右心室流出道室性心律失常单导管射频消融治疗的临床疗效评价

目的探讨单导管标测及射频消融治疗右心室流出道室性心律失常的临床疗效。方法96例症状严重的未发现器质性心脏病的右心室流出道室性心律失常患者，男性36例，女性60例，年龄14-73岁。96例中单纯频繁发作室性早搏（室早）53例，其他为室早和室性心动过速（室速）并存。动态心电图记录术前早搏（23834．6±13064．6）次／24h。所有病例均采用起搏标测，以起搏与自然发作室早、室速12导联心电图QRS波形至少有11个导联相同作为消融靶点。结果消融即刻成功率94．8％，X线曝光时间为（7．0±4．6）min，消融时间为（48．0±20．9）min。成功消融靶点位于间隔部73例，游离壁18例。消融后早搏（452．9±909．1）次／24h，与术前比较两者间差异有统计学意义（P〈0．001）。平均随访（20．7±11．9）个月，复发率为10．9％（10例）。其中行再次消融8例，成功5例。所有患者均未观察到急性及远期并发症的发生。结论单导管射频消融治疗右心室流出道室性心律失常安伞有效．并能减少操作及X线曝光时间。     

射频导管消融器质性心脏病室性心动过速9例临床观察

目的评价射频导管消融器质性心脏病室性心动过速(室速)的疗效。方法总共9例器质性心脏病患者(男7例,女2例),接受射频导管消融手术,其中肥厚型心肌病4例,扩张性心肌病2例,冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病1例,先天性心脏病、室间隔缺损修补术后1例,致心律失常性右室心肌病1例。所有患者术前心电图和动态心电图均提示为单形性室速。9例患者均在窦性心律下行起搏标测室速折返环出口或病灶起源点,如果起搏QRS波形态至少有11导联与诱发室速QRS波形态相同,且S-QRS间期≤20ms,则判断为消融靶点,在此部位行多靶点消融。结果 9例患者中,4例为右室流入道室速,3例为右室流出道室速,1例为左室流入道室速,1例为左室流出道室速。其中1例致心律失常性右室心肌病患者术中出现三种室速形态而放弃手术。其余8例患者分别消融3~11个靶点,其中2例手术失败。1例患者1周后再次行射频消融手术失败。所有患者术中、术后均无并发症发生。随访20~42(30.65±8.72)月,其中6例患者(包括1例2次手术者)无室速复发。结论射频导管消融能有效治疗器质性心脏病单形性室速;起搏标测手段在器质性心脏病室速射频消融中有其应用价值。     

特殊部位特发性室性心动过速的射频消融

对 8例起源于特殊部位的特发性室性心动过速 (简称室速 )的心电图特征及其导管射频消融的方法学进行了分析。 8例患者中男 5例、女 3例 ,心动过速史 3～ 2 0年。室速形态呈右束支阻滞者 4例、呈左束支阻滞者 4例 ;电轴右偏 6例、左偏 2例。结果 :8例患者均射频消融成功 ,消融靶点 2例位于左室流出道左冠窦内 ,距左冠状动脉主干开口约 1cm ,2例位于左室游离壁 ,2例位于左前分支近心尖部 ,2例位于右室流入道游离壁。结果提示导管射频消融对起源于特殊部位的室速也具有较高的成功率 ;左室流出道室速 (LVOT VT)的心电图具有一定的特殊性 ,对LVOT VT进行射频消融时应避免累及冠状动脉左主干     

以心室高频电位和以激动标测法消融室性心律失常的比较

目的探讨窦性心律下射频消融延迟的高频电位(HFP)防治室性心律失常的可行性、安全性及有效性。方法 36例住院的室性心律失常患者,17例在窦性心律下以延迟的HFP为指导实施消融(HFP组),其中遗传性心脏病5例,冠心病1例;19例在激动标测指导下实施消融(激动标测组),其中冠心病1例,心肌炎1例。比较两组手术效果、X线曝光时间、手术总时间及安全性。结果 HFP组消融靶点10例位于左室间隔面、2例左室乳头肌周围、2例右室流出道、1例左室后间隔及右室流出道偏间隔部、2例位于右室流出道肺动脉瓣上;激动标测组消融靶点6例位于左室间隔面、10例位于右室流出道、2例位于左冠窦及右室流出道、1例位于右室游离壁。HFP组的即刻成功率为94.1%(16/17),激动标测组为84.2%(16/19)。两组即刻成功率、X线曝光时间、手术总时间均无明显差异(P0.05),均无并发症。随访14.6±5.8个月,6例复发,其中HFP组3例,复发率17.6%(3/17),一直服药治疗;激动标测组3例,复发率15.8%(3/19)。结论在窦性心律下射频消融延迟的HFP,在较长的随访期内可有效防止室性心动过速/心室颤动的复发。     

