贵阳地区新生儿G6PD缺乏症分子筛查结果分析

目的：了解贵阳地区葡萄糖‐6‐磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD ）缺乏症的发生率及基因突变分布情况。方法选取新生儿脐血DNA样本515例,采用基质辅助激光解吸／电离飞行时间质谱系统检测G6PD基因15种突变类型和1种多态位点。结果515份样本检出G6PD基因突变10例,检出率为1．94％。检出5种突变类型：1388G＞ A 4例（40．0％）,1024C＞ T 和519C＞ T各2例（20．0％）,1376G＞ T和95A＞G各1例（10．0％）。多态位点1311C＞T的等位基因频率为12．79％。结论贵阳地区是G6PD缺乏症的高发区,1388G＞A是该地区最常见的G6PD基因突变类型。     

Prevalence of erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in the population of western Turkey

BACKGROUND: Newborn G6PD deficiency screening has been recognized as an essential component of public health care in most developed and some Mediterranean countries. However, such screening is yet to be widely embraced in Turkey. The aim of the present study was to determine the normal values of G6PD and deficiency prevalence of this enzyme in different age groups of people living in the western region of Turkey and accordingly inform and educate about favism to those asymptomatic carriers who usually are not aware of their G6PD deficient status. METHODS: A total of 1421 clinically healthy individuals without evidence of leukocytosis or thrombocytosis were included in the study. Activity of G6PD was quantitatively measured. RESULTS: Normal mean values of G6PD in healthy males were 8.94 +/- 8.65 IU/g Hb (or 231.73 +/- 43.16 IU/10(12) RBC), in females were 9.16 +/- 3.78 IU/g Hb (or 219.9 +/- 43.1 IU/10(12) RBC). The frequencies of severe and mild G6PD deficiencies were 0.44% and 6.07% in females, respectively, whereas in males it was 7.24%. Overall frequency of the G6PD-deficient phenotype was detected as 6.9%. CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant statistical difference of G6PD activity between males and females, although frequency of the G6PD-deficient phenotype is relatively high in western Turkey. The results emphasize a need for screening for G6PD deficiency before prescribing anti-malarial therapy with drugs like primaquine to patients in this region of Turkey known for its prevalence of malaria.     

云南省重点地区疟疾病例G6PD基因突变研究

目的 通过分析云南省间日疟病例G6PD基因特征,摸清病例G6PD基因分子流行病学分布,为云南省疟疾规范治疗提供技术参考。方法 收集2016年度云南省间日疟病例标本和病例流行病学史等信息,对照G6PD基因特征序列,采用聚合酶链式反应扩增目的基因片段,获得分析片段,对获取的片段进行电泳并进行序列测定。结果 使用MEGA及SPSS进行分析,分析位点突变率、群体间遗传分化指数及地区间突变差异情况。结果共计检测样本188份,基因主要突变类型为点突变（point mutation）,20280 C>T和1311 T>C突变率较高,突变率均为78.1%（147/188）,1311 T>C系沉默突变（silent mutation）,20280 C>T突变表现为单核苷酸多态性（Single Nucleotide Polymorphism）;未发现A95G、G1376T和G1388A突变。通过比对,云南间日疟病例G6PD基因与GenBank G6PD基因遗传距离为0.00~0.028,1311突变型（T>C）与1311野生型遗传距离为0.021。腾冲市1311 T>C突变率为92%（23/25）,盈江县1311 T>C突变率为77.8%（102/131）,两者差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论 云南省间日疟病例G6PD基因主要突变位点地区间差异不明显,现有的疟疾治疗方案不需要调整,但治疗时应密切关注药物性溶血的发生。     

