四逆汤对脓毒性休克患者液体管理的临床疗效观察

目的 观察中药四逆汤对脓毒性休克患者液体管理的临床疗效。方法 将45例脓毒性休克患者随机分为中药组与对照组。监测两组患者在治疗后第0、2、4、6、12、24h的容量状态及容量反应性,包括血乳酸浓度、乳酸清除率、床旁超声监测下腔静脉变异度(ΔIVC)、肺部B线;两组患者待早期复苏达标后,监测达标时间、补液量、液体净平衡量。结果 中药组早期复苏达标时间更短,补液量更少,液体净平衡量更低,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 四逆汤能够缩短脓毒性休克患者早期复苏达标时间,降低补液量,从而可能改善患者预后。     

肾源性脓毒性休克合并严重肺毛细血管渗漏的液体复苏策略

目的 分析肾源性脓毒性休克合并严重肺毛细血管渗漏的疾病特点,探讨液体复苏对休克治疗的影响以及脉搏指示连续心排血量(PiCCO)监测的意义.方法 采用回顾性分析方法,选择8例在重症监护病房(ICU)进行PiCCO监测并成功复苏的肾、输尿管碎石手术后并发肾源性脓毒性休克伴严重肺毛细血管渗漏患者,均以入院为起点,休克纠正或转出为终点,记录全心舒张期末容积指数(GEDVI)、血管外肺水指数(EVLWI)、液体出入量、液体净平衡、氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)、动脉血乳酸水平和X线胸片等指标,分析其内在联系,探讨肾源性脓毒性休克疾病的特点和PiCCO监测在休克液体复苏治疗中的意义.结果 8例患者手术后4.5 d(中位数)出现脓毒性休克,均伴有不同程度的肺毛细血管渗漏和低氧血症.入ICU时EVLWI均值为(22±7)ml/kg,PaO2/FiO2为(164±82) mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa);液体复苏均采用保守性策略,平均液体入量为(2412±1121) ml/d,液体净平衡-553 ml/d;中心静脉压(CVP)和GEDVI分别维持在(9±3)mm Hg和(749±236) ml/m2.其中6例使用呋塞米利尿,平均剂量(264± 133) mg;7例需要血管活性药物维持血压,去甲肾上腺素/多巴胺平均使用天数为(4±1)d;7例需要机械通气,通气时间(8±6)d.8例患者治疗后脓毒性休克均纠正,EVLWI下降至(11±3) ml/kg,肺部渗出吸收好转,平均住ICU天数(17±11)d.相关分析显示:EVLWI与PaO2/FiO2和动脉血乳酸水平显著相关,相关系数(r)值分别为-0.91和0.70(均P＜0.05).结论 准确评估血容量状态尤其是血管外肺水程度,参照血流动力学指标采取保守性液体复苏策略以及强调控制血管外肺水是成功救治肾源性脓毒性休克的关键,PiCCO是判断患者容量状态、指导液体复苏和评价治疗效果的有用工具.     

脓毒性休克早期液体复苏的临床研究

目的:探讨早期液体复苏容量对脓毒性休克的治疗意义。方法:定义正平衡即液体入量大于液体出量,负平衡即液体入量小于液体出量。回顾性分析80例脓毒性休克患者入院后24h和入院后72h液体复苏正平衡组及负平衡组的资料,分析两组间患者的预后。结果:入院后24h内负平衡组,负平衡液体量-218±21.4ml,死亡率显著低于正平衡组,正平衡液体量3206±57.9ml(P<0.01)。入院后72h内负平衡组,负平衡液体量-278±25.9ml,死亡率显著低于正平衡组,正平衡液体量5265±98.7ml(P<0.01)。结论:脓毒性休克患者早期液体复苏容量负平衡可以降低病死率。     

血清降钙素原与B型尿钠肽在感染性休克患者体液复苏治疗前后的检测意义

目的探索监测感染性休克患者体液复苏治疗前后血清降钙素原(PCT)与B型尿钠肽(BNP)的临床意义。方法选取2015年1-12月该院急诊科收治的62例感染性休克患者作为研究对象,监测并记录患者的动脉血气、24h累计复苏液体总量及复苏达标时间,检测患者的血清PCT和BNP水平。结果 62例患者的体液复苏治疗过程,患者的24h内复苏液体量为(7 899.31±1 337.64)mL,复苏达标时间为(19.07±5.64)h。治疗前后pH、Na~+及Cl~-、PCT及BNP值有明显差别,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。复苏24h血清PCT水平与累计复苏液体总量之间呈负相关(r=-0.956,P0.05)。结论感染性休克患者血清BNP与PCT的改变水平与病情密切相关,感染性休克患者的血清PCT及BNP指标可以作为休克治疗的效果进行监测。     

