硒酸酯多糖对癌症患者血清MDA含量及CuZn—SOD活性的影响

了解硒酸酯多糖对肿瘤患者丛内ＭＤＡ及ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ活性的影响。方法；对６０例肿瘤病人随机分成３组：不服硒组，服硒４００μｈ／ｄ组及服８００μｇ／ｄ组并与１５名正常人对照比较。结果：癌症患者血清ＭＤＡ明显高于正常人，血清Ｓｅ及ＣｕＺＮ－ＳＯＤ活性明显低于正常人，服硒酸酯多糖者化疗后血清Ｓｅ较不服者明显升高，ＣｕＺｎ－ＳＯＤ也明显升高，ＭＤＡ含量显著下降；     

硒酸酯多糖和复方硒酸酯多糖对荷瘤小鼠免疫功能的影响

早在70年代，硒与肿瘤的关系已成为各国医学界研究热门。大量流行病学调查和动物实验证实，硒与各种肿瘤的发病率呈负相关。据资料表明癌症患者体内硒的含量比健康人低。Salonen等［‘j对芬兰sll3名人群，在6年追踪观察发现血清硒低浓度组与较高浓度及最高浓度组相比癌症的相对危险性为3．0（1．2～7．9）。W＊ett等［‘］也报告血清硒含量最高组癌症危险性是最低组的50％。实验也发现硒能抑制实验动物自发性、移植性及化学性致癌剂或病毒诱发的肿瘤。然而，硒抗癌作用机制仍不十分清楚。为了探讨硒的抗癌作用，研究硒对机体免疫功能的影响…     

硒酸酯多糖辅助癌症化疗的临床观察

 对64例Ⅱ－Ⅳ癌症患者，采用随机对照分组(化疗＋硒组，单化组)，观察硒酸酯多糖在化疗期间的辅助效应。结果：化疗加硒组，骨髓毒性低于单纯化疗组，化疗期间感染率低于单化组，但无统计学意义，免疫球蛋白、食欲均优于单化组(P<0.01，P<0.05)有统计学意义，说明硒酸酯多糖在化疗中对机体正常组织有保护作用。     

硒酸酯多糖对化疗患者免疫功能调节作用的临床试验

目的：确定硒酸酯多糖对化疗患者免疫功能的调节作用。方法：采用随机分组双盲临床试验,观察化疗患者口服硒酸酯多糖（κ－ 硒卡拉胶）（治疗组）与安慰剂（对照组）对免疫功能的影响。结果：治疗组患者Ｔ４ 细胞百分比从疗前２７９±７４ 升至３８１ ±１０８（ Ｐ＜００５）,Ｔ４／Ｔ８ 比值从０９２±０２３ 升至１２７±０５０（ Ｐ＜ ００１） ,而对照组Ｔ４ 、Ｔ８ 细胞及Ｔ４／Ｔ８ 比值无明显变化。治疗组患者巨噬细胞吞噬率从２４５ ±１９４ 升至３１９ ±１５３（ Ｐ＜ ００１） ,对照组则从２５４ ±１５４ 降至２１６±２２３（ Ｐ＜ ００１） 。两组患者ＮＫ 细胞活性、Ｉｇ 含量、近期疗效及毒性反应似无显著差异。结论：硒酸酯多糖是一种安全有效的免疫调节剂,可提高肿瘤化疗患者的免疫功能     

硒酸酯多糖Ⅱ期临床研究

硒(Ｓｅ)是人类必需的微量元素之一,具有提高免疫功能、有效地清除自由基,防止脂质过氧化、保护细胞膜免受损害、解毒、保护骨髓造血功能及潜在的抗癌、防衰老等多种作用。由北京天赐福生物医药有限公司研制的新药硒酸酯多糖,经我院肿瘤内科与其它医院协作进行Ⅱ期临床试验研究工作,现将结果报告如下。1　临床资料1.1　试验目的1)观察硒酸酯多糖的临床促进免疫功能效用;2)观察硒酸酯多糖对化疗疗效的影响;3)观察硒酸酯多糖对骨髓造血及肝肾功能的影响;4)观察硒酸酯多糖对生存率的影响。1.2　一般资料1.2.1　入选标准1)有病理或细胞学证实的…     

