胸锁乳突肌延长术治疗肌性斜颈

１９９０年９月以来，我们以自行设计的胸锁乳突肌Ｚ延长术治疗肌性斜颈４９例。年龄２～２２岁，其中年龄小于１２岁者３４例。术后随访３个月至３年，优良率达９５．９％。文中详细介绍了手术方法，讨论了胸锁乳突肌延长术的特点和适应证以及与治疗斜颈有关的颈部应用解剖和手术要点，有关外固定和功能锻炼的必要性。强调了矫正斜颈恢复患侧的正常颈部体表形态对美学效果的重要性。     

胸锁乳突肌延长术治疗肌性斜颈

１９９０年９月以来，我们以自行设计的胸锁乳突肌Ｚ延长术治疗肌性斜颈４９例。年龄２￣２２岁，其中年龄小于１２岁者３４例。术后随访３个月至３年，优良率达９５．９％。文中详细介绍了手术方法，讨论了胸锁乳突肌延长术的特点和适应证以及与治疗斜颈有关的颈部应用解剖和手术要点，有关外固定和功能锻炼的必要性。强调了矫正斜颈恢复患侧的正常颈部体表形态对美学效果的重要性。     

胸锁乳突肌延长术治疗肌性斜颈

1990年9月以来,我们以自行设计的胸锁乳突肌 Z 延长术治疗肌性斜颈49例。年龄2～22岁,其中年龄小于12岁者34例。术后随访3个月至3年,优良率达95.9%。文中详细介绍了手术方法,讨论了胸锁乳突肌延长术的特点和适应证以及与治疗斜颈有关的颈部应用解剖和手术要点,有关外固定和功能锻炼的必要性。强调了矫正斜颈恢复患侧的正常颈部体表形态对美学效果的重要性。     

胸锁乳突肌成形术治疗先天性肌性斜颈

我院自 1996年 6月～ 2 0 0 1年 7月 ,采用分别切断胸锁乳突肌胸、锁骨头 ,并将胸骨头近断端与锁骨头远断端吻合延长的胸锁乳突肌成形术治疗先天性肌性斜颈患儿 42例 ,取得了满意的疗效。临床资料一、一般资料　本组 42例 ,男 2 5例 ,女 17例 ;年龄 1～18岁 ,平均 4.6岁 ;左侧斜颈 2 7例 ,右侧斜颈 15例 ;1～ 4岁2 4例 ,5～ 12岁 14例 ,12岁以上 4例。二、手术方法　术前拍摄颈椎正位片 ,分别测量双侧乳突至胸锁关节的长度 ,粗略估计患侧胸锁乳突肌需延长长度。年龄较小 ,不合作患儿采用氯氨酮基础麻醉加局麻 ;年龄较大 ,配合较好患儿采用局…     

胸锁乳突肌多头切断术治疗成人先天性肌性斜颈

目的探讨胸锁乳突肌多头切断术治疗成人先天性肌性斜颈的方法及效果。方法 2009年3月—2011年2月,收治19例成人先天性肌性斜颈患者。男13例,女6例;年龄16～32岁,平均23.5岁。X线片检查示,12例伴不同程度颈椎侧弯及楔形改变。10例伴患侧面部发育迟缓。4例既往曾行胸锁乳突肌单侧头切断术。患者均采用胸锁乳突肌多头切断术,联合术后石膏托及颈托外固定3～6个月。结果术后患者切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无感染及血肿发生。16例患者获随访,随访时间5个月～2年,平均8个月。患者头颈部畸形均较术前明显改善。术后2周疗效评定:7例无颈椎畸形患者为优;12例伴颈椎畸形患者优1例,良7例,一般4例。术后2周测量患侧胸锁乳突肌乳突尖至胸锁关节距离,无颈椎畸形患者较术前延长(1.88±0.30)cm,手术前后差异有统计学意义(t=6.24,P=0.00),且术后测量值与正常值比较差异无统计学意义(t=1.87,P=0.11);伴颈椎畸形患者术后较术前延长(3.38±0.30)cm,差异有统计学意义(t=11.37,P=0.00),但术后测量值仍低于正常值(t=12.19,P=0.00)。结论采用胸锁乳突肌多头切断术治疗成人先天性肌性斜颈,能明显改善症状,恢复颈部活动功能。     

