胃黏膜病变中突变型p53、Mdm2和PCNA蛋白表达及与幽门螺杆菌感染的关系

目的探讨胃黏膜病变中突变型p53、Mdm2、增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）蛋白的表达及其与幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染的关系。方法应用免疫组化PV-9000法染色及Giemsa染色检测胃黏膜病变中突变型p53、Mdm2、PC-NA蛋白的表达和Hp感染情况。结果在慢性浅表性胃炎（csG）、慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠上皮化生（CAG伴IM）、不典型增生（Bys）及胃癌（GC）中,突变型p53、Mdm2、PCNA阳性表达随病变发展而逐渐升高,突变型p53在CSG组高于GC组,GC组高于CAG伴IM组（P均〈0．05）。不同胃黏膜病变之间Mdm2比较均有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。在同一病变中Hp阳性者突变型p53、Mdm2、PCNA阳性表达一般高于Hp阴性者,突变型p53在CAG伴IM组Hp阳性与阴性者间有统计学差异（P〈0．05）,PCNA和Mdm2在Dys组Hp阳性与阴性者有统计学差异（P〈0．05）。GC组中突变型p53、Mdm2、PCNA蛋白表达无相关关系。结论突变型p53、Mdm2和PCNA蛋白的表达及Hp感染共同参与胃黏膜病变的发生、发展。     

胃癌变过程中Bcl-2 mRNA与幽门螺杆菌感染及细胞凋亡的关系

目的探讨胃癌变过程中Bcl-2 mRNA的表达与幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的相关性及其与细胞凋亡的关系。方法采用实时荧光定量逆转录—聚合酶链反应(Real-time PCR)检测62例慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)、55例慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)、52例肠化生(IM)、46例不典型增生(AH)、65例胃癌(GC)组织(分别为CSG组、CAG组、IM组、AH组、GC组)中Bcl-2 mRNA的表达;快速尿素酶法、Warthin-Starry银染法和甲苯胺蓝染色联合检测胃黏膜Hp感染;原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测胃黏膜细胞凋亡指数(AI)。结果 CSG组、CAG组、IM组、AH组、GC组胃黏膜组织中Bcl-2 mRNA阳性表达率分别为22.6%(14/62)、30.9%(17/55)、40.4%(21/52)、58.7%(27/46)、69.2%(45/65),Bcl-2 mRNA相对表达水平分别为0.095±0.015、0.115±0.012、0.173±0.027、0.224±0.042、0.368±0.036,IM组、AH组、GC组Bcl-2 mRNA表达均高于CSG、CAG组(P均<0.01),AH组高于IM组(P<0.01),GC组高于IM、AH组(P均<0.01)。Bcl-2 mRNA的表达量与胃黏膜细胞AI呈负相关(rs=-0.700,P<0.05);IM组、AH组、GC组Hp阳性患者胃黏膜细胞中Bcl-2 mRNA的表达均高于Hp阴性患者(P<0.05或0.01)。结论在胃黏膜癌变过程中,Hp感染能上调胃黏膜细胞中Bcl-2 mRNA表达,从而抑制异形细胞凋亡而发挥致癌作用。     

Hp感染与胃癌和癌前病变中p53、ras、c-myc基因表达的关系

目的研究幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染与胃癌（GC）和癌前病变中p53、ras、c-myc基因表达的关系,以探讨其致病机制。方法用美兰和W-S特殊染色方法确定Hp感染,免疫组化SP法检测p53、ras、c-myc基因的表达。结果慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）、肠化生（IM）、异型增生（DYS）、GC的Hp感染率均高于慢性浅表性胃炎（CSG）（P均〈0.05）;p53、ras、c-myc基因在GC、DYS中的表达均高于CAG（P均〈0.05）,p53、ras基因在IM中的表达均高于CAG（P〈0.05）;IM中Hp阳性者的p53阳性表达率高于Hp阴性者（P〈0.05）,DYS、GC中Hp阳性者p53、ras、c-myc的表达率高于Hp阴性者（P均〈0.05）。结论Hp感染可能通过调节p53、ras、c-myc基因的表达而促进GC的发生。     

Cx32、Cx43在慢性浅表性胃炎、癌前病变及胃癌中的表达变化

目的观察Cx32、Cx43在慢性浅表性胃炎（CSG）和癌前病变（PL）和胃癌（GC）中的表达情况。方法采用免疫组织化学SABC法检测Cx32、Cx43在33例慢性浅表性胃炎、88例癌前病变及70例胃癌患者胃黏膜中表达规律。结果Cx32、Cx43阳性表达率在PL组及胃癌组均低于CSG组（P〈0、05）；肠上皮化生伴不典型增生组及不典型增生组阳性表达率均低于肠上皮化生组（P〈0．05）；低分化胃癌组阳性表达率低于中高分化胃癌组（P〈0．01）。讨论Cx32、Cx43阳性表达率从CSG、PL到GC逐渐下降，并与癌前病变类型及胃癌分化程度相关。     

