颈椎椎间融合术后邻近节段病变的临床观察

目的 通过分析颈前路椎间盘切除、椎间融合术(anterior cervical discectomy and fusion,ACDF)术后长期随访患者的影像学资料和神经功能状态,探讨相邻节段病变的形成原因.方法 1990年1月-2003年4月,实施ACDF 1 200余例,52例获得完整随访资料.男45例,女7例;年龄25～72岁,平均48.5岁.病程3个月～7年9个月,平均23.7个月.椎体融合节段单间隙10例,双间隙38例,三间隙4例.术前均常规行颈椎正、侧位X线片、CT和MRJ检查.采用Nurick评分,对比术后6周及随访结束时的神经功能状态;影像学检查摄X线片、CT观察融合相邻椎体的滑动和椎体后缘骨赘增生情况,按照Goffin方法 转化成半定量退变评分.采用Spearman相关系数法分析Nurick评分、椎体退变程度与患者手术时的年龄、椎体融合节段的关系,椎体退变程度与Nurick评分改变之间的关系.摄MRI观察椎体融合相邻节段及远离节段椎管矢状径的改变.结果 52例获随访3～10年,平均6.9年.最后随访时影像学检查示45例(86.5%)患者出现退行性改变,8例(15.4%)自觉神经症状加重,2例(3.8%)接受二次手术治疗.术后6周Nurick评分(1.07±0.84)分,随访结束时(1.924±1.28)分,比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);Nurick评分的改变与患者手术时年龄(r=0.21,P＞0.05)及椎体融合节段(r=0.30,P＞0.05)无相关性.术后6周椎体退变评分(0.73±0.67)分,随访结束时(1.58±1.06)分,比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);椎体退变程度与患者手术时年龄(r=0.35,P＞0.05)及椎体融合节段(r=0.38,P＞0.05)无相关性.MRI显示融合相邻节段上位椎管矢状径减少,比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01).融合术后相邻椎体发生明显退行性改变,同时伴有神经症状改变,两者之间统计分析有相关性(r=0.41,P＜0.05).结论 ACDF术后相邻节段病变由多种因素引发,椎间盘的自然退变、融合手术造成的生物力学性能的改变、手术对椎体前方韧带结构的破坏及植骨方式均是不可忽视的因素.     

颈椎前路减压融合术后相邻节段病变的手术治疗

[目的]探讨颈椎前路椎体次全切减压融合内固定术后相邻节段退行性病变的最佳手术治疗方法。[方法]2000年1月-2004年12月本科共收治33例患相邻节段病变病例，将33例病例分成3型，并分别采用相应的方法：Ⅰ型（单纯椎间盘突出型）20例，行后路侧块螺钉内固定＋前路椎间盘切除植骨融合术；Ⅱ型（黄韧带钙化皱褶型）5例，行后路侧块螺钉内固定＋椎板切除减压术；Ⅲ型（混合型）8例，行后路侧块螺钉内固定＋椎板切除减压＋前路椎间盘切除植骨融合术。[结果]随访6个月～3年，平均1．2年，33例相邻节段病变受压脊髓获得有效减压，内置物无松动断裂，原前路内固定物位置良好、牢固，无血管、神经、气管、食管损伤并发症，骨性融合好，神经功能有明显改善，JOA评分改善率77．8％。[结论]以后路侧块螺钉内固定术为主的3种手术方法是治疗3种类型的相邻节段病变简易积极有效的方法。     

颈椎前路融合术后邻近节段退行性疾病研究进展

颈椎前路融合术后潜在的各种并发症,包括融合椎体邻近节段发生的退行性疾病越来越引起人们的重视。该文就邻近节段退行性疾病的发病机制、病理变化、相关因素及治疗等问题作一综述。     