脉搏指数持续心输出量监测在感染性休克患者液体复苏中的应用

目的探讨使用脉搏指数连续心输出量监测(PiCCO)中的容量指标指导液体复苏方案在感染性休克患者早期液体复苏中的应用价值。方法选取明确诊断的感染性休克患者36例,PiCCO组根据监测的胸腔内血容积指数(ITBVI)和血管外肺水指数(EVLW)指导液体复苏,对照组以传统的中心静脉压(CVP)为指导的液体复苏目标。比较两组患者液体复苏治疗效果及预后的差异。结果 PiCCO组患者液体复苏治疗72 h后APACHEⅡ评分、血管活性药物评分和乳酸清除率均较对照组明显改善(P<0.05);PiCCO组与对照组相比28天病死率、住院病死率、住ICU天数、机械通气治疗时间无明显差异(P>0.05);PiCCO组的第一次液体复苏成功率较对照组明显提高(P<0.05),血管活性药物使用时间也较短(P<0.05)。结论 PiCCO中的容量指标指导下的早期液体复苏治疗,可以提高液体复苏的成功率;EVLW指导液体复苏治疗,并不能改善患者的预后。     

创伤性失血性休克液体复苏患者床旁超声下腔静脉直径与中心静脉压的相关性分析

目的探讨创伤性失血性休克(HTS)液体复苏患者床旁超声下腔静脉直径(IVDC)与中心静脉压(CVP)的相关性。方法选取2019年1月至2022年10月本院收治的82例HTS液体复苏患者,于液体复苏前后通过床旁超声测量肝后下腔静脉最大径和最小径(IVCmax、IVCmin),计算下腔静脉直径变异率(v-IVC),同时Seldinger法测量CVP水平,通过Pearson相关性分析IVDC、CVP水平的关系,并通过受试者工作曲线(ROC)分析液体复苏前IVC、CVP水平对容量反应性的预测价值。结果HTS患者液体复苏后IVCmax、IVCmin、CVP水平均较液体复苏前升高,v-IVC水平均较液体复苏前降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HTS患者液体复苏前、液体复苏后IVCmax、IVCmin与CVP水平呈现正相关(P<0.05),与v-IVC水平呈现负相关(P<0.05);容量反应阳性组液体复苏前IVCmax、IVCmin、CVP水平低于容量反应阴性组,v-IVC水平高于容量反应阴性组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);液体复苏前v-IVC水平预测HTS患者容量反应性ROC曲线下面积为0.888,高于IVCmax、IVCmin、CVP预测评估曲线下面积0.696、0.773、0.653,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论液体复苏可明显改善HTS患者容量负荷,床旁超声检测IVCmax、IVCmin水平与CVP呈现正相关,v-IVC水平与CVP呈现负相关。     

限制性液体复苏在创伤失血性休克中的临床应用

目的 观察创伤失血性休克早期限制性液体复苏的效果.方法 将58例创伤失血性休克患者按随机原则分为限制性液体复苏组[30例,快速输入2∶1的平衡液和贺斯进行液体复苏,使平均动脉压(MAP)维持在50～70 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)]和常规正压液体复苏组(28例,维持MAP在70～90 mm Hg).比较两组患者的输液量、凝血酶原时间(PT)及治愈率.结果 与常规正压液体复苏组比较,限制性液体复苏组输液量明显减少[(1 250±310) ml比(2 950±550) ml],PT明显缩短[(11.3±1.7) s比(16.1±1.3) s],治愈率明显升高(86.7%比64.3%),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05).结论 限制性液体复苏能调动机体凝血机制及其他代偿机制,保证生命器官的血流灌注,提高创伤失血性休克患者的治愈率,改善预后.     

