物的合成及其抗病毒活性研究

目的：设计合成5-取代嘧啶开环核苷膦酸酯类新化合物并进行体外抗病毒活性实验。方法：氯甲基氯乙基醚与三氟乙醇磷酸酯缩合后,经碘-氯交换得碘代乙氧基甲基三氟乙醇膦酸酯侧链,和5-取代嘧啶在DBU作用下缩合,氯甲酸酯酰胺化,设计合成得到8个新化合物1a～1h。对合成的目标化合物进行了初步的体外抗乙肝病毒药理活性实验。,结果：设计合成的8个化舍物对HBsAg和HBeAg都有一定的抑制作用,其中化合物1d的抑制活性优于拉米夫定。结论：5-取代嘧啶开环核苷膦酸酯类化合物保持抗病毒活性,N6位长链脂肪氯甲酸酯取代的化合物抗HBV病毒活性较好。     

2,4-二氨基嘧啶类FAK抑制剂的设计合成及活性评价

目的 设计合成一系列2,4-二氨基嘧啶类衍生物，以期得到对黏着斑激酶(FAK)具有较好抑制活性的新化合物。方法 以邻硝基苯甲酸为原料，经酰化、缩合、催化氢化得到中间体N-甲基-2-氨基苯甲酰胺(4)。以邻氟硝基苯为原料，经取代、氧化、催化氢化得到中间体2-(异丙基磺酰基)-苯胺(7)。以对氟硝基苯为原料，经取代、催化氢化得到4-(4-氨基苯基)哌嗪-1-羧酸叔丁酯(10)。以2,4,5-三取代嘧啶为原料，先与不同的苯胺(4或7)在4位发生取代，然后与10在2位发生取代，再经脱Boc保护，最后与二硫化碳以及不同取代的卤代烃先加成后取代得到目标化合物(15a～15o),并对目标化合物进行体外酶活性测试。结果与结论设计并合成了新型2,4-二氨基嘧啶类化合物15个，所有化合物均未见文献报道，其结构均经¹H-NMR和MS确证，部分化合物结构经¹³C-NMR和HR-MS确证。其中化合物15d对FAK的抑制活性(IC₅₀=15.8 nmol·L^-1)与阳性对照化合物TAE-226相当。     

4-苯基-2-氨基嘧啶类化合物的设计合成及其抗肿瘤活性

目的设计合成一系列4-苯基-2-氨基嘧啶类新型化合物,并测定其对前列腺癌细胞(PC-3)的生长抑制活性。方法以硝基苯乙酮为起始原料,通过嘧啶环合、酰胺缩合、硝基还原、氨基保护及脱保护反应合成目标化合物。采用MTT法测试化合物对前列腺癌PC-3细胞的生长抑制活性;采用均相时间分辨荧光法测定化合物对激酶AKT1的抑制活性。结果与结论合成了9个未见文献报道的4-苯基-2-氨基嘧啶类化合物,其结构经1H-NMR、MS谱确证。化合物9a-1、9a-3、9b-1(5μmol·L-1)对激酶AKT1的抑制率大于60%。     

N-芳甲酰基-N’-取代嘧啶基硫脲类 化合物的合成与初步活性研究

目的 合成N-芳甲酰基-N’-取代嘧啶基硫脲类化合物,并初步测试其对血管平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制活性。方法　以2-氨基-5-溴-4-取代嘧啶与芳甲酰基异硫氰酸酯反应,得到一系列N-芳甲酰基-N’-取代嘧啶基硫脲类化合物;采用MTT法测定目标化合物对血清诱导的血管平滑肌细胞增殖的抑制活性。结果与结论　合成的10个目标化合物,均未见文献报道,所有目标化合物结构经1H-NMR及MS确证;活性测试结果表明,化合物6b、6c、6g、6j 具有一定的血管平滑肌细胞增殖抑制活性。     

Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of certain 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleosides related to toyocamycin and sangivamycin

A number of 7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives related to the nucleoside antibiotics toyocamycin and sangivamycin were prepared and tested for their biological activity. Treatment of the sodium salt of 4-amino-6-bromo-5-cyanopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1) with (2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl bromide (2) afforded a mixture of 4-amino-6-bromo-5-cyano-7-[(2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidine (3) and the corresponding N1 isomer. Debromination of this mixture gave the corresponding 4-amino-5-cyano-7-[(2-acetoxyethoxy)-methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidi ne (4) and 4-amino-5-cyano-1-[(2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin e (5). Deacetylation of 4 and 5 furnished 4-amino-5-cyano-7-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (6) and the corresponding N1 isomer (7), respectively. The sites of attachment for the acyclic moiety for 6 and 7 were assigned on the basis of UV spectral studies as well as 13C NMR spectroscopy. Conventional functional group transformation of 6 provided a number of novel 5-substituted derivatives (8-10), including the sangivamycin derivative 8. The methyl formimidate derivative 10 was converted to the thioamide derivative 11 and the carbohydrazide derivative 12. Compounds 6 and 8-12 were tested for cytotoxicity to L1210 murine leukemic cells in vitro. None of these compounds caused significant inhibition of cell growth. Evaluation of compounds 4 and 6-12 for activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) revealed that only the thioamide (11) was active. It inhibited HCMV but not HSV-1 at concentrations producing only slight cytotoxicity in human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF cells) and KB cells.     