颈椎融合术后邻近节段退变的相关影响因素

目的 :探讨颈椎融合术后邻近节段退变(adjacent segment degeneration,ASD)的相关影响因素。方法:收集2009年1月31日~2011年1月31日在我科行颈椎前路减压植骨融合钢板内固定术治疗的患者,按照纳入和排除标准,共有235例患者纳入本研究,其中男126例,女109例,手术时年龄33~70岁,随访时间5~7年。在术前、术后1周以及末次随访时均行颈椎标准正侧位X线片及MRI检查,记录患者的年龄、性别、随访时间、融合节段数等,通过X线片测量并计算术前颈椎管率、手术前后颈椎弧弦距、钢板边缘至手术节段椎体边缘的距离(plate to disc distance,PDD)等影像学指标。根据X线片上Kellgren退变分级法和MRI上Miyazaki椎间盘退变分级法,将患者分为无ASD组和影像学ASD组。采用t检验及χ2检验比较两组间各指标的差异,用Logistic回归分析ASD的相关影响因素。结果 :末次随访时共有107例患者(45.53%)出现影像学ASD。影像学ASD组患者手术时年龄为39~70岁(53.47±6.33岁),术后弧弦距为0~10.30mm(5.58±2.34mm),上、下PPD均5mm 50例,上或下PPD5mm 43例,上、下PPD均≥5mm 14例;无ASD组患者年龄为33~61岁(47.56±5.39岁),术后弧弦距0.10~11.21mm(7.63±2.85mm),上、下PPD均5mm 39例,上或下PPD5mm 62例,上、下均≥5mm 27例,两组患者手术时年龄、术后弧弦距、PDD差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);两组性别比、融合节段数、术前弧弦距、术前与术后弧弦距的差值以及术前颈椎管率均无统计学差异(P0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示手术时年龄、PDD、术后弧弦距与ASD发生率均有显著相关性(P0.05)。结论:手术时年龄、术后颈椎弧弦距、PDD与颈椎融合术后影像学ASD显著性相关,手术时年龄越大、术后颈椎生理前凸恢复不佳以及PDD5mm更容易发生ASD。     

经椎间孔腰椎间融合术治疗腰椎融合术后邻近节段病变的中长期疗效及并发症分析

目的 探讨经椎间孔腰椎间融合术(TLIF)治疗腰椎融合术后邻近节段病变的中长期疗效及并发症发生情况.方法 采用TLIF治疗30例腰椎融合术后邻近节段病变患者.分析术后并发症发生情况.术后1周、末次随访时采用腰痛及下肢痛VAS评分、腰椎JOA评分评定临床症状改善情况.结果 患者均获得随访,时间4.3～9.0(6.0±1....     

前路融合对兔颈椎邻近节段椎间盘的影响

目的探讨前路融合内固定对兔颈椎邻近节段椎间盘的影响。方法60只新西兰白兔随机分4组,每组15只。1组为假手术对照组,余3组为实验组（分别为C34、C45、C56颈椎前路融合内固定组）。术后3、6、9个月每组取5只摄X线片,并取邻近上、下节段椎间盘做组织形态学检查,用免疫组化方法观察纤维环、髓核Ⅰ、Ⅱ型胶原的变化。结果随着时间的推移,实验组的X线片可见手术间隙融合,邻近节段椎体终板硬化;免疫组化结果：髓核中Ⅱ型胶原表达下降,纤维环中Ⅰ型胶原表达增加,随着时间的延长表现更为显著,Ⅰ型胶原有逐渐取代Ⅱ型胶原的趋势,胶原变化在C3-4、C4-5上、下邻近节段差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）,而C56的下位邻近节段变化重于上位邻近节段,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。实验组6个月与9个月分别与对照组6个月与9个月比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论颈椎前路融合内固定可引起兔颈椎邻近节段的退变,不同水平融合内固定对邻近节段椎间盘的影响不同。     

颈椎前路融合术后相邻节段退变的临床观察与分析

[目的]研究颈椎前路融合术是否必然导致邻近节段退变(adjacent segment degeneration,ASD).[方法]1986～1999年,共346例采用“环锯法前路扩大脊髓减压+椎体间植骨内固定术”治疗颈椎退变性疾病,其中,1个间隙55例,2个间隙223例,3个间隙68例.分别评定融合节段头、尾侧相邻间隙及间隔间隙的影像学表现,对结果分组进行统计学检验.[结果]术后随访13.5 (4.1 ～18)年,发生邻近节段明显退变的156例(45.1％),间隔节段明显退变的23例(6.6％).间隔节段退变明显少于邻近节段退变,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).单纯头侧邻近节段发生ASD 84例,单纯尾侧邻近节段发生ASD 27例,头、尾侧邻近节段均发生的45例.头侧邻近节段ASD发生率明显高于尾侧邻近节段,两者比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).按照融合间隙数不同分为单间隙组、2间隙组和3间隙组,单间隙术后ASD 25例(45.5％),其中8例(14.5％)需2次手术.2间隙术后ASD 101例(45.3％),其中37例(16.6％)需2次手术.3间隙术后ASD 30例(44.1％),其中12例(17.6％)需2次手术.各组间ASD发生率比较无显著性差异(P＞0.05).[结论]颈椎前路融合术加速了ASD的发生,并且多见于头侧相邻节段.单节段或多节段融合术后ASD的发生率无显著性差异.     