硒酸酯多糖增强荷瘤小鼠免疫功能和自身肿瘤杀伤活性的作用

本文研究了硒酸酯多糖(KSC)对荷S180肉瘤小鼠NK细胞活性、LAK细胞活性、IL-2分泌能力和自身肿瘤杀伤活性(ATK)的影响及抑癌效应.结果表明,KSC(40mg/kg·d×9d,ig)能增强荷瘤鼠NK细胞和LAK细胞活性,促进脾细胞产生IL-2,增强ATK活性;加强环磷酰胺(Cy,20mg/kg·d×9d,ip)的抑瘤作用,并能拮抗Cy对免疫活性细胞的抑制效应.体外用rIL-2激活荷瘤鼠脾淋巴细胞可诱生或增强ATK活性.本研究结果提示,KSC上调肿瘤宿主NK细胞和LAK细胞活性及IL-2的分泌水平,增强ATK活性,可作为生物反应调节剂(BRM)应用于肿瘤生物治疗.     

硒酸酯多糖通过下调mdr1/P-gp表达逆转K562/ADM细胞凋亡抑制

目的:研究硒酸酯多糖(Kappa-selenocarrageenan,KSC)对多药耐药K562/ADM细胞的诱导凋亡效应及其分子机制。方法:以白血病多药耐药细胞K562/ADM为KSC作用的靶细胞,用MTT比色法检测细胞增殖活性,形态学、DNA片段化和流式细胞术(FCM)观察细胞凋亡;RT-PCR检测mdr1基因和Caspase-3基因mRNA的表达;FCM测定P-gp蛋白表达水平和Caspase-3活性。结果:KSC显著抑制K562/ADM细胞增殖,KSC诱导后K562/ADM细胞出现典型的凋亡形态学变化、DNA片段化和亚G1期细胞群等特征性改变。KSC下调K562/ADM细胞mdr1基因表达、抑制P-gp合成,并上调caspase-3基因表达、增强caspase-3活性。结论:KSC通过下调mdr1/P-gp表达逆转K562/ADM多药耐药细胞的凋亡抑制。     

维生素E与硒化黄芪多糖对小鼠S180肉瘤的抑瘤作用及相互影响

作者观察了维生素Ｅ和硒化黄芪多糖对小鼠Ｓ１８０肉瘤的抑瘤作用和抗氧化指标的影响，以及两者之间的相互作用，结果表明，维生素Ｅ组，硒化黄芪多糖组和硒化维生素Ｅ组的抑瘤率分别为７３．９６％，５９．１１％和８４．１５％，血清脂质过氧化的产物丙二醛（ＭＤＡ）的含量则在各相同未观察到显著性差异，结果提示，供给足量的硒化黄芪多糖对机体有节约维生素Ｅ的作用，同时或分别给予硒化黄芪多糖和维生素Ｅ均有提高全血谷胱甘肽     

应用生物发光技术研究甲基硒酸对L9981-Luc肺癌细胞株移植瘤模型生长转移的影响

背景与目的 甲基硒酸是一种新型的人工合成的硒化合物.研究发现甲基硒酸对肿瘤细胞的生长转移有抑制作用.本研究的目的是探讨甲基硒酸对L9981-Luc裸鼠异体移植瘤生长和转移能力的抑制作用及机制.方法 建立L9981-Luc肺癌细胞株移植瘤模型,用精诺真活体动物可见光成像系统观察肺癌移植瘤肿瘤生长转移情况.实验将6周龄裸鼠15只,随机分为3组,每组5只,对照组每日腹腔注射生理盐水0.2 mL;甲基硒酸组每日腹腔注射甲基硒酸溶液50μg (0.2mL);顺铂组每周腹腔注射顺铂4 mg/kg.结果 接种第21天,不同组间原发瘤发光值比较差异有统计学意义(P=0.002);顺铂组发光值明显低于对照组(P=0.001),甲基硒酸组发光值明显低于对照组(P=0.031).不同药物处理组胸部转移信号发光值差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论甲基硒酸能明显抑制L9981-Luc裸鼠异体移植瘤生长,并有抑制L9981-Luc原发瘤肺转移的趋势.     