右室流出道室性期前收缩的心电图特征及射频消融治疗

目的:探讨右室流出道室性期前收缩(室性早搏,室早)的心电图特征和评价单导管法消融单形性右室流出道室性早搏的有效性、安全性和实用性。方法:对52例心脏结构正常的右室流出道单形性室早的心电图特征进行分析并行单导管射频消融。采用起搏标测法,以起搏时与自发室性早搏形态波形态完全相同点为消融靶点。结果:右室流出道的室性早搏体表12导联心电图特征,呈完全性左束支阻滞形态,Ⅰ导联呈rs、m、QS及R型,aVR、aVL均呈QS型,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、aVF、V5~6导联均呈单向R波型,胸前导联R波移行区常在V3、V4导联之后。成功消融结果显示26例室早起源右室流出道间隔部:其中前间隔7例、中间隔5例、后间隔14例,游离壁21例:其中前游离壁6例、后游离壁15例,希氏束附近1例,肺动脉瓣下1例。消融即刻成功率94%(49/52),未成功的3例。手术操作时间30~150 min,X线曝光时间5~29 min。术后随访2~48个月无复发。结论:起源于右室流出道的室性早搏有其独特的心电图表现,单导管射频消融可有效、安全地消融心脏结构正常的右室流出道单形性室性早搏。     

室性早搏的经导管射频消融评价

评价单形室性早搏 (简称室早 )经导管射频消融治疗的有效性和安全性。对 97例症状严重的正常心脏室早患者进行了导管射频消融 ,男 38例、女 5 9例 ,年龄 46 .2± 7.1岁。采用起搏标测和激动顺序标测 ,前者以起搏时与室早QRS波形态完全相同点为消融靶点 ,后者以早搏时最早心室激动点为消融靶点。 97例室早全部起源于心室流出道 ,右室流出道室早 95例 ,全部呈左束支阻滞形态 ;左室流出道室早 2例 ,QRS波均呈右束支阻滞形态 ,其中 1例V1导联呈Rs形态 ,1例呈rsr′形态。消融即刻成功率 95 .9% (93/ 97) ,2 4h动态心电图记录消融前后室早数为 2 0416± 1891次 / 2 4h和 12 2± 140次 / 2 4h(n =19,P <0 .0 0 1)。所有病人无任何并发症。随访 19± 6月未服用任何抗心律失常药物的症状消除率为 91% ,复发率是 4.3% (4/ 93) ,随访期间亦无不良反应和并发症发生。结论 :经导管射频消融可有效而安全地消除正常心脏单形室早 ,可作为症状严重、药物治疗无效或不能耐受患者的治疗选择     

窦性心律下消融延迟的高频电位防治室性心律失常

目的探讨窦性心律下射频消融延迟的高频电位防治室性心律失常的可行性、安全性及有效性。方法17例室性心律失常患者,男性9例,女性8例,年龄（35．41±12．69）岁,其中左心室特发性室性心动过速（室速）8例、右心室特发性室速3例、早期复极综合征1例、冠心病1例、长QT综合征1例、短QT综合征1例、左心室部分心肌致密化不良1例、Brugada综合征1例。常规行电生理检查后,采用Carto系统构建心室电解剖模型,部分患者与螺旋CT心脏影像融合显示,在窦性心律下,于临床室性心律失常心电图初步定位处,标测延迟的高频电位。在高频电位区起搏标测,与临床室性心律失常QRS波形态相同处实施消融治疗,观察消融反应。消融初期出现室性心律失常,QRS波形态与临床一致,并随放电时间延长消失者,判为消融有效,术后随访室性心律失常发作情况。结果延迟高频电位和消融靶点10例位于左心室间隔面、2例左心室乳头肌周围、2例右心室流出道、1例左心室后间隔及右心室流出道偏间隔部、2例位于右心室流出道肺动脉瓣上。经多次放电消融后,采用与消融前同样的刺激方案,16例未诱发室速,1例失败,所有患者均未出现严重并发症。随访5～24个月,3例复发,其余均无心悸、晕厥发作。结论在窦性心律下射频消融延迟的高频电位,在较长的随访期内可有效防止室速／室颤复发。     

