新大纲训练航保应坚持问题导向

新大纲训练是实战化理念指导下的作战训练,是打赢现代战争、提升作战能力的重要手段.应当聚焦新时代强军目标,坚持问题导向,完善新训练模式下航卫保障机制,维护飞行人员健康,保障战斗力持续生成.     

牢记军训注意事项 严防训练伤病发生

<正>近年来,部队着眼有效履行多样化军事任务、战斗力建设抓得比较紧,从难从严锤炼部队战斗力,成效比较明显。但随着训练科目设置的难度、强度明显增大,官兵训练伤病的问题也逐步凸显出来。据统计,随着贴近实战化训练的转型,军事训练伤病的发生率呈上升趋势。这不仅会直接损害官兵的身体健康,引发官兵的畏难恐惧心理,降低官兵的训练热情,而且更重要的是会影响部队战斗力生成。造成官兵训练伤病增多的原因是多方面的,预防方法也很多,但关键的几点一定要牢记。     

军用生物技术发展与未来战争生物化趋势

军用生物技术作为新兴技术领域,不断拓展武器装备的概念内涵,成为武器装备变革的重要推动力量。近年来,军用生物技术在合成生物、脑机接口与脑控、生物材料与仿生机械、生物燃料、生物电子与生物计算、非致命性武器等领域不断取得突破,并将催生新的作战样式和作战理念,推动未来战争中武器装备的生物化、作战力量的生物化以及作战样式的生物化。     

军用生物技术发展与未来战争生物化趋势

军用生物技术作为新兴技术领域,不断拓展武器装备的概念内涵,成为武器装备变革的重要推动力量。近年来,军用生物技术在合成生物、脑机接口与脑控、生物材料与仿生机械、生物燃料、生物电子与生物计算、非致命性武器等领域不断取得突破,并将催生新的作战样式和作战理念,推动未来战争中武器装备的生物化、作战力量的生物化以及作战样式的生物化。     

在多机种保障基地航空卫生保障中,场站卫生队工作探讨

做好军事斗争准备,加强航空卫生保障工作,是新时期空军卫生勤务工作的重点,航空卫生保障的质量直接关系到空军战斗力的生成和空军建设的大局,对提高航空兵战斗力、加快战斗力的生成起着重要作用[1].我部地处粤东,气候以亚热带季风气候为主,机场性质属多机种保障基地,无常驻飞行团,每年3月份、11月份属飞行旺季.近年来,我部以增强部队卫勤保障能力为重点,在上级机关、领导的指导和帮助下,潜心研究,不断探索,卫勤保障能力不断增强,圆满顺利完成了各项保障任务,保证了空中和地面安全.     

武警部队某医院加强为兵服务工作的做法和体会

 为兵服务工作是部队医院的中心工作,事关官兵身心健康和部队战斗力的生成、巩固和提高。笔者就所在单位为兵服务工作方面的探索实践进行了总结和分析。     

民兵军训“三要”、“三防”

民兵军事训练是民兵预备役战斗力生成的保障，而训练伤的预防则是民兵军事训练过程中应该注意的一项重要内容，这是因为训练伤不仅会损害民兵的身心健康，而且会影响民兵军事训练质量和民兵预备役的战斗力。防治军事训练伤主要应做到以下3点：     

两栖步兵军事训练伤及其防治

<正>军事训练是部队战斗力生成的重要途径,而军事训练伤防治是军事训练工作的一项重要内容,在保证军事训练效果、增强部队战斗力方面有着重要的意义。与其他部队相比,两栖步兵部队军事训练伤的发生及防治有共同点,也有其独特性。两栖步兵训练伤的发病情况     

“本钱”不可丢

我们常说：“身体是革命的本钱”，没有健康的身体，事业发展、生活快乐、家庭幸福等都无从谈起。对于个人和家庭而言，健康是幸福生活的基础；对于部队而言，健康则是战斗力生成的源泉。     

大力推进军营健康文化建设

正常言说:临时靠突击,持续靠管理,持久靠文化。对健康文化,一般有两种理解:一种是积极向上、情趣盎然、充满正能量的生活状态;一种是与人的健康息息相关的生活方式、环境氛围、促进手段等文化现象。今天的话题主要说后者,也就是发挥文化的引领、熏陶、同化、发散作用,营造部队全员参与、全程推进、全面提高的文明卫生氛围,为部队战斗力生成、维护与提高提供基础支撑。     

Impact of dental sick call on combat effectiveness: the Dental Fitness Class 3 soldier.