营养及化疗对肿瘤患者血清微量元素和免疫功能的影响

目的 探讨肿瘤患者化疗后血清微量元素及免疫功能的变化,以及肠内营养支持对上述测定指标的影响。方法 　 选择 2018 年 3 月至 5 月进入武汉市中心医院化疗的肿瘤患者 19 例,年龄为 18~70 岁;KPS 评分≥ 60。随机分为两组： 9 例患者化疗期间行肠内营养干预,10 例患者未进行营养干预。在化疗前后分别测定血清微量元素和外周血淋巴细胞亚 群,并进行统计学分析。结果 未经营养干预的患者化疗后血清锰含量比化疗前显著减低（P=0.004）,化疗后血清铅呈 现临界水平降低（P=0.057）;行营养干预的患者血清锌含量显著降低（P=0.013）,外周血中NK 细胞比例在化疗后呈 临界水平降低（P=0.059）,而 CD4+/CD8+ 之比在化疗后呈临界水平升高（P=0.057）。结论 化疗及营养干预对血清微 量元素浓度有一定的作用;营养干预对外周血T 细胞的分布有一定的影响,表现为NK 细胞比例在化疗后有降低趋势, CD4+/CD8+ 比值有升高趋势。由于病例数较少以及营养干预时间较短,因此有必要增加病例数以及延长营养干预时间并 做进一步深入研究。     

Comparison of serum tumor associated material (TAM) with conventional biomarkers in cancer patients

Objective: To compare expression level of serum tumor associated materials (TAM) with several conventionalserum tumor biomarkers, eg., carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen19-9 (CA19-9),carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3), alpha-fetoprotein(AFP), in selected solid tumors. Methods: Patientsdiagnosed histologically or cytologically with liver, breast, esophageal, gastric, colorectal or pancreatic cancerswere enrolled into this study. After diagnosis, the level of TAM was determined by chemical colorimetry, andlevels of conventional tumor markers was measured by chemiluminescence methods. Results: A total of 560patients were enrolled into this study. No statistically significant difference was detected in TAM and the abovementioned tumor biomarkers in terms of their positivity and negativity ( P>0. 05). Conclusions: Detection of TAMin liver, breast, esophageal, gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancer patients demonstrates a good accordancewith CEA, CA199, CA153, and AFP, thus suggesting that further study is warranted to verify whether TAMcould be a surrogate for these conventional biomarkers.     

Schedule-Dependent Effects of Kappa-Selenocarrageenan in Combination with Epirubicin on Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a relatively higher incidence in many countries of Asia. Globally, HCChas a high fatality rate and short survival. Epirubicin, a doxorubicin analogue, may be administered alone or incombination with other agents to treat primary liver cancer and metastatic diseases. However, the toxic effects ofepirubicin to normal tissues and cells have been one of the major obstacles to successful cancer chemotherapy.Here, we investigated the effects of epirubicin in combination with kappa-selenocarrageenan on mice with H22implanted tumors and HepG-2 cell proliferation, immune organ index, morphology, cell cycle and related proteinexpressions in vivo and in vitro with sequential drug exposure. The inhibitory rate of tumor growth in vivo wascalculated. Drug sensitivity was measured by MTT assay, and the King’s principle was used to evaluate theinteraction of drug combination. Morphological changes were observed by fluorescent microscopy. Cell cyclechanges were analyzed by flow cytometry. Expression of cyclin A, Cdc25A and Cdk2 were detected by Westernblotting. In vivo results demonstrated that the inhibitory rate of EPI combined with KSC was higher than thatof KSC or EPI alone, and the Q value indicated an additive effect. In addition, KSC could significantly raise thethymus and spleen indices of mice with H22 implanted tumors. In the drug sensitivity assay in vitro, exposure toKSC and EPI simultaneously was more effective than exposure sequentially in HepG-2 cells, while exposure toKSC prior to EPI was more effective than exposure to EPI prior to KSC. Q values showed an additive effect inthe simultaneous group and antagonistic effects in the sequential groups. Morphological analysis showed similarresults to the drug sensitivity assay. Cell cycle analysis revealed that exposure to KSC or EPI alone arrested thecells in S phase in HepG-2 cells, exposure to KSC and EPI simultaneously caused accumulation in the S phase,an effect caused by either KSC or EPI. Expression of cyclin A, Cdc25A and Cdk2 protein was down-regulatedfollowing exposure to KSC and EPI alone or in combination, exposure to KSC and EPI simultaneously resultingin the lowest values. Taken together, our findings suggest that KSC in combination with EPI might have potentialas a new therapeutic regimen against HCC.     