幽门螺杆菌感染与环氧化酶-2诱导型一氧化氮合酶表达关系的研究

目的研究幽门螺杆菌（H、pylori，Hp）感染与环氧化酶-2（COX-2）、诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）表达之间的关系，以探讨Hp的致病及可能致癌机制。方法2005年6月至2006年5月，南昌大学第一附属医院消化内科采用免疫组化法检测294例胃黏膜标本中COX-2、iNOS的表达。结果（1）各研究组和对照组间炎症细胞和腺细胞中COX-2阳性积分差异均有显著性（P〈0.01），其中以肠上皮化生与异性增生（IM＋DYS）组最高；且浅表性胃炎（CSG）和IM＋DYS组Hp阳性者炎症细胞中COX-2表达明显高于Hp阴性（P〈0．05）。（2）各研究组和对照组间炎症细胞中iNOS的阳性积分差异有显著性（P〈0．05），其中以CSG组最高，IM＋DYS组次之；在CSG和IM＋DYS组Hp阳性者炎症细胞中iNOS表达明显高于Hp阴性（P〈0．05）。（3）中重度CSG炎症细胞中iNOS表达高于轻度CSG（P〈0．05）。（4）各研究组胃黏膜中COX-2和iNOS的表达呈显著正相关（P〈0．01）。结论（1）Hp感染可能通过诱导COX-2、iNOS的过度表达参与Hp的致病过程，并且Hp可能通过上调COX-2的过度表达参与胃癌发生的早期进程。（2）COX-2、iNOS的表达在Hp的致病过程中相互作用，相互影响。     

胃癌中幽门螺杆菌感染与原癌基因c—met表达及预后研究

目的　研究幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的胃癌(GC)组织中c-met表达及(Hp)感染对胃癌预后的影响。方法　经病理证实,不同病变胃粘膜145例以免疫组化检测c-met基因表达,以W-S法及快速尿素酶试验检测(Hp)感染。结果　在浅表性胃炎(CSG)、萎缩肠化生胃炎(CAG+IM)、异型增生(DYS)、早期GC和进展期GC中,c-met基因表达率分别为25.53%,51.28%,61.54%,66.67%和68.42%,CAG+IM、DYS、GC均显著高于CSG(P＜0.05)。肠型胃癌c-met阳性表达与(Hp)感染密切相关。CAG+IM,DYS和GC组c-met阳性表达(Hp)感染者明显高于阴性组。(Hp)阳性者5年生存期显著短于(Hp)阴性者。结论　(Hp)感染和c-met表达与胃粘膜增殖和恶化有关,前者也与胃癌预后有关。     

幽门螺杆菌对GC及癌前病变抑癌基因和抑制细胞凋亡基因的影响

目的 探讨幽门螺杆菌(Hp)在胃癌(GC)和癌前病变中的作用及其与抑癌基因p53、抑制细胞凋亡基因Bcl-2表达的关系.方法 选取胃镜活检标本107例,其中GC28例,异型增生(DYS)14例,肠上皮化生(IM)16例,慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)34例,慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)15例.尿素酶试验和Warthin-Starry银染色检测Hp,免疫组化SP法检测p53、Bcl-2基因蛋白的表达.结果 Hp感染阳性组中GC和癌前病变的发生率高于Hp感染阴性组(P<0.05),p53、Bcl-2的阳性表达率在GC、DYS和IM中明显高于CSG(P均<0.05).结论 Hp与GC发生关系密切,持续Hp感染所致的慢性炎症可引起胃黏膜损伤,促进了p53基因的突变和Bcl-2基因的表达.     