贵州土家族葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶基因突变型

目的研究贵州土家族葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)基因致病突变型,检测G6PD缺乏症发生率及基因频率。方法通过硝基四氮唑蓝纸片法对2 789例土家族男性进行G6PD缺乏症定性筛查,用变性高效液相色谱技术和DNA测序对78例个体进行基因突变型鉴定。结果在2 789例纯系土家族男性中,发现2例酶活性异常。在印江县采集的78例(2例酶活性异常和76例正常)纯系土家族男性血样中,共检出G6PD c.1388G>A突变2例、c.1376G>T突变1例和c.1311C>T/IVS 11+93T>C突变2例,基因突变型分别占2.6%、1.3%和2.6%。结论在贵州土家族人群中发现c.1388G>A、c.1376G>T和c.1311C>T/IVS11+93T>C 3种突变型,是共同存在于中国人群的G6PD基因突变型,中华民族可能源于共同的祖先;贵州省印江县土家族男性G6PD缺乏症的基因频率为6.5%,可为上述地区G6PD缺乏症的防治提供依据。     

海南黎族人群葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶C1311T多态性分析

目的通过对海南黎族人群葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）基因C1311T多态性分析,进-步理解海南黎族人群G1376T和G1388A突变遗传背景。方法运用硝基四氮唑蓝定量法对海南黎族男性全血标本进行筛查,随机选取无关海南黎族萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症和正常标本各50份,PCR扩增G6PD外显子11至13序列并测序。结果筛查出海南黎族男性G6PD缺乏86例。在50例G6PD缺乏症的标本中,检出27例G1376T突变、12例G1388A突变和3例G6PDeDNAC1311T突变。在50例海南黎族正常标本中,检出12例G6PDeDNAC1311T突变。全部G6PDeDNAC1311T突变标本均合并IVS-11T93C突变,但未观察到G6PDC1311T合并其他突变。结论C1311T同义突变在海南黎族人群中是普遍存在,C1311T突变与IVS-11T93C突变可能是在较早的-次突变中同时产生的,但与G1376T突变或G1388A突变可能存在不同起源。     

G6PD缺陷症基因型分析：一种新的错义突变

目的对葡萄糖-6磷-酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺陷症患者进行G6PD基因型分析,分析基因突变类型。方法选取经G6PD活性测定确诊为G6PD缺陷症的49例患者和100名G6PD活性正常的体检者的全血标本,PCR和DNA测序法对G6PD基因外显子2~13进行序列分析。结果 49例G6PD缺陷症患者中,共发现12种错义突变,其中常见的三种为G6PD G1388A（26.5%）、G1376T（28.6%）和A95G（14.3%）,此三类基因型患者G6PD活性仅为正常人群的5%~18%。临床主要表现为新生儿黄疸、进食蚕豆后发生急性溶血性贫血等。其余突变类型包括C1024T（4.1%）、C1225T（2.0%）、C1159T（2.0%）、G487A（4.1%）、G392T（4.1%）、G1160A（6.1%）、G871A/C1311T（4.1%）和C406T/C1311T（2.0%）;在外显子7上发现了一种新的错义突变即G691C,该突变造成G6PD第231位丙氨酸（A la）被脯氨酸（Pro）替代。正常对照标本未发现相同的基因改变。结论 G6PD基因G1388A、G1376T和A95G是G6PD缺陷症患者最常见的三种突变类型。新发现的G691C突变导致A la231Pro,是引起红细胞G6PD活性降低,患者临床出现溶血症状的主要原因。     

