动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后脑积水

脑积水是动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血 (ＳＡＨ)后的常见并发症之一 ,对病人的预后有直接的影响 ,本文报告 2 1例动脉瘤性ＳＡＨ后脑积水的治疗。临床资料和治疗方法　　 1.一般资料 :男 9例 ,女 12例 ,年龄 2 2～ 6 6岁 ,平均 4 7 5岁。颈内 后交通动脉瘤 10例 ,前交通动脉瘤 7例 ,大脑中动脉动脉瘤 2例 ,大脑后动脉动脉瘤 2例。ＳＡＨ次数 :1次 2例、 2次 15例、3次 3例、 4次 1例。动脉瘤大小 :0 6～ 1 0ｃｍ 10例、 1 1～ 1 5ｃｍ 7例、 1 6～ 2 5ｃｍ 4例。Ｈｕｎｔ Ｈｅｓｓ分级 :Ⅱ级 3例、Ⅲ级 4例、Ⅳ级 11例、Ⅴ级 3例。临床症状 :…     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血术后慢性脑积水形成原因分析

目的探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血术后产生慢性脑积水的原因,以提高患者术后身体恢复质量。方法选取我院2014-2015年收治的蛛网膜下腔出血40例患者为研究对象。按照Hunt-Hess进行分级,其中Ⅱ级6例,Ⅲ级16例,Ⅳ级15例,Ⅴ级3例。结果慢性脑积水30例患者中,Hunt-HessⅢ级13例,Ⅳ级14例,Ⅴ级3例均出现慢性脑积水症状。可见,较高的Hunt-Hess级别是产生慢性脑积水的高危因素。其中60岁以上患者均SAH术后产生慢性脑积水现象,并伴不同程度的高血压症状。结论产生慢性脑积水的高危因素主要集中于SAH发病后的Hunt-Hess级别、脑室积水、年龄较高或具有高血压史、出血次数1次等。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后慢性脑积水研究进展

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血是指颅内动脉瘤破裂导致血液进入蛛网膜下腔的一种急性脑血管疾病。慢性脑积水作为影响预后的严重并发症之一,是指起病14天后出现的交通性脑积水。虽然对其研究不断深入,但是发病机制仍不明确,可能与蛛网膜颗粒堵塞、蛛网膜下腔纤维化导致脑脊液循环吸收障碍有关。通过文献发现慢性脑积水发病率较高,且影响因素繁杂。动脉瘤手术方式包括开颅夹闭术和介入栓塞术,多数研究认为与慢性脑积水的发生无关。终板造瘘术是指在开颅夹闭过程中打开终板膜,使三脑室与基底池相通,其与慢性脑积水的关系尚不明确。脑脊液引流被许多研究证实有一定预防作用,也许可通过改进引流方式增加预防效果。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后慢性脑积水研究进展

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血是指颅内动脉瘤破裂导致血液进入蛛网膜下腔的一种急性脑血管疾病。慢性脑积水作为影响预后的严重并发症之一,是指起病14天后出现的交通性脑积水。虽然对其研究不断深入,但是发病机制仍不明确,可能与蛛网膜颗粒堵塞、蛛网膜下腔纤维化导致脑脊液循环吸收障碍有关。通过文献发现慢性脑积水发病率较高,且影响因素繁杂。动脉瘤手术方式包括开颅夹闭术和介入栓塞术,多数研究认为与慢性脑积水的发生无关。终板造瘘术是指在开颅夹闭过程中打开终板膜,使三脑室与基底池相通,其与慢性脑积水的关系尚不明确。脑脊液引流被许多研究证实有一定预防作用,也许可通过改进引流方式增加预防效果。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后的脑积水

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后的脑积水杨俊，苏亦兵，赵继宗我院从１９８２年至１９９２年，收治了因颅内动脉瘤破裂出血所致急性脑室扩张、脑积水病人２３例，约占同期颅内动脉瘤的０．４％，现报告如下。临床资料１．一般资料：男１２例，女１１例，年龄２４～６７岁，平均...     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后慢性脑积水的诊治

目的探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)后慢性脑积水的诊断与治疗方法。方法回顾性分析33例经手术治疗的aSAH后慢性脑积水患者的临床资料。结果治疗后随访6月～2年,按GOS评分,恢复良好27例,轻残3例,重残2例,死亡1例。结论慢性脑积水是aSAH后的常见并发症,脑室-腹腔分流术是aSAH后慢性脑积水的有效治疗方法。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血并发慢性脑积水的危险因素研究