Synthesis and pharmacological activity of 5-substituted 2-(N,N-dialkylaminoethyl)amino- and 2-N-methylpiperazinyl-1,3,4-thiadiazoles.

5-Substituted 2-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles were transformed to their corresponding 2-bromo derivatives. The reaction of the 5-substituted 2-bromo-1,3,4-thiadiazoles with N,N-dialkylaminoethylamines or N-methylpiperazine afforded the corresponding amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole derivatives. All prepared compounds displayed antihistaminic, anticholinergic, and norepinephrine-potentiating activities.     

Synthesis, cytotoxicity, and antiviral activity of some acyclic analogues of the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine nucleoside antibiotics tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin

A number of 7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2-propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3d-d]pyrimidine derivatives that are structurally related to toyocamycin and sangivamycin and the seco nucleosides of tubercidin, toyocamycin, and sangivamycin were prepared and tested for their biological activity. Treatment of the sodium salt of 4-amino-6-bromo-5-cyanopyrrolo[2,3-d]-pyrimidine with 1,3-bis(benzyloxy)-2-propoxymethyl chloride afforded compound 3, which without isolation was debrominated to obtain 4-amino-5-cyano-7-[[1,3-bis(benzyloxy)-2- propoxy]methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. Although catalytic hydrogenolysis failed, the benzyl ether functionalities of 4 were successfully cleaved by boron trichloride to afford 4-amino-5-cyano-7-[(1,3-dihydroxy-2- propoxy)methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. Conventional functional group transformation of the cyano group of 6 provided a number of novel 5-substituted derivatives. Tubercidin (8a), toyocamycin (8b), and sangivamycin (8c) were treated separately with sodium metaperiodate and then with sodium borohydride to afford the 2',3'-seco derivatives 9a-c, respectively. The acyclic nucleoside 4-chloro-2-(methylthio)-7-[[1,3-bis(benzyloxy)-2- propoxy]methyl]pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine was aminated, desulfurized with Raney Ni, and then debenzylated to provide the tubercidin analogue 11. Cytotoxicity evaluation against L1210 murine leukemic cells in vitro showed that although the parent compounds tubercidin (8a), toyocamycin (8b), and sangivamycin (8c) were very potent growth inhibitors, the acyclic derivatives 6, 7a-c, and 9a-c had only slight growth-inhibitory activity. Evaluation of compounds 6, 7a, 7b, 7c, 9a, 9b, 9c, 11 for cytoxicity and activity against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) revealed that only the carboxamide (7a) and the thioamide (7c) were active. Compound 7c was the more potent of the two, inhibiting HCMV but not HSV-1 at concentrations producing little cytotoxicity.     

抗病毒药物2,5,6-三取代-4(3H)嘧啶酮衍生物的合成及诱导干扰素活性

In order to search for more ideal antiviral drugs,21 substituted pyriiT1idinone derivatives were designed and synthesized,among which 11 were not reported before. The cheinicalstructures were characterized by elemen tal and spectral analysis. The serum interferon - inducing activity was tested in mice. All 2-amino-5-bromo-6-substituted-4-(3H)pyrimidinone compounds were shown to have interferon inducing activity.The corresponding substituted pyrimidine thiones were less active.The new compounds of 6-sulfophenyl derivatives are soluble in、water, but the interferon-inducing activity are not higher than the original compound of ABPP.     

Nucleic acid related compounds. 47. Synthesis and biological activities of pyrimidine and purine "acyclic" nucleoside analogues

Various acyclic, i.e., (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl and (2-acetoxyethoxy)methyl, analogues of pyrimidine and purine nucleosides have been prepared and evaluated for their antiviral, antimetabolic, and cytotoxic properties. All of the pyrimidine analogues, including (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]uracil (12) and its O-acetyl derivative (13), were virtually devoid of antiviral, cytotoxic, and antimetabolic activities. However, several of the 8-substituted derivatives of 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine (acyclovir) had higher antiviral specificity in vitro than the parent drug. The 8-methyl-, 8-amino-, 8-bromo-, and 8-iodoacyclovir derivatives have activities worthy of further investigation.     

