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1.
王驰  任秀云 《口腔医学》2023,(12):1140-1144
即刻种植凭借其愈合周期短、复诊次数少和患者满意度高被广泛用于牙列缺损修复治疗。当唇侧骨壁存在缺损的患者需行前牙区即刻种植时,为保证即刻种植临床效果和美学效果,应针对不同唇侧骨壁缺损应采取合适的手术方式。基于此,该文就唇侧骨壁缺损区的原因、分类及即刻种植处理方法的研究进展作一综述。  相似文献   

2.
目的 探讨唇侧骨板部分缺损的患者行即刻种植和延期种植对术后软硬组织变化情况及美学效果的影响。方法 将40例唇侧骨板呈有利型裂开式骨缺损,且缺损高度不超过4 mm的上颌单颗前牙患者分为即刻种植组(20例)和延期种植组(20例),两组均在全程导板引导下植入Nobel Active种植体,种植体颈部平台位于唇侧龈缘根方3~4 mm。植入后两组均行即刻修复,并应用Bio-Oss骨粉及Bio-Gide膜同期行引导骨再生术(guided bone regeneration,GBR)。比较两组种植体成功率、种植体唇侧骨板厚度变化、种植体唇侧轮廓厚度变化以及红色美学评分(pink esthetic score,PES)。结果 两组患者的种植体成功率均为100%,随访期间未发生并发症。两组术后唇侧骨板均在种植体颈部观察到最大的骨吸收量,术后12个月即刻种植组的颈部骨吸收量为(1.29±0.71)mm,延期种植组为(1.43±0.19)mm,但两组间在各测量位点骨吸收量差异均无统计学意义。即刻种植组和延期种植组术后6个月及12个月唇侧龈缘最高点以及近远中牙龈乳头高度的变化量差异均无统计学意义;PES评分在...  相似文献   

3.
目的:探讨前牙美学区植入种植体的颈部与唇侧骨板间距离对种植体周软硬组织的影响.方法:随机选取6只健康Beagle犬,在双侧上颌第一切牙处(共12个位点)行数字化外科导板辅助下的即刻种植和早期种植,并分为4组,A组(早期种植1 mm组),B组(早期种植2 mm组),C组(即刻种植1 mm组),D组(即刻种植2 mm组)....  相似文献   

4.
目的:观察常规翻瓣种植与不翻瓣种植在前牙即刻种植修复中的临床效果。方法60例患者随机分成2组,试验组30例,采用不翻瓣方式行即刻种植术,对照组30例,采用常规翻瓣即刻种植术。记录2组修复后3、6、12个月的红色美学指数、牙槽骨吸收水平及满意度。结果修复后3个月(t=5.585)、6个月(t=6.740)、12个月(t=10.933),试验组红色美学指数高于对照组(P<0.05);修复后12个月试验组患者满意度(87%)高于对照组(74%)(c2=1.667,P=0.197);修复后3个月(t=6.360)、6个月(t=14.112)、12个月(t=11.553),牙槽骨吸收水平较对照组低(P<0.05)。结论前牙即刻种植采用不翻瓣技术与常规翻瓣技术比较,可提高临床修复效果和患者的满意度。  相似文献   

5.
目的:1.统计前牙区采用即刻种植术植入种植体后5年以上的种植体存留率,探讨前牙区即刻种植术后种植修复的远期效果;2.通过锥形束CT观察种植体唇侧牙槽骨厚度并分析其原因。材料和方法:统计首都医科大学附属北京口腔医院种植中心2001年至2007年期间行前牙区即刻种植术的病例96例,共植入种植体115颗,术后4~10个月行上部义齿修复,平均随访时间为7.4年(5~11年)。检查项目为临床检查和锥形束CT检查。结果:骨愈合期间5颗种植体脱落,功能负载后1颗种植体脱落,种植体存留率为94.7%。对来院复诊的24名患者(28颗种植体)进行临床检查,种植体均无松动。CBCT观察发现25.0%(7颗)的种植体唇侧牙槽骨完全吸收,种植体根尖暴露于骨膜下,46.4%(13颗)种植体唇侧牙槽骨完整,菲薄,厚度<2mm,28.6%(8颗)种植体唇侧牙槽骨完整,厚度≥2mm。结论:本研究表明前牙区即刻种植术后的种植体5年以上存留率在90%以上。前牙区即刻种植的远期临床修复效果较为满意。  相似文献   