液体复苏对创伤致严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者心肌损伤的影响

目的 观察液体复苏对创伤致严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者心肌损伤的影响,以及心肌损伤标志物对液体复苏的指导作用.方法 78例复合伤致严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者,急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分18 ～ 35分;记录治疗前及治疗3d、5d血清心肌肌钙蛋白Ⅰ(cTnI)、N末端-心室利钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)及血流动力学参数,并进行相关性分析.结果 62.8％(49/78)的严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者出现血清cTnI升高,73.5％(36/49)升高值大于界限值的2倍以上,30.6％( 15/49)超过界限值的4倍以上.入院时血清NT-proBNP升高者占46.2％(36/78),经液体复苏后继续升高者达74.4％(58/78).存活组(55例)治疗后血清cTnI、NT-proBNP、肺动脉楔压(PAWP)及心排血指数(CI)均明显改善;死亡组(23例)各指标无明显变化,且死亡组血清cTnI(μg/L)和NT-proBNP(ng/L)水平显著高于存活组(cTnI 3 d:2.09±1.00比1.57±0.93,5 d:1.78±0.67比0.72±0.51;NT-proBNP 3 d:3.52±0.73比3.16±0.65,5 d:3.21±0.66比2.66±0.58),CI( ml· s-1· m-2)明显低于存活组(3 d:57.6±6.2比68.3±5.6,5 d:40.5±4.7比80.7±6.8,均P＜0.05).46例液体复苏达目标值的患者cTnI水平(μg/L)低于32例未达标者(1.16±0.62比1.97±0.76,P＜0.05),且CI(ml ·s-1 ·m-2)明显增加(61.2±6.4比49.3±6.1,P＜0.05),液体复苏是否达到目标值与血清NT-proBNP、PAWP无关.血清cTnI与NT-proBNP呈正相关(r=0.865,Y=2.069+ 0.695X,P＜0.01),NT-proBNP与PAWP呈正相关(r=0.762,Y=1.125+ 4.929X,P＜0.01),cTnI与CI呈负相关(r=-0.891,Y=50.623 -6.114X,P＜0.01).结论 创伤致严重脓毒症和脓毒性休克患者有明显的心肌损伤,液体复苏可改善心肌损伤;血清cTnI和NT-proBNP与患者预后有关,NT-proBNP用于指导液体复苏的意义尚不能确定.     

肺部超声在危重患者监测血管外肺水的初步研究

目的探讨简化肺超声作为评估进入多价重症监护病房(ICU)的危重患者血管外肺水(EVLW)的检测手段。方法选取2017年1-6月该院EICU收治的49例需要机械通气的危重患者。肺超声检查和热稀释法(PiCCO)系统由2名独立操作者进行。运用肺部超声记录B线数目,然后比较不同疾病之间的B线数目,以及B线阳性和PiCCO系统获得的参数进行比较,同时评估B线阳性象限与血管外肺水指数(EVLWI)的相关性。结果 49例患者完成肺部超声检查及PiCOO评估,平均年龄(65.9±5.3)岁,其中有16例B线数目始终小于10条,27例患者B线数目始终大于10条,14例(28.6%)动态观察B线数目有增减。急性心肌梗死患者的B线数目明显低于呼吸系统疾病(P0.001)。心力衰竭与慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)(P=0.496)、急性呼吸衰竭(P=0.710)之间的B线数目比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)的B线数目明显多于其他疾病(P0.001)。B线数目与EVLEI(实际体质量)呈正相关(r=0.928,P0.001),B线数目与PaO2/FiO2呈负相关(r=-0.876,P0.001)。采用实际体质量计算EVLWI,PiCOO监测EVLWI10mL/kg时,超过3个象限存在B线阳性的特异性(60%)和敏感性(100%)(曲线下面积:0.918;95%CI:0.846~0.991,P=0.037)。使用预测体质量计算时,超过4个象限存在B线阳性的特异性(100%)和敏感性(65%)(曲线下面积:0.862;95%CI:0.759~0.965,P=0.004 8)。结论简化的肺超声方法可作为可靠的非侵入性床边监测工具,用于预测紧急和重症患者的EVLW。     

限制性液体复苏治疗失血性休克的应用研究

目的探讨液体复苏对创伤失血性休克的救治效果。方法回顾性总结创伤失血性休克早期不同的液体复苏方法对救治效果和凝血功能的影响。结果在243例创伤失血性休克患者中,充分液体复苏组(127例)病死率37·80%(48例),限制液体复苏组(116例)病死率23·28%(27例),两组总病死率及1~2h病死率比较差异均具有统计学意义(P<0·05)。充分液体复苏组血浆凝血酶原时间(PT)长于和存活患者并发症的发生率高于限制性液体复苏组。结论限制性液体复苏能降低创伤失血性休克患者病死率,提高存活率,并降低存活患者并发症的发生率,改善预后。     