G6PD缺陷症基因型分析：一种新的错义突变

目的 对葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺陷症患者进行G6PD基因型分析,分析基因突变类型.方法 选取经G6PD活性测定确诊为G6PD缺陷症的49例患者和100名G6PD活性正常的体检者的全血标本,PCR和DNA测序法对G6PD基因外显子2～13进行序列分析.结果 49例G6PD缺陷症患者中,共发现12种错义突变,其中常见的三种为G6PD G1388A(26.5%)、G1376T(28.6%)和A95G(14.3%),此三类基因型患者G6PD活性仅为正常人群的5%～18%.临床主要表现为新生儿黄疸、进食蚕豆后发生急性溶血性贫血等.其余突变类型包括C1024T(4.1%)、C1225T(2.0%)、C1159T(2.0%)、G487A(4.1%)、G392T(4.1%)、G1160A(6.1%)、G871A/C1311T(4.1%)和C406T/C1311T(2.0%);在外显子7上发现了一种新的错义突变即G691C,该突变造成G6PD第231位丙氨酸(Ala)被脯氨酸(Pro)替代.正常对照标本未发现相同的基因改变.结论 G6PD基因G1388A、G1376T和A95G是G6PD缺陷症患者最常见的三种突变类型.新发现的G691C突变导致Ala231Pro,是引起红细胞G6PD活性降低,患者临床出现溶血症状的主要原因.     

Prevalence of beta-thalassemia trait and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in Iranian Jews

BACKGROUND: beta-thalassemia is the most common inherited single gene disorder worldwide, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzyme deficiency. The goal of this study was to compare the frequency of beta-thalassemia trait and G6PD among the Moslem and Jewish populations in Shiraz, southern Iran. METHODS: We examined 201 Moslems and 187 Jewish subjects who were selected by random sampling. For diagnosis of thalassemia, complete blood count and hemoglobin electrophoresis were carried out and for G6PD deficiency, fluorescent spot test methods were used as a screening test. RESULTS: Among Moslem subjects, 14 cases (7.0%) were diagnosed as carriers of beta-thalassemia minor, whereas no carriers were detected among Jewish subjects. Seven Moslems (7%) and eight Jewish subjects (7.5%) were found to have G6PD deficiency. Among both groups the most common mutation was the Mediterranean type (563 C>T). In one Moslem subject, the detected mutation was 1003 (G>A) and in two Jewish subjects the mutations were 1376 (G>T) and G6PD A-. CONCLUSIONS: Whereas the frequency of beta-thalassemia minor among Moslems is higher than in the Jews in Shiraz, the frequency of G6PD deficiency was not significantly different in the two populations. These findings suggest that obligatory premarital beta-thalassemia screening for Jews in the community is not necessary, whereas neonatal screening for G6PD could be useful for both Jews and Moslems.     

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is associated with asymptomatic malaria in a rural community in Burkina Faso

ObjectiveTo investigate 4 combinations of mutations responsible for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency in a rural community of Burkina Faso, a malaria endemic country.MethodsTwo hundred individuals in a rural community were genotyped for the mutations A376G, G202A, A542T, G680T and T968C using TaqMan single nucleotide polymorphism assays and polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism.ResultsThe prevalence of the G6PD deficiency was 9.5% in the study population. It was significantly higher in men compared to women (14.3% vs 6.0%, P=0.049). The 202A/376G G6PD A- was the only deficient variant detected. Plasmodium falciparum asymptomatic parasitaemia was significantly higher among the G6PD-non-deficient persons compared to the G6PD-deficient (P<0.001). The asymptomatic parasitaemia was also significantly higher among G6PD non-deficient compared to G6PD-heterozygous females (P<0.001).ConclusionsThis study showed that the G6PD A- variant associated with protection against asymptomatic malaria in Burkina Faso is probably the most common deficient variant.     

Diabetic ketoacidosis does not precipitate haemolysis in patients with the Mediterranean variant of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Diabetic ketoacidosis is traditionally stated as being capable of precipitating haemolysis in patients deficient in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD). This, however, is based on only a few case reports with inadequate documentation. A study was therefore conducted to review the subject in people with the Mediterranean variant of G6PD deficiency. Perusal of the medical records for the years 1970-82 yielded 15 patients with G6PD deficiency who had been admitted to hospital for a total of 36 episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis. Ten of these episodes had been complicated by haemolytic anaemia, but in every one there was unequivocal evidence of either concurrent bacterial infection or inadvertent ingestion of drugs, either of which might induce haemolysis in G6PD deficient patients. In the remaining 26 episodes there was no evidence of developing or established haemolytic anaemia. From these findings diabetic ketoacidosis should not be regarded as a risk factor for haemolysis in the Mediterranean variant of G6PD deficiency.     