目的 探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)并发慢性脑积水的危险因素。方法 选取2013年1月～2016年1月于本院接受治疗的210例aSAH患者,其中并发慢性脑积水者30例,设为观察组,其余180例未并发脑积水者设为对照组; 分析可能影响患者形成慢性脑积水的相关因素,并通过多因素回归分析确定危险因素。结果 2组性别、饮酒史、吸烟史、多发动脉瘤比较无显著差异(P>0.05); 观察组的年龄大于对照组,观察组有高血压病史者占76.7%,首诊CT显示脑室扩大者占43.3%,出血破入脑室者占66.7%,Hunt-Hess分级评分为(2.59±0.66)分,均高于对照组(P<0.05); 预后分级低于对照组(P<0.05),出血次数较对照组多(P<0.05); 多因素Logistic回归分析显示,aSAH并发慢性脑积水的危险因素有高龄、多次出血、高血压病史、出血破入脑室与发病后Hunt-Hess分级高。结论 aSAH出血并发慢性脑积水具有多项危险因素,临床上应注意高危患者的治疗与护理,改善其预后与生存质量。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血后慢性脑积水形成相关危险因素分析

目的探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(aSAH)后慢性脑积水形成的危险因素。方法回顾分析170例aSAH患者临床资料,应用出血后3周的CT评价aSAH后慢性脑积水;先将可能的危险因素与脑积水之间行显著性检验,再用多元回归加以明确,得到回归方程。结果 aSAH后慢性脑积水易患因素依次为入院时较高Hunt-Hess分级(P=0.006)、反复多次出血(P=0.007)、高龄(P=0.010)。结论 aSAH后慢性脑积水形成为多因素共同作用的结果。     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血致脑积水治疗体会

目的 探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血致脑积水的手术时机、方法和临床效果.方法 2008-06-2012-12我院收治动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者226例,其中25例并发脑积水,对其治疗方法、手术时机、临床效果进行回顾分析.结果 25例中急性脑积水9例,采用侧脑室额角穿刺外引流;16例行脑室腹腔分流手术,均恢复良好;22例脑室系统基本恢复正常;3例脑室系统较前缩小,但无临床症状;无感染病例.结论 动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血并发脑积水,要针对不同情况给予不同的手术方法才能取得较好的临床效果.     

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血并发脑积水临床分析

脑积水是动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血( subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)后的常见并发症之一,早期诊断、早期治疗是提高该病治愈率和降低并发症及死亡率的关键.2006年6月至2011年4月我们对32例动脉瘤性SAH后脑积水患者采用外科治疗,取得了良好疗效.     

Predisposing Factors Related to Shunt-Dependent Chronic Hydrocephalus after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Objective

Hydrocephalus is a common sequelae of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and patients who develop hydrocephalus after SAH typically have a worse prognosis than those who do not. This study was designed to identify factors predictive of shunt-dependent chronic hydrocephalus among patients with aneurysmal SAH, and patients who require permanent cerebrospinal fluid diversion.

Methods

Seven-hundred-and-thirty-four patients with aneurysmal SAH who were treated surgically between 1990 and 2006 were retrospectively studied. Three stages of hydrocephalus have been categorized in this paper, i.e., acute (0-3 days after SAH), subacute (4-13 days after SAH), chronic (≥14 days after SAH). Criteria indicating the occurrence of hydrocephalus were the presence of significantly enlarged temporal horns or ratio of frontal horn to maximal biparietal diameter more than 30% in computerized tomography.

Results

Overall, 66 of the 734 patients (8.9%) underwent shunting procedures for the treatment of chronic hydrocephalus. Statistically significant associations among the following factors and shunt-dependent chronic hydrocephalus were observed. (1) Increased age (p < 0.05), (2) poor Hunt and Hess grade at admission (p < 0.05), (3) intraventricular hemorrhage (p < 0.05), (4) Fisher grade III, IV at admission (p < 0.05), (5) radiological hydrocephalus at admission (p < 0.05), and (6) post surgery meningitis (p < 0.05) did affect development of chronic hydrocephalus. However the presence of intracerebral hemorrhage, multiple aneurysms, vasospasm, and gender did not influence on the development of shunt-dependent chronic hydrocephalus. In addition, the location of the ruptured aneurysms in posterior cerebral circulation did not correlate with the development of shunt-dependent chronic hydrocephalus.

Conclusion

Hydrocephalus after aneurysmal SAH seems to have a multifactorial etiology. Understanding predisposing factors related to the shunt-dependent chronic hydrocephalus may help to guide neurosurgeons for better treatment outcomes.     

