雌激素受体ERα36在子宫内膜癌组织中表达及临床意义的初步研究

目的:分析新型雌激素受体ERα36在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达与临床病理特征的关系。方法:免疫组织化学方法检测73例子宫内膜癌、20例正常子宫内膜、9例不典型增生子宫内膜组织切片ERα36的表达,并分析其与临床病理特征间的关系。结果:ERα36在子宫内膜癌组织中阳性表达率(32.9%,24/73)显著低于正常子宫内膜组织(85%,17/20)(P<0.01);ERα36阴性表达者较阳性表达者出现更多宫颈受侵(48.9%vs 20.8%,P<0.05);ERα36阳性表达者无疾病生存时间短于阴性表达者(P<0.01);ERα36表达与患者年龄、临床分期、组织学分级、肌层浸润、淋巴结转移和病理类型的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);ERα36表达与ER、PR、PTEN、p53无显著相关性(P>0.05)。结论:ERα36在子宫内膜癌组织的表达明显低于正常子宫内膜组织;ERα36表达与ER无明显相关性,可能是子宫内膜癌预后的一个指标。     

Preoperative cervical cytology in endometrial carcinoma and its clinicopathologic relevance

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the significance of malignant or suspicious cervical cytology in preoperative identification of poor prognostic factors in endometrial carcinoma and to determine whether preoperative abnormal cervical cytology is an independent prognostic factor for endometrial carcinoma. METHODS: We evaluated the correlation between preoperative cervical cytology and postoperative clinicopathologic findings, sites of metastasis, and receptor status from 99 surgically staged patients with endometrial carcinoma. RESULTS: Sixty-eight patients (68.7%) had normal cervical cytology, 1 (1.0%) had atypical cytology suspicious for malignancy, and 30 (30.3%) had malignant cytology on preoperative cervical cytology. Malignant and suspicious cervical smears were statistically correlated with surgical stage (P = 0.001), histopathology (P = 0.010), tumor grade (P = 0.012), depth of myometrial tumor invasion (P = 0.001), cervical involvement (P = 0. 01), lymph node metastases (P = 0.002), adnexal metastases (P = 0. 012), progesterone receptor (P = 0.007), and estrogen receptor (P = 0.031). No association was found between preoperative cervical cytology and patients' age or peritoneal cytology. Univariate analysis showed that cervical cytology was related to survival (P = 0.018). However, multivariate analysis of cervical cytology, stage, grade, and myometrial invasion showed that preoperative cervical cytology was not a significant prognosticator for survival. CONCLUSION: Patients with endometrial carcinoma who have malignant or suspicious cytology detected by preoperative cervical cytology are at increased risk of having known poor prognostic factors. However, positive preoperative cervical cytology itself does not appear to be an independent prognostic factor and probably should not influence treatment decisions in endometrial cancer.     

The prognostic value of PTEN, p53, and beta-catenin in endometrial carcinoma: a prospective immunocytochemical study

Mutations of the PTEN, p53, and beta-catenin genes are the most frequent molecular defects in endometrial carcinomas. The aim of this study was to investigate their prognostic significance in this form of cancer. Imprint smears were obtained from 80 fresh endometrial tumor specimens and studied immunocytochemically for the expression of PTEN, p53, and beta-catenin proteins. The staining pattern was correlated with several well-established prognostic parameters, including 5-year survival. Positive staining of p53 was significantly correlated with increased stage (P < 0.0001), lymph node metastases (P = 0.001), and a nonendometrioid histology (P = 0.001). On the contrary, positive beta-catenin expression was significantly associated with decreased stage (P = 0.002), decreased grade (P = 0.007), and a negative lymph node status (P = 0.023). PTEN positivity was correlated with decreased stage (P = 0.002) and negative lymph nodes (P = 0.008). All the three markers affected survival significantly in univariate analysis but only beta-catenin had an independent prognostic impact. An independent prognostic significance was also shown for PTEN in the stage I subgroup of patients. The results of our study indicate that loss of beta-catenin expression is a strong and independent predictor of an unfavorable outcome in patients with endometrial carcinoma. Loss of PTEN may also be associated with a worse prognosis in patients with early-stage disease.     