颈椎前路融合术后邻近节段退变的危险因素研究进展

颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合术（anterior cervical discectomy and fusion,ACDF）应用于临床近百年,取得了良好的临床疗效,被认为是治疗颈椎病的金标准。但融合术后邻近节段退变（adjacent segment degeneration,ASDeg）受到越来越多的关注,关于其发生机制的争论主要集中在融合术导致邻近节段生物应力的改变与年龄相关的自然退变。融合术后发生ASDeg将严重影响手术的中远期疗效,部分患者甚至需要二次手术治疗。为了降低甚至避免ASDeg的发生,临床上出现许多新的技术,诸如保留运动节段的人工椎间盘置换术,新兴的细胞移植技术等,但临床疗效仍需要大量的研究进行证实。因此,发现融合术后发生ASDeg的危险因素对于临床开展融合手术具有重要的意义。目前对于ASDeg危险因素的研究仍无统一认识,本文将从颈椎前路融合术后发生ASDeg的危险因素的研究进展及相应应对措施作一综述,以指导临床实践。     

颈椎邻近节段病变的研究进展及预防措施

颈椎前路椎间盘切除减压融合术(ACDF)是治疗颈椎病最常用的手术方式,尽管该手术在临床已取得显著成效,但术后每年约3%的患者出现邻近节段的退行性改变,多数邻近节段病变(ASP)的发生不可避免,且发病原因复杂多样。人工颈椎间盘置换术(CDR)可以更好地保留颈椎的自身活动度,相比融合手术可以减缓或避免ASP的发生。现有研究证实,手术方式及术者操作对ASP的发生有着重要影响,非融合代替融合治疗方案、恢复颈椎矢状面曲度以及合理选择手术节段可以有效预防ASP的发生。     

斜外侧腰椎体间融合术初次术后邻近节段退变

[目的]评价斜外侧腰椎体间融合术(oblique lumbar interbody fusion,0LIF)治疗腰椎融合术后邻近节段退变的临床效果。[方法]回顾性分析2016年12月一2019年12月本院脊柱外科采用0LIF术治疗腰椎融合术后邻近节段退变50例患者的临床资料。[结果]50例患者均顺利完成手术,均未发生严重并发症。所有患者随访12?16个月,平均(13.74±1.63)个月。术后(12.66±3.64)周患者恢复完全负重活动。随访期间,患者术后疼痛逐步减缓,功能逐步改善。与术前相比较,末次随访时VAS和0DI评分均显著下降(P<0.05)。影像方面,与术前相比,末次随访时患者的腰椎前凸角(LL)显著增加(P<0.05),而侧凸Cobb角显著减少(P<0.05)。至末次随访时,50例患者再次手术椎间隙均达到骨性融合,椎间融合器无移位、下沉。[结论]采用0LIF治疗腰椎融合术后邻近节段退变具有较好的安全性和有效性。     

Adjacent segment disease after anterior cervical interbody fusion

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: There have been many follow-up studies on anterior interbody fusion for cervical nerve root and spinal cord compression, and excellent neurological outcomes have been reported. However, postoperative degenerative changes at adjacent discs may lead to the development of new radiculopathy or myelopathy. In the previous reports, the incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease has ranged from 7% to 15%. PURPOSE: The present study was undertaken to investigate the incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease after anterior cervical interbody fusion (ACIF) and to identify the factors that are related to the development of this disease. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: This is a retrospective cohort study. PATIENT SAMPLE: A total of 112 patients were followed up clinically and radiologically for more than 2 years. OUTCOME MEASURES: Follow-up evaluation was primarily by means of clinical visits. The postoperative course of any symptoms, the findings of neurological examination and serial follow-up radiographs were performed in all patients. METHODS: The diagnosis of symptomatic adjacent segment disease was based on the presence of new radiculopathy or myelopathy symptoms referable to an adjacent level, and the presence of a compressive lesion at an adjacent level by magnetic resonance imaging or myelography. We evaluated the correlation between the incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease and the following clinical parameters (age at operation, sex, number of the levels fused) and radiological parameters (preoperative cervical spine alignment, preoperative range of motion of C2-C7 cervical spine, anteroposterior spinal canal diameter, preoperative existence of an adjacent segment degeneration on plain radiograph, myelography and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). RESULTS: Symptomatic adjacent segment disease developed in 19 of 112 patients (19%) followed. A Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed in order to follow the disease-free survival of the entire series of patients. The disease-free survival rates were 89% at 5 years, 84% at 10 years and 67% at 17 years. The incidences of indentation of dura matter on preoperative myelography or disc protrusion on MRI at the adjacent level were significantly higher in disease cases (p=.0087, .0299, respectively; chi-squared test). However, the other parameters did not show a statistically significant difference. There were seven cases (37%) who had failure of nonoperative treatment and additional operations were performed. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of symptomatic adjacent segment disease after ACIF was higher when preoperative myelography or MRI revealed asymptomatic disc degeneration at that level regardless of the number of the levels fused, preoperative alignment, spinal canal diameter or fusion alignment.     