Dental sick call can have a significant impact on combat effectiveness, a loss of up to 18,720 man days per division per year. This study identified two target populations that interceptive dental treatment could best be directed toward. They are the E-1 to E-3 pay grades and soldiers in combat arms units. This study also offers dental resources needed to treat various target populations.     

The demand for blood transfusion agents and blood substitutes in the treatment of wounded patients

Modern arms in combat tend to increase sanitary losses, change their structure and make combat traumas more severe. Blood transfusion therapy became a necessity in the wounds treatment. The recent armed conflicts made military medics move the blood transfusion service to the front lines. The authors present some data obtained in Afghanistan and Chechnya.     

Combat stress disorders and the U.S. Air Force

Air Force fliers and base personnel have unique spheres of vulnerability to combat stress disorders. A number of factors unique to the Air Force heighten combat stress vulnerability: (1) The passive nature of combat duties, (2) relatively small amounts of combat skills training, (3) absence of service-wide training in arms use, (4) lack of experience with mass casualty situations, (5) family proximity to potential operational areas, and (6) base and personnel immobility. The impact of combat stress disorders for both fliers and nonfliers in the Air Force can be minimized. Prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are discussed.     

论军事医学系统的价值要素

论文研究目的是揭示军事医学系统的价值要素。作者研究提出了价值要素对军事医学工程系统发挥导向和支配作用;军事易损性和医学目标对象特殊性是军事医学特殊的价值属性;军事医学实践活动的价值主要是其军事价值、医学价值、科技价值和文化价值;军事医学知识体系的价值主要是丰富了医学、科学技术和军事学等知识体系;军事医学的价值观主要包括其军事价值观、医学价值观、经济价值观和人文价值观等;战斗力的演化,改变了军事医学价值的客观目标体系;对战斗力认识的深化,拓展了对军事医学价值的主观认识;军事医学的军事价值观决定了其发展目的和效果评价;军事医学的特殊价值属性决定了其认识和实践重点。     

论军事医学系统的价值要素

论文研究目的是揭示军事医学系统的价值要素。作者研究提出了价值要素对军事医学工程系统发挥导向和支配作用;军事易损性和医学目标对象特殊性是军事医学特殊的价值属性;军事医学实践活动的价值主要是其军事价值、医学价值、科技价值和文化价值;军事医学知识体系的价值主要是丰富了医学、科学技术和军事学等知识体系;军事医学的价值观主要包括其军事价值观、医学价值观、经济价值观和人文价值观等;战斗力的演化,改变了军事医学价值的客观目标体系;对战斗力认识的深化,拓展了对军事医学价值的主观认识;军事医学的军事价值观决定了其发展目的和效果评价;军事医学的特殊价值属性决定了其认识和实践重点。     

Hearing thresholds for U.S. Marines: comparison of aviation, combat arms, and other personnel

INTRODUCTION: Aviation personnel in the U.S. Marine Corps are exposed to auditory trauma that may produce hearing loss in excess of personnel with other work exposures. METHODS: U.S. Marine Corps personnel in the Navy and Marine Corps Hearing Conservation Database (1995-1999; n = 20,645) were analyzed. The outcome variable was a hearing threshold at 4000 Hz in the left ear greater than 25 dB for annual and periodic audiograms. Personnel were characterized by gender, officer status, 5-yr age groups, and by military occupational skills (MOS) groups of "aviation," "combat arms," and "other." RESULTS: After adjustment by logistic regression for age group, gender, and officer status, the "aviation" group was not different from the "other" category, while the "combat arms" group was more likely to have elevated hearing thresholds. Officers and women demonstrated significantly lower rates for elevated thresholds. DISCUSSION: These findings provide information for personnel planning and assessing military hearing conservation programs.     