Microvessel density (MVD) as a prognosticator in endometrial carcinoma

PURPOSE: To assess microvessel density (MVD) as a marker for angiogenesis in endometrial carcinoma (EC) and normal endometrium at the proliferative and secretory phase, and to determine its prognostic value on survival among cases with EC. METHODS: Forty-three endometrial carcinoma cases were surgically staged and recruited for this case-control study. Tissue specimens from hysterectomies due to benign conditions (uterine descensus, myoma uteri, chronic pelvic pain, adenomyosis), that belonged to proliferative (n = 10) and secretory (n = 10) endometrium (n = 10), were studied as the control group (n = 20). MVD was assessed in hot areas where a high density of microvessels were detected within tumoral tissue and normal endometrium at proliferative and secretory phases. Among EC, various prognosticators such as tumor stage, histological and nuclear grade, tumor size, lympho-vascular space involvement (LVSI), cervical involvement, myometrial invasion, adnexal and lymph node involvement, peritoneal cytology and MVD were analysed in regard to survival. RESULTS: The mean age of cases with EC was 58.3 +/- 1.4. MVD was apparently high in EC cases (p < 0.05). Among control cases, endometrium from proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle was not statistically different (48.5 +/- 3.6 vs 47.4 +/- 3.8, respectively). MVD was correlated with high surgical stage (p < 0.001), cervical involvement (p = 0.01), adnexal involvement (p = 0.04), lympho-vascular space involvement (p = 0.02), pelvic and para-aortic lymph node metastasis (p < 0.001) and positive peritoneal cytology (p < 0.001). On univariate analysis, with a MVD cut-off value of 81/0.739 mm2, surgical stage (p < 0.001), LVSI (p < 0.001), retroperitoneal lymph node involvement (p < 0.001), adnexal metastasis (p < 0.001), peritoneal cytology (p = 0.005) and MVD count (p < 0.001) appeared to be independent factors for survival. On multivariate analysis, only pelvic lymph node involvement (p = 0.03) and MVD (p = 0.02) were found to be independent prognosticators on survival. CONCLUSIONS: Angiogenesis is apparent in both initial and further evolution of a tumoral process. MVD appears to have a substantial prognostic value on survival in EC cases.     

Correlation between clinical and histopathologic risk factors and lymph node metastases in early endometrial cancer (a multivariate analysis of 183 cases)

This study includes 183 patients with clinical stage I endometrial cancer subjected to peritoneal cytology, total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, bilateral pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy and omental biopsy during a 12-year period in a single institution. The factors analyzed were age, menopausal state, cell type, grade, mitotic activity, myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space invasion, cervical involvement, microscopic vaginal metastases, adnexal metastases, peritoneal cytology, presence of concomitant endometrial hyperplasia and lymph node status. The overall incidences of pelvic and para-aortic lymph node metastases were found to be 15.3% (28/183) and 9.3% (17/183), respectively. In five of 17 patients (29.4%) with para-aortic nodal metastases, pelvic nodes were free of tumor. The most significant prognostic factors for positive pelvic and/or para-aortic nodes were found to be the depth of myometrial invasion, grade of tumor and age.     