颈椎人工椎间盘置换与椎间盘切除融合术后邻近节段退变比较研究的Meta分析

目的 :通过Meta分析系统评价颈椎人工间盘置换术(cervical total disc replacement,TDR)与颈前路椎间盘切除融合术(anterior cervical discectomy and fusion,ACDF)对邻近节段退变(adjacent segment degeneration,ASDeg)、邻近节段病(adjacent segment disease,ASDis)发生的影响。方法 :根据Cochrane系统评价指南,通过Pub Med、Medline、EMBASE、Cochrane图书馆、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)和万方数据库(Wanfang Database)检索2002年1月~2016年6月之间关于TDR和ACDF术后出现ASDeg、ASDis的随机对照试验(randomized controlled trials,RCTs),由两名研究人员独立筛选文章。纳入文献的方法学质量和偏倚风险通过Cochrane系统评价指南进行评价,提取数据包括ASDeg、ASDis以及再手术率的相关信息,研究结果以ASDeg和ASDis的发生作为直接结果,以邻近节段再手术率作为间接结果评估邻近节段病变的发生,并根据随访时间和研究地点分层进行亚组分析,最终对整篇Meta分析通过证据质量分级和推荐强度系统(the grades of recommendation,assessment,development and evaluation,GRADE)进行质量评估。结果 :共纳入了11篇RCTs,包括2632名研究对象。对于整体的ASD(包括直接和间接结果),TDR的发生率明显低于ACDF(OR=0.6;95%CI[0.38,0.73];P0.00001),差异有统计学意义。ASDeg和再手术率方面,TDR相对于ACDF具有明显优势(分别为OR=0.58,95%CI[0.46,0.72],P0.00001和OR=0.52,95%CI[0.30,0.87],P=0.01)。以随访时间5年为分界点,不论随访5年还是≥5年,在ASDeg发生率上,TDR的优势都比ACDF显著(分别为OR=0.63,P=0.001;OR=0.49,P=0.0002),并且这种优势可能随时间延长有扩大趋势。以研究地点分层,不论在美国(7篇RCTs)还是中国(4篇RCTs),TDR在邻近节段退变(ASDeg)发生率上均有优势(P0.0001,P=0.03)。根据GRADE评分,该Meta分析的质量级别为中等质量。结论:与ACDF相比,TDR在降低ASDeg和再手术率方面具有优势。     

Effect of cervical dynamics on adjacent segment degeneration after anterior cervical fusion with cages

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) on the motion of the cervical spine and dynamic stress (tendency to kyphosis) on adjacent segments and on the overall spinal alignment which may predispose to symptomatic disc diseases at other levels. Twenty consecutive patients underwent ACDF with a mean follow-up of 28 months (range 13-38). Preoperative and postoperative clinical assessments were done by using the neck disability index (NDI) and the Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score. In all cases, at the last follow-up control, a neuro-radiographic assessment [cervical spine static and dynamic X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)] was done. The angle of the operated disc space, the disc space angle of contiguous segments, and their range of motion (ROM) and the kyphotic Cobb angle (C2-7) were measured by computer software. The study was done at Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy in the period from November 2003 to November 2005. We observed that: the mean Cobb angle improved significantly (p < 0.001) from 3.4 degrees (kyphosis) to postoperative 14.5 degrees . This normalization of angle showed a direct effect on improvement of myelopathic patients, but it had a statistically nonsignificant effect on adjacent segments degeneration (ASD). The mean segmental ROM of adjacent segments did not show significant instability. The mean was 11.1 degrees at upper and 10.2 degrees at lower levels (close to normal). In six cases, the ROM was higher than normal: five of these patients demonstrated symptomatic adjacent segment pathology. Postoperative improvement of mean JOA and NDI scores was statistically significant (p < 0.001). Anyway, symptomatic ASD was observed in five patients (20%): in four of them, the higher disc spaces and in one, the lower disc spaces were involved. In four cases, the preoperative MRI showed slight and asymptomatic disc degeneration at the same levels involved subsequently. This ASD was significantly related to the increased ROM at the segments involved. Follow-up X-rays showed solid fusion with absence of movement in all but one case (at 13-month follow-up), who showed slight movement in the operated level in spite of clinical improvement. The follow-up MRI showed, in all cases, good decompression in the treated levels. Compensatory increase in ROM of the contiguous motion segments in patients subjected to ACDF may lead to ASD especially in those cases with asymptomatic adjacent subclinical degenerative disease. If these preliminary results will be confirmed by larger series, it could be reasonable in young selected patients with soft disc herniation to adopt total disc arthroplasty instead of fusion after cervical micro-discectomy.     