脉搏指示连续心排血量监测在脓毒性休克患者早期液体复苏及治疗中的应用

目的探讨脉搏指示连续心排血量监测(PiCCO)在脓毒性休克患者早期液体复苏及治疗中的临床应用价值。方法选取2013年7月至2015年5月本院收治的符合入选标准的50例脓毒性休克患者,按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各25例。研究组患者于PiCCO指导下进行液体复苏及治疗,对照组患者利用中心静脉压(CVP)指导液体复苏及治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后的急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ评分)、血乳酸清除率、复苏液体量、CVP、尿量、平均动脉压、呼吸机使用例数、肺水肿及心衰发生例数。结果经过液体复苏及治疗后两组患者的APACHEⅡ评分均逐步下降,72h时研究组明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);6、24h时研究组液体使用量明显多于对照组,而72h时液体总量明显少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗6、24h后研究组乳酸清除率、尿量、CVP、平均动脉压均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);72h时研究组发生心衰及肺水肿的例数明显少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。72h后两组患者使用呼吸机例数比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 PiCCO监测可较为准确地评估脓毒性休克患者的容量状态,精准地指导液体复苏及治疗,减少并发症,对脓毒性休克患者早期液体复苏及治疗具有较好的指导意义。     

The utility of point-of-care ultrasound in the assessment of volume status in acute and critically ill patients

BACKGROUND: Volume resuscitation has only been demonstrated to be effective in approximately fifty percent of patients. The remaining patients do not respond to volume resuscitation and may even develop adverse outcomes (such as acute pulmonary edema necessitating endotracheal intubation). We believe that point-of-care ultrasound is an excellent modality by which to adequately predict which patients may benefit from volume resuscitation.DATA RESOURCES: We performed a search using PubMed, Scopus, and MEDLINE. The following search terms were used: fluid responsiveness, ultrasound, non-invasive, hemodynamic, fluid challenge, and passive leg raise. Preference was given to clinical trials and review articles that were most relevant to the topic of assessing a patient’s cardiovascular ability to respond to intravenous fluid administration using ultrasound.RESULTS: Point-of-care ultrasound can be easily employed to measure the diameter and collapsibility of various large vessels including the inferior vena cava, common carotid artery, subclavian vein, internal jugular vein, and femoral vein. Such parameters are closely related to dynamic measures of fluid responsiveness and can be used by providers to help guide fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients.CONCLUSION: Ultrasound in combination with passive leg raise is a non-invasive, cost- and time-effective modality that can be employed to assess volume status and response to fluid resuscitation. Traditionally sonographic studies have focused on the evaluation of large veins such as the inferior vena cava, and internal jugular vein. A number of recently published studies also demonstrate the usefulness of evaluating large arteries to predict volume status.     

脉搏指数连续心排血量监测在脓毒性休克早期液体复苏中的应用

目的：评价脉搏指数连续心排血量监测（PICCO）在脓毒性休克早期液体复苏中的应用价值。方法将40例符合脓毒性休克入选标准的病例随机分为PICCO组和对照组,每组各20例,在抗感染等基本治疗基础上, PICCO组患者于PICCO监测容量指标指导下进行治疗,对照组患者参照中心静脉压指导进行常规治疗。通过对比分析两组患者复苏治疗6 h、24 h 后,血乳酸值＜2 mmoL/L 和中心静脉氧饱和度≥70％的病例数,以及24 h复苏液体量、去甲肾上腺素用量、肺水肿发生率、机械通气时间、入住ICU天数、28 d病死率等指标评价PICCO的应用价值。结果经过液体复苏6 h后,两组的血乳酸＜2 mmoL/L 和中心静脉氧饱和度≥70％的例数比较,差异均无统计学意义（χ2分别=0.11、0.11,P均＞0.05）,而经复苏24 h后两组的发生例数比较,差异均有统计学意义（χ2分别=2.75、2.98,P均＜0.05）。与对照组比较,PICCO组24 h复苏的液体量、去甲肾上腺素用量及肺水肿比率明显降低,差异均有统计学意义（t分别=-2.33、-2.27,χ2=5.16,P均＜0.05）,而两组的机械通气治疗时间、住ICU天数和28 d病死率比较,差异均无统计学意义（t分别=-1.97、-1.72,χ2=0.00,P均＞0.05）。结论 PICCO监测可以准确、可靠地评估患者容量状态,指导对脓毒性休克患者早期液体复苏治疗及血管活性药物应用,但不能明显改善脓毒性休克患者的机械通气时间、入住ICU天数、28 d病死率等方面指标。     