A novel mis-sense mutation (G1381A) in the G6PD gene identified in a Chinese man

Objective　To detect new mutations among 29 glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficient individuals from Yunnan province. Methods　The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) method was used to screen G6PD deficient individuals. Mutation was identified by single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP), amplification created restriction site (ACRS), amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) and DNA sequencing. Results　Among 29 cases, 18 cases of G1388A, 1 case of C1004A, and 1 case of G1381A were identified. Nine cases remained to be defined. The G1381A mutation is a novel mis-sense mutation, with a substitution of threonine for alanine (A461T). The resultant G6PD had reduced enzymatic activity. In addition, G1381A caused a restriction site of Stu I to disappear, providing a rapid method for the detection of this mutation. Conclusion　A novel mis-sense mutation G1381A was found. This mutation results in a substitution of threonine for alanine, producing enzyme with reduced activity. The loss of the Stu I restriction site offers a rapid method for the detection of this mutation.     

Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency and its correlation with other risk factors in jaundiced newborns in Southern Brazil

Objective

To evaluate the correlation between glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and neonatal jaundice.

Methods

Prospective, observational case-control study was conducted on 490 newborns admitted to Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre for phototherapy, who all experienced 35 or more weeks of gestation, from March to December 2007. Enzymatic screening of G6PD activity was performed, followed by PCR.

Results

There was prevalence of 4.6% and a boy-girl ratio of 3:1 in jaundiced newborns. No jaundiced neonate with ABO incompatibility presented G6PD deficiency, and no Mediterranean mutation was found. A higher proportion of deficiency was observed in Afro-descendants. There was no association with UGT1A1 variants.

Conclusions

G6PD deficiency is not related to severe hyperbilirubinemia and considering the high miscegenation in this area of Brazil, other gene interactions should be investigated.     

全自动生化分析仪检测G6PD活性在孕检中的意义

目的：探讨全自动生化分析仪检测G6PD活性对孕妇产前体检时G6PD缺乏和地中海贫血初筛的意义。方法：200份标本用生化分析仪检测G6PD活性，同时作高铁血红蛋白还原（MHB—RT）检测和血红蛋白电泳检测。结果：用生化仪检测G6PD活性其降低者与高铁血红蛋白还原检测结果极为吻合（吻合系数κ=0．872）；G6PD活性增高者与血红蛋白电泳时发现地中海贫血的结果也极为吻合（吻合系数，κ=0．862）。结论：用全自动生化分析仪直接快速检测G6PD活性，对孕妇产前G6PD缺乏和地中海贫血的初筛具有重要意义。     

遗传性红细胞葡糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症

本文综述了近30余年来作者等对遗传性红细胞葡糖一6一磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症研究的概况。主要包括:①蚕豆病的流行病学、病因发病机理、遗传学及防治研究,否定了花粉诱发溶血的论断;在国内首先证实葡糖一6一磷酸脱氢酶(G6 PD)缺乏是蚕豆病的遗传背景;采取了综合性防治措施降低了蚕豆病的发病率。②对G6 PD缺乏所致新生儿核黄疸进行了综合防治,取得了满意效果。③对全国13省、市、自治区及12个民族进行了大规模的基因频率调查,发现本病呈“南高北低”规律;对G6PD缺乏症患者血样进行了变异型鉴定,发现17种新变异型。④在广东省从DNA水平找到中国人中存在6种点突变。     