胃癌中幽门螺杆菌感染与胃粘膜增殖及凋亡研究

目的研究幽门螺杆菌(Hp)感染的胃癌(GC)发展中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)表达及细胞凋亡的关系和对胃癌预后意义。方法145例经病理证实,不同胃黏膜病变采用免疫组化检测PCNA基因表达及Warthinstarry法检测Hp感染。采用原位末端标记法(TUNEL)检测细胞凋亡。结果在浅表性胃炎(CSG)、萎缩肠化生胃炎(CAG+IM)、异型增生(DYS)、早期GC和进展期GC中,PCNA基因表达率分别为24.53%,46.28%,60.54%,57.67%和71.42%,CAG+IM、DYS、GC均显著高于CSG(P<0.05)。凋亡指数(AI)分别为(4.55±2.33)%、(6.43±5.60)%、(6.45±5.12)%、(6.55±4.80)%、(8.84±5.63)%,进展期GC显著高于CSG(P<0.05)。胃黏膜凋亡指数与PCNA表达强度有密切相关(P<0.05)。PCNA阳性表达与胃癌组织类型、浆膜浸润和淋巴结转移密切相关,而且BorrmannIV明显高于早期胃癌和BorrmannI,II(P<0.05)。PCNA阳性表达与肠型胃癌Hp感染有关。CAG+IM,DYS和GC组PCNA阳性表达中Hp感染者明显高于阴性者。Hp阳性者5年生存期显著短于Hp阴性者。结论Hp感染和PCNA表达与胃黏膜增殖和恶化有关,且与凋亡有相关性。Hp感染与胃癌预后有关。     

胃癌及癌前病变中P57~(KIP2)和PCNA的表达

探讨P57KIP2和PCNA在胃癌及癌前病变中的表达及意义。方法采用免疫组织化学技术SP法,检测P57KIP2和PCNA在57例胃癌(GC)、7例不典型性增生(Dys)、16例肠上皮化生(IM)、15例慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)及10例慢性浅表性胃炎(CSG)中的表达情况,并分析与胃癌临床病理之间的关系。结果P57KIP2在GC、Dys、IM、CAG、CSG中阳性表达率分别为43.9%、57.1%、81.3%、80.0%、80.0%,GC和Dys组的P57KIP2阳性表达率明显低于IM、CAG、CSG组(P均0.05);PCNA在GC、Dys、IM、CAG、CSG组阳性表达率分别为80.7%、85.7%、75.0%、46.7%、30.0%,GC、Dys、IM组PCNA表达率明显高于CAG、CSG组(P0.05);P57KIP2和PCNA均与胃癌组织分化程度相关(P0.05),而与淋巴结转移、浸润、临床分期无显著相关性(P0.05)。结论在胃黏膜癌变过程中,P57KIP2蛋白的失活不是一个早期基因事件,随着病变进展PCNA表达逐渐增加,P57KIP2蛋白表达下降和PCNA的表达增高可能在胃癌的发生发展中起重要作用,两者共同检测有助于胃癌恶性程度的判定。     

胃癌中幽门螺杆菌感染与癌基因蛋白表达及细胞凋亡研究

目的　研究幽门螺杆菌 (Hp )感染的胃癌 (GC)发展中c -met蛋白表达及细胞凋亡的关系和对胃癌预后意义。方法　 14 5例经病理证实 ,不同胃黏膜病变采用免疫组化检测c -met基因表达及Warthin -starry法检测Hp感染。采用原位末端标记法 (TUNEL)检测细胞凋亡。结果　在浅表性胃炎 (CSG)、萎缩肠化生胃炎 (CAG +IM)、异型增生 (DYS)、早期GC和进展期GC中 ,c-met基因表达率分别为 2 5 5 3% ,5 1 2 8% ,6 1 5 4 % ,6 6 6 7%和 6 8 4 2 % ,CAG +IM、DYS、GC均显著高于CSG(P <0 0 5 )。凋亡指数 (AI)分别为 (4 5 5± 2 33) %、(6 4 3± 5 6 0 ) %、(6 4 5± 5 12 ) %、(6 5 5± 4 80 ) %、(8 84±5 6 3) % ,进展期GC显著高于CSG(P <0 0 5 )。胃黏膜凋亡指数与c -met表达强度有密切相关 (P <0 0 5 )。c -met阳性表达与胃癌组织类型、浆膜浸润和淋巴结转移密切相关 ,而且BorrmannIV明显高于早期胃癌和BorrmannⅠ ,Ⅱ (P <0 0 5 )。Hp阳性者 5年存期显著短于Hp阴性者。 结论　Hp感染和c-met表达与胃黏膜增殖和恶化有关 ,且与凋亡有相关性。Hp感染与胃癌预后有关。     