p53 overexpression as a prognostic indicator in endometrial carcinoma

PURPOSE: To investigate the prognostic value of p53 overexpression in endometrial adenocarcinoma cases of different stages and histologic subtypes. METHODS: One hundred and eleven surgically staged endometrial carcinoma (EC) cases from 1996 to 2000 constituted this retrospective study group. Prognostic factors determined through the evaluation of surgery specimens by co-author pathologist, were surgical stage, tumor size, histology, histologic and nuclear grade, myometrial invasion, adnexal/serosal metastasis, peritoneal cytology, retroperitoneal lymph node involvement p53 overexpression was assessed via immunohistochemical staining. Tissues that expressed p53 were considered as positive p53 staining. In terms of degree of staining, 1-29%, 30-90% and 80-100% of tumoral tissue stained with p53 were considered to be mild, moderate and high p53 staining, respectively. RESULTS: Mean age and follow-up period of the study group were 58.2 +/- 10.6 years and 33.4 +/- 2.7 months, respectively. Percentages of cases surgically staged as early (I-II) and advanced (III-IV) FIGO stages were 65.8% (n: 73) and 34.2% (n: 38), respectively. Cases with positive p53 staining had a significantly high mean survival period compared with those with negative p53 staining (86.6 +/- 6.0 vs 49.1 +/- 8.1, p < 0.001). p53 overexpression was statistically detected to be high in Stage III-IV tumors, non-endometrioid histologic subtypes (p = 0.019), histologic and nuclear grade 2-3 tumors (p < 0.001), adnexal/serosal metastasis (p = 0.001), lymph node involvement (p = 0.012), and positive peritoneal cytology (p = 0.017). The degree of p53 staining was remarkably correlated with survival. In cases with mild and high p53 staining, mean survival times were 47.1 +/- 7.0 months and 57.0 +/- 13.1 months, respectively (p = 0.0003) compared to those with high p53 staining. On univariate analysis, all of the prognosticators, including p53 staining (p < 0.001) and degree of p53 staining (p < 0.001) appeared to be independent risk factors for poor prognosis. On multivariate analysis, only pelvic lymph node involvement (p = 0.03), serosal/adnexal involvement (p = 0.004), and positive peritoneal cytology (p = 0.01) were found to be independent prognosticators of survival while p53 expression (p = 0.743) and degree of p53 staining (p = 0.802) were not detected as independent prognosticators. CONCLUSION: p53 overexpression is strongly related to poor prognostic indicators in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Although in this study p53 overexpression was not detected as an independent prognosticator, additional studies with large data set are needed to evaluate the prognostic value of p53 expression.     

子宫内膜癌患者血清及病理分子标志物与其病理特征关系的研究

目的探讨子宫内膜癌组织中癌基因表达及血清学肿瘤标志物水平与其临床病理特点及预后的相关性。方法回顾性分析467例原发性子宫内膜癌患者的临床病理资料。并按照临床预后的高危因素将子宫内膜癌患者分为高危组和低危组。采用免疫组化法检测其组织中雌激素受体（ER）、孕激素受体（PR）、PTEN、p53和Ki-67基因的表达,电化学发光法和酶联免疫法检测血清中CA125、CP2、CA199及唾液酸（SA）等肿瘤标志物,分析各项肿瘤标志物与其临床病理特征的相关性。结果不同临床病理分期ER、PR、PTEN、CA125和CP2表达比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,不同病理分级ER、PR、Ki-67和SA表达比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,不同肌层浸润深度PR、CA125和CA199表达比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,有无淋巴结转移ER、PR、CA125和CP2表达比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,有无脉管内癌栓CA125和SA表达比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,有无腹水癌细胞CA125表达比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.001）。高危组PR表达显著低于低危组（P〈0.05）,高危组Ki-67、CA125、CA199和CP2的表达均显著高于低危组（P〈0.05）,两组中ER、p53、PTEN和SA表达比较,差异均无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论 PR、Ki-67、CA125、CA199和CP2与子宫内膜癌的预后密切相关,有助于指导临床治疗。     

Prognostic Significance of Progesterone Receptor Immunohistochemistry in Endometrial Carcinoma

Objective.The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of steroid hormone receptors in endometrial carcinoma using immunohistochemical staining for progesterone receptor (PR) and estrogen receptor (ER).Methods.We evaluated the correlation between PR/ER immunohistochemistry and age, clinical stage, tumor grade, myometrial tumor invasion, and disease-free survival in a series of 92 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma.Results.Fifty (54.4%) endometrial carcinomas were PR-positive and 44 (47.8%) were ER-positive. PR immunohistochemistry of endometrial carcinoma was statistically correlated with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (I, II vs III, IV,P= 0.001), FIGO grade (G1 vs G2 vs G3,P= 0.007), the depth of myometrial tumor invasion (1/2 vs >1/2,P= 0.006), and disease-free survival (living vs dead,P= 0.0025). In contrast, ER immunohistochemistry had significant correlations with the depth of myometrial tumor invasion (P= 0.026) and disease-free survival (P= 0.032). Multivariate analysis of PR/ER immunohistochemistry, stage, grade, and myometrial invasion showed that the PR immunohistochemistry was a significant prognostic factor for survival (P= 0.026).Conclusion.PR/ER immunohistochemistry was significantly related to survival and PR immunohistochemistry appeared to be the most reliable means for predicting survival in endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, independent of other clinicopathological parameters.     