射频消融治疗特发性室性心动过速疗效观察

目的 :评价射频消融术治疗特发性室性心动过速 (室速 )临床疗效。方法 :5 6例特发性室速患者中 ,34例左室特发性室速采用EPT小、中弯大头导管 (或Webstr小弯大头 ) ,在左室行激动顺序标测和消融 ,以P电位较QRS起点提前 2 0ms以上作为消融靶点。 2 2例右室流出道室速采用Webster加硬导管在右室流出道行起搏标测 ,以起搏时与心动过速时体表 12导联QRS形态完全相同或最接近处为消融靶点 ,成功标准为放电过程中心动过速终止且不能诱发。结果 :5 1例患者消融成功 ,成功率 91.1%。 34例左室特发性室速中 30例靶点位于左室间隔中下部 ,2例近左室心尖 ,1例左室流出道 ,1例位于间隔高位。 31例消融成功 ,1例失败 ,2例因导管到达间隔处机械刺激终止室速而不能再诱发 ,于终止室速处作为靶点射频消融 ,1例于术后第 2天、另 1例半年后室速复发。 2 2例右室流出道室速 ,16例位于流出道间隔侧 ,6例位于流出道游离侧壁。 19例起搏标测到与心动过速 12导联QRS形态完全相同靶点 ,1例形态接近 ,消融获成功。 2例未能诱发室速 ,射频消融 1个月心动过速重新出现 ,所有患者无并发症出现。结论 :射频消融术对特发性室速是一种安全有效的治疗方法 ,可作为首选治疗。电生理未诱发室速或机械刺激终止室速不宜尝试射频消融治疗。     

射频导管消融治疗顽固性频发室性早搏伴短阵室性心动过速的体会

报道 2 5例 (男 14例、女 11例 ,年龄 15～ 6 7岁 )顽固性频发室性早搏 (简称室早 )伴短阵室性心动过速 (简称室速 )接受RFCA的治疗结果。采用心室激动顺序与起搏标测法进行室早标测定位 ,标测到室早最早激动点较体表心电图QRS波提前 30ms以上或消融电极起搏心电图QRS波图形与室早图形完全一致时放电消融。结果 :2 5例患者室早起源分别为右室流出道 12例、右室心尖部 5例、左室游离壁 5例、左室近后间隔部 3例。 2 5例中 2 1例成功 (包括 1例频发室早伴短阵多形性室速患者 ) ,成功率为 84 % ,无并发症发生。结论 :RFCA治疗频发单形性室早伴短阵室速安全、有效。     

Hoffmayer积分(109)

起源于右室流出道的室早、室速临床常见,90%的特发性右室流出道室早、室速经射频消融可获根治。但该部位又是致心律失常性右室心肌病(ARVC)的患者心脏发育不良三角的顶端部位,故其伴发的室早、室速也能位于该部位。当室早或室速符合右室流出道室早、室速的心电图特征时,究竟属特发性还是伴发于ARVC者,Hoffmayer最近提出鉴别两者的心电图积分法。     