幽门螺杆菌相关胃疾病组织中P53、iNOS的表达

目的通过检测慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠上皮化生、不典型增生、胃癌组织幽门螺杆菌（Hp）和P53、一氧化氮合成酶（iNOS），探讨Hp感染与P53、iNOS表达的关系，以及Hp感染导致胃癌的可能分子机制。方法应用快速尿素酶试验和组织切片革兰氏染色和血清HpCagA抗体检测Hp，用免疫组化SP法检测上述组织的P53、iNOS。结果慢性浅表性胃炎、慢性萎缩性胃炎、肠上皮化生、不典型增生、胃癌组织中Hp检出率分别为45．9％、68．4％、71．4％、75．O％、54．8％，病变各组中P53和iNOS表达阳性率与浅表性胃炎组比较均有显著性差异。除浅表性胃炎组、萎缩性胃炎Hp阳性组的P53表达阳性率外，各病变Hp阳性组的P53和iNOS表达阳性率与各组的Hp感染阳性率呈正相关，各病变组中Hp（＋）组的P53和iNOS表达阳性率显著高于Hp（-）组，均有显著性差异。结论Hp与P53和iNOS阳性表达有一定的相关性。     

幽门螺杆菌感染对胃上皮细胞凋亡及调节基因表达的影响

目的 探讨幽门螺杆菌（Ｈｐ）感染对胃上皮细胞凋亡及调节蛋白表达的影响。方法 应用原位末端标记法及免疫组织化学技术对３７例ＨＰ阳性慢笥胃炎和３１例ＨＰ阴性慢性胃炎胃黏膜上皮细胞凋亡指数及Ｐ５３、ｂｃｌ－２、Ｂａｘ、Ｆａｓ蛋白表达进行观察和比较。结果 ＨＰ阳性慢性胃炎胃上皮细胞凋亡指数显著高于ＨＰ阴笥慢性胃炎（Ｐ〈０．０１）,ＨＰ阳性慢性胃上皮Ｐ５３表达显著高于ＨＰ阴性高于ＨＰ阴性慢性胃炎（Ｐ〈０．０     

幽门螺杆菌对胃上皮细胞株GES-1凋亡及XIAP表达的影响

目的观察幽门螺杆菌（Hp）慢性感染对胃上皮细胞凋亡及X凋亡抑制蛋白（XIAP）表达的影响。方法通过Hp SS1与人非肿瘤性胃上皮细胞株GES-1共培养,建立GES-1模型细胞,检测模型细胞凋亡率及胃上皮细胞XIAP mRNA的表达。结果Hp感染8周、12周、16周模型细胞凋亡率分别为64．55％、60．58％、45．52％,模型胃上皮细胞的XIAP mRNA实时定量PCR的CT值分别为0．901、0．842、0．796,明显低于对照组细胞凋亡率75．52％（P〈0．05）及XIAP mRNA的CT值1．030（P〈0．01）。结论Hp慢性感染能抑制胃上皮细胞凋亡,其机制可能与上调XIAP mRNA表达有关。     

抑制Survivin表达对胰腺癌细胞凋亡的影响

目的 探讨以Survivin为靶基因的胰腺癌基因治疗的可能性,为胰腺癌基因治疗提供依据.方法 采用化学合成的小十扰RNA(siRNA)和pGCSi载体中的小发夹RNA(shRNA)抑制胰腺癌细胞系PaTu8988的Sunrivin基因表达,通过观察胰腺癌细胞株Survivin基因表达的下调以及细胞形态、细胞凋亡、细胞活力、凋亡信号途径等的改变评价Survivin作为靶基因的治疗效果.结果 不同序列的siRNA和shRNA抑制胰腺癌细胞Survivin的表达后,Survivin mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显下降(P<0.05);碘化吡啶(PI)染色法观察发现RNA干扰(RNAi)后细胞出现核皱缩、细胞凋亡率>20%;流式细胞仪检测发现RNAi后在G0/G1期前出现了亚二倍体峰(P<0.05);Western blot法检测发现RNAi后Casptrqe-3被激活(P<0.05).结论 通过抑制胰腺癌细胞PaTu8988的Survivin表达可以诱导肿瘤细胞启动凋亡程序,加速肿瘤细胞凋亡,由此可望提高胰腺癌的治疗效果.     

Survivin expression, apoptosis and proliferation in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