Systematic review of physical fitness testing to evaluate the physical combat readiness of Royal Thai Armed Forces

Physical combat readiness of military personnel ensures maximal effectiveness of combat forces during wartime. Combat readiness has always been linked to the Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT). Each raw score is converted to a standard score and corrected for age and gender. There is no standard measurement to evaluate combat readiness in the Royal Thai Army. To determine standardized criteria for physical combat readiness of Royal Thai Army personnel through systematic review, the APFT was used to determine fitness levels and to promote health. To pass the test, each soldier in each unit must attain a minimal standard score for each individual subtest. At present, each unit in the armed forces derives its own standard, based on different missions. The APFT might be an acceptable method to measure physical combat readiness. However, no studies have established the general measurements to evaluate combat readiness.     

The value of credible data from under-resourced areas

Data collection requires a substantial investment in human resources and infrastructure, but it is essential that it is accurate to ensure the credibility of its use. These issues are explored in the light of data from injuries in 'disorganized' settings based on the experiences of field hospitals staffed by the International Committee of the Red Cross. Such data was influential in the campaign to ban landmines and can be used in the legitimate questioning of states' foreign policies. It is important to distinguish between combatant and non-combatant weapons injuries. A significant proportion of civilian weapons injuries in combat zones, particularly post-conflict, occur in a domestic context; some widely quoted figures for civilian war-related injuries are too high, though the correct figures are still far too high. While reducing the supply of arms, the importance of other social factors such as education, poverty and the provision of health care is stressed-provision of health care is affected in combat zones.     

Hemostatic dressings for the first responder: a review

The military is interested in finding a hemostatic dressing that is effective in controlling hemorrhage from combat wounds, relatively inexpensive, and easy to transport. The fibrin dressing has existed for decades, but the military has been reluctant to use the dressing because it is not Food and Drug Administration approved, fairly expensive, and difficult to apply on certain wounds. Newer dressings such as the microporous polysaccharide hemosphere (TraumaDEX), mineral zeolite (QuikClot), poly-N-acetylglucosamine (HemCon), and microporous hydrogel-forming polyacrylamide (BioHemostat) dressings have addressed these deficiencies in that they are relatively inexpensive, easy to transport, and easy to apply. However, the effectiveness of these new dressings on wounds sustained in combat is still questionable according to studies and anecdotal reports from Operation Iraqi Freedom. More research is needed to draw definite conclusions about the effectiveness of these dressings in a combat setting.     

高速气流吹袭时人上肢气动力特性

目的研究抬腿和不抬腿两种姿态下有 /无防护时 ,人上肢的气动力特性。方法在FL 2 4风洞中进行 1 /5人椅模型跨超声速风洞试验 ,研究人上肢各部的气动力特性。马赫数M =0 .4～ 2 .0 ,俯仰角α =5°～ 30°,侧滑角 β=0°～ 90°,雷诺数Re =( 0 .93～ 3.1 )× 1 0 6。结果 1 )抬腿对上肢气动特性有明显影响 ,其影响大小与抬腿状态有关 ;2 )侧滑一般使上肢气动载荷明显增加 ,特别是 β =5 0°是试验中上肢载荷比较严重的状态 ;3)所研究的防护装置 ,特别是导流板 ,对上肢的保护作用明显 ;4)提出了人上肢气动力的计算公式。结论 1 )本研究的防护装置 ,特别是导流板 ,对上肢的保护作用明显。 2 )本研究可为研制人上肢高速气流吹袭防护装置和制定相关标准提供可靠依据 ;3)人上肢气动力的计算可使用本文公式。