右室流出道室性心律失常的射频导管消融体会

目的报道右室流出道(RVOT)室性心律失常的射频导管消融(RFCA)体会。方法43例RVOT室性心律失常患者男18例、女25例,年龄39.2±15.1(13～67)岁。经血液生化、胸片、心脏彩超等检查证实无器质性心脏病证据。其中室性心动过速(VT)8例,室性早搏(PVC)35例。38例采用传统的起搏与激动标测。5例VT是在非接触标测系统EnSite3000指导下进行消融治疗的。结果①间隔部起源40例,游离壁起源3例。42例成功,1例失败,成功率97.7%,9例复发,再次标测消融后成功。②RVOT起源的VT和PVC具有典型的心电图特征,表现为典型的左束支传导阻滞型伴电轴右偏。RVOT的起源点不同,其12导联心电图特征不同,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和aVF导联呈RR′型,V1～V3具有深S波是游离壁起源的特征。③1例术中出现急性心包压塞,其心电图虽具有RVOT起源的特征,但Ⅱ、Ⅲ和aVF导联R波振幅异常增高。结论RVOT室性心律失常具有典型的心电图和电生理特征,RFCA是一种安全、有效的治疗方法。EnSite3000非接触标测系统定位快速准确,适用于血流动力学不稳定的复杂性心律失常的标测。     

Radiofrequency Ablation Guided by Mechanical Termination of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias Originating in the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract

Mapping of Idiopathic Ventricular Arrhythmias. Background: Termination of ventricular tachycardia (VT) by mechanical pressure has been described for fascicular and postinfarction VT. Mechanical interruption of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmias (VT/premature ventricular complexes [PVCs]) arising in the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) has not been described in systematic fashion. Methods: Eighteen consecutive patients (13 females, age 49 ± 13 years, ejection fraction 0.55 ± 0.12) underwent mapping and ablation of RVOT VT or PVCs. In 7 patients, 9 distinct VTs (mean cycle length 440 ± 127 ms), and in 11 patients, 11 distinct PVCs originating in the RVOT were targeted. Mechanical termination was considered present if a reproducibly inducible VT was no longer inducible or if frequent PVCs suddenly ceased with the mapping catheter at a particular location. Endocardial activation time, electrogram characteristics, and pace‐mapping morphology were assessed at this location. Radiofrequency energy was delivered if mechanical termination was observed. Results: All targeted arrhythmias were successfully ablated. In 7 of 18 patients (39%), catheter manipulation terminated the arrhythmia with the mapping catheter located at a particular site. Local endocardial activation time was earlier at sites of mechanical termination (?31 ± 7 ms) compared with effective sites without termination (?25 ± 3 ms, P = 0.04). The 10‐ms isochronal area was smaller in patients with mechanical interruption (0.35 ± 0.2 cm²) than in patients without mechanical termination (1.33 ± 0.9 cm², P = 0.01). At all sites susceptible to mechanical trauma, the pace map displayed a match with the targeted VT/PVC. All sites where mechanical termination of VT or PVCs occurred were effective ablation sites. Conclusions: Mechanical suppression at the site of origin of idiopathic RVOT arrhythmias frequently occurs during the mapping procedure and is a reliable indicator of effective ablation sites. Mechanical termination of RVOT arrhythmias may be indicative of a more localized arrhythmogenic substrate. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 21, pp. 42–46, January 2010)     

Radiofrequency Ablation of Ventricular Fibrillation and Multiple Right and Left Atrial Tachycardia in a Patient with Brugada Syndrome

Brugada syndrome is a well-known form of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation (VF). Few data suggest that this arrhythmia may be triggered by ventricular premature beats (VPBs), and an association with other arrhythmia such as monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) or supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) has been reported. In a highly symptomatic 18-year-old-male patient with this syndrome, frequent episodes of VF, fast polymorphic VT, and fast monomorphic sustained regular tachycardia were observed. The tachycardia episodes were classified as VT or VF and as a consequence received appropriate therapies with the implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Precipitating VPBs that were stored in the ICD memory and on the electrocardiogram (ECG) exhibited the same morphology as frequent isolated VPBs. During the electrophysiological study, right and left atrial tachycardia (AT) with one-to-one atrioventricular conduction were also induced and successfully ablated. VF was ablated using the same noncontact mapping (NCM) system triggering VPBs from right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT).     