"扩容临界点"在脓毒性休克患者液体复苏中的指导意义——附一例报告

为探讨在缺乏有创性监测手段的情况下,通过记录、分析脓毒性休克患者各项基础生命体征数据的动态变化,是否可预判患者的"扩容临界点",指导临床液体复苏方案,笔者对临床上脓毒性休克患者的生命体征数据进行回顾性整理分析,结合血流动力学、组织氧合、脏器功能、影像学结果等指标来判断"扩容临界点"。结果显示脓毒性休克患者的容量状态与生命体征数据变化存在显著相关性,可以通过分析生命体征数据结合血流动力学、组织氧合指标来判断"扩容临界点"。可见"扩容临界点"在脓毒性休克患者液体复苏中具有一定指导意义,但也需要更多的证据来支持。     

The relationship between oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption during fluid resuscitation of burn-related shock

Although burn-related shock resuscitation based on invasive hemodynamic monitoring has been reported at an increased rate, little is known about appropriate hemodynamic end points. Shock resuscitation based on oxygen transport criteria has been widely used for patients with trauma and patients who undergo surgery, and supranormal values of oxygen delivery (DO2) have been reported in association with an improved survival rate. This improved survival rate has been attributed to a shifting of the critical threshold of DO2 to higher values in these patients. In patients with thermal injuries, the effects of the manipulation of hemodynamics to optimize oxygen transport have not been proven. It is still unclear whether these patients exhibit delivery-dependent oxygen consumption (VO2) during the shock phase. The goal of this study was to evaluate the existence of oxygen supply dependency and to determine critical levels of DO2 in patients with burns. In a prospective study that included 16 patients with serious thermal injuries, we studied the effects of volume loading on DO2 and VO2. A transpulmonary double dilution technique was used for hemodynamic monitoring, and resuscitation end points included a normalization of preload and cardiac output parameters within 24 hours of the thermal injury. Fluid loading with crystalloids and colloids, according to our resuscitation protocol, was used to augment cardiac output and DO2. Of the 16 patients with a mean of 46% total body surface area burned (range, 22%-80%), 8 patients survived and 8 patients died. With the use of progressive fluid loading, cardiac index was restored within 24 hours of admission in all of the patients. Successful resuscitation was associated with increased levels of DO2 and VO2 and with declining serum lactate levels. VO2 appeared to be dependent on DO2 during the resuscitation period (r = 0.596), and the correlation was significantly stronger in the patients who survived (r = 0.744) than in the patients who died (r = 0.368; P < .05). A critical threshold of oxygen supply could not be identified. We concluded that increasing DO2 by fluid resuscitation increases VO2 during hypovolemic shock after a severe burn injury.     

限制性液体复苏对非控制失血性休克大鼠脑功能的影响

[目的]探讨不同的复苏压力对非控制失血性休克大鼠脑功能的影响。[方法]采用修订的Capone等方法制备创伤非控制失血性休克模型。将60只SD（Sprague—Dawley）大鼠随机分为6组：NC组（正常对照组）、NF组（休克不复苏组）、限制性液体复苏组（N$40组、NS60组）、大量液体复苏组（N$80组、N$100组）。实验过程分4期,急性创伤出血期：制备模型期（30min）;院前急救期（31min～90min）：模型制备成功后各液体复苏组在大鼠的平均动脉压（MAP）降至35mmHg～40mmHg（1mmHg一0．133kPa）时分别给予生理盐水输注,使血压维持在各相应目标压力水平,输液1h;院内治疗期（91min～210rain）：各液体复苏组均给予手术止血、回输血液及给予足量的液体输注,保持大鼠的脚≥90mmHg。观察期（211min至72h）：动物放回笼内,自由饮水、进食。[结果]限制性液体复苏组的血乳酸值较大量液体复苏组低（P〈0．05）,血细胞比容明显高于大量液体复苏组;脑组织病理学损害程度较大量液体复苏组轻;限制性液体复苏提高了大鼠早期（4h）和72h的存活率;存活超过72h的N$40组的3只大鼠,全身功能分级评分（OPC）和神经功能缺陷评分（NDS）存在明显神经功能缺陷和严重残疾;而存活超过72h的N$60组的9只大鼠,0PC和NDS评分基本正常。[结论]限制性液体复苏对脑功能具有保护作用,早期限制性液体复苏维持大鼠的MAP在60mmHg可较好地改善其预后。     