We analyzed the expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis survivin by immunocytochemistry in bone marrow cells from patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) to evaluate possible abnormalities in comparison with other myelodysplastic (MDS) and myeloproliferative syndromes, and to investigate a possible correlation between survivin expression and altered apoptosis or proliferation, or relevant laboratory and clinical findings. Thirty-four patients with CMML [18 MDS-CMML and 16 myeloproliferative disorder (MPD)-CMML], 90 with MDS, 41 with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 19 with chronic MPD and 25 control subjects were studied. In normal samples survivin was never detectable. In CMML survivin levels higher than in MDS and AML (P < 0.0001), but similar to those found in MPD were observed. In CMML and MDS apoptosis was significantly higher compared to normal controls and all other subtypes of leukemias (P < 0.0001). Proliferation did not differ significantly in normal controls, MDS and CMML; the lowest levels were observed in AML and MPD (P < 0.0001). In CMML there was no correlation between survivin expression and blast cell percentage, apoptosis or proliferation, FAB or WHO subgroup. Proliferation was higher in MDS-CMML and tended to correlate with overall survival. CMML-2 cases with higher survivin expression showed higher evolution rate and shorter survival. In conclusion, CMML is characterized by high proliferation and apoptosis. Survivin overexpression, by disrupting the balance between cell proliferation/differentiation and apoptosis, may play an important role in its pathophysiology. The detection of survivin-deregulated expression may provide a useful tool for diagnosis, prognosis and a possible target for experimental treatments.     

The Mechanism Underlying Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Apoptosis Induced by Atorvastatin may be Mainly Associated with Down-regulation of Survivin Expression

Purpose Studies have shown that statins may induce vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) apoptosis. But its mechanisms are incompletely understood. In this study, we investigate the effects of atorvastatin and survivin antisense oligonucleotides (ASODN) on VSMCs apoptosis and the relation between survivin and VSMCs apoptosis. Materials and methods Cultured VSMCs were treated with atorvastatin and vascular endothelial grow factor (VEGF). Apoptosis of VSMCs at 6–72 h after treatment with atorvastatin was detected by means of Hoechst33258 staining. Survivin and Fas factors expression were detected by means of immunohistochemistry. Survivin and Fas mRNA expression were detected by means of RT-PCR. In order to determine the relations between survivin and VSMCs apoptosis, we also performed transfection of VSMCs with survivin ASODN using GenePORTER Transfection Reagent and studied the survivin protein expression by means of western blotting. Results VSMCs apoptosis after treatment with atorvastatin was increased in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of survivin and survivin mRNA in VSMCs was significantly down-regulated at 24 h and disappeared at 48–72 h after treatment with atorvastatin. Fas and Fas mRNA in VSMCs could only be detected at 72 h and not at 6–48 h after treatment with atorvastatin. We did not observe any effects of VEGF on VSMCs apoptosis, on survivin and survivin mRNA expression, and on Fas and Fas mRNA expression in VSMCs after treatment with atorvastatin. At 48 hours after the start of transfection, survivin protein expression was significantly reduced after transfection with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 μg/ml of survivin ASODN and there was no survivin protein expression after transfection with 3.0 and 4.0 μg/ml of survivin ASODN. In contrast, in the GenePORTER only and SODN studies, survivin protein expression was observed with western blotting. Hoechst33258 staining showed that treatment of VSMCs with survivin ASODN resulted in VSMCs apoptosis. Conclusions Atorvastatin induces VSMCs apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Transfection of survivin ASODN can directly induce VSMCs apoptosis. The mechanisms of VSMCs apoptosis induced by atorvastatin may be mainly associated with down-regulation of survivin expression in VSMCs. Up-regulation of Fas in VSMCs may play a role in later stages following atorvastatin treatment.     

Knockdown of survivin gene expression by RNAi induces apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721

AIM: To investigate the survivin gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 and the effects of survivin gene RNA interference (RNAi) on cell apoptosis and biological behaviors of SMMC-7721 cells. METHODS: Eukaryotic expression vector of survivin gene RNAi and recombinant plasmid pSuppressorNeo-survivin (pSuNeo-SW), were constructed by ligating into the vector, pSupperssorNeo (pSuNeo) digested with restriction enzymes Xba I and Sail and the designed double-chain RNAi primers. A cell model of SMMC-7721 after treatment with RNAi was prepared by transfecting SMMC-7721 cells with the lipofectin transfection method. Strept-avidin-biotin-complex (SABC) immunohistochemical staining and RT-PCR were used to detect survivin gene expressions in SMMC-7721 cells. Flow cytometry was used for the cell cycle analysis. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to determine whether RNAi induced cell apoptosis, and the method of measuring the cell growth curve was utilized to study the growth of SMMC-7721 cells before and after treatment with RNAi. RESULTS: The eukaryotic expression vector of survivin gene RNAi and pSuNeo-SW, were constructed successfully. The expression level of survivin gene in SMMC-7721 cells was observed. After the treatment of RNAi, the expression of survivin gene in SMMC-7721 cells was almost absent, apoptosis index was increased by 15.6%, and the number of cells was decreased in G2/M phase and the cell growth was inhibited. CONCLUSION: RNAi can exert a knockdown of survivin gene expression in SMMC-7721 cells, and induce apoptosis and inhibit the growth of carcinoma cells.