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评估单颗上颌前牙区外伤牙行不翻瓣即刻种植即刻修复的临床效果,探讨影响前牙美学区种植修复效果的临床因素.患者左上中切牙外伤致冠根折,微创拔除患牙,进行不翻瓣即刻种植,术后当天完成即刻临时修复,术后7个月行3 Shape口扫制取数字化印模,完成一体化螺钉固位钛基底(Vario-Base)-氧化锆冠修复.在25个月的随访观察...  相似文献   

8.
不翻瓣即刻牙种植临床研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
目的:介绍一种微创的即刻牙种植方法,并对其临床效果尤其是美学效果进行评价。方法:对19例颊侧上端边缘骨板完整、无明显急性根尖或牙周炎症的前牙或前磨牙进行微创拔牙术,清创拔牙窝后不翻瓣即刻植入种植体,接上适当高度和直径的愈合基台,制作塑料过度义齿固定于邻牙。3-6个月后制作永久上部结构。病例随访3-18个月,对种植体周围的软硬组织进行评价。结果:19例患者19颗种植体均获得良好骨结合,随访期内无一种植体松动脱落。种植修复成功率100%。种植体周软硬组织保存良好,种植美学效果令人满意。结论:只要选择好适应症,不翻瓣即刻种植短期可获得有保障性的临床效果,方法确实可行。  相似文献   

9.
目的 建立中国东北地区人群健康青年者CBCT数字化影像资料库,针对正常美学区及功能区的唇侧骨板厚度相关解剖数据进行测量,为即刻种植手术的风险评估及治疗方案的制定提供临床参考.方法 采用CBCT(Sirona, SL 3D)对200例青年进行扫描,建立影像资料库,随机抽出100份选择最佳的矢状面,利用系统自带软件测量并...  相似文献   

10.
目的:介绍一种简单易行的下颌磨牙即刻种植方法并对其临床效果进行评估。方法:20颗下颌磨牙经微创拔牙后,不翻瓣植入特定形状的种植体和愈合基台,无须植入人工骨或覆盖胶原膜,种植体采用穿龈愈合方式。种植体植入3个月后常规印模,完成上部结构修复。种植体完成修复后随访3-24月。结果:所有的种植体均获得良好的骨结合,种植体周软硬组织保持完好,美学效果令人满意。随访期内所有种植牙正常行使功能。结论:下颌磨牙不翻瓣即刻种植方法简单易行,临床效果可靠,减少了手术次数,缩短了治疗时间,降低了治疗费用,值得临床推广。  相似文献   

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由于种植体生物相容性的不断改良和完善,目前的牙种植体均能获得理想的可预期的骨结合,在新拔除患牙的牙槽窝内即刻植入种植体已经成为一种常规的术式拔牙后即刻种植可有利于减少外科手术次数,有利于牙槽嵴骨量的保存,降低治疗费用并减少缺牙时间,更易被患者接受.但由其解剖生理因素决定,牙槽嵴在牙缺失后通常要出现唇侧骨板的吸收萎缩,这常导致种植体唇面暴露,出现美学上的问题.即刻种植的同时,在充分理解和使用引导骨再生原理的基础上配合骨增量材料的应用才能获得理想的修复效果,本文就我们的临床体会结合文献进行了分析讨论.  相似文献   