胃癌患者血清TSGF和IAP测定的临床价值

目的探讨胃癌患者血清肿瘤标志物肿瘤特异性生长因子(TSGF)、免疫抑制酸性蛋白(IAP)测定在诊断及化疗疗效评价中的作用。方法用生化比色定量法及单向免疫扩散法分别测定46例胃癌、50例正常对照的TSGF、IAP值。结果 胃癌患者血清TSGF、IAP值较正常对照明显升高,且与胃癌诊断和化疗疗效密切相关。患者中有远处转移者TSGF、IAP测定值较未转移者明显升高。结论检测血清TSGF、IAP对胃癌的早期诊断、评定化疗疗效、监测复发、判断预后有重要的临床意义。     

Superoxide dismutase isoenzyme activities in plasma and tissues of Iraqi patients with breast cancer

Breast cancer is the first of the most common ten cancers in Iraq. Its etiology is mulifactorial, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation being suggested to play important roles in carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the oxidant-antioxidant status in breast cancer patients, by measuring SOD isoenzyme activities (total SOD, CuZn-SOD, Mn-SOD and EC-SOD) in plasma and breast tumors, and by estimating thiobarbituric reactive substance (TBRS) in tissue homogenates. General increase in total SOD activity was observed in plasma and tissue samples of breast tumors, greater in the malignant when compared to benign group (p<0.05). Mn- SOD showed a significant decrease in tissue malignant samples (p<0.05), and insignificant decrease in plasma malignant samples compared with control and benign samples. Plasma EC-SOD activity in both patient benign and malignant breast tumors demonstrated 3.5% and 22.8% increase, respectively. However, there was a decrease in tissue EC-SOD activity in malignant breast tumors when compared with benign. A similar tendency was noted for TBRS.We suggested that elevated total SOD might reflect a response to oxidative stress, and then may predict a state of excess reactive oxygen species in the carcinogenesis process. If there is proteolytic removal of the heparin binding domain, EC-SOD will lose its affinity for the extracellular matrix and diffuse out of the tissue. This will result in a decreased EC-SOD activity, thus leading to an increase in the steady-state concentration of O2- in this domain, and increase in EC-SOD activity in extracellular fluid. This might explain the result recorded here concerning the decrease in tissue EC-SOD activity and increase in plasma of breast cancer patients.     