胸锁乳突肌下端切断术治疗肌性斜颈

目的：本文报告54例肌性斜颈手术治疗经验。方法：对54例肌性斜颈行胸锁乳突肌下端切断术治疗。结果：疗效优者达85．2％,无一例并发症。结论：胸锁乳突肌下端切断术,操作简单、安全,是一种值得信赖的治疗方法。     

胸锁乳突肌延长术治疗肌性斜颈：附10例报告

胸锁乳突肌延长术治疗肌性斜颈（附１０例报告）周增福，陈广灿，鹿守军从１９８６年～１９９２年，我们用胸锁乳突肌延长术治疗肌性斜颈１０例，对病人均作了随访，治疗效果良好。现报告如１临床资料男８例，女２例。年龄最小的１岁６个月，年龄最大的３岁。平均年龄１岁...     

内镜下胸锁乳突肌切断治疗肌性斜颈的疗效观察

目的探讨内镜下离断胸锁乳突肌治疗肌性斜颈的效果。方法23例肌性斜颈患儿,年龄1个月～12岁,中位数2岁6个月。右侧腋窝皮纹线内置入5mm trocar,手持镜头将胸锁乳突肌下端胸骨头和锁骨头表面的肌膜钝性分离,充入CO2气体加压至6mmHg,形成皮下空间。在外侧颈下横纹内和前胸横纹处切开3mm分别置入3mm弯钳和电刀尖。电凝或电切横断胸锁乳突肌纤维束,松解胸锁乳突肌周围的纤维组织。结果23例均在内镜下完成手术。平均手术时间51．2min（35～135min）,术中出血量均〈1ml。无损伤周围大血管和神经。1例颈部切口处皮肤轻微电灼伤,2周后自愈。术后行颈部舒展活动训练,术后第1天出院。23例随访3个月～4年,中位时间6个月,斜颈均矫正,疗效优18例,良5例,切口瘢痕不明显,皮肤弹性好,随表情无异常活动现象,无复发。结论内镜下胸锁乳突肌切断治疗肌性斜颈具有微创、恢复快、效果好的优点,瘢痕不明显,美观且不损伤颈阔肌,对表情活动无影响。     

Efficacy of bipolar release in neglected congenital muscular torticollis patients

Surgical correction of the congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is recommended for patients with unsuccessful conservative treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of surgical release of congenital muscular torticollis in neglected cases. We retrospectively evaluated the data of our patients in terms of age, sex, clinical presentation, localization of the lesion, diagnostic tests, and additional abnormalities. The age at operation ranged from 6 to 23 years. Complete muscular release as determined by pre-operative and postoperative range of motion measurements was achieved in all of the patients by bipolar release. In this study, neck motion and head tilt showed marked improvement with surgical treatment in cases with CMT who were admitted to the hospital lately. Congenital muscular torticollis patients can benefit from surgical intervention above the age of 5. Bipolar release is an adequate and complication-free method.     

Adult presentation of congenital muscular torticollis: a series of 12 patients treated with a bipolar release of sternocleidomastoid and Z-lengthening