环形标测电极指导下射频导管消融右心室流出道室性心动过速

探讨环形电极对右室流出道室性心动过速(RVOTVT)的标测指导作用及射频消融方法。6例特发性RVOTVT患者,男4例、女2例,年龄35.0±6.3(18～42)岁。行常规电生理检查,应用环形电极标测右室流出道,以最早激动点结合窦性心律下起搏标测确定靶点。结果:4例起源于右室流出道间隔前部,1例起源于间隔后部,1例起源于游离壁,6例均成功进行了射频消融,成功率100%。平均手术时间78±22min。结论:环形标测电极可以指导快速寻找室性心动过速起源点,缩短标测及消融时间。     

Ventricular tachycardias mimicking those arising from the right ventricular outflow tract

INTRODUCTION: Ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) arising from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) has proven highly successful, yet VTs with similar ECG features may originate outside the RVOT. METHODS AND RESULTS: We reviewed the clinical, echocardiographic, and ECG findings of 29 consecutive patients referred for ablation of monomorphic VT having a left bundle branch block pattern in lead V1 and tall monophasic R waves inferiorly. Nineteen patients (group A) had VTs ablated from the RVOT, and 10 patients (group B) had VTs that could not be ablated from the RVOT. The QRS morphology during VT or frequent ventricular premature complexes was the only variable that distinguished the two groups. During the target arrhythmia, ECGs of group B patients displayed earlier precordial transition zones (median V3 vs V5; P < 0.001), more rightward axes (90 +/- 4 vs 83 +/- 5; P = 0.002), taller R waves inferiorly (aVF: 1.9 +/- 1.0 vs 2.4 +/- 0.5; P = 0.020) and small R waves in lead V1 (10/10 vs 9/19; P = 0.011). Radiofrequency catheter ablation from the RVOT failed to eliminate VT in any group B patient, but ablation from the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) eliminated VT in 2 of 6 patients in whom left ventricular ablation was attempted. CONCLUSION: The absence of an R wave in lead V1 and a late precordial transition zone suggest an RVOT origin of VT, whereas an early precordial transition zone characterizes VTs that mimic an RVOT origin. The latter VTs occasionally can be ablated from the LVOT. Recognition of these ECG features may help the physician advise patients and direct one's approach to ablation.     

Electroanatomic mapping characteristics of ventricular tachycardia in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia.

BACKGROUND: Ventricular tachycardia (VT) in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVD) has been previously explored using entrainment mapping techniques but little is know about VT mechanisms and the characteristics of their circuits using an electroanatomical mapping system. METHODS AND RESULTS: Three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping was performed in 11 patients with well tolerated sustained VT and ARVD. Sinus rhythm mapping of the right ventricle was performed in eight patients showing areas of low bipolar electrogram voltage (<1.2 mV). In total 12 tachycardias (mean cycle length 382+/-62 ms) were induced and mapped. Complete maps demonstrated a reentry mechanism in eight VTs and a focal activation pattern in four VTs. The reentrant circuits were localized around the tricuspid annulus (five VTs), around the right ventricular outflow tract (one VT) and on the RV free lateral wall (two VTs). The critical isthmus of each peritricuspid circuit was bounded by the tricuspid annulus with a low voltage area close to it. The isthmus of tachycardia originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) was delineated by the tricuspid annulus with a low voltage area localized on the posterior wall of the RVOT. Each right ventricular free wall circuit showed an isthmus delineated by two parallel lines of block. Focal tachycardias originated on the right ventricular free wall. Linear radiofrequency ablation performed across the critical isthmus was successful in seven of eight reentrant tachycardias. The focal VTs were successfully ablated in 50% of cases. During a follow-up of 9-50 months VT recurred in four of eight initially successfully ablated VTs. CONCLUSIONS: Peritricuspid ventricular reentry is a frequent mechanism of VT in patients with ARVD which can be identified by detailed 3D electroanatomical mapping. This novel form of mapping is valuable in identifying VT mechanisms and in guiding RF ablation in patients with ARVD.     