颈前路减压零切迹椎间融合器与传统钛板固定融合术后相邻节段退变的比较

目的 :比较颈前路减压零切迹椎间融合器(Zero-P)与传统钛板内固定融合术治疗单/双节段脊髓型颈椎病对术后相邻节段退变的影响。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月～2018年3月采用颈前路减压Zero-P与传统钛板内固定融合术治疗的113例脊髓型颈椎病患者的资料,其中Zero-P组(A组)65例,传统钛板组(B组)48例,A组再分为单节段组(n=44)和双节段组(n=21),B组再分为单节段组(n=28)和双节段组(n=20),4组患者年龄、性别构成比、手术节段均无统计学差异(P>0.05)。比较两种术式的手术时间、术中出血量,以及4组的术前、末次随访时的日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedie Association,JOA)评分、疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analog scale,VAS),末次随访时评估患者术后是否出现吞咽困难,并在颈椎侧位X线片上测量术前、术后即刻、末次随访时相邻节段椎间隙高度,评估术前、末次随访时的相邻椎体骨化情况,在颈椎MRI上应用椎间盘Pfirrmann分级评估术前、末次随访时的相邻节段椎间盘退变情况。结果:单节段A组随访时间为18....     

The change of adjacent segment after cervical disc arthroplasty compared with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background Context

Many meta-analyses have been performed to study the efficacy of cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA) compared with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF); however, there are few data referring to adjacent segment within these meta-analyses, or investigators are unable to arrive at the same conclusion in the few meta-analyses about adjacent segment. With the increased concerns surrounding adjacent segment degeneration (ASDeg) and adjacent segment disease (ASDis) after anterior cervical surgery, it is necessary to perform a comprehensive meta-analysis to analyze adjacent segment parameters.

Surgical outcomes of additional posterior lumbar interbody fusion for adjacent segment disease after single-level posterior lumbar interbody fusion

Purpose

Adjacent segment disease (ASD) is an increasing problematic complication following lumbar fusion surgeries. ASD requires appropriate treatment, although there are only few reports on surgery for ASD. This study aimed to clarify surgical outcomes of posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) for ASD.

Methods

Medical charts of 18 patients who underwent the second (repeat) PLIF for ASD were retrospectively investigated (average follow-up, 40 [27–66] months). Modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score and Whitecloud classification were used as outcome measures.

Results

Mean modified JOA score improved from 7.7 just before repeat PLIF to 11.4 at maximum recovery and declined to 10.2 at final follow-up. Mean recovery rate of modified JOA score was 52.9 % at maximum recovery and 31.6 % at final follow-up. According to Whitecloud classification, 17 patients (94 %) were excellent or good and only 1 was fair at maximum recovery, whereas 10 (56 %) were excellent or good, 6 were fair, and 2 were poor at final follow-up. Eight patients (44 %) deteriorated again because of recurrent ASD. Two poor patients underwent a third PLIF.

Conclusion

PLIF is effective for ASD after PLIF in the short term, although it tends to lead to a high incidence of recurrent ASD.     