海南省新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症发生情况及基因突变分析研究

背景　葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶（G6PD）缺乏症会因遇到某些诱因而引起急性的溶血性贫血,严重者可危及生命。海南省是G6PD缺乏症的高发地区,并且该病具有地域和种族特异性,通过筛查和最终基因确诊可做到积极有效的预防。但是目前还未见海南省人群G6PD缺乏症基因层面的报道。目的　调查2017年度海南省新生儿G6PD缺乏症发生率,并分析其基因突变特点。方法　选取全海南省内各助产单位2017-01-01至2017-12-31出生的活产新生儿130 512例。采集符合纳入标准的新生儿的足跟血制成滤纸干血片用于G6PD基因初筛。对于初筛可疑样本,采用G6PD/6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶（6GPD）比值法进行生化检查确诊。生化检查确诊为G6PD缺乏症的患儿,找出其干血片进行基因分型。结果　2017年度海南省全省新生儿G6PD缺乏症初筛样本中初筛阳性率为4.00%（5 221/130 512）,G6PD/6GPD确诊2 993例,经基因检测该2 993例新生儿均有G6PD基因突变。海南省新生儿G6PD/6GPD确诊G6PD缺乏症发生率和G6PD基因突变率均为2.29%（2 993/130 512）。G6PD/6GPD确诊G6PD缺乏症发生率汉族为1.80%（1 972/109 590）,黎族为5.28%（934/17 698）,其他民族为2.70%（87/3 224）。黎族G6PD缺乏症发生率高于汉族（χ2=826.206,P<0.001）。本次共检出10种基因突变类型：1 636例（54.66%）c.1376G>T,659例（22.02%）c.1388G>A,254例（8.49%）c.95A>G,204例（6.82%）c.1024C>T,93例（3.11%）c.871G>A,64例（2.14%）c.519C>T,25例（0.84%）c.392G>T,22例（0.74%）c.1360C>T,19例（0.63%）517T>C,11例（0.37%）c.592C>T,并检出8例（0.27%）c.1376G>T复合c.1388G>A突变,3例（0.10%）c.1376G>T复合c.871G>A突变,3例（0.10%）c.1376G>T复合c.517T>C突变。并发现5例（0.17%）未知突变,其中1例487G>A、1例1004C>A和1例c.86C>T,在海南省人群未见报道。结论　海南省新生儿G6PD缺乏症发生率较高,且显著高于汉族。同时,G6PD缺乏症基因突变类型以c.1376G>T、c.1388G>A、c.95A>G 和c.1024C>T为主;且发现5例未知突变,其中c.86C>T、c.487G>A和c.1004C>A突变各有1例。     

Prevalence of G-6-PD deficiency in the Croatian Adriatic Coast population

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency among the population of the Croatian Adriatic Coast, part of the Mediterranean basin. METHODS: The fluorescent spot test was used to screen 2,726 randomly selected high school students in the Croatian Adriatic coastal area. Fluorescence readings were performed at the beginning and at 3, 6, 10, and 25 min of incubation. Results were classified into the following three groups: bright fluorescence (BF), weak fluorescence (WF), and no fluorescence (NF). All NF and WF samples at 3 min were quantitatively measured using the spectrophotometric method. RESULTS: Twelve persons, 10 boys and 2 girls, were found to be deficient in G-6-PD, rendering a 0.44% prevalence of G-6-PD deficiency. All NF samples at fluorescent spot test were G-6-PD-deficient. WF at 3 min of the incubation period was present in 33 (1.2%) subjects, and only 2 (6%) were true positive. Fluorescence reading at 10 min of incubation omits five (41%) of the G-6-PD deficient samples. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of G-6-PD deficiency in the Croatian Adriatic coastal population is 0.44%. Fluorescent spot test for moderate enzyme deficiency is reliable in early fluorescence reading.     