子宫内膜癌雄激素受体表达及临床意义

目的:探讨子宫内膜癌组织中的雄激素受体(AR)的表达及其与临床病理特征和雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)表达的关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学SP法检测41例正常子宫内膜、18例不典型增生及116例子宫内膜癌组织中AR、ER、PR的表达。结果:①子宫内膜细胞普遍存在AR的表达,在正常子宫内膜、不典型增生子宫内膜、子宫内膜癌组织中阳性表达率逐渐增高,但差异无统计学意义(P=0.424)。②AR在子宫内膜癌中的表达随患者FIGO分期、组织病理分级的升高而下降(P=0.011;P=0.047),而与患者发病年龄、是否绝经、组织学类型、淋巴结有无转移、肌层有无浸润无明显关系(P>0.05)。③AR的表达与ER、PR的表达呈正相关(r=0.293,P=0.001;r=0.275,P=0.003)。结论:AR在子宫内膜癌的发生、发展中可能起重要作用,AR阳性表达者的生物学行为较好。     

钙激活氯通道TMEM16A在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其临床意义的初步研究

目的研究钙激活氯通道TMEM16A在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其与临床病理特征的关系。方法免疫组织化学方法检测25例子宫内膜癌、24例正常子宫内膜组织TMEM16A的表达,并分析其与临床病理特征的关系。结果①TMEM16A在子宫内膜癌的表达主要位于胞膜及胞浆内,阳性表达率80％,显著高于正常子宫内膜组织（29．2％）（P〈0．05）;②子宫内膜癌中TMEM16A表达与肿瘤分化程度密切相关,中、低分化子宫内膜癌组织TMEM16A阳性率显著高于高分化者（93．8％V555．6％,P=0．040）,TMEM16A表达与手术病理分期、肌层浸润、淋巴结转移及脉管内癌栓的差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;③子宫内膜癌中TMEM16A表达与P53具有相关性（P=0．046）,与ER,PR和Ki-67表达无显著相关（P〉0．05）。结论钙激活氯通道TMEM16A与子宫内膜癌有一定的关系,可能参与了子宫内膜癌的发生机制。     

The value of epithelial membrane antigen overexpression in hyperplastic and malignant endometrium and its relationship with steroid hormone receptor expression

The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of epithelial membrane antigen overexpression (EMA OE) in benign, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium and to analyze its association with estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER, PR) immunohistochemistry, tumor grade and myometrial invasion in patients with endometrial carcinoma (EC). The OE of EMA was analysed immunohistochemically in nine patients with benign endometrium (BE), in 18 patients with atypical complex endometrial hyperplasia (ACH) and in 29 patients with EC. EMA OE was present in 13 of 29 patients (44.8%) with EC, in two of 18 patients (11.1 %) with ACH, and in none of nine patients with BE (p < 0.05). EMA OE of endometrial carcinoma was statistically correlated with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) grade (G1 vs G2 and G3, p < 0.05) and depth of myometrial invasion (< 1/2 vs > 1/2, p < 0.05). EMA OE was significantly associated with PR negativity (p < 0.001). However it did not show any association with ER immunohistochemistry (p = 0.14). PR immunohistochemistry had significant correlations with FIGO grade (p < 0.001) and depth of myometrial invasion (p < 0.05) but ER loss showed a nearly significant association only with advanced FIGO grade (p = 0.054). In conclusion, EMA shows increased expression as the lesion progresses to malignancy and can also aid discrimination between hyperplastic and neoplastic states. The correlation of imunohistochemical findings with tumor grade and myometrial invasion could help in predicting behavior of the tumor and planning treatment in patients with endometrial carcinoma.     