肺癌患者血清肿瘤标志物联合检测及临床意义

目的探讨肿瘤标志物CEA、DR70、NSE和CYFRA21-1单项和联合检测对肺癌诊断的价值,评价血清中4项标志物水平在肺癌不同病理类型及治疗前后的表达意义。方法采用酶联免疫法检测130例肺癌患者和50例肺部良性疾病患者血清4项标志物水平,并以100名健康人为对照。同时对其中80例肺癌患者进行治疗前后标志物水平检测。结果肺癌患者CEA、DR70、NSE和CYFRA21-1血清水平高于肺良性疾病患者和健康人,差异有显著性意义(均P<0.01),肺部良性疾病患者和健康人比较差异无显著性;4项标志物在肺癌不同病理类型中CEA和NSE总体比较均有差异,其中腺癌CEA水平均高于其他类型(P<0.05￣0.01),小细胞肺癌NSE水平高于其他类型(均P<0.01);治疗有效的肺癌患者治疗后4项标志物水平均明显下降,而治疗无效者治疗前后均无明显变化。4项标志物联合检测的敏感度(73.1%)和准确度(80.5%)明显高于单项敏感度(分别为45.4%、24.6%、36.2%、33.8%)及准确度(分别为65.7%、55.2%、63.5%、60.7%)。结论CEA、DR70、NSE和CYFRA21-1联合检测可明显提高肺癌的阳性检出率;联合检测对鉴别肺癌与肺部良性疾病、肺癌不同病理类型,尤其对未能取得病理和细胞学证实的肺癌患者有一定的参考价值。同时检测治疗后标志物水平可以评估预后,观察治疗效果,为临床医师选择和改进治疗方案提供依据。     

化疗对乳腺癌患者血清血管生成调节因子水平的影响

目的探讨乳腺癌患者化疗期间血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和内皮细胞抑制素(ES)水平的变化及其与疗效的关系。方法收集40例转移性乳腺癌患者化疗前、化疗1个周期和5—6个周期后的系列血清标本120份,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(EUSA)检测VEGF和ES水平;同时采用该方法检测血清可溶性血管细胞黏附因子-1(VCAM-1)水平。结果(1)化疗前,乳腺癌患者血清VEGF中位水平为496.6 pg/ml,是健康对照组的4.7倍(P<0.001);ES中位水平为95.5 ng/ml,比健康对照组低18.3%(P=0.183);VCAM-1中位水平为1077.1 ng/ml,较健康对照组明显增高(P< 0.001)。化疗前VEGF与血清VCAM-1水平、疾病分期和转移部位相关(P<0.05)。(2)化疗1个周期后,乳腺癌患者血清VEGF中位水平为524.8 pg/ml,较化疗前增高(P=0.047);ES中位水平为110.5 ng/ml,与化疗前差异无统计学意义(P=0.055);VCAM-1中位水平为975.6 ng/ml,与化疗前差异亦无统计学意义(P=0.27)。(3)化疗5—6个周期后,乳腺癌患者血清VEGF中位水平为306.5 pg/ml,较化疗前、化疗1个周期后明显下降(P值分别为0.009和0.005);ES中位水平为113.3 ng/ml,比化疗前明显增高(P=0.042),但与化疗1个周期差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。血清VEGF水平的变化与疗效相关。病情稳定或缓解的27例乳腺癌患者,VEGF均出现不同程度下降, 13例病情进展者无VEGF下降;VCAM-1水平也出现了与VEGF类似的治疗相关反应;而ES水平与疗效无关(P>0.05),提示化疗对ES水平影响可能较小。结论乳腺癌全身化疗明显影响血清VEGF水平,VEGF下降可能是疾病得到控制的一个指标;随着治疗后病情的稳定或缓解,肿瘤血管生成具有向着抗血管生成活性状态发展的趋势。     