Fluid resuscitation of hypovolemia

Conclusions A great deal has been learned about fluid resuscitation in the last several decades. The choice of an appropriate fluid for resuscitation in every given clinical situation has not yet been definitively determined but we can make some conclusions based on currently available data. It should again be emphasized that the goal of resuscitation of hypovolemic shock is quite clear regardless of the choice of fluid; to resuscitate the shock state as quickly as possible while at the same time minimizing the deleterious effects of fluid resuscitation on the pulmonary, renal, immunological and other systems.Animal experimental work reveals that use of colloid solutions to minimize pulmonary edema formation is ineffective, especially in instances where pulmonary capillary permeability is increased. Further, there are suggestions that colloid solutions may actually exacerbate pulmonary dysfunction following resuscitation by changing the characteristics of the pulmonary interstitium and the dynamics of fluid flux in the lung. This is entirely consistent with Starling's theory of a balance of hydrostatic and osmotic pressure, given what we now understand about the other or interstitial side of the Starling equation.Aside from the lungs, there are known side effects of various colloid solutions on other organs and body systems. In addition, questions remain about other possible associated short-term and long-term renal, coagulation, and immunological effects.Clinical studies using extravascular lung water as an objective parameter of pulmonary dysfunction show no correlation with fluid balance and no deleterious effects of crystalloid resuscitation.The relative cost of various resuscitation fluids should be a minor point when making therapeutic decisions. These relative costs, however, argue strongly for crystalloid therapy unless advantages for colloid fluids can be proved. Such proof is lacking to date.This is not to say that colloid solutions might never be called for. An occasional situation may arise in which sudden acute hypovolemia is associated with difficulties in obtaining good intravenous access. An example would be the victim of an automobile accident trapped for a prolonged period in a vehicle. Such situations impose practical limits on the amount of volume that can be infused. The use of colloid solutions to provide maximal intravascular volume restoration may be justified in such instances. In the vast majority of cases of hypovolemia, however, the balance of experimental, clinical, and practical considerations convincingly favor the use of a crystalloid solution for resuscitation in association with blood and clotting factors as needed.     

脉波指示剂连续心排血量监测技术在早期目标导向治疗中的临床作用分析

目的：探讨脉波指示剂连续心排血量监测（PiCCO）技术在脓毒性休克患者早期目标导向治疗（EGDT）中的临床指导价值。方法将60例脓毒性休克患者按随机数字表法分为常规监测组和PiCCO监测组各30例,PiCCO监测组在PiCCO技术指导下行EGDT,常规监测组患者放置中心静脉导管和桡动脉导管监测血流动力学,按照EGDT方案管理血流动力学并进行治疗。观察2组患者治疗6 h、24 h、48 h时EGDT达标率及复苏后相关参数：血乳酸水平,中心静脉血氧饱和度（ScvO2）,中心静脉压（CVP）,平均动脉压（MAP）,尿量,液体正平衡量,多巴胺和多巴酚丁胺用量,死亡率。结果与常规监测组比较,PiCCO监测组6 h、24 h、48 h ScvO2升高,血乳酸水平降低,液体正平衡量升高,多巴酚丁胺、多巴胺用量减少（P＜0.05）。PiCCO监测组6 h、24 h达标率高于常规监测组,而30 d病死率低于常规监测组,差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论对脓毒性休克患者在PiCCO技术指导下进行EGDT,可更快纠正血流动力学、氧代谢异常,改善患者预后。     

延迟复苏治疗活动性失血性休克临床探讨

目的：探讨延迟复苏策略治疗重症活动性失血性休克在临床的应用实践。方法：延迟复苏组（A组）,限制输晶体液和胶体液量,扩容更多地依赖输血及血浆,控制目标血压以收缩压80~90 mm Hg（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）为允许性低血压;传统复苏组（B组）,不限制输晶体液和胶体液量,快速进行液体复苏。输液以晶体液和胶体液为主,输血及血浆为辅助,不有意控制血压上限。结果：A组抢救成活率显著高于B组。结论：在重症加强护理病房（ICU）临床上认识重症活动性失血性休克特殊性以及治疗的特殊性。应用延迟复苏方法,有望提高该类危重患者的治愈率。