子宫内膜癌分子标志物与临床病理特征关系的研究

目的探讨子宫内膜癌中ER、PR、PTEN、p53及Ki-67的表达与临床、病理特征的关系。方法收集200例原发性子宫内膜癌患者的临床病理资料,对其ER、PR、PTEN、p53及Ki-67表达情况进行统计学分析。结果①子宫内膜癌病例中．ER、PR、PTEN、p53的阳性表达率分别为86．5％、85．5％、82．10和49．2％;Ki-67在癌灶中的阳性表达率为4％--95％,平均为46．9％。②妊娠次数与PR阳性表达呈负相关（r=-0．191,P=0．007）,而发病年龄、分娩次数与p53阳性表达呈正相关（r=0．184,P=0．041;r=0．255,P=0．004）。③子宫内膜样腺癌ER、PR、p53阳性率与其他类型子宫内膜癌比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0,01）。④ER阳性表达与手术病理分期呈负相关（r=-0．155,P=0．028）,其中I期患者ER阳性率高于Ⅱ期及以上患者（P=0．032）。⑤ER、PR阳性表达与组织学分级呈负相关（r=-0．217,P=0．002;r=-0．317,P=0．000）,但p53、Ki-67表达与其呈正相关（r=0．327,P=0．000;r=0．465,P=0．000）。⑥ER阳性表达与肌层浸润深度呈负相关（r=-0．142,P=0．046）,在有无深肌层浸润上ER、PR表达率均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论对子宫内膜活检组织进行分子标志物的分子特征检测,有助于指导临床。     

冰冻病理诊断预测子宫内膜癌淋巴转移的临床价值研究

目的:研究影响子宫内膜癌患者淋巴结转移的因素,评价术中冰冻病理预测淋巴结转移的作用。方法:回顾分析1996年7月至2008年1月在上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院和2008年9月至2011年9月在同济大学附属第一妇婴保健院收治的共389例子宫内膜癌患者的临床资料,195例患者实施了盆腔淋巴结切除,其中43例同时行腹主动脉旁淋巴结切除。分析患者淋巴结转移的临床相关因素,评价冰冻病理结果在预测淋巴结转移中的价值。结果:盆腔淋巴结转移率为12.8%(25/195),腹主动脉旁淋巴结转移率为11.6%(5/43)。深肌层浸润(P<0.001)、宫颈累及(P<0.001)、ER阴性(P=0.001)与盆腔淋巴结转移显著相关。肿瘤细胞级别升高、病理类型(Ⅰ型、Ⅱ型)与盆腔淋巴结转移无显著相关性。低风险子宫内膜癌(排除G3和肌层深度≥1/2)患者的盆腔淋巴转移率为4.5%(3/67)。按冰冻结果制定4种预测模型,G1+限于内膜组,淋巴结阳性率为0;G1+<1/2肌层组,盆腔和腹主淋巴结阳性率均为2.4%;G2+<1/2肌层组,盆腔和腹主淋巴结阳性率分别为4.8%、0;未发现G2+限于内膜的病例。淋巴结切除组的生存率高于未切除组(79.5%vs 75.9%),但无统计学差异(P=0.086)。结论:冰冻病理用于预测淋巴结转移的作用有限,建议对除G1限于内膜的子宫内膜样腺癌患者,其余均应实施全面的分期手术。     

Lymphvascular space involvement--a prognostic indicator in endometrial adenocarcinoma

The present study evaluates the effects of various prognostic indicators on survival of patients with clinical Stage I endometrial carcinoma. Ninety-three patients who were treated for clinical Stage I endometrial adenocarcinoma at Maimonides Medical Center from October 1979 to October 1987 had sufficient surgical-pathological information for retrospective surgical staging according to the new FIGO classification. Histology was reviewed. A new grade and surgical stage was assigned to each patient in accordance with the recent FIGO guidelines for surgical staging of corpus cancer. Poor prognostic indicators, namely, tumor grade, depth of myometrial invasion, peritoneal cytology, lymph node metastases, and lymphvascular space (LVS) involvement, were correlated with 5-year survival rates. Survival rates were calculated by the life table method. Depth of myometrial invasion, lymph node involvement, and peritoneal cytology had significant statistical correlation with poor survival. Positive finding of each of the prognostic indicators, including LVS involvement, was significantly associated with poor survival (all P less than 0.001). The value of these prognostic indicators in early endometrial carcinoma is discussed.     