血清CA125、NSE、CT在肺癌诊断和外科治疗预后中的价值

目的　探讨手术前肺癌患者血清中糖链抗原 12 5 (CA12 5 )、神经元特异性烯醇化酶 (NSE)、降钙素 (CT)水平在肺癌诊断及预后中的意义。方法　 92例肺癌患者进入该观察 ,其中Ⅰ期 4例 ,Ⅱ期 2 1例 ,Ⅲ期5 0例 ,Ⅳ期 6例。所有患者均在手术治疗前抽血测定CA12 5、NSE、CT。同期 3 0名健康体检者被选作对照组。结果　CA12 5、NSE、CT对肺癌诊断的敏感度分别为 48.9%、2 1.7%、7.6%。CA12 5在各组肺癌血清中的测定值均显著高于健康体检者 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;NSE仅在小细胞肺癌组中高于健康体检者 (P <0 .0 1) ;CT在各组中与健康体检者无显著性差异。CA12 5正常组的术后 3年生存率为 66.0 % ( 3 1/4 7) ,CA12 5升高组为44 .4% ( 2 0 /4 5 ) ,两者有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。血清NSE、CT升高组的术后 3年生存率分别为 45 .0 % ( 9/2 0 )、42 .8% ( 3 /7) ,血清NSE、CT正常组分别为 5 8.3 % ( 4 2 /72 )、5 6.5 % ( 4 8/85 ) ,二者相比无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 )。结论　CA12 5、NSE、CT对肺癌的诊断价值有限 ;术前CA12 5对手术治疗的肺癌患者有预后意义     

Titration of serum p53 antibodies in patients with gastric cancer: a single-institute study of 40 patients

Background Alterations of the p53 tumor suppressor gene are the most commonly observed genetic abnormalities in many different types of human malignancies. The accumulation of mutant p53 often leads to the production of p53 antibody (p53-Ab) in the sera of patients with various cancers. To evaluate the clinical implications of serum p53-Abs in patients with gastric cancer, we compared p53-Abs with conventional tumor markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen (CA)19-9. Methods Serum samples were obtained preoperatively from 40 patients with histologically confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma, including 28 (70%) patients in stage Ia. The serum p53-Abs were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, using a new version of a highly specific, quantitative p53-Abs Kit (MESACUP Kit II). Results p53-Abs were detected in 6 (15%) of 40 patients with gastric cancer, including 3 patients with early gastric cancer. Seven (17.5%) of the 40 patients were positive for CEA in serum. However, none of 7 patients with high CEA levels were positive for p53-Abs. No significant correlation of p53-Abs with patient age, sex, pathological parameters, tumor markers such as CEA and CA19-9, or poor survival (P = 0.116) was observed. Conclusion Although we employed the latest version of the p53-Abs Kit, the sensitivity of serum p53-Ab in gastric cancer patients was relatively low. No correlation was found between the presence of p53-Ab and the staging of cancer or survival. However, serum p53-Ab was detectable in patients with gastric cancer even in the early stages of disease. In addition, it may be independent of CEA and CA19-9.     

Effects of tamoxifen on the serum leptin level in patients with breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Leptin is a peptide hormone that has a role in the regulation of body weight and has effects on metabolic, neuroendocrine, reproductive and hematopoietic systems. Breast cancer has also been associated with obesity and reproductive hormones, especially estradiol. Only a few studies have investigated the relation between plasma leptin and risk of breast cancer and only one study evaluated the effect of tamoxifen on leptin levels in patients with breast cancer. METHODS: We investigated serum leptin levels in gender-, body mass index (BMI)- and age-matched breast cancer patients and healthy individuals (58 of each). RESULTS: Serum leptin levels were measured by radioimmunoassay (Human Leptin RIA Kit). Serum leptin levels in the breast cancer patients were significantly higher than those in the control group (27.00 versus 17.65 ng/ml, p = 0.019). There were no differences with respect to BMI and age between control and breast cancer patients. There were no significant differences in BMI and leptin levels between pre- and postmenopausal patients (27.00 +/- 1.39 and 27.19 +/- 0.81 kg/m(2), 26.81 +/- 6.25 and 27.06 +/- 2.98 ng/ml) (p > 0.05). We found no difference in serum leptin level between early and late stages of patients (22.38 versus 31.30 ng/ml, p = 0.086). However, the serum leptin level in patients using tamoxifen was significantly higher than that of patients not using tamoxifen (32.71 and 19.39 ng/ml, respectively p = 0.009). There was no correlation between CA 15-3 and leptin level (r = 0.069, p = 0.610). CONCLUSION: High serum leptin levels seen in breast cancer patients are not related to stage of the disease or to cancer itself but may be associated with the use of tamoxifen.