动脉瘤性SAH迟发性脑血管痉挛的多元因素分析

目的 探讨动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）继发脑血管痉挛的相关因素。方法 回顾性分析本院收治的54例动脉瘤性SAH病人的临床资料，判定脑血管痉挛程度，统计分析其相关因素。结果Fisher分级Ⅲ-Ⅳ级患者脑血管痉挛发生率（7014％，19／27）明显高于Fisher分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级者（4414％，12／27）（P〈0．01）；Hunt—Hess分级Ⅲ-Ⅴ级患者脑血管痉挛发生率（75．0％，21／28）明显高于Hunt—Hess分级Ⅰ-Ⅱ级者（38．5％，10／26）（P〈0．05）；3d后手术患者的脑血管痉挛发生率（70．0％，21／30）明显高于3d内手术患者（41．7％，10／24）（P〈0．05）。结论SAH的Fisher分级〉Ⅱ级和Hunt—Hess分级〉Ⅱ级是颅内动脉瘤继发脑血管痉挛的危险因素。早期手术能降低脑血管痉挛的发生率。     

Fluid Balance and Blood Volume Measurement after Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background  Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are at risk for circulatory volume depletion, which is a risk factor for delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI). In a prospective observational study we assessed the effectiveness of fluid administration based on regular evaluation of the fluid balance in maintaining normovolemia. Methods  A total of 50 patients with aneurysmal SAH were included and were treated according to a standard protocol aimed at maintaining normovolemia. Fluid intake was adjusted on the basis of the fluid balance, which was calculated at 6-h intervals. Circulating blood volume (CBV) was measured by means of pulse dye densitometry (PDD) on alternating days during the first 2 weeks after SAH. Results  Of the 265 CBV measurements, 138 (52%) were in the normovolemic range of 60–80 ml/kg; 76 (29%) indicated hypovolemia with CBV < 60 ml/kg; and 51 (19%) indicated hypervolemia with CBV > 80 ml/kg. There was no association between CBV and daily fluid balance (regression coefficient β = −0.32; 95% CI: −1.81 to 1.17) or between CBV and a cumulative fluid balance, adjusted for insensible loss through perspiration and respiration (β = 0.20; 95% CI: −0.31 to 0.72). Conclusion  Calculations of fluid balance do not provide adequate information on actual CBV after SAH, as measured by PDD. This raises doubt whether fluid management guided by fluid balances is effective in maintaining normovolemia.     

Recurrent Subarachnoid Hemorrhage after Complete Obliteration of Intracranial Aneurysm

The authors report a case of recurrent subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) after complete occlusion of an intracranial aneurysm. It is known that regrowth of an aneurysm after the complete clipping is a rare event. For detection of recurrence, however, it may be necessary to follow up with the patient regularly after the initial operation for intracranial aneurysms, because re-rupture of an aneurysm can cause a fatal result, and the cumulative risk of a recurrent SAH is thought to be not low over time.     

The Value of Computed Tomography Angiography in Determining Treatment Allocation for Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Background and Purpose  Computed tomography (CT) and CT angiography (CTA) are frequently the initial imaging modalities used in the evaluation of patients with suspected aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). It remains unclear whether CTA can provide adequate information to determine best treatment modality (endovascular versus surgical) for ruptured intracranial aneurysms. Methods  Pertinent clinical and radiological information of consecutive patients with aneurysmal SAH who underwent CTA on a 64-slice multidetector CT (MDCT) scanner were independently reviewed by five endovascular specialists. Subsequently, the interobserver reliability was calculated. Results  A total of 21 consecutive patients with aneurysmal SAH detected on CTA were reviewed. Of the total of 105 reviews, in 65% a treatment allocation decision was made. Responses were, 26% either treatment; 18% endovascular only; 18% surgical only; and 3% neither treatment. In the remaining 35% it was considered that CTA images were inadequate to make a decision for treatment allocation and more information was requested. Interobserver reliability was poor between endovascular specialists (k = 0.2). The reliability was higher among endovascular/vascular neurosurgeons (k = 0.34) and physicians with >5 years of faculty experience (k = 0.55). Conclusion  When 64-slice MDCT angiography is used in the evaluation of aneurysmal SAH, the information obtained is adequate to determine treatment modality allocation in two-thirds of the cases. The agreement on best treatment modality varied across primary specialty, practice experience, and site of fellowship completion.     

远隔缺血适应干预对动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者凝血功能的影响

目的 探讨远隔缺血适应（remote ischemic conditioning,RIC）对动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者凝血功能的影响。      

颅内动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者预后的多因素分析

目的探讨影响颅内动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者预后的相关因素。方法回顾性分析本院2007年1月至12月收治的119例动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的临床资料,井进行Logistic多元回归分析。结果动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的年龄、Fisher分级和Hunt—Hess分级与预后具有显著相关性（P〈0．01）,其OR值分别是0．921、0．153和0．228,其95％可信区间分别是（0．864-0．981）、（0．063-0．374）和（0．116-0．449）。结论动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血患者的年龄、Fisher分级和Hunt—Hess分级是影响患者预后的危险因素,且随着年龄的增长,Fisher分级和Hunt—Hess分级的增加,患者的预后明显愈差。