细胞周期调控相关蛋白P53、P16、P21、Rb在子宫内膜癌的表达与意义

目的 :研究与细胞周期G1→S调控点相关的P5 3、P16、P2 1、Rb蛋白在子宫内膜癌的表达及其相关情况 ,探讨其临床应用价值。方法 :采用免疫组化 (LSAB法 )检测上述指标在 2 1例正常子宫内膜、15例子宫内膜上皮内瘤样病变 (EIN)及 4 5例子宫内膜癌中的表达。结果 :P5 3蛋白表达由正常内膜、EIN至内膜癌逐渐升高 ,而P16、P2 1、Rb蛋白结果相反 ;在子宫内膜癌中 ,P5 2和P2 1呈负相关 (r =- 0 .32 2 ) ,P16、P2 1与Rb呈正相关 (r=0 .36 1;r =0 .4 41)。P2 1蛋白表达与良好病理学分级有关 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,P5 3蛋白表达与临床各参数有关 ,与ER、PR的表达呈负相关 ,单因素及多因素分析均提示P5 3蛋白表达阳性的子宫内膜癌患者预后差 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 :与细胞周期G1→S调控相关的P5 3、P16、P2 1、Rb蛋白均参与子宫内膜癌发生、发展 ,且部分基因相互关联 ,P5 3可作为独立预后因素应用于临床 ,其阳性表达提示预后不良     

Angiogenesis, p53, and bcl-2 expression as prognostic indicators in endometrial cancer: comparison with traditional clinicopathologic variables.

We investigated the relation of expression of tumor-suppressor gene product p53, apoptosis-regulator gene product bcl-2, and CD34 (as a measure of microvessel density [MVD]) with traditional clinicopathologic prognostic variables in endometrial carcinoma (histologic type, grade, depth of myometrial invasion, angiolymphatic invasion, lymph node involvement). In specimens from 63 patients with endometrial carcinoma, the mean MVD (64.38+/-28.71 microvessels per 200x field) was not related to any clinicopathologic variables. Nuclear p53 expression was detected in 15 (23.8%) patients and was higher in nonendometrioid carcinomas (p<0.05) and in tumors with increasing histologic grade (p<0.001). Cytoplasmic bcl-2 staining was seen in 79.3% of the tumors. There was a negative correlation between bcl-2 expression and histologic type and tumor grade (p<0.05). In survival analysis, patient age, FIGO stage, high expression of p53, low expression of bcl-2, and high and intermediate MVD values were found to be the most significant prognostic indicators of survival (p<0.05). In multivariate regression analysis, FIGO stage and low bcl-2 expression were found to be the only independent indicators of prognosis (p<0.05).     

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactivity in stage I endometrial carcinoma: a new prognostic factor

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoreactivity in tumor cells in patients with endometrial carcinoma. A population of 74 patients with FIGO stage I endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, who underwent primary surgical management, were selected from January, 1986 to June, 1993 at the Department of Gynecologic and Obstetrics, Ancona University. The archival paraffin blocks from the uterine tumor specimens were recut and assessed for histologic reexamination and PCNA immunostaining (PC 10 monoclonal antibody; Dako, Denmark). A significant increase in PCNA index was observed with respect to nuclear grade ( P < 0.001) and depth of myometrial invasion ( P < 0.001), with the highest percentage values in nuclear grade 3 tumors and in 50% myometrial invasion. A PCNA index 50% was related significantly to disease-recurrence risk ( P < 0.001) and PCNA index seems to be a significant prognostic parameter in stage I endometrial carcinoma, for disease-free survival.     