自锚式腰椎侧方融合器在斜外侧椎间融合术治疗腰椎融合术后邻近节段病中的应用

目的 :评价自锚式腰椎侧方融合器在斜外侧椎间融合(oblique lateral interbody fusion,OLIF)术治疗腰椎融合术后邻近节段病中的应用效果。方法:2014年3月～2020年3月在我院治疗的腰椎融合术后症状性邻近节段退变患者35例,其中采用自锚式腰椎侧方融合器行斜外侧椎间融合术13例(OLIF组),男7例,女6例;年龄48～75岁(56.2±15.4岁)。采用后方经椎间孔腰椎椎间融合(transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion,TLIF)术22例(TLIF组),男12例,女10例;年龄38～76岁(48.2±24.5岁)。比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间和并发症发生率,在术前、术后3个月和末次随访时采用视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评定腰痛和腿痛情况、Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)评定临床疗效。结果:OLIF组的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、住院时间均小于TLIF组,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。OLIF组术后出现并发症3例(23.1%),TLIF组术后出现并发症5例(22.7%),两组并发症发生率无统计学差异(P0.05)。术后随访12～72个月(35.4±21.9个月),OLIF组术前、术后3个月和末次随访时的腰痛、腿痛VAS评分和ODI分别为7.6±1.1分、7.8±1.1分、(58.9±10.8)%,1.7±0.3分、1.8±0.2分、(19.6±1.5)%和0.7±0.3分、0.7±0.3分、(18.3±0.7)%;TLIF组分别为8.0±1.0分、8.0±1.0分、(57.4±11.5)%,1.8±0.3分、1.9±0.3分、(20.9±1.2)%和0.5±0.1分、0.5±0.2分、(19.2±0.8)%;两组术后3个月及末次随访时的腰、腿痛VAS评分及ODI均较术前显著性改善(P0.05),两组同时间点比较差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:应用自锚式腰椎侧方融合器行OLIF治疗腰椎融合术后邻近节段病安全、有效,并能够缩短手术时间和住院时间,有利于早期康复。     

异体骨椎间融合器在颈椎前路融合术中的应用价值

目的探讨螺纹异体骨椎间融合支架(allograft interbody fusion cage,AIFC)在颈椎前融合术中的应用价值.方法自1998年6月～2000年6月,采用AIFC行颈椎前路融合术90例,其中男35例,女55例,年龄37～72岁,平均47岁,其中神经根型颈椎病56例,脊髓型颈椎病32例,椎动脉型颈椎病2例.采用颈前横行切口,C臂X线透视定位病变间隙,行环钻前路减压,AIFC植入融合固定.术后随访观察AIFC的融合率,椎间高度维持情况及有无并发症.结果76例获得良好随访,随访时间18个月～3年,平均26个月,术后3 d、1、3、6、9、12、18、24个月常规X线片检查,74例获得骨性融合,融合率为97.3%,椎间高度维持良好,AIFC无移位,2例成角畸形愈合,颈椎呈后凸畸形.结论AIFC具有良好的维持椎间高度功能,抗压缩、抗旋转,稳定性好,椎间融合率高,符合颈椎生物力学及临床要求.     

颈椎前路融合术后相邻节段退变的手术治疗

目的：探讨颈椎前路减压融合术后相邻节段退变的手术治疗方法与效果。方法：自2000年3月至2011年3月,采用手术治疗颈椎前路减压融合术后相邻节段退变患者27例,男16例,女11例;年龄48—72岁,平均55．3岁。术后通过JOA评分、影像学检查,评价手术疗效。结果：所有病例获得随访,时间1．8～712年,平均3．6年。病变节段减压充分、脊髓膨隆良好,内固定无松动,无颈椎节段不稳发生。术后神经根性痛消失,神经功能明显改善。术前、术后3d、末次随访JOA评分分别为9．15±3．46,13．96±2．79,13．52±2．91,手术前后比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。椎间高度和生理曲度与术前比较均有明显改善（P〈0．05）。结论：对于有脊髓神经症状体征的相邻节段退变应尽早手术治疗,以解除脊髓压迫,重建脊柱稳定,根据受压部位不同,采用合理的手术方法大多能获得满意的效果。     

There is no increased risk of adjacent segment disease at the cervicothoracic junction following an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion to C7

Background Context

Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) is a very common operative intervention for the treatment of cervical spine degenerative disease in those who have failed non-operative measures. However, studies examining long-term follow-up on patients who underwent ACDF reveal evidence of radiographic and clinical degenerative disc disease at the levels adjacent to the fusion construct. Consistent with other junctional regions of the spine, the cervicothoracic junction (CTJ) has significant morphologic variations. As a result, the CTJ undergoes significant static and dynamic stress. Given these findings, there has been some thought that ACDF down to C7 may experience additional risks for adjacent segment degeneration/disease (ASD) when compared with ASDFs that are cephalad to C7.