Adult presentation of neglected congenital muscular torticollis is rare. We report 12 patients with this condition who underwent a modified Ferkel's release comprising a bipolar release of sternocleidomastoid with Z-lengthening. They had a mean age of 24 years (17 to 31) and were followed up for a minimum of two years. Post-operatively a cervical collar was applied for three weeks with intermittent supervised active assisted exercises for six weeks. Outcome was assessed using a modified Lee score and a Cheng and Tang score. The mean pre-operative rotational deficit was 8.25° (0° to 15°) and mean lateral flexion deficit was 20.42° (15° to 30°), which improved after treatment to a mean of 1.67° (0° to 5°) and 7.0° (4° to 14°) after treatment, respectively. According to the modified Lee scoring system, six patients had excellent results, two had good results and four had fair results, and using the Cheng and Tang score, eight patients had excellent results and four had good results. Surgical management of adult patients with neglected congenital muscular torticollis using a modified Ferkel's bipolar release gives excellent results. The range of neck movement and head tilt improved in all 12 patients and cosmesis improved in 11, despite the long-standing nature of the deformity.     

Ultrastructure of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in muscular torticollis.

The sternocleidomastoid muscles from five children with muscular torticollis--examined by transmission electron microscopy, exhibited a marked increase in interstitial collagen deposition, and scattered areas of amorphous ground substance with electron dense deposits. No vascular abnormalities were observed. Ultrastructural muscle abnormalities showed various stages of immobilization degeneration including nearly complete loss of myofibrils. The muscle abnormalities ultrastructurally are consistent with immobilization degeneration, probably secondary to the marked fibrosis in the sternocleidomastoid muscle.     

Infantile fibromatosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle mimicking muscular torticollis

Infantile fibromatosis is a rare entity in children. Although the cervical region is one of the frequent sites of location for this tumor, the diagnosis may be delayed if it occurs in a usual location for a well-known entity, such as muscular torticollis or fibromatosis colli. The authors present an infant with infantile desmoid fibromatosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which has been considered initially as olive of muscular torticollis.     

实时剪切波弹性成像评价先天性肌性斜颈胸锁乳突肌

目的 应用实时剪切波弹性成像（SWE）技术评价先天性肌性斜颈（CMT）患儿胸锁乳突肌（SCM）。方法 对130例初诊CMT患儿进行二维超声检查,根据二维超声表现确定其二维分型（Ⅰ~Ⅳ型）,采用SWE测量患侧、健侧SCM弹性模量平均值（E_mean）;对患侧二维超声表现分型与E_mean进行相关性分析;运用ROC曲线计算各型的E_mean截断值。结果 CMT患儿各二维超声表现分型健侧与患侧SCM的E_mean差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。各二维超声表现分型与患侧E_mean呈正相关（r_s=0.76,P<0.05）。利用ROC曲线获得Ⅰ~Ⅳ型E_mean截断值分别为15.35 kPa、29.60 kPa、38.05 kPa及47.80 kPa。结论 SWE技术可客观量化显示SCM硬度,评估CMT患儿胸锁乳突肌纤维化严重程度,具有较高临床价值。     

Subcutaneous tenotomy of the sternocleidomastoid muscle as therapy in muscular torticollis

This study reviews the cases of 49 patients with congenital muscular torticollis after an average follow-up of seven years, who were treated with subcutaneous sternomastoid tenotomy. An excellent result was found in 18 patients (37%), a good result in another 18 patients (37%), while the result of 13 patients (26%) must be regarded as unsatisfactory. There were no severe complications to be seen. These results are compared with other operative technics of treatment of muscular torticollis and the poor results are analyzed. We believe that subcutaneous sternomastoid tenotomy is a good method for treatment of muscular torticollis, with the advantage of avoiding any ugly scar.     

Acute onset of velopharyngeal insufficiency and Dysphagia after sternocleidomastoid myotomy for congenital muscular torticollis

The purposes of the tie-over dressing are to secure a skin graft toward the wound bed to avoid complications such as fluid or blood accumulation and to prevent graft movements over the wound bed. When there is a concern of uneventful graft take because of infection or blood accumulation underneath the graft, it is necessary to check the status of the graft at the postoperative first and subsequent days. Therefore, an ideal tie-over dressing method should not only ensure adequate immobilization and pressure but also be able to be renewed simply and quickly. We developed a new tie-over dressing method by using bra hooks and packing rubber bands to solve these problematic issues.