13.
目的 评价即刻种植即刻修复联合不翻瓣技术在上颌单颗前牙位点的临床应用效果,并探讨其技术要点.方法 选择上颌单颗中切牙无法保留的患者17例,采用不翻瓣技术,拔除患牙后即刻植入种植体,并即刻行种植体支持临时冠修复,术后2个月复诊调整临时冠外形,术后3个月行最终修复.最终修复后1、3、6、12、24个月复诊.最终修复即刻、1...  相似文献   

14.
目的 比较美学区单颗牙即刻种植和延期种植的短期红色美学和种植体边缘骨吸收的临床效果,并对其影响因素进行分析。方法 选择2008年1月—2015年12月在中国医科大学附属口腔医院种植中心行美学区单颗牙种植的患者共114例,分为即刻种植组和延期种植组。上部结构修复完成后随访1年,测量修复完成当天和1年后的红色美学评分(pink esthetic score,PES),修复完成1年后种植体边缘骨吸收量。采用SPSS 17.0软件包进行统计学分析。结果 上部结构修复完成1年后114颗种植体均稳固,即刻种植组在修复完成1年后种植体边缘骨吸收量为(0.36±0.39) mm,显著小于延期种植组(0.79±0.67mm)(P<0.001);2组在修复完成当天和1年后的PES得分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。即刻修复对2组修复完成当天和1年后的PES得分,以及修复完成1年后的种植体边缘骨吸收量均无显著影响(P>0.05)。不翻瓣术修复完成当天和1年后的PES得分分别为9.58±1.67和11.58±1.57,修复完成1年后种植体边缘骨吸收量为(0.25±0.22) mm;而翻瓣术修复完成当天和1年后的PES得分分别为7.11±1.45和9.96±1.56,修复完成1年后种植体边缘骨吸收量为(0.43±0.47)mm,2组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。SLA和DAE表面处理方法对PES和边缘骨吸收量无显著影响(P>0.05),但植骨手术对修复完成当天和1年后的PES均有不利影响(P<0.05)。结论 美学区即刻种植的种植体边缘骨吸收速度小于延期种植,有利于延长种植体寿命。不翻瓣术提高了修复后的美观度,在选择合适病例的前提下,不翻瓣即刻种植能够达到良好的临床效果。  相似文献   

15.
即刻种植的临床探讨   总被引:2,自引:4,他引:2  
目的:报告拔牙后即刻种植的临床结果并对即刻种植的处理方法进行探讨。方法:拔除患牙,清创拔牙窝后,采用Branemark种植系统的操作方法,在Ⅰ期手术,将Branemark种植体即刻植入患者颌骨,酌情植入自体骨或异体骨,必要时加盖生物膜;4~6个月后,进行Ⅱ期手术,再经1~2周后,用目定修复体修复。结果:138颗即刻种植的Branemark种植体中,上颌76颗,下颌62颗,有4颗种植体失败,观察最长60个月,最短36个月,种植体存留率为96.4%。结论:即刻种植初步临床结果是满意的,其长期效果有待进一步的观察。  相似文献   

16.
Immediate implant placement holds considerable value, yet primary implant stability is often a critical factor. The aim of this study was to evaluate the stability, volumetric viability, and buccal gap size of reverse tapered body shift (RTBS) implants after immediate placement. Peak insertion torque measurements of two RTBS designs (apical 40% vs. apical 50%), relative to conventionally tapered implants, were assessed in simulated extraction sockets prepared in synthetic bone blocks. Additionally, the proximity of the RTBS implants to neighbouring teeth and anatomical structures, and the buccal gap distance were evaluated in human cadavers. The mean (± standard deviation) insertion torque was 12.00 ± 1.40 N•cm for the conventionally tapered implants (n = 50), 35.36 ± 2.74 N•cm (n = 50) for RTBS-1, and 48.20 ± 2.90 N•cm (n = 50) for RTBS-2; the difference between designs was statistically significant (P < 0.01). In total, 40 RTBS implants (20 per design) were placed in six cadaveric premaxillae. Only one locus was inappropriate for both RTBS implant designs, due to the proximity of neighbouring teeth. The average buccal gap for both implant designs was 2.8 mm (P = 0.104). The improved primary stability and increased buccal gap size with RTBS implants may enhance the feasibility of immediate placement. The study findings should be further validated in clinical trials.  相似文献   

17.