Prognostic value of p53 expression in stage IB1 cervical carcinoma

The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate the patterns of p53 expression in stage IB1 squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix, to compare p53 expression with clinicopathological findings, and to assess its prognostic value. 27 patients with stage IB1 squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix underwent abdominal radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection. Expression of p53 was studied immunohistochemically. Overexpression of p53 was detected in 33.3% of the tumors, low expression was seen in 11.1%, and negative expression was found in 55.6%. Deep cervical stromal invasion (> or = 1/2) was found to be associated with the increased risk of lymph node metastases (odds ratio = 17.5). A significantly lower percentage of patients survived when p53 overexpression was observed (p = 0.0315). Univariate analysis revealed that tumor size (2-3.9 cm), lymph node metastasis, tumor invasion into parametria, tumor invasion into blood/lymph vessels, squamous cell carcinoma antigen (> or = 2 ng/ml), and p53 overexpression had a significantly lower recurrence-free survival rate. None of these above factors obtained significance in the multivariate analysis. This study suggests that expression of p53 may be indicative of an unfavorable prognosis in patients with stage IB1 squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.     

Can initial serum cyfra 21-1, SCC antigen, and TPA levels in squamous cell cervical cancer predict lymph node metastases or prognosis?

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether lymph node metastases or prognosis can be predicted by initial serum Cyfra 21-1, tissue polypeptide antigen (TPA), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) levels in squamous cell cervical cancer. METHODS: Pretreatment serum levels of 92 patients were correlated with clinicopathologic parameters and prognostic data. The clinical performance of the tests was evaluated by their receiver operating characteristic curves. The prognostic power of the variables was assessed using Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Serum levels of each marker were significantly related to tumor stage, size, and depth of infiltration. The clinical performance of each marker in predicting lymph node metastases or parametrial involvement was poor. In the stepwise Cox regression analysis, regarding patients with early stage cervical cancer (stage Ib/IIa, n = 63), tumor size (P = 0.0005) was the only independent prognostic factor for disease-free interval. Lymph node status (P = 0.0014), tumor size (P = 0.004), and parametrial involvement (P = 0.025) were independent risk factors for survival. Considering all patients with stages Ia through IVb disease, tumor size (P = 0.0001) and TPA level (P = 0. 026) were independent risk factors for disease-free interval, whereas tumor size (P = 0.0001) and parametrial involvement (P = 0. 0002) were risk factors for survival. CONCLUSIONS: Pretreatment Cyfra 21-1, TPA, and SCC-Ag levels were strongly related to tumor burden, but insufficiently reliable for identifying patients at risk of the presence of lymph node metastases or parametrial involvement. Serum levels of each marker showed no independent prognostic value in early stage cervical cancer.     

肿瘤抑癌蛋白PTEN、P53在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达

目的 研究肿瘤抑癌蛋白PTEN、突变型P53在子宫内膜组织中的分布和表达,探讨其在子宫内膜癌发病中的意义。方法 选择30例子宫内膜癌组织及癌旁组织标本,分别采用Western印迹半定量方法研究PTEN的相对表达量,采用免疫组织化学法进行PTEN、P53蛋白表达研究,并与临床分期、病理分级、淋巴结转移和雌孕激素受体状态的相关性进行分析。结果 Western印迹定量结果显示PTEN蛋白在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达明显高于癌旁正常组织(P<0.01)。免疫组化结果显示PTEN主要分布于细胞浆中,而P53主要分布于细胞核中。17/30例(56.7％)子宫内膜癌中PTEN完全缺失,9/30例(30.0％)部分缺失。PTEN在子宫内膜癌的表达与临床分期有关,其中Ⅱ期的表达缺失率明显高于临床Ⅱ、Ⅲ期,但与病理分级、肌层浸润及淋巴结转移无明显相关性。突变型P53在子宫内膜癌的阳性表达率为36.7％;与病理分级、临床分期有关,而与肌层浸润、淋巴结转移无关。PTEN表达缺失率在雌孕激素受体阳性的癌组织中明显高于雌孕激素受体阴性的癌组织。结论K-PTEN与子宫内膜癌的发生有关,是相对早期的分子事件;P53的突变提示肿瘤预后不良,是相对晚期的分子事件,可能在子宫内膜癌的发展中发挥作用。