Substrate Characterization and Catheter Ablation for Monomorphic Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients With Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

VT Ablation in Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy . Introduction: Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) is uncommon in apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The purpose of this study was to define the substrate and role of catheter ablation for VT in apical HCM. Methods: Four patients with apical HCM and frequent, drug refractory VT (mean age of 46 ± 10 years, left ventricular [LV] ejection fraction; 54 ± 14%) underwent catheter ablation with the use of electroanatomic mapping. Endocardial mapping was performed in 4 patients and 3 patients underwent epicardial mapping. Results: In 3 patients, VT was related to areas of scar in the apical LV where maximal apical wall thickness ranged from 14.5 to 17.8 mm, and 2 patients had apical aneurysms. Endocardial and epicardial substrate mapping revealed low voltage (<1.5 mV) scar in both endocardial and epicardial LV in 2 and only in the epicardium in 1 patient. Inducible VT was abolished with a combination of endocardial and epicardial ablation in 2 patients, but was ineffective in the third patient who had intramural reentry that required transcoronary ethanol ablation of an obtuse marginal vessel for abolition. The fourth patient had focal nonsustained repetitive VT from right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), consistent with idiopathic RVOT‐VT, that was successfully ablated. During follow‐ups of 3‐9 months, all patients remained free from VT. Conclusion: Monomorphic VT in apical HCM can be due to endocardial, epicardial or intramural reentry in areas of apical scar. Epicardial ablation or transcoronary alcohol ablation is required in some cases. (J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 22, pp. 41‐48, January 2011)     

Noncontact mapping to guide ablation of right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia

OBJEWCTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether noncontact mapping is feasible in the right ventricle and assess its utility in guiding ablation of difficult-to-treat right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) ventricular tachycardia (VT). BACKGROUND: In patients without inducible arrhythmia, RVOT VT may be difficult to ablate. Noncontact mapping permits ablation guided by a single tachycardia complex, which may facilitate ablation of difficult cases. However, the mapping system may be geometry-dependent, and it has not been validated in the unique geometry of the RVOT. METHODS: Ten patients with left bundle inferior axis VT, no history of myocardial infarction and normal left ventricular function underwent noncontact guided ablation; seven had failed previous ablation and three had received a defibrillator. All noncontact maps were analyzed by a blinded reviewer to determine whether the arrhythmia focus was epicardial and to predict on the basis of the map whether arrhythmia would recur. RESULTS: The procedure was acutely successful in 9 of 10 patients. During a mean follow-up of 11 months, 7 of 9 patients remained arrhythmia-free. Both patients in whom the blinded reviewer predicted failure had arrhythmia recurrence: one due to epicardial origin with multiple endocardial exit sites and one due to discordance between site of lesion placement and earliest activation on noncontact map. CONCLUSIONS: Mechanisms of ablation failure in RVOT VT include absence of sustained arrhythmia, difficulty with substrate localization and epicardial origin of arrhythmia. In this study, noncontact mapping was safely and effectively used to guide ablation of patients with difficult-to-treat RVOT VT.     

Endocavitary Structures in the Outflow Tract: Anatomy and Electrophysiology of the Conus Papillary Muscles

Catheter ablation is an increasingly used and successful treatment choice for right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) arrhythmias. While the role of endocavitary structures and the regional morphology of the ventricular inflow tract and the right atrium as a cause for difficulty with successful ablation are well described, similar issues within the RVOT are not well understood. It is also not commonly appreciated that one of the papillary muscles is located within the proximal RVOT. We report 3 patients in which ventricular arrhythmia was targeted and ablated in the conus papillary muscle. The anatomic features, potential role of the fascicular conduction system, and unique challenges with mapping arrhythmia arising from this structure are discussed.     

单导管射频消融治疗右心室流出道源性心律失常

目的探讨单导管射频消融治疗右心室流出道源性心律失常的疗效与安全性。方法选择107例右心室流出道源性室性心律失常患者,其中室性心动过速12例,室性期前收缩95例。单点穿刺股静脉后,将单根消融导管按需放置于右心室心尖部、流入道或流出道。行电生理检查、起搏与激动顺序标测和消融治疗。结果消融成功101例,成功率94．39％。有效靶点电图较体表心电图QRS波群起始点提早（36．1±5．8）ms。成功靶点位于右心室流出道游离壁27例、后间隔26例、前间隔48例。操作时间（55．2±26．2）min,X线曝光时间（9．9±53）min,放电时间（418．2±163．6）s,术中无并发症发生。术后随访3月～3．5年,复发3例。结论单导管射频消融治疗右心室流出道源性室性心律失常安全、有效,操作简便,且节省费用。