海南省新生儿葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶缺乏症的基因突变型分析

[目的]通过对新生儿疾病筛查中确诊的葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(G6PD)缺乏症患儿进行基因检测,确定海南省新生儿G6PD缺乏症的分子生物学基础.[方法]通过荧光斑点法在新生儿群体中筛查出可疑或阳性者,经G6PD/6GPD比值法确诊.将G6PD缺乏症患儿静脉血做DNA直接扩增法(PCR)、PCR-等位基因特异的寡核苷酸探针(PCR-ASO)分析、PcR-限制性片段长度多态性(PCR-RFLP)分析和PCR-单链构型多态性(PCR-SSCP)分析,检测基因突变.[结果]G6PD缺乏症新生儿51例中属于G1 376T的16例(31.37%)、属于G1 388A的11例(21.57%)、属于A95G的4例(7.84%)、属于G392T的2例(3.92%)、属于G871A的2例(3.92%)、属于A835T的1例(1.96%),属于T517C的1例(1.96%);余14例没有发现上述突变.[结论]海南省新生儿G6PD缺乏症的基因突变型与我国该遗传病其他高发地区的基因突变谱相似;未发现A835G-G6PD-海口突变型.     

261例G6PD缺乏症患儿基因突变型与血型关系的探讨

目的:初步探讨ABO血型与葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenas,G6PD)缺乏症基因突变型的交互作用及分析。方法:从G6PD缺乏症患者中,运用二代测序技术筛选出G1388A、G1376T、A95G点突变的患者;血清学方法检测血型。应用SPSS 21.0软件对结果进行比较分析。结果:355例缺乏症患者中检出261例基因突变,突变检出率为73.5%;且基因突变型在ABO血型的血型分布上有显著差异(P<0.05),具有相关性。结论:ABO血型与G6PD缺乏症基因突变型之间存在交互关系。     

海南黎族自治县地区新生儿G6PD缺乏症基因分析

目的了解海南省黎族自治县地区葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶(glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, G6PD)缺乏症发病情况和基因突变特点。方法收集该地区2017年1—12月出生的新生儿干血片,采用荧光分析法进行G6PD酶活性筛查,对初筛阳性的干血片样本采用多色探针荧光PCR熔解曲线法(MMCA)进行基因突变分析。结果共收集14 130例新生儿干血片,G6PD酶活性筛查共筛出1 059例阳性,初筛阳性率为7.49%,其中男性682例,女性377例,男性新生儿G6PD初筛阳性率9.13%,女性5.66%,男女初筛阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。黎族新生儿初筛阳性率8.33%,汉族6.25%,不同民族比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。通过MMCA法对1 059例初筛阳性干血片进行基因检测分析,共检出864例样本发生突变,突变率81.59%;男性突变率86.07%,女性73.47%,男女间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);黎族突变率83.26%,汉族77.71%,突变率差异有统计学意义(P=0.033)。本次共检出11种G6PD基因单一突变型(c.1376 G>T、c.1388 G>A、c.95 A>G、c.871 G>A、c.519 C>T、c.1024 G>T、c.392G>T、c.1360C>T、c.517T>C、c.592C>T和c.86C>T)和5种复合突变型,其中c.1376 G>T复合c.871 G>A突变、c.1376 G>T复合c.517 T>C突变和c.392 G>T复合c.871G>A突变在海南省尚属首次报道。结论海南省黎族自治县地区是G6PD缺乏症高发区,黎族为高发人群,基因突变类型复杂多样,突变以c.1376G>T、c.1388G>A、c.95 A>G和c.871 G>A四种最为普遍。在G6PD缺乏症高发地区开展G6PD的活性筛查和基因检测,有利于G6PD缺乏症的确诊和防治,提高出生人口素质。     

海南文昌汉族人群中两种葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶基因突变的研究

目的:分析海南文昌人群中葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶基因1376G→T、95A→G突变。方法:应用硝基四氮唑蓝定量法进行G6PD缺乏症的筛查,用等位基因特异PCR检测1376G→T、95A→G突变。结果:在358位海南文昌汉族人中,发现G6PD缺乏症患者20例,其中9例患者有1376G→T突变,3例患者有95A→G突变。结论:1376G→T、95A→G突变是文昌人群中常见的突变。