Purpose

The aim of this study was to describe the surgical technique of immediate dental implant placement in calvarial grafts for augmentation of the severely resorbed maxilla and to assess the treatment results.

Methods

In 13 patients the maxilla was augmented with calvarial bone followed by simultaneous dental implant placement (total: 68 implants). In the frontal “knife edge” region, implants were inserted in the buccal plated area. In the maxillary sinus area, implants were inserted into alveolar bone that was plated buccally or palatally through the sinus window. After 4 months, the implants were retrieved and subsequently loaded. Per-operative and post-operative variables were scored. One bone biopsy sample was taken for histological analysis.

Results

The surgical procedure and wound healing was uneventful. During abutment connection after 4 months, all implants were fully osseointegrated with no signs of graft resorption. Radiographically, the mean (±SD) peri-implant bone loss after 1 year of functional loading was 0.23 ± 0.44 mm. No implants were lost. Histological examination revealed vital calvarial and maxillary bone with active remodeling.

Conclusion

Immediate dental implant placement in calvarial bone grafts to rehabilitate severely resorbed maxilla is technically feasible and seems to have a high success rate.  相似文献   

18.
目的利用CBCT研究上前牙即刻种植后牙槽嵴的宽度及唇侧骨壁的变化。方法即刻种植患者术后(T1)、术后6个月(T2)、术后1年(T3)行CBCT检查,测量位点包括从种植体肩台到根尖点(0、2、4、6、8mm)的5个距离,测量线与种植体长轴垂直,测量数据包括牙槽骨厚度及种植体唇侧骨厚度。结果 T2-T1为-1.21±0.39mm,T3-T1为-1.42±0.56mm,6个月时唇侧骨壁变化为-1.11±0.24mm,占牙槽骨变化的91.73%,12个月时唇侧骨壁变化为-1.26±0.37mm,占牙槽骨变化的88.65%。结论即刻种植后牙槽骨宽度变化主要在拔牙后的6个月内,其中唇侧骨壁的变化量约占总宽度变化的90%。  相似文献   

19.
Objective: This systematic review evaluates implant survival and the change in the width of the horizontal ridge following immediate implant placement with or without a regenerative procedure.

Materials and methods: An electronic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the LILACS database of the Cochrane Central Register of controlled trials was performed, along with a manual search, up to April 2018. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-randomized controlled clinical trials (CCTs) with >10 subjects were eligible for this systematic review. A meta-analysis of the risk difference in implant failure between the regenerative and non-regenerative procedure groups was performed using a fixed-effect model. In addition, a meta-analysis of the change in alveolar bone width was conducted using a fixed-effect model.

Results: Seven studies (six RCTs and one CCT) were included. A meta-analysis of three studies found no statistically significant risk difference in implant failure between the regenerative procedure and non-regenerative procedure groups. A meta-analysis of four studies showed that horizontal shrinkage of the alveolar ridge in the site of immediate implant placement was statistically significantly lower with the regenerative procedure than without it (<1 year follow up studies: weighted mean difference (WMD) 0.75?mm, 95% confidence interval 0.41–1.09, p?<?.00001; ≥1 year follow up study: WMD 1.22, 95% confidence interval 0.52–1.91, p?=?.00006; total: WMD 0.84?mm, 95% confidence interval 0.53–1.14, p?<?.00001).

Conclusion: Within the study limitations, immediate implant placement with a regenerative procedure showed similar implant survival and less shrinkage of the ridge width than immediate implant placement without a regenerative procedure. Due to the high risk of bias and small sample sizes of the included studies, further clinical studies are warranted to draw definitive conclusions.  相似文献   

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