2-甲基-5-取代苯氧基伯氨喹的合成及其抗疟活性

为寻找高效低毒的间日疟根治药,合成了7个2-甲基-5-取代苯氧基伯氨喹Ⅱ_1～7,以与强效的4-甲基取代类似物比较,探索构效关系。初步生物评价结果表明,化合物Ⅱ_1～7对鼠疟Plasmodium berghei的抑制性治疗作用及对鼠疟P.yoelii的病因性预防作用均明显弱于其4-甲基对应物,略低于伯氨喹。     

Studies on annelated 1,4-benzothiazines and 1,5-benzothiazepines. II. Synthesis of new series of 1- or 2-substituted 4H-s-triazolo[3,4-c]-1,4-benzothiazines and related compounds with potential CNS activity

New series of 1- or 2-substituted 4H-s-triazolo[3,4-c]-1,4-benzothiazines have been prepared. The 1-substituted products were obtained starting from 3-hydrazino-2H-1,4-benzothiazine derivatives (III) by treatment with chloroacethyl chloride followed by cyclization of the resulting chloroacethylderivatives into the chloromethyltriazolobenzothiazines (IV a-e), which were then reacted with the appropriate amines to give the desired compounds (V a-n). Other 1-substituted compounds were prepared by ring closure of (III) with cyanogen bromide, affording 1-amino-4H-s-triazolo [3,4-c]-1,4-benzothiazines (XI a-e). The 2-substituted compounds (VIII) were prepared from 2,4-dihydro-1H-s-triazolo [3,4-c]-1,4-benzothiazin-1-ones (VII), synthesized from (I) by reaction with ethyl carbazate. The aminoalkyl side chain was introduced into (VII) in two steps: first by treatment with 1-bromo-3-chloropropane, then by refluxing the resulting product with the appropriate amine. Some 4H-tetrazolo[5,1-c]-1,4-benzothiazines (XII) were also synthesized from (III). Preliminary pharmacological data on the CNS activity of the synthesized tricyclic compounds are reported.     

Synthesis of classical, three-carbon-bridged 5-substituted furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine and 6-substituted pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine analogues as antifolates

Bridge homologation of the previously reported classical two-carbon-bridged antifolates, a 5-substituted 2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1) [which is a 6-regioisomer of LY231514 (Alimta)] and a 6-subsituted 2-amino-4-oxopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine, afforded the three-carbon-bridged antifolates analogues 4 and 5, with enhanced inhibitory activity against tumor cells in culture (EC(50) values in the 10(-8)-10(-7) M range or less). These two analogues were synthesized via a 10-step synthetic sequence starting from methyl 4-bromobenzoate (14), which was elaborated to the alpha-chloromethyl ketone (8) followed by condensation with 2,6-diamino-pyrimidin-4-one (7) to afford the substituted furo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 9 and the pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine 10. Subsequent coupling of each regioisomer with diethyl-l-glutamate followed by saponification afforded 4 and 5. The biological results indicate that elongation of the C8-C9 bridge of the classical 5-substituted 2,4-diaminofuro[2,3-d]pyrimidine and 6-substituted 2-amino-4-oxopyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine are highly conducive to antitumor activity in vitro, despite a lack of increase in inhibitory activity against the target enzymes. This supports our original hypothesis that truncation of the B-ring of a highly potent 6-6 ring system to a 6-5 ring system can be compensated by bridge homologation to restore the overall length of the molecule.     

Inhibitors of Bacillus subtilis DNA polymerase III. Influence of modifications in the pyrimidine ring of anilino- and (benzylamino)pyrimidines

Substituent effects governing inhibition of DNA polymerase III from Bacillus subtilis were examined in several series of N6-substituted 6-aminopyrimidines. The presence of alkyl groups as large as n-butyl in the 3-position of 6-(5-indanylamino)uracil had no effect on inhibitor-enzyme binding. Substituents in the 4-position of a series of 2-amino-6-(benzylamino)pyrimidines had complex effects: alkoxy and phenoxy derivatives were less active than the parent 4-oxo (isocytosine) compound, but alkylphenoxy and halophenoxy derivatives were more active than the 4-phenoxy compound itself, suggesting that hydrophobic binding can occur between 4-substitutents and the enzyme surface and that space between the pyrimidine ring and pol III may represent the active site of the enzyme. Replacement of 5-H by methyl and ethyl groups drastically decreased inhibitory activity of 6-(benzylamino)- and 6-p-toluidinouracils, but 5-bromo and 5-iodo analogues were equipotent with the parent compounds. These results indicate that the phenyl rings of these compounds must exist in conformations in which they are perpendicular to the pyrimidine ring plane and that charge-transfer stabilization of such "active conformations" may compensate for steric barriers from 5-halo groups in the inhibitor-enzyme complex.